Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160752
R. Schaphorst, J. Roth
A description is presented of three different techniques for measuring motion distortion in video teleconferencing and videophone (VTC/VP) systems: temporal frequency response, scene cut response, and transmitted frame rate. All three techniques satisfy the two basic requisites for a measurement procedure to be practical. First, the measurements are performed using only the output processed picture. Second, the techniques for generating the test signal and analyzing the output signal are not excessively complex so there is promise of developing practical test equipment to implement the test procedure.<>
{"title":"Techniques for objectively measuring motion distortion in video teleconferencing systems","authors":"R. Schaphorst, J. Roth","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160752","url":null,"abstract":"A description is presented of three different techniques for measuring motion distortion in video teleconferencing and videophone (VTC/VP) systems: temporal frequency response, scene cut response, and transmitted frame rate. All three techniques satisfy the two basic requisites for a measurement procedure to be practical. First, the measurements are performed using only the output processed picture. Second, the techniques for generating the test signal and analyzing the output signal are not excessively complex so there is promise of developing practical test equipment to implement the test procedure.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121792480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160845
Chen Yi, Fu Yuqing, Fei Zhong
An approach for extracting human body in motion images from a real world scene is presented. It is based on accumulating several difference pictures to recover a moving human body. In difference operations, a technique is proposed to threshold the difference picture, in which an exponential data fitting method is applied to histogram analysis. Then a region-based classification which works on the principle of maximizing the between-class variance is performed to remove the static background that survived. Experimental results show that, owing to utilization of more motion information contained in the sequence, the proposed approach produces a robust and efficient segmentation by only two simple operations of difference and accumulation.<>
{"title":"Accumulative difference method for human body motion segmentation in a real-world scene","authors":"Chen Yi, Fu Yuqing, Fei Zhong","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160845","url":null,"abstract":"An approach for extracting human body in motion images from a real world scene is presented. It is based on accumulating several difference pictures to recover a moving human body. In difference operations, a technique is proposed to threshold the difference picture, in which an exponential data fitting method is applied to histogram analysis. Then a region-based classification which works on the principle of maximizing the between-class variance is performed to remove the static background that survived. Experimental results show that, owing to utilization of more motion information contained in the sequence, the proposed approach produces a robust and efficient segmentation by only two simple operations of difference and accumulation.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124178551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160763
S. Foda, P. Agathoklis
An algebraic test for asymptotic stability independent of delay for delay differential systems is presented. The test is developed using the Kronecker product formulation of the frequency dependent Lyapunov equation for delay differential systems. Sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability independent of delay are shown to be equivalent to testing the eigenvalues of a set of constant matrices. Numerical aspects of the algorithms are also discussed.<>
{"title":"An algebraic test for asymptotic stability of delay differential systems with commensurate delays","authors":"S. Foda, P. Agathoklis","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160763","url":null,"abstract":"An algebraic test for asymptotic stability independent of delay for delay differential systems is presented. The test is developed using the Kronecker product formulation of the frequency dependent Lyapunov equation for delay differential systems. Sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability independent of delay are shown to be equivalent to testing the eigenvalues of a set of constant matrices. Numerical aspects of the algorithms are also discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124282928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160726
R. B. Pinter, R. Darling
The signal processing principles utilized in sensory neural systems such as the retina and optic lobes of insects are studied with a view to deriving principles for design of analog integrated circuit peripheral (early) processing systems. The basic peripheral processing principles in biological visual systems are gain adaptation and lateral inhibition. The utility, both in biological and artificial neural networks, of nonlinear lateral inhibition is examined. Because lateral inhibition involves only near neighbor interactions between cells, optoelectronic implementations in the form of monolithically integrated photodetector arrays are particularly attractive. These have wide practical applicability for machine vision, optical scanning, and image enhancement purposes. Such implementations are completely analog and can be designed to require only one transistor per unilateral interconnection.<>
