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Machine learning approach for filtering spam emails 过滤垃圾邮件的机器学习方法
Princy George, P. Vinod
An efficient email spam filtering system by selecting relevant features to reduce the dimensions has become a pivotal aspect in the field of machine learning based spam filtering. To deal with noisy features, TF-IDF-CF is chosen as the feature selection method in this study. The selected relevant feature sets are submitted to LibSVM and MNB classifiers to construct ham and spam models. An accuracy of 98.2612 with F-measure 0.9841 is obtained which depicts the effectiveness of proposed scheme.
选择相关特征降维的垃圾邮件过滤系统已成为基于机器学习的垃圾邮件过滤领域的关键研究方向。为了处理噪声特征,本研究选择TF-IDF-CF作为特征选择方法。将选择的相关特征集提交给LibSVM和MNB分类器来构建ham和spam模型。精度为98.2612,f值为0.9841,说明了该方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 4
Comparison between safety and efficient security of the ARP protocol ARP协议的安全性与高效安全性的比较
E. León, B. S. R. Daza, O. S. Parra
Due to the Stateless Property of the ARP protocol (It means that a response can be processed despite the request was never received), which introduces some security flaws that makes it vulnerable to various types of attacks resulting in leaks and/or damage of information, They have presented various feasible solutions, amongst these we find S-ARP (secure ARP) and ES-ARP (Secure and efficient ARP), these two, seek to resolve the failure of ARP security, changing and improving its original protocols and performing other configurations that are believed feasible to improve their security. In this article, we will execute an ARP poisoning in order to show the insecurity that the Protocol has, and to compare it against other alternatives, to show the safety of each of these. In conclusion ES-ARP and S-ARP are good choices to improve the safety of the ARP protocol, although is not 100% secure, since if they send the answer and then the poisoned ARP reply is sent before the actual one is received, and set on the cache memory, the victim stores the wrong response in the cache and discards the actual one. When the first ARP request is sent, the victim and the attacker receive the message. Who comes first will get the ARP cache of the victim.
由于ARP协议的无状态属性(这意味着响应可以被处理,尽管从未收到请求),这引入了一些安全漏洞,使其容易受到各种类型的攻击,导致信息泄漏和/或损坏,他们提出了各种可行的解决方案,其中我们发现S-ARP(安全ARP)和ES-ARP(安全有效的ARP),这两个,寻求解决ARP安全失败。更改和改进其原始协议,并执行其他被认为可行的配置,以提高其安全性。在本文中,我们将执行ARP中毒,以显示该协议具有的不安全性,并将其与其他替代方案进行比较,以显示每种方案的安全性。综上所述,ES-ARP和S-ARP是提高ARP协议安全性的好选择,尽管不是100%安全,因为如果它们发送答案,然后在收到实际的ARP应答之前发送有毒的ARP应答,并设置在缓存中,受害者将错误的响应存储在缓存中并丢弃实际的响应。发送第一个ARP请求时,受害者和攻击者都收到该消息。谁先到谁就能得到受害者的ARP缓存。
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引用次数: 2
The general model of secure computation system 安全计算系统的一般模型
L. Babenko, Philipp Burtyka, O. Makarevich, A. Trepacheva
The paper considers the problem of organization the computations over encrypted data. This problem has become increasingly important due to the expansion of the cloud computing and the need for suitable measures to protect it. Different primitives were proposed to solve the problem in a limited context, such as garbled circuits, fully homomorphic encryption, functional encryption, secure multiparty computations and so on. However, the development of real secure computing system requires some general theory for organization of secure computing, using a systemic approach. We propose to divide all the functionality that the secure computing system must support into the several layers; the interaction between them would be done through the interfaces. Presented six-layer analytical model under the title "Secure computing interface stack" ("SCIS") is intended to standardize and facilitate the work of researchers and developers in the field of cryptographically secure computing, i.e. such systems in which the untrusted parties process the sensitive data in encrypted form without decrypting at the any stage of processing. For each layer we outline the problems researchers deal with, reveal a range of issues that must be addressed, and provide a brief overview of the relative works. We survey and compare known secure computation systems analyzing them within our model and derive some new ideas for improvements of existing CSCS.
