Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618762
Sabiq Muhtadi, A. Chowdhury, Rezwana R Razzaque, Ahmad Shafiullah
In this paper we analyze the capability of texture features extracted from Nakagami parametric images for the classification of breast cancer. Nakagami parametric maps were generated from ultrasound envelope images using a sliding window of length 0.75mm and 0.0385mm increment (95% overlap). Next, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) techniques were applied to the parametric maps in order to extract texture features. These texture features were utilized for the classification of breast lesions. An Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.90 and a sensitivity of 88.5% was obtained, suggesting that texture features derived from Nakagami parametric images have the potential to play an important role in the early diagnosis of breast cancer.
本文分析了从Nakagami参数图像中提取的纹理特征用于乳腺癌分类的能力。采用长度为0.75mm和增量为0.0385mm的滑动窗口(95%重叠)，从超声包膜图像中生成Nakagami参数图。其次，将灰度共生矩阵(GLCM)技术应用于参数映射，提取纹理特征;这些纹理特征被用于乳腺病变的分类。受试者工作特征曲线下面积(Area under Receiver Operating characteristic curve, AUC)为0.90，灵敏度为88.5%，表明基于Nakagami参数图像的纹理特征在乳腺癌早期诊断中具有重要的应用价值。
{"title":"Analyzing the Texture of Nakagami Parametric Images for Classification of Breast Cancer","authors":"Sabiq Muhtadi, A. Chowdhury, Rezwana R Razzaque, Ahmad Shafiullah","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618762","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we analyze the capability of texture features extracted from Nakagami parametric images for the classification of breast cancer. Nakagami parametric maps were generated from ultrasound envelope images using a sliding window of length 0.75mm and 0.0385mm increment (95% overlap). Next, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) techniques were applied to the parametric maps in order to extract texture features. These texture features were utilized for the classification of breast lesions. An Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.90 and a sensitivity of 88.5% was obtained, suggesting that texture features derived from Nakagami parametric images have the potential to play an important role in the early diagnosis of breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"58 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121757885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618746
Mushikiwabeza Alexie, M. Malarvili
Capnography provides a graphical representation of the CO$_{mathbf{2}}$ concentration in the exhaled gases. There are different methods that are used to extract time domain features of capnogram. However, those methods are manual and only suitable for normal and asthmatic capnograms. Frequency domain method is mostly used to analyze physiological signals, by assuming that those signals are stationary. Note that numerous physiological phenomena are characterized by dynamical properties. Identifying the nature of the signal is a preliminary stage which can enable to select suitable signal processing method. In this study, stationarity of capnogram signal was tested by analyzing statistical characteristics of the time series of the carbon dioxide samples recorded from normal subjects, and patients with complaint of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary edema. Analysis of the spectral components of capnogram was performed using Fourier transform. The results show that there is a slight change in the statistical properties of the time series. Suggesting that capnogram can be considered as a quasi-stationary signal. Besides, analysis of capnogram based on the number of main lobes and side lobes can help to examine how changes in the spectral properties of capnogram relates to the respiratory status of the person, which can subsequentially help to discriminate normal from abnormal capnograms, and thus classify different respiratory diseases. This study may provide the key insight while identifying the proper signal processing method to analyze capnogram waveform.
