Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628793
H. Andrei, E. Diaconu, A. Gheorghe, N. Bizon, A. Mazare, L. Ionescu, Marilena Stănculescu, R. Porumb, G. Seritan, P. Andrei, M. Gaiceanu, S. Deleanu
Objectively, electricity is the most important current power source and, especially, of the future. Electricity consumption in universities worldwide is achieved by installations and equipment both in laboratories, classrooms, applications, and sports, in the rooms of administrative staff, and campus. Depending on the specializations, each university has a specific footprint of electricity consumption. During the pandemic of 2020, the world introduced several measures to limit the spread of the Covid virus, including online education in academia. Thus, in terms of electricity consumption, universities recorded a decrease during the pandemic, but there was an increase in household consumption for teachers and students. The subject of this paper is a quantitative analysis of the data provided by four universities in Romania on electricity consumption recorded before and during the pandemic. These data are correlated with household electricity consumption for the same two time periods, which were collected from some teachers and students in a university. A percentage of the decrease respectively increase of these electricity consumptions is due to the use of computers in the university respectively at home. That is why the measurements performed on a personal computer connected to the Teams platform used in the online education system are presented and analyzed. All these data and comparative analyses are especially useful for any university in the country or worldwide.
{"title":"Energy Consumption, Pandemic Period and Online Academic Education: Case Studies in Romanian Universities","authors":"H. Andrei, E. Diaconu, A. Gheorghe, N. Bizon, A. Mazare, L. Ionescu, Marilena Stănculescu, R. Porumb, G. Seritan, P. Andrei, M. Gaiceanu, S. Deleanu","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628793","url":null,"abstract":"Objectively, electricity is the most important current power source and, especially, of the future. Electricity consumption in universities worldwide is achieved by installations and equipment both in laboratories, classrooms, applications, and sports, in the rooms of administrative staff, and campus. Depending on the specializations, each university has a specific footprint of electricity consumption. During the pandemic of 2020, the world introduced several measures to limit the spread of the Covid virus, including online education in academia. Thus, in terms of electricity consumption, universities recorded a decrease during the pandemic, but there was an increase in household consumption for teachers and students. The subject of this paper is a quantitative analysis of the data provided by four universities in Romania on electricity consumption recorded before and during the pandemic. These data are correlated with household electricity consumption for the same two time periods, which were collected from some teachers and students in a university. A percentage of the decrease respectively increase of these electricity consumptions is due to the use of computers in the university respectively at home. That is why the measurements performed on a personal computer connected to the Teams platform used in the online education system are presented and analyzed. All these data and comparative analyses are especially useful for any university in the country or worldwide.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116666297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628530
A. Savulescu
The electric drives of Canadian-type beam pumping units have a special operation, in the sense that in the same pumping cycle the electric machine works as an energy-absorbing motor, but also works as a generator dissipating significant energy. A technical possibility to achieve a variant of energy recovery during the periods of dynamic braking of the electric drive system of beam pumping unit is the utilisation of a rechargeable battery, and the performed simulations proved the validity of this solution. An attractive operating hypothesis is the operation of pumping unit in parallel on a single power supply with a common DC bus. In this case, not all of the recovered energy contributes to recharging the rechargeable battery, but part of it is reused by the other pumping units. The particular case analyzed refers to two pumping units connected in parallel and results obtained are edifying.
{"title":"A possibility of energy recovery in the electric drive of crude oil pumping units","authors":"A. Savulescu","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628530","url":null,"abstract":"The electric drives of Canadian-type beam pumping units have a special operation, in the sense that in the same pumping cycle the electric machine works as an energy-absorbing motor, but also works as a generator dissipating significant energy. A technical possibility to achieve a variant of energy recovery during the periods of dynamic braking of the electric drive system of beam pumping unit is the utilisation of a rechargeable battery, and the performed simulations proved the validity of this solution. An attractive operating hypothesis is the operation of pumping unit in parallel on a single power supply with a common DC bus. In this case, not all of the recovered energy contributes to recharging the rechargeable battery, but part of it is reused by the other pumping units. The particular case analyzed refers to two pumping units connected in parallel and results obtained are edifying.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127183030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628679
H. Teodorescu
We describe a new type of application where the optimization of the noise performance is related to the Lambert W function. The noise-equilibrium (balance) frequency of a physical process (or device) is defined as that upper frequency of the frequency band where the contributions of white and $f^{-1}$ noises are equal, given the lower frequency of the band. The noise-equilibrium frequency is found as the solution expressed with the Lambert function.