本文考虑了加密数据计算的组织问题。由于云计算的扩展和需要适当的措施来保护它,这个问题变得越来越重要。提出了不同的原语来解决有限环境下的问题,如乱码电路、完全同态加密、功能加密、安全多方计算等。然而,真正的安全计算系统的开发需要一些组织安全计算的通用理论,采用系统的方法。我们建议将安全计算系统必须支持的所有功能划分为几个层;它们之间的交互将通过接口完成。在“安全计算接口堆栈”(“SCIS”)的标题下提出的六层分析模型旨在标准化和促进研究人员和开发人员在加密安全计算领域的工作,即在这种系统中,不受信任的各方以加密形式处理敏感数据,而在处理的任何阶段都不进行解密。对于每一层,我们概述了研究人员处理的问题,揭示了一系列必须解决的问题,并提供了相关工作的简要概述。我们对已知的安全计算系统进行了调查和比较,并在我们的模型中进行了分析,得出了一些改进现有安全计算系统的新思路。
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引用次数: 0
DynaDroid: dynamic binary instrumentation based app behavior monitoring framework DynaDroid:基于动态二进制工具的应用程序行为监控框架
Bharat Buddhdev, R. Bhan, M. Gaur, V. Laxmi
Android OS market share has made it a feverish target of malicious attacks. Dynamic Binary Instrumentation (DBI) based tools are gaining prominence for behavioral program inspection, feature identification and virtual machine binary code translation. DBI has an advantage of being transparent, i.e. the application under inspection is never modified. In this paper we describe DynaDroid, DBI framework developed to build behavior based binary instrumentation methodology to effectively monitor Android Package (APK) behavior. Unlike the existing behavior monitoring approaches, the proposed DynaDroid reconstructs the Dalvik level and Java level semantics at a time. The proposed dynamic behavior approach can provide base for analyzing the native calls, Dalvik instructions and also generate profile for Java based API activity. We plan to build effective instrumentation framework to detect real malware with lightweight overhead.
Android操作系统的市场份额使其成为恶意攻击的狂热目标。基于动态二进制检测(DBI)的工具在行为程序检查、特征识别和虚拟机二进制代码翻译方面越来越突出。DBI具有透明的优点,即永远不会修改被检查的应用程序。在本文中,我们描述了DynaDroid, DBI框架开发,以建立基于行为的二进制工具方法论,以有效地监控Android包(APK)的行为。与现有的行为监控方法不同,所提出的DynaDroid一次重建Dalvik级别和Java级别的语义。所提出的动态行为方法可以为分析本机调用、Dalvik指令提供基础,也可以为基于Java的API活动生成概要文件。我们计划构建有效的检测框架,以轻量级的开销检测真正的恶意软件。
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引用次数: 1
Lightweight cryptography: modern development paradigms 轻量级密码学:现代开发范例
A. Zhukov
The escalating number of the most various intelligent devices having Internet connection will be the defining direction of development of the Internet for the next years. Already now 98.8% of all manufactured microprocessors are used in the embedded applications and only 1.2% -- in traditional computers. Along with traditional Internet devices, such as personal computers, laptops, smartphones, the Internet access have the devices of household appliances, transport, various sensors (including connected with processing of biometric data, personal information of medical character, etc.), and also the tags of radio-frequency identification (RFID). However there is a basic possibility of using of this technology for unauthorized obtaining of confidential information of personal character. So the former CIA director David Petraeus declared that data from the Internet-connected devices can be used for drawing up the most detailed file on any person. Thus, development information and the Internet of technologies will demand effective implementation of the information security algorithms providing confidentiality and integrity of data. It is obvious that cryptographic methods of information security form a basis of such safety. Feature is that they have to be applied to the most various intelligent devices which because of their activity conditions as well as cost constrains peculiar to mass production, are characterized by rigid restrictions on the used memory resources, computing power, power supplies, etc. that in turn conducts to restrictions on the used technologies and technological decisions. So, for example, strict restrictions are imposed on energy consumption of passive intelligent devices such as radio-frequency tags or contactless smart cards. Other restriction imposed on the hardware is a limit on number of the logical elements used in an algorithm chip. The report examines various approaches to the design of information security algorithms, effective for realization in the conditions of significantly limited resources such as radio-frequency tags, contactless smart cards, sensors, coprocessors for 8-bit processors etc.
