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Re-examination of Cambaroides koshewnikowi and C. wladiwostokiensis with Morphological Observations of the Antennules and Gastric Mill of the Cambaroididae Cambaroides koshewnikowi和C. wladiwostokiensis的再鉴定及Cambaroididae触须和胃磨的形态学观察
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2022.v27-1.27
T. Kawai, E. Barabanshchikov
The syntypes of the freshwater crayfish, Cambaroides koshewnikowi (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1934) and C. wladiwostokiensis (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1934), held in the Zoological Museum of Moscow University are re-examined, the type series are described and illustrated. Detailed information on geographical distribution, natural habitat and fecundity of Russian cambaroid species are provided. Also, morphological features of the gastric mill and the lateral ramus of the antennule of Cambaroides are exhibited for future examination of their phylogeny.
对莫斯科大学动物博物馆保存的淡水小龙虾Cambaroides koshewnikowi (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1934)和C. wladiwostokiensis (Birstein and Vinogradov, 1934)的模式进行了重新检查,并对类型系列进行了描述和说明。提供了俄罗斯形虫种类的地理分布、自然栖息地和繁殖力的详细资料。此外,Cambaroides的胃磨和触角侧支的形态特征也被展示出来,以便将来研究它们的系统发育。
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引用次数: 0
Resource Use by the Slenderwrist Burrowing Crayfish, Fallicambarus petilicarpus 细腕部穴居小龙虾的资源利用
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2021.v27-1.1
Caitlin C Bloomer, Christopher A. Taylor, B. Wagner
Understanding species’ habitat and resource requirements is critical for effective conservation. To assess whether a species is imperiled, data are needed on its range and natural history. In this study, we examined the resource use, including diet and habitat associations, of the Slenderwrist Burrowing Crayfish, Fallicambarus petilicarpus, a narrowly endemic primary burrowing crayfish in southcentral Arkansas. We found that F. petilicarpus has an omnivorous diet, feeding on aquatic invertebrates and detritus. We compared habitat characteristics of sites in the Ouachita drainage that contained F. petilicarpus and sites with other primary burrowing crayfish. Fallicambarus petilicarpus inhabits roadside ditches with low elevation and reduced canopy cover, like other primary burrowing species in the region. Comparisons among burrowing crayfish suggest there may be overlap in environmental niches of species in this region and subsequent competition. Field sampling expanded the known range of F. petilicarpus from ~174 km2 to ~1150 km2. Fallicambarus petilicarpus remains a narrowly endemic species with potential to be threatened by habitat loss and food scarcity caused by urban expansion and climate change.
了解物种的栖息地和资源需求是有效保护的关键。要评估一个物种是否处于濒危状态,需要有关其生存范围和自然历史的数据。在这项研究中,我们研究了细长腕部穴居小龙虾的资源利用,包括饮食和栖息地的关系,小龙虾是阿肯色州中南部一种狭窄的地方性原生穴居小龙虾。我们发现小柄镰刀虫是杂食性的,以水生无脊椎动物和碎屑为食。我们比较了瓦希托河流域有小龙虾的生境特征和其他原生穴居小龙虾的生境特征。与该地区其他主要穴居物种一样,小尺蠖(Fallicambarus petilicarpus)栖息在海拔较低、树冠覆盖较少的路边沟渠中。穴居小龙虾之间的比较表明,该地区物种的环境生态位可能存在重叠和随后的竞争。野外取样将已知的小叶蝉的分布范围从~174 km2扩大到~1150 km2。由于城市扩张和气候变化导致的栖息地丧失和食物短缺,小尺蠖(Fallicambarus petilicarpus)仍然是一种狭窄的特有物种。
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引用次数: 0
Mating Strategies of Invasive Versus Indigenous Crayfish: Multiple Paternity as a Driver for Invasion Success? 入侵与本土小龙虾的交配策略:多重亲子关系是入侵成功的驱动因素?
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2021.v26-2.89
Caterina Francesconi, Mălina Pîrvu, A. Schrimpf, R. Schulz, L. Pârvulescu, K. Theissinger
The invasive spiny-cheek crayfish (Faxonius limosus) has been able to colonize many European waterbodies since its first introduction into Europe, threatening the indigenous crayfish fauna. The remarkable reproductive plasticity of this species has been suggested as an important factor contributing to the alarming invasiveness of this species. In this study, we compared the reproductive strategies of an invasive (F. limosus) and a sympatric indigenous crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus). We questioned if the reproductive abilities, namely parthenogenesis and multiple paternity, may contribute to an ongoing invasion process in the Lower Danube. Using microsatellites, we genotyped the mothers and their offspring from 11 clutches of F. limosus and 18 clutches of P. leptodactylus. While no parthenogenesis has been found in F. limosus populations, multiple paternity has been detected for the first time in both species, with comparable incidence. The results of the study indicate that multiple paternity does not play a dominant role in the successful colonization of F. limosus in the Danube. However, the presented results have to be regarded as a pilot study, with a limited number of samples and loci investigated. Given the relevance of mating system knowledge for management measures, future studies with larger sample number could provide valuable contributions to ongoing conservation actions.
