In this paper, we analyze the performance of an adaptive hybrid FEC/ARQ scheme that adjusts the code rate to match the channel conditions. The concatenated scheme is using a fixed-rate RS(59,53) over GF(2/sup 8/) as the outer code along with a rate-compatible punctured convolutional RCPC code as the inner code. The inner code has order 6 memory and its rate is 1/2, 4/7, 2/3, 4/5, or 8/9, depending on the channel conditions. The performance of the adaptive scheme is compared with two fixed-rate-concatenated schemes whose inner code rates are 2/3 and 1/2.
{"title":"Throughput analysis of ATM traffic over satellite links using ARQ and adaptive concatenated FEC codes","authors":"A. H. Hmimy, S.C. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916506","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we analyze the performance of an adaptive hybrid FEC/ARQ scheme that adjusts the code rate to match the channel conditions. The concatenated scheme is using a fixed-rate RS(59,53) over GF(2/sup 8/) as the outer code along with a rate-compatible punctured convolutional RCPC code as the inner code. The inner code has order 6 memory and its rate is 1/2, 4/7, 2/3, 4/5, or 8/9, depending on the channel conditions. The performance of the adaptive scheme is compared with two fixed-rate-concatenated schemes whose inner code rates are 2/3 and 1/2.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129788993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses on the design of customer premise equipment (CPE) antennas for Local Multipoint Distribution Services (LMDS). An overview of LMDS systems and applications is presented as an introduction followed by specific requirements of a CPE antenna. These requirements include electrical performance issues, such as FCC and ETSI regulations, aesthetic values of the antenna, as well as mechanical and environmental considerations. Potential solutions are given, with specifics including cost issues, performance limitations, and high volume production issues. Specific design considerations are presented for a slotted array, single reflector, and dual reflector antennas.
{"title":"Customer premise antenna design for LMDS applications","authors":"J. Erwin, M. McCoy","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916524","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the design of customer premise equipment (CPE) antennas for Local Multipoint Distribution Services (LMDS). An overview of LMDS systems and applications is presented as an introduction followed by specific requirements of a CPE antenna. These requirements include electrical performance issues, such as FCC and ETSI regulations, aesthetic values of the antenna, as well as mechanical and environmental considerations. Potential solutions are given, with specifics including cost issues, performance limitations, and high volume production issues. Specific design considerations are presented for a slotted array, single reflector, and dual reflector antennas.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130236059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new multirate technique for DS-CDMA mobile radio system is proposed tested and analyzed. In this technique, a variable processing gain multirate concept is used, but with another spreading strategy, serial time-orthogonal spreading. Every user in the cell is assigned a unique spreading code with the highest spreading factor regardless of its data rate. If the user is to send voice, the whole code is used in spreading bit by bit. For higher data rates, the user specific code is partitioned to several subcodes, according to the data rate. Each subcode is used to spread the corresponding data bit. A complete performance analysis of the proposed system is presented on a multipath fading channel. In addition, the validity of the analysis results is demonstrated by computer simulations. A coded multirate CDMA system (using turbo-codes) is also simulated using different data rates. Performance results using decorrelating multi-user detection are also introduced and discussed. Both analysis and simulations show a performance improvement and a capacity enhancement.