具有互联网连接的各种智能设备数量的不断增加将是未来几年互联网发展的决定性方向。目前已经有98.8%的微处理器被用于嵌入式应用,而只有1.2%用于传统计算机。随着传统的互联网设备,如个人电脑,笔记本电脑,智能手机,互联网接入有家电设备,交通工具,各种传感器(包括连接处理生物特征数据,医疗特征的个人信息等),以及射频识别(RFID)的标签。然而,这种技术存在被用于未经授权获取个人机密信息的基本可能性。因此,前中央情报局局长大卫·彼得雷乌斯宣布,来自互联网连接设备的数据可以用来起草关于任何人的最详细的文件。因此,发展信息和互联网技术将要求有效实施信息安全算法,提供数据的保密性和完整性。显然,信息安全的加密方法构成了这种安全的基础。其特点是它们必须应用于各种各样的智能设备,这些设备由于其活动条件以及大规模生产特有的成本限制,其特点是对所使用的内存资源,计算能力,电源等进行严格限制,从而对所使用的技术和技术决策进行限制。因此,例如,对射频标签或非接触式智能卡等无源智能设备的能耗施加了严格的限制。对硬件施加的其他限制是对算法芯片中使用的逻辑元素数量的限制。该报告探讨了在资源有限的情况下有效实现信息安全算法的各种设计方法,如射频标签、非接触式智能卡、传感器、8位处理器的协处理器等。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of the impact of ethical issues on the management of the access rights 分析伦理问题对访问权管理的影响
André Rifaut, C. Feltus, S. Turki, D. Khadraoui
Nowadays, the evolution of the information system (IS) is very fast and companies have to manage a very huge amount of sensitive and critical information. Therefore, the information system managers are urged to accurately design their IS and to provide the accurate access rights to this information. In that regards, although the advantage of this strict definition of the IS, we observe that this evolution also tends to reduce and to limit the employees' personal initiatives to act and to behave for the well-being of the company, especially in the case of professional ethical reasons. In this context, this paper takes up the challenge to show to the information security specialists the importance of addressing ethical issues along the management of the access rights and proposes a model-based technical approach to face this problem.
如今,信息系统(IS)的发展非常迅速,公司必须管理非常大量的敏感和关键信息。因此,信息系统管理人员需要准确地设计他们的信息系统,并提供对这些信息的准确访问权限。在这方面,尽管对信息系统的严格定义有好处,但我们观察到,这种演变也往往会减少和限制员工为公司的福祉而采取行动和行为的个人主动性,特别是在职业道德原因的情况下。在此背景下,本文向信息安全专家展示了在访问权限管理过程中解决伦理问题的重要性,并提出了一种基于模型的技术方法来解决这一问题。
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引用次数: 2
Improvement of treeless signature schemes implementation by random oracle buffering 随机oracle缓冲对无树签名方案实现的改进
M. Anikeev
This study is devoted to the optimization of implementation of a recent treeless signature scheme called TSS12. It was shown earlier that the most computational complexity of TSS12 signing algorithm is provided by numerous calls to a Gaussian random oracle in undefined number of attempts to find a suitable masking vector. It is shown in this paper that a several hundred byte buffer of pre-generated random data is capable of providing significant acceleration of TSS12 signing algorithm. This fact is believed to be important for digital signature implementation on devices with limited computational capacities, such as wireless sensors.
本研究致力于优化最新的无树签名方案TSS12的实现。前面已经表明,TSS12签名算法的最大计算复杂度是通过在未定义次数的尝试中多次调用高斯随机oracle来找到合适的屏蔽向量。本文表明,几百字节的预生成随机数据缓冲区能够为TSS12签名算法提供显著的加速。这一事实对于在计算能力有限的设备(如无线传感器)上实现数字签名非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
The use of mobile devices in authentication 在身份验证中使用移动设备
R. Poet
The two main problems that make authentication difficult for users have been known for some time and result in a number of coping mechanisms. The first problem is that users need to provide a large number of passwords, leading to password reuse. The second problem is that it is difficult to find passwords and PINS that are both secure and memorable, leading to writing them down. One technical solution to the first problem is to use a password manager, but this gives a large amount of personal information to the organisation providing the password manager, leading to issues of trust. One technical solution to the second problem is to use graphical passwords, but they are less usable because of the long registration process. Mobile devices provide a different environment for authentication, with both advantages and disadvantages. One immediate difference is that these devices are mobile, meaning that authentication can be location based. They usually contain a camera and microphone and some input from these peripherals can also be used in authentication. Another difference is that users typically spend a lot of time with their mobile device, making the registration time for graphical passwords less of a problem, provided it was entertaining enough. Most mobile devices have a touch screen which can also be used to create graphical passwords if necessary. Mobile devices