{"title":"Investigation on Properties of Capnogram: On Stationarity and Spectral Components of the Signal","authors":"Mushikiwabeza Alexie, M. Malarvili","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618746","url":null,"abstract":"Capnography provides a graphical representation of the CO$_{mathbf{2}}$ concentration in the exhaled gases. There are different methods that are used to extract time domain features of capnogram. However, those methods are manual and only suitable for normal and asthmatic capnograms. Frequency domain method is mostly used to analyze physiological signals, by assuming that those signals are stationary. Note that numerous physiological phenomena are characterized by dynamical properties. Identifying the nature of the signal is a preliminary stage which can enable to select suitable signal processing method. In this study, stationarity of capnogram signal was tested by analyzing statistical characteristics of the time series of the carbon dioxide samples recorded from normal subjects, and patients with complaint of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary edema. Analysis of the spectral components of capnogram was performed using Fourier transform. The results show that there is a slight change in the statistical properties of the time series. Suggesting that capnogram can be considered as a quasi-stationary signal. Besides, analysis of capnogram based on the number of main lobes and side lobes can help to examine how changes in the spectral properties of capnogram relates to the respiratory status of the person, which can subsequentially help to discriminate normal from abnormal capnograms, and thus classify different respiratory diseases. This study may provide the key insight while identifying the proper signal processing method to analyze capnogram waveform.","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134348526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618766
Tanusree De, Ahmeduvesh Mevawala, Ramyasri Nemani
Hospital readmission is undesirable for all the involved parties, the patient, the hospital and the insurer. Readmission put patients at-risk for hospital acquired infections, medical errors and unfavorable outcomes. For hospitals, it leads to a gradual increase in operating expenses. For payers, readmission means additional cost. So, predicting the possibility of patient readmission is very critical and highly relevant for all the parties involved. There are powerful machine learning algorithms, like Random Forest, XGBoost, Neural Net that can be used to develop the predictive model to predict the probability of patient readmission. However, these models are all black box; they can give the prediction with high accuracy; however, they do not explain how they arrived at the prediction. Herein comes the role of Explainable AI. In this paper, we have developed a novel model-specific local explanation methodology to derive explanation at an individual patient level, considering the inner learning process of a Random-Forest model. The derived explanations from proposed methodology are human-interpretable irrespective of the complexities of the underlying Random-Forest model and the explanations provide guidance to the doctor for prescribing the necessary remedy to the patient to prevent him/her from readmission within thirty days of discharge.
{"title":"An Explainable AI powered Early Warning System to address Patient Readmission Risk","authors":"Tanusree De, Ahmeduvesh Mevawala, Ramyasri Nemani","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618766","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital readmission is undesirable for all the involved parties, the patient, the hospital and the insurer. Readmission put patients at-risk for hospital acquired infections, medical errors and unfavorable outcomes. For hospitals, it leads to a gradual increase in operating expenses. For payers, readmission means additional cost. So, predicting the possibility of patient readmission is very critical and highly relevant for all the parties involved. There are powerful machine learning algorithms, like Random Forest, XGBoost, Neural Net that can be used to develop the predictive model to predict the probability of patient readmission. However, these models are all black box; they can give the prediction with high accuracy; however, they do not explain how they arrived at the prediction. Herein comes the role of Explainable AI. In this paper, we have developed a novel model-specific local explanation methodology to derive explanation at an individual patient level, considering the inner learning process of a Random-Forest model. The derived explanations from proposed methodology are human-interpretable irrespective of the complexities of the underlying Random-Forest model and the explanations provide guidance to the doctor for prescribing the necessary remedy to the patient to prevent him/her from readmission within thirty days of discharge.","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133907062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618720
N. Nizam, M. Mazlan, N. Salleh, Muhammad Anas Razali, A. H. Abdullah, M. H. Jalil, H. Takano, Nur Dalilah Diyana Nordin
This study investigates the effect of the Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF) cage’s material on the strength and stability of the cage. The lumbar vertebrae L2-L3 unit finite element model was developed from computed tomography (CT) scan images in 3D Slicer software. The PLIF cage model was constructed using Solidworks software. The models were assigned with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polylactic acid (PLA) materials. The models were implanted and analyzed in Ansys Workbench Software by applying external preload, compression load and other load conditions to mimic the spine physiological motions under static and dynamic analysis. The von Mises stress and maximum principal stress were observed and analyzed to evaluate their strength and stability. In addition, the percentage differences between the von Mises stress and yield strength of the material and between the maximum principal stress and critical strength of the material were calculated. The PEEK cage produced higher von Mises stresses than the PLA cage for the static analysis. However, the PEEK cage exhibited lower percentage differences than the PLA cage. This result indicates that the PEEK cage has the superior structural integrity to the PLA interbody cage. The results from the dynamic analysis showed that both cages exhibited extremely low von Mises stresses and similar curve patterns. These results indicate that both cages are stable and do not pose harmful health implications. Thus, PLA can be considered an alternative material for the cage because it is more cost-effective than the PEEK material, and stresses generated were far lower than the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the material.