{"title":"Performance analysis of a wireless multirate DS-CDMA in multipath fading channels","authors":"M. Madkour, S.C. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916517","url":null,"abstract":"A new multirate technique for DS-CDMA mobile radio system is proposed tested and analyzed. In this technique, a variable processing gain multirate concept is used, but with another spreading strategy, serial time-orthogonal spreading. Every user in the cell is assigned a unique spreading code with the highest spreading factor regardless of its data rate. If the user is to send voice, the whole code is used in spreading bit by bit. For higher data rates, the user specific code is partitioned to several subcodes, according to the data rate. Each subcode is used to spread the corresponding data bit. A complete performance analysis of the proposed system is presented on a multipath fading channel. In addition, the validity of the analysis results is demonstrated by computer simulations. A coded multirate CDMA system (using turbo-codes) is also simulated using different data rates. Performance results using decorrelating multi-user detection are also introduced and discussed. Both analysis and simulations show a performance improvement and a capacity enhancement.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133999630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A wireless packet data communications system utilizing the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is studied. A traffic model that exhibits self-similarity is considered for wireless Internet applications. The radio channel is modeled as a two-state Markov fading channel. The performance of TCP over such a packet radio link is obtained through analysis and simulation. Theoretical bounds are derived for system load and user performance. To gain insight to dimensioning of wireless packet data networks, TCP throughput and delay are studied with respect to the number of users and file size. The impact of radio link retransmission and system load on TCP timeout is also investigated.
{"title":"TCP over packet radio","authors":"D. Huang, J.J. Shi","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916504","url":null,"abstract":"A wireless packet data communications system utilizing the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is studied. A traffic model that exhibits self-similarity is considered for wireless Internet applications. The radio channel is modeled as a two-state Markov fading channel. The performance of TCP over such a packet radio link is obtained through analysis and simulation. Theoretical bounds are derived for system load and user performance. To gain insight to dimensioning of wireless packet data networks, TCP throughput and delay are studied with respect to the number of users and file size. The impact of radio link retransmission and system load on TCP timeout is also investigated.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114703435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As we usher in the new millennium, the International Mobile Telecommuncations-2000 (IMT-2000) standards are near completion. The much-anticipated standardization of the third generation (3G) wireless systems has been the focus of wireless standards organizations around the world for the last several years. Wireless standards activities have been underway in the ITU-R, ITU-T, TIA, Tl, ARIB, TTC, TTA, ETSI, and CWTS to define the air interfaces, core networks, interfaces and services. Much of this activity has transferred to the Partnership Projects, i.e. 3GPP and 3GPP2, although the regional standards development organizations (SDOs) are still ultimately responsible for the standardization of the detailed specifications for IMT-2000. These standards organizations and regional relationships are shown.
{"title":"Global standardization of IMT-2000","authors":"F. O'Brien, R. Guenther","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916516","url":null,"abstract":"As we usher in the new millennium, the International Mobile Telecommuncations-2000 (IMT-2000) standards are near completion. The much-anticipated standardization of the third generation (3G) wireless systems has been the focus of wireless standards organizations around the world for the last several years. Wireless standards activities have been underway in the ITU-R, ITU-T, TIA, Tl, ARIB, TTC, TTA, ETSI, and CWTS to define the air interfaces, core networks, interfaces and services. Much of this activity has transferred to the Partnership Projects, i.e. 3GPP and 3GPP2, although the regional standards development organizations (SDOs) are still ultimately responsible for the standardization of the detailed specifications for IMT-2000. These standards organizations and regional relationships are shown.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125945977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary form only given. As the virtues of flexible wireless anywhere computing begin to be understood-there is a growing interest in wireless local area networking (LAN) technologies. Unlike their wide area cellular or PCS-based counterparts, wireless LAN offers significantly higher speeds and the cost-effectiveness of low power transmission in the unlicensed spectrum. This paper surveys existing wireless LAN technologies and their projected market impact on the corporate and home environments. Variants of the 802.11 specification and the evolution to the 802.11b, capable of 11 Mbps, are described. It touches on some of today's practical issues surrounding large-scale wireless LAN campus deployments and focuses primarily on HiperLAN/2, which support automatic frequency allocation, QoS/connection-orientation and is capable of physical layer rates of up to 54 Mbps. The architecture and structure of HiperLAN/2 are described along with the current standardization status. Additionally, the paper also touches on wireless LAN spectrum, chip set implementation and interoperability issues. Contrasts to wireless wide area and personal area networking (e.g. Bluetooth) technologies are also given.