入侵性刺颊小龙虾(Faxonius limosus)自首次引入欧洲以来,已经能够在许多欧洲水体中定居,威胁到当地的小龙虾动物群。该物种显著的繁殖可塑性被认为是导致该物种惊人入侵的一个重要因素。在这项研究中,我们比较了入侵小龙虾(F.limosus)和同域本地小龙虾(Pontascus leptodactylus)的繁殖策略。我们质疑生殖能力,即单性生殖和多重亲子关系,是否有助于多瑙河下游正在进行的入侵过程。利用微卫星,我们对11个利莫氏F.limosus离合器和18个细指P.leptodactylus离合器的母亲及其后代进行了基因分型。虽然在豪华F.limosus种群中没有发现单性生殖,但在这两个物种中首次发现了多重亲子关系,其发生率相当。研究结果表明,多重亲子关系在利莫索斯F.limosus在多瑙河的成功殖民化中并不起主导作用。然而,所提供的结果必须被视为一项试点研究,调查的样本和基因座数量有限。鉴于交配系统知识与管理措施的相关性,未来具有更大样本数量的研究可以为正在进行的保护行动提供宝贵的贡献。
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引用次数: 1
An Annotated Checklist of the Freshwater Crayfish of Virginia 弗吉尼亚淡水小龙虾的注释清单
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2021.v26-2.99
P. Cabe, Sujan M. Henkanaththegedara, Brian T. Watson, Zachary J. Loughman, Roger F. Thoman
We used existing collection records to summarize the current understanding of freshwater crayfish diversity in Virginia. Virginia includes both Atlantic slope drainages and tributaries of the Tennessee and Ohio Rivers which flow to the Gulf of Mexico via the Mississippi River. The state’s varied topography produces a wide range of freshwater habitats from mountain-side springs and seeps to rushing mountain streams to warm, turbid rivers and the lentic habitats of the coastal plain. We report distributional patterns of 31 species and one subspecies. About 20% of the species reported are introduced, one native species is federally listed as threatened, and several other taxa are species of conservation concern. A number of yet-to-be-described taxa with highly limited distributions will likely need protection. We hope the data included will prove useful in future efforts to understand the diversity of these fascinating and ecologically important animals in Virginia and will further the resolution of Virginia’s complete crayfish fauna.
我们使用现有的采集记录来总结目前对弗吉尼亚州淡水小龙虾多样性的理解。弗吉尼亚州包括大西洋斜坡流域和田纳西河和俄亥俄河的支流,这些河流经由密西西比河流入墨西哥湾。该州多变的地形产生了广泛的淡水栖息地,从山泉和泉水到湍急的山溪,再到温暖浑浊的河流和沿海平原的扁豆栖息地。我们报道了31种和1个亚种的分布模式。报告的物种中约有20%是引进的,一个本土物种被联邦政府列为濒危物种,其他几个分类群是值得保护的物种。一些分布高度有限的有待描述的分类群可能需要保护。我们希望所包含的数据将在未来的努力中证明是有用的,以了解弗吉尼亚州这些迷人且具有重要生态意义的动物的多样性,并将进一步解决弗吉尼亚州完整的小龙虾动物群。
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引用次数: 3
An Update of the Classification, Status, and Distribution of Canadian Freshwater Crayfishes 加拿大淡水小龙虾分类、现状和分布的最新进展
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2021.v26-2.119
P. Hamr
There are presently twelve species of freshwater crayfishes recognized in Canada. Due to the recent reclassification of three of the genera present in Canada as well as the discovery of an additional species of the burrowing Paintedhand Mudbug, there arose some confusion with respect to the nomenclature as well as the total number of species found in Canada. This review updates the taxonomy, status, distribution and nomenclature of Canadian freshwater crayfishes. A new and updated taxonomic key to the Canadian species is provided. The possible invasions of Canadian waters by the Red Swamp Crawfish as well as the Marbled Crayfish are discussed.