{"title":"Design and analysis of interbody fusion cage materials based on finite element analysis","authors":"N. Nizam, M. Mazlan, N. Salleh, Muhammad Anas Razali, A. H. Abdullah, M. H. Jalil, H. Takano, Nur Dalilah Diyana Nordin","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618720","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of the Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF) cage’s material on the strength and stability of the cage. The lumbar vertebrae L2-L3 unit finite element model was developed from computed tomography (CT) scan images in 3D Slicer software. The PLIF cage model was constructed using Solidworks software. The models were assigned with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polylactic acid (PLA) materials. The models were implanted and analyzed in Ansys Workbench Software by applying external preload, compression load and other load conditions to mimic the spine physiological motions under static and dynamic analysis. The von Mises stress and maximum principal stress were observed and analyzed to evaluate their strength and stability. In addition, the percentage differences between the von Mises stress and yield strength of the material and between the maximum principal stress and critical strength of the material were calculated. The PEEK cage produced higher von Mises stresses than the PLA cage for the static analysis. However, the PEEK cage exhibited lower percentage differences than the PLA cage. This result indicates that the PEEK cage has the superior structural integrity to the PLA interbody cage. The results from the dynamic analysis showed that both cages exhibited extremely low von Mises stresses and similar curve patterns. These results indicate that both cages are stable and do not pose harmful health implications. Thus, PLA can be considered an alternative material for the cage because it is more cost-effective than the PEEK material, and stresses generated were far lower than the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the material.","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129083371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618709
Nur Amalina Has, M. N. Jamaludin, Sujana Mohd Rejab, Zulkifli Ahmad, Nurul Farha Zainuddin, A. H. Abdul Salam, Chu Ai Reen, M. A. As’ari
Haptic sensation research based on the event’s related potential (ERP) has been carried out extensively in order to help amputees to be able feel and control their prosthetic hand. Clinically, somatosensory evoked potential is suggested in the pain-related evoked potential and able to control a computer using a brain to computer interface system called BCI. Somatosensory response can be evoked by tactile vibrators whether it is directly and indirect contact with skin. Somatosensory evoked potential has been reported to have lower signal to noise ratio compared to the common visual evoked potential. P300 based on somatosensory evoked potential were discovered as a benchmark that a person will generate P300 whenever decision making as simple as lift their finger take place. The aim of this paper is to identify the best location of the upper limb for tactile haptic placement and investigating whether the vibration motor haptic tactile setup reflect on the P300 somatosensory response from encephalography recordings. Results show that most of the subjects correctly guesses during upper arm position of haptic tactile feedback than the lower arm position. The vibration motor haptic tactile feedback setup was validated via experiment with mental task in order to elicit P300 somatosensory event related potential (ERP).
{"title":"P300 Somatosensory Validation of Vibrotactile Haptic Feedback for Upper Limb Prosthesis","authors":"Nur Amalina Has, M. N. Jamaludin, Sujana Mohd Rejab, Zulkifli Ahmad, Nurul Farha Zainuddin, A. H. Abdul Salam, Chu Ai Reen, M. A. As’ari","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618709","url":null,"abstract":"Haptic sensation research based on the event’s related potential (ERP) has been carried out extensively in order to help amputees to be able feel and control their prosthetic hand. Clinically, somatosensory evoked potential is suggested in the pain-related evoked potential and able to control a computer using a brain to computer interface system called BCI. Somatosensory response can be evoked by tactile vibrators whether it is directly and indirect contact with skin. Somatosensory evoked potential has been reported to have lower signal to noise ratio compared to the common visual evoked potential. P300 based on somatosensory evoked potential were discovered as a benchmark that a person will generate P300 whenever decision making as simple as lift their finger take place. The aim of this paper is to identify the best location of the upper limb for tactile haptic placement and investigating whether the vibration motor haptic tactile setup reflect on the P300 somatosensory response from encephalography recordings. Results show that most of the subjects correctly guesses during upper arm position of haptic tactile feedback than the lower arm position. The vibration motor haptic tactile feedback setup was validated via experiment with mental task in order to elicit P300 somatosensory event related potential (ERP).","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129431085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618708
Iman Nur Alissa Md Rosli, S. Shuib, A. Shokri, A. Ghani, Najwa Syakirah Hamizan, Iffa Mohd Arrif
The hip joint gives stability to the whole human structure making it an important part of the human body that provides the ability to carry out various everyday work such as walking and running. Although hip joint replacement is commonly and successfully performed, an increased number of younger and active patients widens the range of motion of patients leading to the need for a longer lifetime of the replacement joint. This matter puts a challenge to the orthopedic surgical procedures that is needed to be overcome. This paper studies the effect of gait activity and loading acting across the joint by using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to evaluate the total deformation and von Mises stress distribution of the hip implant. Alongside, structural analysis is conducted to evaluate a better implant design that has less stress distribution which is lesser than its yielded strength to avoid implant failure. FEA was performed using Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) software of ANSYS by static structural analysis to study the mechanical behaviors of 3-dimensional hip implant models with the femoral design being loaded with forces ranging from 2.5 to 6.4 kN. Obtained results show von Mises stress distribution ranging from 400-1000 MPa of different gait activities, most cases are notably lower than the yield stress value of titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V (860 MPa). This work revealed the critical stress concentration located on the hip implant by numerical analysis with lesser stress values than the yielded strength that offers to improve optimization of implant design and life expectancy to avoid the hip implant revision in active patients.
