Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.7591/9781501730252-004
{"title":"Introduction: Coming to Terms with Dark Pasts?","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501730252-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501730252-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":292609,"journal":{"name":"Dark Pasts","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126528895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.7591/9781501730252-014
{"title":"Appendix 2. Turkish High School History Textbooks Analyzed","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501730252-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501730252-014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":292609,"journal":{"name":"Dark Pasts","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131217529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.7591/9781501730252-011
{"title":"7. Unfreezing the Question of History (1998–2008)","authors":"","doi":"10.7591/9781501730252-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501730252-011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":292609,"journal":{"name":"Dark Pasts","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128012055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501730245.003.0007
Jennifer M. Dixon
This chapter analyzes Japan’s narrative over the course of the Cold War. The first phase of Japan’s narrative was characterized by silencing, mythmaking, and relativizing and lasted from the return of Japan’s sovereignty in 1952 until the beginning of negotiations to normalize relations with China in 1971. The second phase began in 1971 and extended through 1982. Alongside a continued focus on Japanese victimhood, the official narrative shifted to include general acknowledgment, along with vague expressions of regret. The third phase began in 1982 and ended with Emperor Hirohito’s death in early 1989. Overall, the official narrative more explicitly identified the Nanjing Massacre and Japan’s aggression, although the general tenor of acknowledgment remained vague. Broadly speaking, these changes arose from the normalization of relations between Japan and China, pressures from China and other victim states, and domestic contestation of “history issues” and war responsibility.
{"title":"6. “History Issues” in the Postwar Period (1952–1989)","authors":"Jennifer M. Dixon","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501730245.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501730245.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes Japan’s narrative over the course of the Cold War. The first phase of Japan’s narrative was characterized by silencing, mythmaking, and relativizing and lasted from the return of Japan’s sovereignty in 1952 until the beginning of negotiations to normalize relations with China in 1971. The second phase began in 1971 and extended through 1982. Alongside a continued focus on Japanese victimhood, the official narrative shifted to include general acknowledgment, along with vague expressions of regret. The third phase began in 1982 and ended with Emperor Hirohito’s death in early 1989. Overall, the official narrative more explicitly identified the Nanjing Massacre and Japan’s aggression, although the general tenor of acknowledgment remained vague. Broadly speaking, these changes arose from the normalization of relations between Japan and China, pressures from China and other victim states, and domestic contestation of “history issues” and war responsibility.","PeriodicalId":292609,"journal":{"name":"Dark Pasts","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129676842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-15DOI: 10.7591/CORNELL/9781501730245.003.0005
Jennifer M. Dixon
This chapter analyzes Turkey’s narrative of the Armenian Genocide over the period from 1994 to 2008. In the mid-1990s, subtle changes emerged in the tone and substance of the state’s narrative. Overall, however, despite major structural changes at the international level – including the end of the Cold War and Armenian independence – and the beginnings of domestic challenges to the state’s thesis, the content of the narrative was remarkably stable. These continuities stemmed in particular from feedback effects that reinforced domestic constraints on change. Beginning in 2001, the narrative shifted more substantially, coming to include a limited acknowledgment of Armenian deaths and suffering, while rationalizing these facts and continuing to reject the label “genocide.” These changes were made primarily in response to increased international recognition of the genocide and the broadening of domestic contestation questioning the official narrative, and reflected officials’ continued territorial and identity concerns.
{"title":"Playing Hardball (1994–2008)","authors":"Jennifer M. Dixon","doi":"10.7591/CORNELL/9781501730245.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/CORNELL/9781501730245.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes Turkey’s narrative of the Armenian Genocide over the period from 1994 to 2008. In the mid-1990s, subtle changes emerged in the tone and substance of the state’s narrative. Overall, however, despite major structural changes at the international level – including the end of the Cold War and Armenian independence – and the beginnings of domestic challenges to the state’s thesis, the content of the narrative was remarkably stable. These continuities stemmed in particular from feedback effects that reinforced domestic constraints on change. Beginning in 2001, the narrative shifted more substantially, coming to include a limited acknowledgment of Armenian deaths and suffering, while rationalizing these facts and continuing to reject the label “genocide.” These changes were made primarily in response to increased international recognition of the genocide and the broadening of domestic contestation questioning the official narrative, and reflected officials’ continued territorial and identity concerns.","PeriodicalId":292609,"journal":{"name":"Dark Pasts","volume":"78 5 Pt 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133638503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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