{"title":"HiperLAN/2 and the evolution of wireless LANs","authors":"A. Sicher","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916529","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. As the virtues of flexible wireless anywhere computing begin to be understood-there is a growing interest in wireless local area networking (LAN) technologies. Unlike their wide area cellular or PCS-based counterparts, wireless LAN offers significantly higher speeds and the cost-effectiveness of low power transmission in the unlicensed spectrum. This paper surveys existing wireless LAN technologies and their projected market impact on the corporate and home environments. Variants of the 802.11 specification and the evolution to the 802.11b, capable of 11 Mbps, are described. It touches on some of today's practical issues surrounding large-scale wireless LAN campus deployments and focuses primarily on HiperLAN/2, which support automatic frequency allocation, QoS/connection-orientation and is capable of physical layer rates of up to 54 Mbps. The architecture and structure of HiperLAN/2 are described along with the current standardization status. Additionally, the paper also touches on wireless LAN spectrum, chip set implementation and interoperability issues. Contrasts to wireless wide area and personal area networking (e.g. Bluetooth) technologies are also given.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132735269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Data-over-Cable Service Interface Specifications (DOCSIS) developed by Cable Labs has been adopted by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as a draft Recommendation in ITU-T and ITU-R. Nortel Networks has been spearheading the BWA standards efforts in ITU-R, ITU-T and in IEEE 802.16, that uses the cable modem specifications as a basis for wireless access systems in order to achieve economies of scale. The cable modem technical parameters for physical and media access control layers have been adapted to the wireless environment to support a bidirectional wireless access system for interactive services. This paper presents the BWA (broadband wireless acceas) physical and media access control (MAC) standardization efforts that are in progress in IEEE 802.16 in the 10-40 GHz band, with a focus on the LMDS (local multipoint distribution service) band in the U.S. Nortel Networks is leading the effort to standardize the DOCSIS based parameters for PHY/MAC standardization in IEEE 802.16. The services that will be supported by BWA systems include fast Internet access (supporting both IP and ATM traffic), video and interactive television. The key features of this BWA system are multiple quality of service (QoS) support, dynamic service management, support of real-time services along with cryptographic authentication of the users for protection against theft of service.
{"title":"Global standardization efforts of BWA systems based on cable modem","authors":"A. Arunachalam","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916510","url":null,"abstract":"Data-over-Cable Service Interface Specifications (DOCSIS) developed by Cable Labs has been adopted by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as a draft Recommendation in ITU-T and ITU-R. Nortel Networks has been spearheading the BWA standards efforts in ITU-R, ITU-T and in IEEE 802.16, that uses the cable modem specifications as a basis for wireless access systems in order to achieve economies of scale. The cable modem technical parameters for physical and media access control layers have been adapted to the wireless environment to support a bidirectional wireless access system for interactive services. This paper presents the BWA (broadband wireless acceas) physical and media access control (MAC) standardization efforts that are in progress in IEEE 802.16 in the 10-40 GHz band, with a focus on the LMDS (local multipoint distribution service) band in the U.S. Nortel Networks is leading the effort to standardize the DOCSIS based parameters for PHY/MAC standardization in IEEE 802.16. The services that will be supported by BWA systems include fast Internet access (supporting both IP and ATM traffic), video and interactive television. The key features of this BWA system are multiple quality of service (QoS) support, dynamic service management, support of real-time services along with cryptographic authentication of the users for protection against theft of service.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128193396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Open-loop transmit diversity (TD) methods for the third generation (3G) CDMA cellular standards are briefly described. These solutions are based on orthogonal signal transmission from the base station to reduce same-cell interference. The performance enhancement due to this orthogonal signal transmission is studied and it is compared with traditional schemes. Performance bounds based on the Shannon capacity limit are also given to compare and contrast several fundamental differences among the TD methods.