{"title":"Development of Hip Implant: Gait Study and Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Iman Nur Alissa Md Rosli, S. Shuib, A. Shokri, A. Ghani, Najwa Syakirah Hamizan, Iffa Mohd Arrif","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618708","url":null,"abstract":"The hip joint gives stability to the whole human structure making it an important part of the human body that provides the ability to carry out various everyday work such as walking and running. Although hip joint replacement is commonly and successfully performed, an increased number of younger and active patients widens the range of motion of patients leading to the need for a longer lifetime of the replacement joint. This matter puts a challenge to the orthopedic surgical procedures that is needed to be overcome. This paper studies the effect of gait activity and loading acting across the joint by using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to evaluate the total deformation and von Mises stress distribution of the hip implant. Alongside, structural analysis is conducted to evaluate a better implant design that has less stress distribution which is lesser than its yielded strength to avoid implant failure. FEA was performed using Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) software of ANSYS by static structural analysis to study the mechanical behaviors of 3-dimensional hip implant models with the femoral design being loaded with forces ranging from 2.5 to 6.4 kN. Obtained results show von Mises stress distribution ranging from 400-1000 MPa of different gait activities, most cases are notably lower than the yield stress value of titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V (860 MPa). This work revealed the critical stress concentration located on the hip implant by numerical analysis with lesser stress values than the yielded strength that offers to improve optimization of implant design and life expectancy to avoid the hip implant revision in active patients.","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126454289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618765
S. Usman, F. Rusli, N. Noor, S. A. M. Aris, M. N. Muhtazaruddin, Sharifah Alwiah Syed Abd Rahman, N. Bani
Malaysian indigenous people, locally known as Orang Asli, live in remote forest areas for centuries and rely heavily on agriculture for their daily subsistence. The association of nutritional status with hand grip and pinch strength readings among adults in Orang Asli community is investigated in this preliminary study. The nutritional status of the participants, as well as their hand grip and pinch strength, are assessed using a cross-sectional design. Patients who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition are identified using a validated nutritional risk screening, also known as the Malnutritional Universal Screening Tool (MUST). An independent t-test compares the means of the hand grip and pinch strength readings with MUST risk group. A p-value of 0.05 or less is considered statistically significant. It is evident that there is a similar of hand grip and pinch strength reading between medium and high risk group of MUST score.
{"title":"Association of Hand Grip and Pinch Strength Reading with Nutritional Health Status Among Orang Asli in Perak, Malaysia","authors":"S. Usman, F. Rusli, N. Noor, S. A. M. Aris, M. N. Muhtazaruddin, Sharifah Alwiah Syed Abd Rahman, N. Bani","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618765","url":null,"abstract":"Malaysian indigenous people, locally known as Orang Asli, live in remote forest areas for centuries and rely heavily on agriculture for their daily subsistence. The association of nutritional status with hand grip and pinch strength readings among adults in Orang Asli community is investigated in this preliminary study. The nutritional status of the participants, as well as their hand grip and pinch strength, are assessed using a cross-sectional design. Patients who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition are identified using a validated nutritional risk screening, also known as the Malnutritional Universal Screening Tool (MUST). An independent t-test compares the means of the hand grip and pinch strength readings with MUST risk group. A p-value of 0.05 or less is considered statistically significant. It is evident that there is a similar of hand grip and pinch strength reading between medium and high risk group of MUST score.","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130933411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618722
Ahmad Aizat Che Rahmat, S. A. Jalil, Sharifah Alwiah Syed Abd Rahman, S. Usman
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of backpack weight and risk factor for scoliosis in primary school children. The risk factors are identified by age, gender, body mass index and the weight of the backpack. A total of 260 children aged from 7 to 12 years old participated in this study. The test was performed by measuring the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) on Adam Forward Bending Test (AFBT) using a scoliometer. ATR readings at 5 ° and above is deemed to be positive. The findings showed that a significant of moderately correlation was found on risk factor of age (r = 0.538), gender (r = 0.580), and backpack weight (r = 0.552) which indicates that age, gender and backpack weight may contribute to risk factor of scoliosis.