{"title":"Sensory neural networks and their adaptations","authors":"R. B. Pinter, R. Darling","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160726","url":null,"abstract":"The signal processing principles utilized in sensory neural systems such as the retina and optic lobes of insects are studied with a view to deriving principles for design of analog integrated circuit peripheral (early) processing systems. The basic peripheral processing principles in biological visual systems are gain adaptation and lateral inhibition. The utility, both in biological and artificial neural networks, of nonlinear lateral inhibition is examined. Because lateral inhibition involves only near neighbor interactions between cells, optoelectronic implementations in the form of monolithically integrated photodetector arrays are particularly attractive. These have wide practical applicability for machine vision, optical scanning, and image enhancement purposes. Such implementations are completely analog and can be designed to require only one transistor per unilateral interconnection.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125225611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160859
D. Noel, G. Dew, S. Kumar, M. Fiala-Timlin, K. Mann
The 1200/8000 b/s GMSK-like modem utilizing a digital signal processor (DSP) and the required support circuitry is being developed. The modem functions are implemented using a DSP-based assembler. Both data transmission speeds are accommodated and are user selectable depending upon the position of a hardware selection switch (prototype only). The design eliminates the need for external DSP memory, as both the transmit and receive software, each restricted in size to 512 words of 24 bits, will reside on the DSP while being used. The DSP forms the heart of the modem. The controller section makes use of an Intel microprocessor, RAM, PROM, EEPROM, a gate array to provide an interface to the radio, and a combination of a communications controller with EIA drivers to create a standard user terminal interface.<>
{"title":"The development of an 8 kbps GMSK-like modem for Mobitex","authors":"D. Noel, G. Dew, S. Kumar, M. Fiala-Timlin, K. Mann","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160859","url":null,"abstract":"The 1200/8000 b/s GMSK-like modem utilizing a digital signal processor (DSP) and the required support circuitry is being developed. The modem functions are implemented using a DSP-based assembler. Both data transmission speeds are accommodated and are user selectable depending upon the position of a hardware selection switch (prototype only). The design eliminates the need for external DSP memory, as both the transmit and receive software, each restricted in size to 512 words of 24 bits, will reside on the DSP while being used. The DSP forms the heart of the modem. The controller section makes use of an Intel microprocessor, RAM, PROM, EEPROM, a gate array to provide an interface to the radio, and a combination of a communications controller with EIA drivers to create a standard user terminal interface.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129980190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160795
S. Massoumi, S. Kallel
An adaptive scheme for trellis coded modulation of multiple phase shift keying (MPSK) signals, called adaptive trellis coded MPSK (ATCMPSK), is proposed for the Rayleigh fading channel. The adaptive scheme is based on varying the coding/modulation (codulation) rate according to channel conditions. Slow fading and ideal channel information at the receiver are assumed. It is shown that ATCMPSK results in a considerable improvement in bit error rate (BER) performance of MPSK signals under fading.<>
{"title":"Adaptive trellis coded modulation for mobile communications","authors":"S. Massoumi, S. Kallel","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160795","url":null,"abstract":"An adaptive scheme for trellis coded modulation of multiple phase shift keying (MPSK) signals, called adaptive trellis coded MPSK (ATCMPSK), is proposed for the Rayleigh fading channel. The adaptive scheme is based on varying the coding/modulation (codulation) rate according to channel conditions. Slow fading and ideal channel information at the receiver are assumed. It is shown that ATCMPSK results in a considerable improvement in bit error rate (BER) performance of MPSK signals under fading.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129532944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160735
Y. Kimura, K. Tsuruoka
A description is given of the characteristics for Odin/C++, which is the language used for the authors' object-oriented database management system, called Odin. In particular, these characteristics include the concept that classes are persistent objects. A set class and a joined class are supported, in order to easily manipulate a set of objects in a database. To operate the set of objects, instance methods, such as selection, join, and so on, are supported. Furthermore, the declarative description is introduced into the procedural language C++. Two kinds of view mechanism represent other characteristics in Odin. One is a view mechanism for the conceptual level. Another view is for the physical level, called physical structure virtualization.<>
{"title":"A language and view for Odin, an object-oriented database system","authors":"Y. Kimura, K. Tsuruoka","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160735","url":null,"abstract":"A description is given of the characteristics for Odin/C++, which is the language used for the authors' object-oriented database management system, called Odin. In particular, these characteristics include the concept that classes are persistent objects. A set class and a joined class are supported, in order to easily manipulate a set of objects in a database. To operate the set of objects, instance methods, such as selection, join, and so on, are supported. Furthermore, the declarative description is introduced into the procedural language C++. Two kinds of view mechanism represent other characteristics in Odin. One is a view mechanism for the conceptual level. Another view is for the physical level, called physical structure virtualization.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130197759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160841
