Metamaterial have been shown to enhance specific performance parameters of low profile antennas. In this paper we investigate appreciably enhancement of the gain & radiation pattern of a low profile micro strip patch antenna by placing a metamaterial slab above it (as a super strate) using CST MWS simulator. This paper proposes a metamaterial super strate surface as a reflective surface for micro strip patch antenna (MPA). The MTM structure was a combination of the triangular SRR (TSRR) and the wire strip (WS) to obtain negative values of permittivity & permeability. The gain of the MPA with MRS is around 5 dB higher than that of conventional MPA on FR4 substrate. These improvements were due to negative refraction characteristics of LHM structure that converts into super-lens, when placed in front of the antenna. The small spacing between MRS and the patch surface was another merit in the present design, which was as low as ?/10 as it results in low profile antenna design, that will suits in modern wireless communication system.
{"title":"An Investigation of Gain Enhancement of Microstrip Antenna by Using Inhomogeneous Triangular Metamaterial","authors":"A. Panda, A. Sahu","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.30","url":null,"abstract":"Metamaterial have been shown to enhance specific performance parameters of low profile antennas. In this paper we investigate appreciably enhancement of the gain & radiation pattern of a low profile micro strip patch antenna by placing a metamaterial slab above it (as a super strate) using CST MWS simulator. This paper proposes a metamaterial super strate surface as a reflective surface for micro strip patch antenna (MPA). The MTM structure was a combination of the triangular SRR (TSRR) and the wire strip (WS) to obtain negative values of permittivity & permeability. The gain of the MPA with MRS is around 5 dB higher than that of conventional MPA on FR4 substrate. These improvements were due to negative refraction characteristics of LHM structure that converts into super-lens, when placed in front of the antenna. The small spacing between MRS and the patch surface was another merit in the present design, which was as low as ?/10 as it results in low profile antenna design, that will suits in modern wireless communication system.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"421 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132834019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dynamics of an ad hoc network has became vital factor for protocol design because mobility of nodes leads to unstable routing, and consequently flows encounter fluctuations in resource availability on various paths during the lifetime of a session. This has become serious, especially for those protocols based on single-path reservation, as frequent reservation and restoration of reservation-based flows increase the instability of connections. Advances in wireless research are focusing more and more on the adaptation capability of routing protocols. These protocols are interrelated to each other among various performance measures such as those related to topological changes (link breakages, node mobility, etc.) and quality of service (QoS) parameters. Sometimes, dynamic ad hoc networks resemble a dense ad hoc network. At other times, they resemble sparse network where nodes are located far away from each other. Many real networks follow the structure of dynamic ad hoc networks. Military networks, wildlife tracking sensor networks, and vehicle networks are some of these examples. In dynamic ad hoc networks, conventional routing schemes fail when the network characteristics do not fall into their applicable scenarios. Previous research has proposed a variety of routing schemes for each specific network scenario. For instance, distributed routing tables are built for efficient multi-hop, single copy routing in static and dense networks. Mobility assisted multi-copy routings are proposed in sparse networks where contemporary paths might not exist. After having review on these protocol and using some specific characteristic from these protocol we have designed a new routing algorithm that can work well in dense as well as sparse network. With the advantages of the existing schemes in mind, we introduce a new routing scheme, Adaptive Routing in Dynamic ad hoc networks (AROD), which is a seamless integration of several existing schemes.