also have drawbacks, mainly that they are easily lost, stolen or accessed by someone else. Also, it is not possible to write a password down on a sticky note and attach it to the screen! Using the memo app or 'fake' contacts is vulnerable to being downloaded. I will talk about work done with Md. Sadek Ferdous on Federated Authentication Systems. We look at ways of giving users control over the attributes that they wish to reveal to the various parties to the system. We also look at aggregating attributes from different providers, creating dynamic federations. This is quite useful for mobile devices where portable personal ID providers can be aware of their context. Whether such systems will actually be adopted depends on the views of the various stakeholders, and I will briefly discuss this issue. I will also talk about work done with Salem Jebriel, Rose English, Hani Aljahdali and Soum Chowdhury on graphical passwords. We have focussed on recognition based graphical passwords, where the user has to recognise the pass-images they provided on registration among other distracter images. They are easier to use than other approaches and so more likely to be adopted. The images can either be created by the user on registration, or selected from a collection provided by the system. Both ways have their advantages and disadvantages. It is possible to quantify how secure each type of system is under a variety of attacks. One attack is to guess which images a person would have created or chosen based on other readily available information about the user. There are interesting effects of cultur
让用户难以进行身份验证的两个主要问题已经为人所知有一段时间了,并导致了许多应对机制。第一个问题是用户需要提供大量的密码,导致密码重复使用。第二个问题是,很难找到既安全又容易记住的密码和个人识别码,导致人们把它们写下来。第一个问题的一个技术解决方案是使用密码管理器,但这会向提供密码管理器的组织提供大量个人信息,从而导致信任问题。第二个问题的一个技术解决方案是使用图形密码,但由于注册过程漫长,它们的可用性较差。移动设备为身份验证提供了不同的环境,有优点也有缺点。一个直接的区别是,这些设备是移动的,这意味着身份验证可以基于位置。它们通常包含一个摄像头和麦克风,这些外设的一些输入也可以用于身份验证。另一个不同之处在于,用户通常会花很多时间在他们的移动设备上,这使得注册图形密码的时间不是一个问题,只要它足够有趣。大多数移动设备都有触摸屏,必要时还可以使用触摸屏创建图形密码。移动设备也有缺点,主要是它们很容易丢失、被盗或被其他人访问。此外,不可能在便利贴上写下密码并将其贴在屏幕上!使用备忘录应用程序或“假”联系人很容易被下载。我将讨论与Sadek Ferdous博士在联邦身份验证系统上所做的工作。我们研究了让用户控制他们希望向系统的各方显示的属性的方法。我们还研究了聚合来自不同提供者的属性,创建动态联合。这对于移动设备非常有用,因为便携式个人ID提供程序可以了解它们的上下文。这些制度是否会被采纳,取决于各持份者的意见,我将简要讨论这个问题。我还将讨论与Salem Jebriel, Rose English, Hani Aljahdali和Soum Chowdhury在图形密码方面所做的工作。我们专注于基于图形密码的识别,用户必须识别在其他干扰图像中注册时提供的通行证图像。它们比其他方法更容易使用,因此更有可能被采用。这些图像可以由用户在注册时创建,也可以从系统提供的集合中选择。两种方式都有各自的优点和缺点。可以量化每种类型的系统在各种攻击下的安全程度。一种攻击是根据其他现成的用户信息猜测用户会创建或选择哪些图像。文化、性别和选择干扰图像的方式会产生有趣的影响。如果图形密码被广泛采用,而没有使用联邦系统,那么记住多个图形密码就会成为一个问题。我将讨论使用多个图形密码的实验,以及如何给出通过提示来缓解问题。
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引用次数: 0
A Production Model System for Detecting Vulnerabilities in the Software Source Code 软件源代码漏洞检测的生产模型系统
A. Barabanov, A. Markov, Andrey Fadin, V. Tsirlov
This paper is devoted to static analysis of the software code security. We suggest using heuristic static code analysis to detect a full spectrum of vulnerabilities, including backdoors. Production rules are suggested for use to formalize heuristics for detection of vulnerabilities. We developed a conceptual system of production models for detection of a full spectrum of vulnerabilities in the software code. This paper provides examples of heuristic formalization for detection of certain vulnerabilities classified subject to CWE register. It also provides a brief statistics of application of the suggested heuristic analysis in the study of the software code security.
本文致力于软件代码安全性的静态分析。我们建议使用启发式静态代码分析来检测各种漏洞,包括后门。建议使用生成规则形式化检测漏洞的启发式方法。我们开发了一个生产模型的概念系统,用于检测软件代码中的各种漏洞。本文提供了启发式形式化的例子,用于检测某些属于CWE寄存器的漏洞。简要介绍了启发式分析方法在软件代码安全性研究中的应用情况。
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引用次数: 0
Access control model D-TBAC subject to the requirements to tasks' performing 访问控制模型D-TBAC取决于任务执行的要求
Sergey Lapin
This article describes the access control model D-TBAC which extends TBAC. The presented model takes into account the requirements for the tasks performance. Model elements, properties, and rules of conditions' transformation are defined formally
本文介绍了扩展了TBAC的访问控制模型D-TBAC。所提出的模型考虑了任务性能的需求。正式定义了模型元素、属性和条件转换规则
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引用次数: 6
期刊
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks
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