Pub Date : 2019-01-15DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198814733.003.0004
M. Toole
The number of refugees and other displaced people, worldwide, is now at its highest level since World War II. Specific health considerations for those who are caught up in humanitarian crisis situations, most commonly conflict and post-conflict settings, are the subject of this chapter. The author outlines the common causes of morbidity and mortality and the range of medical specializations required to meet the health needs. The chapter highlights the risk of re-emergence of infectious disease epidemics due to poor living conditions and the vulnerabilities of different population groups to disease, poor health, and malnutrition. The chapter concludes with a summary of the best practice guidance and health service packages to employ during refugee crises.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-15DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198814733.003.0001
P. Allotey, D. Reidpath
This chapter sets the context for the book by highlighting the political and legal constructs that underlie the various categories of people on the move throughout the world, including recent trends and changes. We establish the importance of refugee health as an area of public health, and briefly outline the intersectionality of the issues that result in health-related vulnerabilities for this population group. The chapter also notes the updates from the previous edited collection, which was published as long ago as 2003, and introduces the various aspects of the health of refugees discussed in later chapters by the contributors to this volume.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-15DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198814733.003.0014
D. Zion
This chapter examines the ethical issues related to the practice of health care in an environment where human rights are absent, specifically relating to the conditions for refugees and asylum seekers who arrive by sea in Australian territory. The ethical considerations of working within the offshore detention environment are discussed. Health-care workers in these harsh environments often have divided loyalties, when duties to their patients conflict with duties to their employer or to the state. The author draws on published accounts and interviews with health-care providers who have worked on Manus Island and Nauru and Christmas Island, the sites used by Australia for offshore detention of asylum seekers.
{"title":"Dual loyalty, medical ethics, and health care in offshore asylum-seeker detention","authors":"D. Zion","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198814733.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198814733.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the ethical issues related to the practice of health care in an environment where human rights are absent, specifically relating to the conditions for refugees and asylum seekers who arrive by sea in Australian territory. The ethical considerations of working within the offshore detention environment are discussed. Health-care workers in these harsh environments often have divided loyalties, when duties to their patients conflict with duties to their employer or to the state. The author draws on published accounts and interviews with health-care providers who have worked on Manus Island and Nauru and Christmas Island, the sites used by Australia for offshore detention of asylum seekers.","PeriodicalId":298255,"journal":{"name":"The Health of Refugees","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130663434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-15DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198814733.003.0002
S. Kneebone
In this chapter, the author explains the legal concepts of refugees and asylum seekers, the term ‘humanitarianism’, and the human rights principles that apply to them. The chapter then explores some critical issues. The conflicted roles of doctors and other health workers in receiving countries, using the offshore and onshore detention of refugees in Australia are employed as an example. The particular vulnerability of urban refugees in some countries and their lack of legal protection is highlighted. An analysis of the human right to health is presented to highlight gaps in the human rights frameworks which states can exploit to limit refugee protection and access to health.
{"title":"Humanitarianism, refugees, human rights, and health","authors":"S. Kneebone","doi":"10.1093/OSO/9780198814733.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OSO/9780198814733.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, the author explains the legal concepts of refugees and asylum seekers, the term ‘humanitarianism’, and the human rights principles that apply to them. The chapter then explores some critical issues. The conflicted roles of doctors and other health workers in receiving countries, using the offshore and onshore detention of refugees in Australia are employed as an example. The particular vulnerability of urban refugees in some countries and their lack of legal protection is highlighted. An analysis of the human right to health is presented to highlight gaps in the human rights frameworks which states can exploit to limit refugee protection and access to health.","PeriodicalId":298255,"journal":{"name":"The Health of Refugees","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124492889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198814733.003.0015
P. Mares, P. Allotey
This chapter explains the influence of the media in controlling the discourse about humanitarianism, refugees, migrants and asylum seekers. Changing responses to the arrival of several waves of refugees in Australia are used as an example. Media reporting has great power to shape public perceptions of these populations, and the result is often a populist policy response that also ultimately has an impact on access to care and services. In recent years the advent of social media such as Facebook and Twitter has also had a great impact, as exemplified by the almost instantaneous worldwide response to the image of a drowned Syrian child refugee in 2015.
{"title":"Controlling compassion: the media, refugees, and asylum seekers","authors":"P. Mares, P. Allotey","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198814733.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814733.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explains the influence of the media in controlling the discourse about humanitarianism, refugees, migrants and asylum seekers. Changing responses to the arrival of several waves of refugees in Australia are used as an example. Media reporting has great power to shape public perceptions of these populations, and the result is often a populist policy response that also ultimately has an impact on access to care and services. In recent years the advent of social media such as Facebook and Twitter has also had a great impact, as exemplified by the almost instantaneous worldwide response to the image of a drowned Syrian child refugee in 2015.","PeriodicalId":298255,"journal":{"name":"The Health of Refugees","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123114576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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