{"title":"Relationship of Backpack Weight Towards Risk Factor for Scoliosis Among Primary School Children in Pahang, Malaysia","authors":"Ahmad Aizat Che Rahmat, S. A. Jalil, Sharifah Alwiah Syed Abd Rahman, S. Usman","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618722","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of backpack weight and risk factor for scoliosis in primary school children. The risk factors are identified by age, gender, body mass index and the weight of the backpack. A total of 260 children aged from 7 to 12 years old participated in this study. The test was performed by measuring the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) on Adam Forward Bending Test (AFBT) using a scoliometer. ATR readings at 5 ° and above is deemed to be positive. The findings showed that a significant of moderately correlation was found on risk factor of age (r = 0.538), gender (r = 0.580), and backpack weight (r = 0.552) which indicates that age, gender and backpack weight may contribute to risk factor of scoliosis.","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128881853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618761
A. Al-Kazwini, Ahmad Halilah, Aeshah Hendi, Ibrahim Al-Saeed, Abdullah Al-Azamat, W. Al-Zyoud
Tremor can be defined as involuntary, rhythmic muscle contraction involving movements of one or more body parts, e.g. hands, arms, head, face, voice, trunk, and legs. This work aims to measure the frequency of hand tremors using a customized, reasonably accurate method to monitor the severity of tremors and reach a point where building hand tremors stabilizing system is possible to allow patients to overcome this problem. The data in this work was collected using an accelerometer attached to the patient’s index finger as it is involved in important daily life activities such as writing. The signal was obtained using a microcontroller and an Arduino Mega and has been processed using MATLAB software from Math Works, combined with an open-source Arduino Software, an Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The proposed method was applied to 30 patients with hand tremors from various diseases compared with a normal person as a source for a normal signal. The maximum frequency of hand tremors was around 7 Hz, which is in agreement with previous studies. We conclude that this technique can handle and measure very low tremor frequencies, which can be utilized in the future for building a tremor stabilizing device.
{"title":"Frequency Detection Of Hand Tremors Using Customized Accelerometer","authors":"A. Al-Kazwini, Ahmad Halilah, Aeshah Hendi, Ibrahim Al-Saeed, Abdullah Al-Azamat, W. Al-Zyoud","doi":"10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618761","url":null,"abstract":"Tremor can be defined as involuntary, rhythmic muscle contraction involving movements of one or more body parts, e.g. hands, arms, head, face, voice, trunk, and legs. This work aims to measure the frequency of hand tremors using a customized, reasonably accurate method to monitor the severity of tremors and reach a point where building hand tremors stabilizing system is possible to allow patients to overcome this problem. The data in this work was collected using an accelerometer attached to the patient’s index finger as it is involved in important daily life activities such as writing. The signal was obtained using a microcontroller and an Arduino Mega and has been processed using MATLAB software from Math Works, combined with an open-source Arduino Software, an Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The proposed method was applied to 30 patients with hand tremors from various diseases compared with a normal person as a source for a normal signal. The maximum frequency of hand tremors was around 7 Hz, which is in agreement with previous studies. We conclude that this technique can handle and measure very low tremor frequencies, which can be utilized in the future for building a tremor stabilizing device.","PeriodicalId":297399,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE National Biomedical Engineering Conference (NBEC)","volume":"38 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131911247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.1109/nbec53282.2021.9618721
M. Vijay Kumar, Kaythry Pandurangan, R. Vinu
Paralytic people in most cases are not able to convey their needs as they are neither able to speak properly nor do they convey through sign language due to loss in motor control by their brain. In such a situation, our proposed system helps the disabled person in displaying a message over the LCD by simple motion of their hand. The proposed system works by reading the various tilt directions of the hand. The transmitter is attached to a glove which is worn by patient. User just needs to tilt the device in different directions to convey different messages. An accelerometer is used to measure the statistics of motion. It then passes on this data to the microcontroller which processes the data and displays the particular message as per the input obtained. It sounds a buzzer along with the message as soon as it receives motion signal from the accelerometer. The data is then transmitted online to IOT Adafruit server and the message is displayed online. With the help of this system, the patients affected by paralysis can convey their important needs to others.
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