Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/giscience2021_01_s228
Yunya Gao, S. Lang, D. Tiede, L. Wendt, Getachew Workineh Gella
Satellite imagery is an important information source for research on remote sensing (RS)based humanitarian applications. The selection of satellite imagery is one of the most important steps for such research. This paper firstly shows the selection of satellite imagery in past research from 2015 to 2021. It can be found that most research on land cover and land use (LCLU) change caused by conflicts or refugees/internally displaced persons (IDPs) chose medium spatial resolution (MSR) imagery. Most research on dwelling detection of refugee/IDP camps applied high or very high spatial resolution (HSR/VHSR) imagery. There is much research that applied multiple types of satellite imagery for humanitarian applications. Then, the paper presents general characteristics of commonly available optical satellite imagery. Next, with the development of sensors, this paper suggests that data fusion of SPOT5 and Sentinel-2 may be helpful in LCLU change detection caused by refugees/IDPs or conflicts. Smallsat imagery may be promising for research on humanitarian applications that require a high temporal frequency of imagery.
{"title":"Suggestions on the Selection of Satellite Imagery for Future Remote Sensing-Based Humanitarian Applications","authors":"Yunya Gao, S. Lang, D. Tiede, L. Wendt, Getachew Workineh Gella","doi":"10.1553/giscience2021_01_s228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2021_01_s228","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite imagery is an important information source for research on remote sensing (RS)based humanitarian applications. The selection of satellite imagery is one of the most important steps for such research. This paper firstly shows the selection of satellite imagery in past research from 2015 to 2021. It can be found that most research on land cover and land use (LCLU) change caused by conflicts or refugees/internally displaced persons (IDPs) chose medium spatial resolution (MSR) imagery. Most research on dwelling detection of refugee/IDP camps applied high or very high spatial resolution (HSR/VHSR) imagery. There is much research that applied multiple types of satellite imagery for humanitarian applications. Then, the paper presents general characteristics of commonly available optical satellite imagery. Next, with the development of sensors, this paper suggests that data fusion of SPOT5 and Sentinel-2 may be helpful in LCLU change detection caused by refugees/IDPs or conflicts. Smallsat imagery may be promising for research on humanitarian applications that require a high temporal frequency of imagery.","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87054552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For more sustainable urban behaviour and mobility, innovative methods are needed to change behaviour. We discuss the results of an explorative study of the use of a personal mobility tracker (a digital, data-based tool) to motivate users to adopt a more sustainable city lifestyle. We examine motivational techniques that can influence citizens’ personal mobility on a day-to-day basis. Using a personal mobility app that incorporates gamified elements and nudging, citizens become part of a community. They are motivated to cycle more and to explore sustainable services in the city through tours and visiting points of interest. We present the first results of a trial of this mobile app: characteristics of users, and empirical data that indicate a change in cycling behaviour. We also show effects of nudging on personal mobility.
{"title":"Innovation for Sustainable Cities: The Effects of Nudging and Gamification Methods on Urban Mobility and Sustainability Behaviour","authors":"Claudia Luger-Bazinger, Veronika Hornung-Prähauser","doi":"10.1553/giscience2021_02_s251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2021_02_s251","url":null,"abstract":"For more sustainable urban behaviour and mobility, innovative methods are needed to change behaviour. We discuss the results of an explorative study of the use of a personal mobility tracker (a digital, data-based tool) to motivate users to adopt a more sustainable city lifestyle. We examine motivational techniques that can influence citizens’ personal mobility on a day-to-day basis. Using a personal mobility app that incorporates gamified elements and nudging, citizens become part of a community. They are motivated to cycle more and to explore sustainable services in the city through tours and visiting points of interest. We present the first results of a trial of this mobile app: characteristics of users, and empirical data that indicate a change in cycling behaviour. We also show effects of nudging on personal mobility.","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86974718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/giscience2021_01_s220
Getachew Workineh Gella, L. Wendt, S. Lang, Andreas Braun, D. Tiede, Barbara Hofer, Yunya Gao, B. Riedler, Ahmad Alobaidi, Gina Schwendemann
{"title":"Testing Transferability of Deep-Learning-Based Dwelling Extraction in Refugee Camps","authors":"Getachew Workineh Gella, L. Wendt, S. Lang, Andreas Braun, D. Tiede, Barbara Hofer, Yunya Gao, B. Riedler, Ahmad Alobaidi, Gina Schwendemann","doi":"10.1553/giscience2021_01_s220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2021_01_s220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76558269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/giscience2021_01_s143
Filippo Iodice, Federica D’Acunto, L. Bigagli
{"title":"Monitoring Land Degradation from Space","authors":"Filippo Iodice, Federica D’Acunto, L. Bigagli","doi":"10.1553/giscience2021_01_s143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2021_01_s143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83095414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/giscience2021_02_s228
Meng-Chin Tsai, S. van Gasselt, Tzu–Chin Lin