{"title":"Adaptivity of Arod Routing Protocol in Sparse and Dense Ad-Hoc Networks","authors":"Kiran Modani, A. Katariya","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.21","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of an ad hoc network has became vital factor for protocol design because mobility of nodes leads to unstable routing, and consequently flows encounter fluctuations in resource availability on various paths during the lifetime of a session. This has become serious, especially for those protocols based on single-path reservation, as frequent reservation and restoration of reservation-based flows increase the instability of connections. Advances in wireless research are focusing more and more on the adaptation capability of routing protocols. These protocols are interrelated to each other among various performance measures such as those related to topological changes (link breakages, node mobility, etc.) and quality of service (QoS) parameters. Sometimes, dynamic ad hoc networks resemble a dense ad hoc network. At other times, they resemble sparse network where nodes are located far away from each other. Many real networks follow the structure of dynamic ad hoc networks. Military networks, wildlife tracking sensor networks, and vehicle networks are some of these examples. In dynamic ad hoc networks, conventional routing schemes fail when the network characteristics do not fall into their applicable scenarios. Previous research has proposed a variety of routing schemes for each specific network scenario. For instance, distributed routing tables are built for efficient multi-hop, single copy routing in static and dense networks. Mobility assisted multi-copy routings are proposed in sparse networks where contemporary paths might not exist. After having review on these protocol and using some specific characteristic from these protocol we have designed a new routing algorithm that can work well in dense as well as sparse network. With the advantages of the existing schemes in mind, we introduce a new routing scheme, Adaptive Routing in Dynamic ad hoc networks (AROD), which is a seamless integration of several existing schemes.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133576092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SCADA systems play a vital role in nations' critical infrastructures and taking it to the next level of enhance operations we proposed new mobile sensor network architecture for SCADA system. The key value of Sensor devices is monitoring of physical and industrial environments. The data is captured by sensors and communicate to a central controller which analyses the data and takes appropriate actions. We studied the existing protocols and integrate it with IPv6 to support mobility. Our motivation in this study is to make architecture for mobile sensor network which is appropriate for SCADA system aiming to make it mobile to enhance the conventional system that SCADA system is currently have. This is also in connection with the aim to level up the SCADA components from fixed to mobile.
{"title":"IPv6 Mobile Sensor Network Architecture for SCADA System","authors":"Yvette E. Gelogo, Seung-Hwan Jeon, Tai-hoon Kim","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.101","url":null,"abstract":"SCADA systems play a vital role in nations' critical infrastructures and taking it to the next level of enhance operations we proposed new mobile sensor network architecture for SCADA system. The key value of Sensor devices is monitoring of physical and industrial environments. The data is captured by sensors and communicate to a central controller which analyses the data and takes appropriate actions. We studied the existing protocols and integrate it with IPv6 to support mobility. Our motivation in this study is to make architecture for mobile sensor network which is appropriate for SCADA system aiming to make it mobile to enhance the conventional system that SCADA system is currently have. This is also in connection with the aim to level up the SCADA components from fixed to mobile.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114341922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The gases generated in oil filled transformer can be used for determination of incipient faults. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) of transformer oil has been one of the most power full methods to detect the faults. The various methods such as liquid chromatography, acoustic analysis, and transformer function techniques are require some experience to interpret observations. The researchers have used artificial intelligence (AI) approach to encode these diagnostic techniques. This paper presents fuzzy-logic application and an overview of ANN techniques which can diagnose multiple faults in a transformer. Theoretical and practical fuzzy-logic (FL) information model and various researchers' ANN based experimental conclusion have been presented. This paper includes a demonstration of the application of the FL technique for transformer incipient fault diagnosis.
{"title":"An Expert System for Incipient Fault Diagnosis and Condition Assessment in Transformers","authors":"H. Malik, T. Tarkeshwar, R. Jarial","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.27","url":null,"abstract":"The gases generated in oil filled transformer can be used for determination of incipient faults. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) of transformer oil has been one of the most power full methods to detect the faults. The various methods such as liquid chromatography, acoustic analysis, and transformer function techniques are require some experience to interpret observations. The researchers have used artificial intelligence (AI) approach to encode these diagnostic techniques. This paper presents fuzzy-logic application and an overview of ANN techniques which can diagnose multiple faults in a transformer. Theoretical and practical fuzzy-logic (FL) information model and various researchers' ANN based experimental conclusion have been presented. This paper includes a demonstration of the application of the FL technique for transformer incipient fault diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"316 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114485661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the analysis of vowel phonemes of Punjabi. It shows formant analysis of vowels produced by speakers of Punjabi as a first language from Punjab. Comparison and analysis have been given with ten vowel phonemes of English. The vowel productions of a group of male speakers of Punjabi were recorded. Acoustic phonetic analyses of vowel formant frequencies and vowel duration were performed. It is amply clear in analysis that both language have different vowel phonemes. Mean of the respective formant frequencies are different.