{"title":"Noise Equilibrium Frequency as a Measure of the Low Noise Devices Quality Involves the Lambert Function","authors":"H. Teodorescu","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628679","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a new type of application where the optimization of the noise performance is related to the Lambert W function. The noise-equilibrium (balance) frequency of a physical process (or device) is defined as that upper frequency of the frequency band where the contributions of white and $f^{-1}$ noises are equal, given the lower frequency of the band. The noise-equilibrium frequency is found as the solution expressed with the Lambert function.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129742134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628664
V. Mînzu, G. Ifrim
This paper states and solves a specific optimal control problem. The process refers to microalgae growth in Artificially Lighted Photobioreactors. There are many results concerning microalgae growth models, including the photobioreactor type used in this work. The paper describes a growth’s dynamic model used in control problems and integrated into the bilocal optimal control problem, which this work addresses. The authors propose the Receding Horizon Control as the technique used to implement the closed-loop control structure. A simple method to calculate the optimal predictions is proposed and integrated into the optimal controller. The simulations proved that the approach is realistic and gives very good results.
{"title":"Optimal Control of Microalgae Growth in Artificially Lighted Photobioreactors : Case study: closed-loop solution for a bilocal optimization problem","authors":"V. Mînzu, G. Ifrim","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628664","url":null,"abstract":"This paper states and solves a specific optimal control problem. The process refers to microalgae growth in Artificially Lighted Photobioreactors. There are many results concerning microalgae growth models, including the photobioreactor type used in this work. The paper describes a growth’s dynamic model used in control problems and integrated into the bilocal optimal control problem, which this work addresses. The authors propose the Receding Horizon Control as the technique used to implement the closed-loop control structure. A simple method to calculate the optimal predictions is proposed and integrated into the optimal controller. The simulations proved that the approach is realistic and gives very good results.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127041140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628692
M. Costea, T. Leonida
Checking the radio interference voltage (RIV) of high voltage equipment is one of the basic requirements for its acceptance in operation. The procedure for assessing the radiofrequency disturbance level of high-voltage equipment is well known and established by regulations elaborated by CISPR. Tests are performed in high-voltage shielded laboratories on equipment in dry conditions. The goal of the paper is the study of radiofrequency disturbances produced by insulators strings in different weather conditions including wet conditions (dew). The influence of moisture is obvious and must be taken in consideration when a complete characterization of equipment behavior is of interest.
{"title":"Radiofrequency Disturbances produced by Insulators Strings in wet Conditions","authors":"M. Costea, T. Leonida","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628692","url":null,"abstract":"Checking the radio interference voltage (RIV) of high voltage equipment is one of the basic requirements for its acceptance in operation. The procedure for assessing the radiofrequency disturbance level of high-voltage equipment is well known and established by regulations elaborated by CISPR. Tests are performed in high-voltage shielded laboratories on equipment in dry conditions. The goal of the paper is the study of radiofrequency disturbances produced by insulators strings in different weather conditions including wet conditions (dew). The influence of moisture is obvious and must be taken in consideration when a complete characterization of equipment behavior is of interest.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130138544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628462
Ionut Craiu, L. Olteanu, S. Mihai, E. Diaconu, M. Ardeleanu
Concentrated solar power is a renewable resource exploitation area and involves a number of methods to capture and convert sunlight into electricity. One of the technical possibilities to achieve this consists in using parabolic surfaces to concentrate the solar energy onto one single spot. Usually, the energy captured by this method is transported by way of a thermal agent, a liquid substance in most cases. The purpose of this paper is to test the efficacy of using a solid substance to perform the heat transfer from the focal point on the parabolic surface to the opposite end where a Stirling engine will absorb the transferred energy. This efficacy was quantified through a specific coefficient that indicates the optimum length for the heat transfer.
{"title":"Study of the possibility of transferring thermal energy by conduction through a solid substance, in concentrated solar power systems","authors":"Ionut Craiu, L. Olteanu, S. Mihai, E. Diaconu, M. Ardeleanu","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628462","url":null,"abstract":"Concentrated solar power is a renewable resource exploitation area and involves a number of methods to capture and convert sunlight into electricity. One of the technical possibilities to achieve this consists in using parabolic surfaces to concentrate the solar energy onto one single spot. Usually, the energy captured by this method is transported by way of a thermal agent, a liquid substance in most cases. The purpose of this paper is to test the efficacy of using a solid substance to perform the heat transfer from the focal point on the parabolic surface to the opposite end where a Stirling engine will absorb the transferred energy. This efficacy was quantified through a specific coefficient that indicates the optimum length for the heat transfer.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134043087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628729
C. Suru, M. Popescu, M. Linca, M. Dobriceanu
The aim of this paper is the implementation of the control algorithm of a charging system for a battery power electric vehicle (autonomous locomotive). Because modern electric vehicle use lithium based batteries, the charging system must assure the proper charging conditions, specific to the battery type. The control algorithm implementation was done in the Matlab Simulink environment, for the dSPACE DS1104 prototyping board. The experimental validation of the correct implementation of the control algorithm was done on a high power, specially designated experimental stand. The system gives good performance, the current absorbed from the power grid having low harmonic distortion and unity power factor. The voltage harmonic distortion is rather high in the power grid transformer output (which is the input of the battery charging system), but considerably lower at the power transformer input, and within standards.