{"title":"Open-loop transmit diversity for CDMA forward link","authors":"K. Rohani","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916512","url":null,"abstract":"Open-loop transmit diversity (TD) methods for the third generation (3G) CDMA cellular standards are briefly described. These solutions are based on orthogonal signal transmission from the base station to reduce same-cell interference. The performance enhancement due to this orthogonal signal transmission is studied and it is compared with traditional schemes. Performance bounds based on the Shannon capacity limit are also given to compare and contrast several fundamental differences among the TD methods.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131433729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary form only given. Microwave A/D and D/A converters enable digital RF systems where virtually all information is processed or generated by direct digital means. A complete receiver link can consist of a sensor (e.g. antenna or photodetector), an N-bit A/D converter, and a digital signal processor. A complete transmitter can be built using the appropriate actuator (antenna or laser), an N-bit D/A converter and a digital waveform synthesizer. Future radar, electronic warfare, and communication systems will exploit this all-digital approach to increase the performance and flexibility while lowering the cost. We describe how quantum switching devices can be used to build A/D converters with ultimate sampling rates well above 100 GHz. Resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) are integrated with heterojunction field effect or bipolar transistors to sample, quantize, encode, demodulate, and filter broadband analog signals. Single-ended and differential circuits are discussed and compared for power consumption, area, and speed. Comparisons are made between RTD/FET and FET-only A/D functions. Results are shown for A/D quantizers that have sub-millivolt threshold sensitivity at 10 GHz sampling rates.
{"title":"Microwave analog-to-digital converters for broadband communications","authors":"G. Frazier","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916832","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. Microwave A/D and D/A converters enable digital RF systems where virtually all information is processed or generated by direct digital means. A complete receiver link can consist of a sensor (e.g. antenna or photodetector), an N-bit A/D converter, and a digital signal processor. A complete transmitter can be built using the appropriate actuator (antenna or laser), an N-bit D/A converter and a digital waveform synthesizer. Future radar, electronic warfare, and communication systems will exploit this all-digital approach to increase the performance and flexibility while lowering the cost. We describe how quantum switching devices can be used to build A/D converters with ultimate sampling rates well above 100 GHz. Resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) are integrated with heterojunction field effect or bipolar transistors to sample, quantize, encode, demodulate, and filter broadband analog signals. Single-ended and differential circuits are discussed and compared for power consumption, area, and speed. Comparisons are made between RTD/FET and FET-only A/D functions. Results are shown for A/D quantizers that have sub-millivolt threshold sensitivity at 10 GHz sampling rates.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"213 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122862651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a DS-CDMA receiver that combines adaptive beamforming together with a linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) multi-user detection in a multipath fading channel is proposed and analyzed. By beamforming, the desired user's signal is enhanced and the co-channel interference from other directions is reduced. For in-beam multiple access interference reduction; LMMSE multi-user detection is used. The average uncoded bit error rate (BER) as a function of the average antenna signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the number of receiving antennas are examined in a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel. Performance comparison between LMMSE, decorrelating and parallel interference cancellation detectors have been carried out. Simulation results show an increase in system capacity and/or improving the coverage.
{"title":"A combined antenna array and LMMSE multi-user detection DS-CDMA receiver in multipath fading channels","authors":"N. A. Mohamed, J. Dunham","doi":"10.1109/ETS.2000.916507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETS.2000.916507","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a DS-CDMA receiver that combines adaptive beamforming together with a linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) multi-user detection in a multipath fading channel is proposed and analyzed. By beamforming, the desired user's signal is enhanced and the co-channel interference from other directions is reduced. For in-beam multiple access interference reduction; LMMSE multi-user detection is used. The average uncoded bit error rate (BER) as a function of the average antenna signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the number of receiving antennas are examined in a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel. Performance comparison between LMMSE, decorrelating and parallel interference cancellation detectors have been carried out. Simulation results show an increase in system capacity and/or improving the coverage.","PeriodicalId":291027,"journal":{"name":"2000 IEEE Emerging Technologies Symposium on Broadband, Wireless Internet Access. Digest of Papers (Cat. No.00EX414)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116723921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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