{"title":"Formant Analysis of Punjabi Non-nasalized Vowel Phonemes","authors":"Pardeep Singh, Kamlesh Dutta","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.79","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the analysis of vowel phonemes of Punjabi. It shows formant analysis of vowels produced by speakers of Punjabi as a first language from Punjab. Comparison and analysis have been given with ten vowel phonemes of English. The vowel productions of a group of male speakers of Punjabi were recorded. Acoustic phonetic analyses of vowel formant frequencies and vowel duration were performed. It is amply clear in analysis that both language have different vowel phonemes. Mean of the respective formant frequencies are different.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122047315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims that analysing neural network method in pattern recognition. A neural network is a processing device, whose design was inspired by the design and functioning of human brain and their components. The proposed solutions focus on applying Bidirectional Associative Memory method model for pattern recognition. The primary function of which is to retrieve in a pattern stored in memory, when an incomplete or noisy version of that pattern is presented. An associative memory is a storehouse of associated patterns that are encoded in some form. In auto-association, an input pattern is associated with itself and the states of input and output units coincide. When the storehouse is incited with a given distorted or partial pattern, the associated pattern pair stored in its perfect form is recalled. Pattern recognition techniques are associated a symbolic identity with the image of the pattern. This problem of replication of patterns by machines (computers) involves the machine printed patterns. There is no idle memory containing data and programmed, but each neuron is programmed and continuously active.
{"title":"Analysis of Bidirectional Associative Memory of Neural Network Method in the String Recognition","authors":"A. Gupta, Y. Singh","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.34","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims that analysing neural network method in pattern recognition. A neural network is a processing device, whose design was inspired by the design and functioning of human brain and their components. The proposed solutions focus on applying Bidirectional Associative Memory method model for pattern recognition. The primary function of which is to retrieve in a pattern stored in memory, when an incomplete or noisy version of that pattern is presented. An associative memory is a storehouse of associated patterns that are encoded in some form. In auto-association, an input pattern is associated with itself and the states of input and output units coincide. When the storehouse is incited with a given distorted or partial pattern, the associated pattern pair stored in its perfect form is recalled. Pattern recognition techniques are associated a symbolic identity with the image of the pattern. This problem of replication of patterns by machines (computers) involves the machine printed patterns. There is no idle memory containing data and programmed, but each neuron is programmed and continuously active.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128557785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MEMS fabrication process is an inherently rugged technology and has great potential to bring forth novel solutions on the harsh environment and critical applications. This paper reports on a very high performance closed-loop MEMS accelerometer targeted at inertial navigation applications. Motivation of this paper is to develop a high resolution inertial grade closed loop Accelerometer using the MEMS sensor fabricated at LEOS. The MEMS sensor with comb type structure has a sensitivity of 6 pF / g. This paper reports on the design and detailed simulation of signal conditioning circuit for MEMS accelerometer using a 6th order Sigma-Delta IC ADS-1278 provided by Texas Instruments. The functionality and the performance of the system were studied by P-Spice simulation. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 97.8dB and effective number of bits (ENOB) of 16 bits over a measurement range of +/-1g was estimated with an over sampling ratio (OSR) of 128.
{"title":"Modeling and Simulation of High Performance Sixth Order Sigma-Delta MEMS Accelerometer","authors":"G. Saxena, V. Thamarai","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.113","url":null,"abstract":"MEMS fabrication process is an inherently rugged technology and has great potential to bring forth novel solutions on the harsh environment and critical applications. This paper reports on a very high performance closed-loop MEMS accelerometer targeted at inertial navigation applications. Motivation of this paper is to develop a high resolution inertial grade closed loop Accelerometer using the MEMS sensor fabricated at LEOS. The MEMS sensor with comb type structure has a sensitivity of 6 pF / g. This paper reports on the design and detailed simulation of signal conditioning circuit for MEMS accelerometer using a 6th order Sigma-Delta IC ADS-1278 provided by Texas Instruments. The functionality and the performance of the system were studied by P-Spice simulation. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 97.8dB and effective number of bits (ENOB) of 16 bits over a measurement range of +/-1g was estimated with an over sampling ratio (OSR) of 128.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"2009 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127335411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we derive few new quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes for four transmit antennas. These codes differ from each other and existing codes in character matrices and/or correlated values in character matrices. These codes can be constructed using elementary sub-matrices. We also derive corresponding maximum-likelihood decoders for the proposed codes. We observe that decoding complexity of some of these codes is less as compared to the rest of them for rectangular-QAM modulation. Bit error rate performance of these codes have been shown to be same as those of existing quasi-orthogonal space time block codes for four transmit antennas over quasi-static flat Rayleigh fading channels.