{"title":"Control Implementation for Battery Charging in Autonomous Locomotive on dSPACE 1104 DSP Board","authors":"C. Suru, M. Popescu, M. Linca, M. Dobriceanu","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628729","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is the implementation of the control algorithm of a charging system for a battery power electric vehicle (autonomous locomotive). Because modern electric vehicle use lithium based batteries, the charging system must assure the proper charging conditions, specific to the battery type. The control algorithm implementation was done in the Matlab Simulink environment, for the dSPACE DS1104 prototyping board. The experimental validation of the correct implementation of the control algorithm was done on a high power, specially designated experimental stand. The system gives good performance, the current absorbed from the power grid having low harmonic distortion and unity power factor. The voltage harmonic distortion is rather high in the power grid transformer output (which is the input of the battery charging system), but considerably lower at the power transformer input, and within standards.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"323 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115913779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628754
V. Ion, H. Andrei, E. Diaconu, D. Puchianu, M. Ardeleanu
The need to increase the security of persons and goods alike has led to the transformation of security systems from luxury into necessity. This paper aims to analyse the electrical characteristics of the components of an alarm system. The system chosen for analysis is a common one, found in the vast majority of residential buildings in Romania, the choice being made on the basis of the over 14 years of experience that each of the authors have in the field of the security systems.
{"title":"Modelling of Electrical Characteristics for an Anti-Theft Alarm System","authors":"V. Ion, H. Andrei, E. Diaconu, D. Puchianu, M. Ardeleanu","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628754","url":null,"abstract":"The need to increase the security of persons and goods alike has led to the transformation of security systems from luxury into necessity. This paper aims to analyse the electrical characteristics of the components of an alarm system. The system chosen for analysis is a common one, found in the vast majority of residential buildings in Romania, the choice being made on the basis of the over 14 years of experience that each of the authors have in the field of the security systems.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123912222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628589
{"title":"ISEEE 2021 Cover Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628589","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114392632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-28DOI: 10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628660
Alexadru Bitoleanu, M. Popescu, C. Suru, L. Goreci
The paper is dedicated to the experimental determination of the performances of the traction system of an autonomous electric locomotive. The traction system is composed by the voltage inverter and induction motors and its control is based on the indirect rotor field-oriented control (IFOC) method. For this particular application, the IFOC implementation has some major difficulties. First, the motors’ voltage cannot be used for vector field identification because it is strong distorted. On the other part, the control structure contains four controllers distributed on the two interconnected control ways and their tuning is very complicate. In order to mitigate these difficulties, the authors have developed a modified structure by using two hysteresis current controllers. Next, the control algorithm has been developed and implemented on the dSPACE 1104 DSP board. In order to test the entire system, a dedicated experimental stand that uses the recovery of the mechanical energy of the motor was used. The experimental evaluation was performed to determine the dynamic and static performances over entire speed domain.
{"title":"New Achievements in the Rotor Field-Oriented Control for Autonomous Locomotives : Part 2: Control Implementation and Experimental Performances at Low Speed","authors":"Alexadru Bitoleanu, M. Popescu, C. Suru, L. Goreci","doi":"10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iseee53383.2021.9628660","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is dedicated to the experimental determination of the performances of the traction system of an autonomous electric locomotive. The traction system is composed by the voltage inverter and induction motors and its control is based on the indirect rotor field-oriented control (IFOC) method. For this particular application, the IFOC implementation has some major difficulties. First, the motors’ voltage cannot be used for vector field identification because it is strong distorted. On the other part, the control structure contains four controllers distributed on the two interconnected control ways and their tuning is very complicate. In order to mitigate these difficulties, the authors have developed a modified structure by using two hysteresis current controllers. Next, the control algorithm has been developed and implemented on the dSPACE 1104 DSP board. In order to test the entire system, a dedicated experimental stand that uses the recovery of the mechanical energy of the motor was used. The experimental evaluation was performed to determine the dynamic and static performances over entire speed domain.","PeriodicalId":299873,"journal":{"name":"2021 7th International Symposium on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ISEEE)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127308608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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