In urban policy development and transport planning, car parking has become a crucial topic, as an ill-designed system could lead to traffic congestion, safety problems, increased air pollution and other challenges, particularly in densely populated urban areas. Adjusting parking fees has been deemed the most effective tool to control parking behaviour for selected locations, in order to attract or repel drivers. However, in order to select target areas efficiently, and before any recommendation for fee adjustment is made, an analysis of the current parking situation and the identification of variables influencing parking behaviour
{"title":"Towards Sustainable Urban Car–Parking Solutions: Exploring Effects of Parking Policies Using Spatial Regression Analysis","authors":"Meng-Chin Tsai, S. van Gasselt, Tzu–Chin Lin","doi":"10.1553/giscience2021_02_s228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2021_02_s228","url":null,"abstract":"In urban policy development and transport planning, car parking has become a crucial topic, as an ill-designed system could lead to traffic congestion, safety problems, increased air pollution and other challenges, particularly in densely populated urban areas. Adjusting parking fees has been deemed the most effective tool to control parking behaviour for selected locations, in order to attract or repel drivers. However, in order to select target areas efficiently, and before any recommendation for fee adjustment is made, an analysis of the current parking situation and the identification of variables influencing parking behaviour","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79389301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/giscience2021_02_s202
G. Mohiuddin, J. Mund
{"title":"Application of Land Surface Temperature Analysis in Urban Green Spaces: Case Studies from South Asia","authors":"G. Mohiuddin, J. Mund","doi":"10.1553/giscience2021_02_s202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2021_02_s202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73771135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/giscience2021_02_s152
Mohammad Mustafa Sa'doun, C. Lippitt, Gernot Paulus, Karl-Heinrich Anders
Waterfowl monitoring is an important task for understanding waterfowl distribution and habitats. Surveying approaches using hyper-spatial airborne imagery, collected by small unoccupied aerial systems (sUAS), hold potential to overcome the limitations of traditional methods while improving count efficiency and reliability. Difficulties obtaining waterfowl counts, particularly in complex image scenes, from the high quantity of imagery required hinders deployment of large-scale surveys. In this paper, we test Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to understand their potential and how they behave across different versions of our waterfowl dataset. Three CNN architectures (YOLO, Retinanet and Faster RCNN) were trained on 3 hierarchical levels: waterfowl detection (True / False), waterfowl type (3 classes), and waterfowl species (8 classes). The architectures generally performed well, and results indicate that automated waterfowl detection in complex environments, and therefore enumeration, is feasible using current technology. Waterfowl identification in complex environments was not successful using the available training data, but we propose steps that might enhance the results.
{"title":"A Comparison of Convolutional Neural Network Architectures for Automated Detection and Identification of Waterfowl in Complex Environments","authors":"Mohammad Mustafa Sa'doun, C. Lippitt, Gernot Paulus, Karl-Heinrich Anders","doi":"10.1553/giscience2021_02_s152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2021_02_s152","url":null,"abstract":"Waterfowl monitoring is an important task for understanding waterfowl distribution and habitats. Surveying approaches using hyper-spatial airborne imagery, collected by small unoccupied aerial systems (sUAS), hold potential to overcome the limitations of traditional methods while improving count efficiency and reliability. Difficulties obtaining waterfowl counts, particularly in complex image scenes, from the high quantity of imagery required hinders deployment of large-scale surveys. In this paper, we test Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to understand their potential and how they behave across different versions of our waterfowl dataset. Three CNN architectures (YOLO, Retinanet and Faster RCNN) were trained on 3 hierarchical levels: waterfowl detection (True / False), waterfowl type (3 classes), and waterfowl species (8 classes). The architectures generally performed well, and results indicate that automated waterfowl detection in complex environments, and therefore enumeration, is feasible using current technology. Waterfowl identification in complex environments was not successful using the available training data, but we propose steps that might enhance the results.","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90515111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.1553/giscience2021_02_s242
Victoria Fast, Jiaao Guo
As the COVID-19 crisis has forced people to adhere to social distancing, the proximity to each other of pedestrians on the sidewalk suddenly becomes meaningful: do pedestrians have enough space to safely move within cities? With decades of urban planning prioritizing roads and automobiles, the answer is ‘no’. Cities all over the world have been forced to make urgent changes to pedestrian infrastructure in order to make it safe for people to move about public spaces during the pandemic. In this study, using the sidewalk infrastructure from the Canadian city of Calgary as an example, we model sidewalk widths and then analyse the spatial patterns across the city. Our results reveal that Calgary's sidewalk widths vary substantially and form clusters of narrow sidewalks among residential zones, while wide sidewalks are typically found in downtown, and in some parks and recreational areas. We recommend that the City of Calgary, and all cities, re-evaluate their sidewalk and pathway development patterns, and upgrade sidewalk infrastructures in those narrowsidewalk communities. By developing more robust methods for modelling and analysing sidewalk width, paired with adequate sidewalk data, cities can make informed decisions that lead to more inclusive, pedestrian-safe, cities.