目前,加拿大已知的淡水小龙虾有12种。由于最近对加拿大现存的三个属进行了重新分类,以及发现了另一种穴居的彩手泥虫,因此在命名法和加拿大发现的物种总数方面出现了一些混乱。本文综述了加拿大淡水小龙虾的分类、现状、分布和命名。提供了一种新的和更新的加拿大种的分类钥匙。讨论了红沼泽小龙虾和大理石纹小龙虾可能入侵加拿大水域的问题。
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引用次数: 2
Mating Behavior and Morphology of Imported Mexican Freshwater Crayfish (Cambarellinae: Cambaridae) in Japan 日本进口墨西哥淡水小龙虾的交配行为和形态
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2021.v26-2.75
T. Kawai
In the present study, for the first time the Mexican freshwater crayfish reported in the Japanese aquarium pet trade is identified as Cambarellus patzcuarensis. This diagnosis is based on the morphological description of key characters, such as the gastric mill, mandible, and gill, which are also illustrated. Information on the introduction history and legislation of the species in Japan is provided. Mating behaviour of the species was observed under laboratory conditions and is described.
在本研究中,首次将日本水族馆宠物贸易中报道的墨西哥淡水小龙虾鉴定为patzcuarensis Cambarellus。这种诊断是基于关键特征的形态学描述,如胃磨,下颌骨和鳃,也说明了。提供了该物种在日本的引进历史和立法资料。在实验室条件下观察了该物种的交配行为,并对其进行了描述。
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引用次数: 0
Gill Morphology and Formulae of European Astacidae 欧洲虾科的鳃形态及配方
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2021.v26-2.127
T. Kawai, T. Policar, A. Kouba
We examined gills (podobranchs, arthrobranchs and pleurobranchs) from five European Astacidae (Austropotamobius pallipes, Austropotamobius torrentium, Astacus astacus, Pontastacus leptodactylus and Pontastacus pachypus) to assess the relationships between their phylogeny and gill morphology and formulae. In addition, we checked for the presence or absence of pleurocoxal lappets. The morphology of the gills and associated structures was similar in all examined European astacid species except for three rudimentary pleurobranchs found in P. pachypus. In European Astacidae and Cambaroididae, the pleurocoxal lappets are absent but are present in the American Astacidae, Cambaridae and Parastacidae. The number of pleurobranchs decreases from the most primitive Parastacidae to the most advanced Cambaridae. Nevertheless, although the most primitive parastacid crayfish and the most advanced Cambaridae all have pleurocoxal lappets, they are absent in European Astacidae and Cambaroididae, which suggests that a reversible gill morphology has occurred in crayfish evolution.
研究了5种欧洲astacacus (Austropotamobius pallipes, Austropotamobius torrentium, Astacus Astacus, Pontastacus leptodactylus和pachypus)的鳃(足支,关节支和胸膜支),以评估它们的系统发育与鳃形态和结构的关系。此外,我们还检查了胸椎垂叶的存在与否。除了在pachypus中发现的三个初级胸膜分支外,所有欧洲astacid物种的鳃形态和相关结构都是相似的。在欧洲Astacidae和Cambaridae科中,没有胸膜瓣垂,但在美洲Astacidae, Cambaridae和Parastacidae中存在。从最原始的拟虫科到最先进的拟虫科,胸膜分支的数量逐渐减少。然而,尽管最原始的拟虾蛄和最先进的拟虾蛄科都有胸膜瓣,但在欧洲的拟虾蛄科和拟虾蛄科中却没有,这表明在小龙虾的进化过程中出现了可逆的鳃形态。
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引用次数: 1
Is Aphanomyces astaci Losing its Stamina: A Latent Crayfish Plague Disease Agent From Lake Venesjärvi, Finland astaci Aphanomyces正在失去耐力吗:一种来自芬兰Venesjärvi湖的潜在小龙虾瘟疫病原体
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2021.v26-2.139
J. Jussila, Caterina Francesconi, K. Theissinger, H. Kokko, Jenny Makkonen
The crayfish plague disease agent, Aphanomyces astaci, has coevolved with the native European crayfish since its arrival to mainland Europe in the 1860s. There are indications that some of the A. astaci strains are of reduced virulence, while the resistance against A. astaci infection varies among native European crayfish stocks. In Lake Venesjärvi, Finland, a potential case of latent crayfish plague infection was observed in the early 2000s. We have isolated an oomycete from live Astacus astacus originating from Lake Venesjärvi and identified it as A. a staci of haplogroup A by specific qPCR, nuclear ITS and mitochondrial LSU and SSU sequencies, and named the isolate as UEF_VEN5/14. The A. astaci was isolated from a potentially latently infected A. astacus, subsequently identified, genotyped and proven to be of reduced virulence in a separate infection challenge experiment under laboratory conditions. These findings add to speculations of rather rapid coevolution of A. astaci and European native crayfish and support the reports on latent crayfish plague infections among wild native European crayfish.