{"title":"Few More Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time Block Codes for Four Transmit Antennas","authors":"N. Thakur, S. S. Thakur, A. Gogoi","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.78","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we derive few new quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes for four transmit antennas. These codes differ from each other and existing codes in character matrices and/or correlated values in character matrices. These codes can be constructed using elementary sub-matrices. We also derive corresponding maximum-likelihood decoders for the proposed codes. We observe that decoding complexity of some of these codes is less as compared to the rest of them for rectangular-QAM modulation. Bit error rate performance of these codes have been shown to be same as those of existing quasi-orthogonal space time block codes for four transmit antennas over quasi-static flat Rayleigh fading channels.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127484896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we develop an improved minimization criterion for normalized least mean squares (NLMS) algorithm using past weight vectors and adaptive learning rate. The proposed criterion minimizes the summation of each squared Euclidean norm of difference between the currently updated weight vector and past weight vector. The result of the modified NLMS algorithm has lower misalignment than the conventional NLMS algorithm for various SNR. The simulation shows that the convergence rate of proposed NLMS algorithm is faster as the previous weight vectors and SNR increases.
{"title":"Modified Normalized Least Mean Square Algorithm with Improved Minimization Criterion","authors":"Manish D. Sawale, Ram Narayan Yadav","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.116","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we develop an improved minimization criterion for normalized least mean squares (NLMS) algorithm using past weight vectors and adaptive learning rate. The proposed criterion minimizes the summation of each squared Euclidean norm of difference between the currently updated weight vector and past weight vector. The result of the modified NLMS algorithm has lower misalignment than the conventional NLMS algorithm for various SNR. The simulation shows that the convergence rate of proposed NLMS algorithm is faster as the previous weight vectors and SNR increases.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129157242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Doriya, Parikshit Agarwal, P. Chakraborty, G. Nandi
Since HOAP series robots resemble human body structure, a HOAP robot is expected to interact with others in real-time. However, it has proven hard in terms of learning, recognition, and interaction in real-time. In this paper a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) is proposed, which learns gestures with segmentation and motion primitives, recognize gestures with created rule-based system in learning phase, and generate interactive gesture for HOAP-2 robot using real-world human interaction patterns. We also have a pre-processing element during gesture learning, which helps in better fuzzy rule generation and recognition with motion recognizer. Finally, at interactive gesture generation phase, some interactive parameters are incorporated to generate best possible response. We demonstrate the validity of proposed model with several interactive gestures of HOAP-2 robot in real-time.
{"title":"Gesture Recognition and Generation for HOAP-2 Robots by Fuzzy Inference System","authors":"R. Doriya, Parikshit Agarwal, P. Chakraborty, G. Nandi","doi":"10.1109/CICN.2011.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CICN.2011.84","url":null,"abstract":"Since HOAP series robots resemble human body structure, a HOAP robot is expected to interact with others in real-time. However, it has proven hard in terms of learning, recognition, and interaction in real-time. In this paper a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) is proposed, which learns gestures with segmentation and motion primitives, recognize gestures with created rule-based system in learning phase, and generate interactive gesture for HOAP-2 robot using real-world human interaction patterns. We also have a pre-processing element during gesture learning, which helps in better fuzzy rule generation and recognition with motion recognizer. Finally, at interactive gesture generation phase, some interactive parameters are incorporated to generate best possible response. We demonstrate the validity of proposed model with several interactive gestures of HOAP-2 robot in real-time.","PeriodicalId":292190,"journal":{"name":"2011 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130563481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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