W. Little, P. Baker, D. Fraser, J. Aune, B. Sauder
The authors describe array-tag technology and its application in the forest industry. Array tag technology uses 2-D printed tag symbols consisting of an array of cells and tag readers consisting of a lens system and a video camera interfaced via a frame grabber to an image processing computer. The authors outline various array tag configurations, tag materials, and printing options. They describe the computer hardware and software image processing algorithms, and optical subsystems of array tag readers. In addition, example additions of the technology to lumber and log tracking and inventory control are discussed.<>
{"title":"Array tags in forestry","authors":"W. Little, P. Baker, D. Fraser, J. Aune, B. Sauder","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160841","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe array-tag technology and its application in the forest industry. Array tag technology uses 2-D printed tag symbols consisting of an array of cells and tag readers consisting of a lens system and a video camera interfaced via a frame grabber to an image processing computer. The authors outline various array tag configurations, tag materials, and printing options. They describe the computer hardware and software image processing algorithms, and optical subsystems of array tag readers. In addition, example additions of the technology to lumber and log tracking and inventory control are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128713069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160744
Y. Chan, W. Siu
A simple algorithm is proposed to realize a one-dimensional discrete Hartley transform (DHT) with sequence lengths equal to 2/sup m/. This algorithm achieves the same multiplicative complexity as Malvar's algorithm (1987, 1988) which requires the least number of multiplications reported in the literature. However, the approach gives the advantage of requiring a smaller number of additions compared with the number required in Malvar's algorithm.<>
{"title":"New formulation of fast discrete Hartley transform with the minimum number of multiplications","authors":"Y. Chan, W. Siu","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160744","url":null,"abstract":"A simple algorithm is proposed to realize a one-dimensional discrete Hartley transform (DHT) with sequence lengths equal to 2/sup m/. This algorithm achieves the same multiplicative complexity as Malvar's algorithm (1987, 1988) which requires the least number of multiplications reported in the literature. However, the approach gives the advantage of requiring a smaller number of additions compared with the number required in Malvar's algorithm.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121322287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-05-09DOI: 10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160833
Y. Nakauchi, T. Okada, Y. Anzai
The authors developed a groupware toolkit, called Michele, which supports asynchronous group work in distributed open environments. It is based on a multi-agent model of communication and allows a user to customize the interface by a specially designed language called MDL (multi-agent description language). The authors incorporate a learning mechanism in Michele. With the mechanism, Michele learns interactions between the user and the system, and stores learned knowledge in each user's environment. A document generation macro function has been added to MDL. With this macro function, cooperative work can be viewed as a set of document-driven procedures. Michele makes a decision tree for each query to the user when making new documents within the document generation macro function. The authors describe Michele and its agent description language MDL. They describe how to introduce a learning mechanism within Michele and explain the details of its implementation. An evaluation of the learning mechanism with a real example is described.<>
{"title":"Groupware that learns","authors":"Y. Nakauchi, T. Okada, Y. Anzai","doi":"10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PACRIM.1991.160833","url":null,"abstract":"The authors developed a groupware toolkit, called Michele, which supports asynchronous group work in distributed open environments. It is based on a multi-agent model of communication and allows a user to customize the interface by a specially designed language called MDL (multi-agent description language). The authors incorporate a learning mechanism in Michele. With the mechanism, Michele learns interactions between the user and the system, and stores learned knowledge in each user's environment. A document generation macro function has been added to MDL. With this macro function, cooperative work can be viewed as a set of document-driven procedures. Michele makes a decision tree for each query to the user when making new documents within the document generation macro function. The authors describe Michele and its agent description language MDL. They describe how to introduce a learning mechanism within Michele and explain the details of its implementation. An evaluation of the learning mechanism with a real example is described.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":289986,"journal":{"name":"[1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal Processing Conference Proceedings","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121228631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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