自19世纪60年代小龙虾抵达欧洲大陆以来,小龙虾瘟疫病原体阿氏无头菌与欧洲本土小龙虾共同进化。有迹象表明,一些astaci菌株的毒力降低,而对astaci感染的抵抗力在欧洲本土小龙虾种群中各不相同。在芬兰的Venesjärvi湖,2000年代初观察到一例潜在的小龙虾瘟疫感染病例。我们从来自Venesjärvi湖的Astacus Astacus活体中分离出一株卵菌,并通过特异性qPCR、核ITS和线粒体LSU和SSU序列将其鉴定为单倍群A的一个staci。该A.astaci是从一种潜在潜伏感染的A.astacus中分离出来的,随后在实验室条件下的单独感染激发实验中进行了鉴定、基因分型并证明其毒力降低。这些发现增加了对A.astaci和欧洲本土小龙虾快速共同进化的猜测,并支持了关于野生本土欧洲小龙虾中潜在小龙虾瘟疫感染的报道。
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引用次数: 4
Evaluation of Four Practical Diets on the Growth and Survival of Juvenile Redclaw, Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1868) 四种实用日粮对红爪螯蟹幼鱼生长和存活的评价(von Martens,1868)
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.5869/FC.2021.V26-1.1
Damian P. Rigg, R. Courtney, Jamie E, Seymour, Clive Jones
Redclaw, Cherax quadricariatus (von Martens) has shown promise as an aquaculture species but commercial development has been constrained by variability of production, perhaps due to poor survival and growth of early craylings. Diet contributes to survival and growth and previous studies have determined requirements for larger redclaw, but little research exists for the early craylings. An experiment was performed to evaluate survival and growth of early instar redclaw using four diets; Frippak (commercial shrimp diet), CSIRO compound diet, bloodworms, and on-grown Artemia. Bloodworms and Artemia produced significantly higher survival of craylings over two weeks than the two other diets. Artemia diet had a significantly higher weight increase than bloodworms or the CSIRO diet, but not Frippak, which did not differ from bloodworms or CSIRO. Biomass was significantly higher when fed Artemia. High mortality in the Frippak and CSIRO diet treatments were not wholly attributable to nutritional deficiencies as the manufactured diets became less physically accessible, potentially reducing intake, leading to difficulties completing ecdysis and eventually death. This study concluded that Artemia and bloodworms promoted highest survival, and Artemia and Frippak the highest weight gain. The best combination of survival, weight gain and biomass was with the Artemia diet.
红爪,Cherax quadravariatus(von Martens)作为一种水产养殖物种已经显示出了前景,但商业发展受到生产可变性的限制,可能是由于早期螃蟹的生存和生长较差。饮食有助于生存和生长,以前的研究已经确定了对更大红爪的需求,但对早期螃蟹的研究很少。采用四种日粮对红爪早期幼虫的存活和生长进行了评价;Frippak(商业虾日粮)、CSIRO复合日粮、血虫和生长中的卤虫。与其他两种饮食相比,血虫和卤虫在两周内使小龙虾的存活率明显更高。卤虫饮食的体重增加显著高于血虫或CSIRO饮食,但Frippak没有,Frippak与血虫和CSIRO没有差异。投喂卤虫后,生物量显著增加。Frippak和CSIRO饮食治疗中的高死亡率并不完全归因于营养缺乏,因为人造饮食的物理可及性降低,可能会减少摄入量,导致难以完成蜕皮并最终死亡。这项研究得出的结论是,卤虫和吸血虫的存活率最高,而卤虫和Frippak的体重增加率最高。存活率、体重增加和生物量的最佳组合是卤虫饮食。
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引用次数: 0
A review of juvenile redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens, 1898) aquaculture: global production practices and innovation 红爪螯虾幼虾(Cherax quadricarinatus, von Martens, 1898)水产养殖:全球生产实践与创新
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2020-04-25 DOI: 10.5869/fc.2020.v25-1.013
Damian P. Rigg, J. Seymour, R. Courtney, Clive Jones
The Australian Redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus, has been the subject of aquaculture development for more than 3 decades. Farm production from Australia and from around the world for this species has been relatively low, as suitable production technology continues to develop. The production of redclaw juveniles for the purpose of stocking to ponds for on-growing to marketable size, has been a particular constraint and new approaches to breeding and mass production of craylings have provided renewed impetus to industry expansion. This paper reviews the literature concerning redclaw juvenile production and provides a status report of current practices and innovations that may support further expansion of redclaw aquaculture.
30多年来,澳大利亚红爪小龙虾(Cherax quadriarinatus)一直是水产养殖发展的主题。随着合适的生产技术的不断发展,澳大利亚和世界各地对该物种的农场产量相对较低。以放养到池塘中以生长到可销售的大小为目的的红爪幼体的生产一直是一个特别的限制因素,而螃蟹的繁殖和大规模生产的新方法为行业扩张提供了新的动力。本文回顾了有关红爪幼鱼生产的文献,并提供了一份关于当前实践和创新的现状报告,这些实践和创新可能会支持红爪水产养殖的进一步扩张。
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引用次数: 11
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Freshwater Crayfish
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