{"title":"Putting Pedestrians First: Sidewalk Infrastructures, Width Patterns and COVID–19","authors":"Victoria Fast, Jiaao Guo","doi":"10.1553/giscience2021_02_s242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2021_02_s242","url":null,"abstract":"As the COVID-19 crisis has forced people to adhere to social distancing, the proximity to each other of pedestrians on the sidewalk suddenly becomes meaningful: do pedestrians have enough space to safely move within cities? With decades of urban planning prioritizing roads and automobiles, the answer is ‘no’. Cities all over the world have been forced to make urgent changes to pedestrian infrastructure in order to make it safe for people to move about public spaces during the pandemic. In this study, using the sidewalk infrastructure from the Canadian city of Calgary as an example, we model sidewalk widths and then analyse the spatial patterns across the city. Our results reveal that Calgary's sidewalk widths vary substantially and form clusters of narrow sidewalks among residential zones, while wide sidewalks are typically found in downtown, and in some parks and recreational areas. We recommend that the City of Calgary, and all cities, re-evaluate their sidewalk and pathway development patterns, and upgrade sidewalk infrastructures in those narrowsidewalk communities. By developing more robust methods for modelling and analysing sidewalk width, paired with adequate sidewalk data, cities can make informed decisions that lead to more inclusive, pedestrian-safe, cities.","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89185263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-25DOI: 10.1553/giscience2020_01_s32
A. Dorn, R. R. Souza, B. Piringer, E. Wandl-Vogt
In addition to their purely linguistic content, legacy language collections often contain other information, such as geographical and spatial details, e.g. locations, regions and municipalities. Such information may offer valuable insights into the linguistic landscape, but it may also pose challenges when some aspects remain ambiguous. This paper outlines and discusses various known and unknown uncertainties of spatial aspects contained in a non-standard German language legacy dataset (DBO) that has undergone several stages of data conversion since the early nineties. The authors introduce and discuss their taxonomy of uncertainties, exemplified by applying it to the spatial information contained in the DBO, the origins of which date back one hundred years. Finally, the authors discuss how the uncertainties found in the dataset affect Digital Humanities practice more widely.
{"title":"Uncertain Spaces, Uncertain Places. Dealing with Geographic Information in Digital Humanities: The Example of a Language Legacy Dataset","authors":"A. Dorn, R. R. Souza, B. Piringer, E. Wandl-Vogt","doi":"10.1553/giscience2020_01_s32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2020_01_s32","url":null,"abstract":"In addition to their purely linguistic content, legacy language collections often contain other information, such as geographical and spatial details, e.g. locations, regions and municipalities. Such information may offer valuable insights into the linguistic landscape, but it may also pose challenges when some aspects remain ambiguous. This paper outlines and discusses various known and unknown uncertainties of spatial aspects contained in a non-standard German language legacy dataset (DBO) that has undergone several stages of data conversion since the early nineties. The authors introduce and discuss their taxonomy of uncertainties, exemplified by applying it to the spatial information contained in the DBO, the origins of which date back one hundred years. Finally, the authors discuss how the uncertainties found in the dataset affect Digital Humanities practice more widely.","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86789172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1553/giscience2020_01_s3
S. Hennig, L. Abad, D. Hölbling, D. Tiede
To exploit the potential of geo citizen science, technological solutions are needed that are tailored to the requirements of citizens and scientists. To create suitable solutions, participatory design is a valuable means. While information on techniques for requirementgathering in cooperation with future solution users exists, less knowledge is available regarding tools for creating solutions together with future solution users. One tool used in a professional setting is ESRI’s Survey123 for ArcGIS. The suitability of Survey123 for ArcGIS to implement geo citizen science solutions was evaluated within the citizenMorph project. The experiences showed that by using Survey123 for ArcGIS most requirements were met, but citizens faced a number of challenges using the citizenMorph solution developed.
{"title":"Implementing Geo Citizen Science Solutions: Experiences from the citizenMorph Project","authors":"S. Hennig, L. Abad, D. Hölbling, D. Tiede","doi":"10.1553/giscience2020_01_s3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1553/giscience2020_01_s3","url":null,"abstract":"To exploit the potential of geo citizen science, technological solutions are needed that are tailored to the requirements of citizens and scientists. To create suitable solutions, participatory design is a valuable means. While information on techniques for requirementgathering in cooperation with future solution users exists, less knowledge is available regarding tools for creating solutions together with future solution users. One tool used in a professional setting is ESRI’s Survey123 for ArcGIS. The suitability of Survey123 for ArcGIS to implement geo citizen science solutions was evaluated within the citizenMorph project. The experiences showed that by using Survey123 for ArcGIS most requirements were met, but citizens faced a number of challenges using the citizenMorph solution developed.","PeriodicalId":29645,"journal":{"name":"GI_Forum","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88238269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：