Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1378621
Okan Güzel, Emine Kaya Altop
Herbicides are heavily used to manage Sinapis arvensis, mostly a self-fertilizing weed that poses issues in wheat fields. Cross-fertilization may lead to genetic differentiation of this species. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic diversity of individuals collected from wheat fields across various regions in Turkey. The degree of genetic variation in wild mustard populations was evaluated using 5 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in samples taken from 30 different locations in Türkiye. Populations were analyzed using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) and principal component analysis (PCA). The mean genetic diversity (GD) and polymorphism information content (PIC) values were 0.752 and 0.844, respectively. Results showed high genetic variability among individual genotypes within geographic locations. The populations were categorized into two major groups, as indicated by the UPGMA dendrogram generated using Average Linkage. There was no apparent geographic isolation among the genotypes of the studied wild mustard, which displayed a high degree of variability. It is recognized that the primary source of this condition is the adaptability of wild mustard seeds dispersed through various methods across different locations. Despite being a predominantly self-pollinating species, they may also employ some cross-pollination mechanisms. In conclusion, SSR markers prove useful in determining genetic diversity in outcrossing species, especially in cases where no prior genotypic information is available. The study suggests that genetic diversity is maintained in wild mustard populations even with rotational farming practices and the use of herbicides.
{"title":"Determination of Genetic Diversity of Sinapis arvensis L. (Wild Mustard) by Microsatellite Markers","authors":"Okan Güzel, Emine Kaya Altop","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1378621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1378621","url":null,"abstract":"Herbicides are heavily used to manage Sinapis arvensis, mostly a self-fertilizing weed that poses issues in wheat fields. Cross-fertilization may lead to genetic differentiation of this species. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic diversity of individuals collected from wheat fields across various regions in Turkey. The degree of genetic variation in wild mustard populations was evaluated using 5 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in samples taken from 30 different locations in Türkiye. Populations were analyzed using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) and principal component analysis (PCA). The mean genetic diversity (GD) and polymorphism information content (PIC) values were 0.752 and 0.844, respectively. Results showed high genetic variability among individual genotypes within geographic locations. The populations were categorized into two major groups, as indicated by the UPGMA dendrogram generated using Average Linkage. There was no apparent geographic isolation among the genotypes of the studied wild mustard, which displayed a high degree of variability. It is recognized that the primary source of this condition is the adaptability of wild mustard seeds dispersed through various methods across different locations. Despite being a predominantly self-pollinating species, they may also employ some cross-pollination mechanisms. In conclusion, SSR markers prove useful in determining genetic diversity in outcrossing species, especially in cases where no prior genotypic information is available. The study suggests that genetic diversity is maintained in wild mustard populations even with rotational farming practices and the use of herbicides.","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"29 11-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140499593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-04DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1374633
Y. Yücel, Ömer Karakoç, Hüseyin Servi, S. Gücel, Ayşe Nalbantsoy, K. Polatoğlu
The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Ruta chalepensis L. was analyzed with GC-MS. Seventy-nine compounds were detected representing 85.93 ± 1.08% (n = 3) of the essential oil. The major components of the essential oil were 2-undecanone 21.52±0.21%, 2-nonanone 18.31 ± 0.27%, and 2-nonyl acetate 13.22%. The highest insecticidal contact toxicity of the oil was observed against Rhyzopertha dominica F. with 0.018 μL/insect LD50 and 0.039 μL/insect LD90 after 24h. Essential oil also produced considerably low 0.50 and 0.59 μL/insect LD50 values after 24h against Sitophilus oryzae L. and Sitophilus granarius L. respectively. The lowest contact toxicity was observed against Tribolium castaneum Herbst. and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. 0.138 and 0.078 μL/insect LD50 after 24h respectively. The highest fumigant toxicity was observed against S. granarius for the application concentration of 10 μL, 10% oil/acetone (v:v) in a 10 mL chamber which afforded 100.00 ± 0.00 % mortality after 48h. The essential oil also produced high fumigant toxicity against S. oryzae, T. castaneum, and R. dominica which were 95.47 ± 3.41%, 93.30±5.54%, and 85.47 ± 3.41% mortality at 20 μL application concentration of the oil solution after 48h. The R. chalepensis essential oil produced low acetylcholinesterase enzyme 5.29 ± 1.20% (n=3) inhibition and mediocre butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition 42.6 ± 0.71% (n=3). According to the insecticidal activity assays performed, R. chalepensis essential oil seems to be a promising source that could yield natural compounds that could be employed in stored product pest management.
{"title":"Fumigant and Contact Toxicity of Ruta Chalepensis L. (Rutaceae) Essential Oil Against Five Coleopteran Stored Product Pests and Its Effects On Cholinesterases","authors":"Y. Yücel, Ömer Karakoç, Hüseyin Servi, S. Gücel, Ayşe Nalbantsoy, K. Polatoğlu","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1374633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1374633","url":null,"abstract":"The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Ruta chalepensis L. was analyzed with GC-MS. Seventy-nine compounds were detected representing 85.93 ± 1.08% (n = 3) of the essential oil. The major components of the essential oil were 2-undecanone 21.52±0.21%, 2-nonanone 18.31 ± 0.27%, and 2-nonyl acetate 13.22%. The highest insecticidal contact toxicity of the oil was observed against Rhyzopertha dominica F. with 0.018 μL/insect LD50 and 0.039 μL/insect LD90 after 24h. Essential oil also produced considerably low 0.50 and 0.59 μL/insect LD50 values after 24h against Sitophilus oryzae L. and Sitophilus granarius L. respectively. The lowest contact toxicity was observed against Tribolium castaneum Herbst. and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. 0.138 and 0.078 μL/insect LD50 after 24h respectively. The highest fumigant toxicity was observed against S. granarius for the application concentration of 10 μL, 10% oil/acetone (v:v) in a 10 mL chamber which afforded 100.00 ± 0.00 % mortality after 48h. The essential oil also produced high fumigant toxicity against S. oryzae, T. castaneum, and R. dominica which were 95.47 ± 3.41%, 93.30±5.54%, and 85.47 ± 3.41% mortality at 20 μL application concentration of the oil solution after 48h. The R. chalepensis essential oil produced low acetylcholinesterase enzyme 5.29 ± 1.20% (n=3) inhibition and mediocre butyrylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition 42.6 ± 0.71% (n=3). According to the insecticidal activity assays performed, R. chalepensis essential oil seems to be a promising source that could yield natural compounds that could be employed in stored product pest management.","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139187317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1095875
H. Dilmen, C. Kaplan, M. S. Özgökçe, Mustafa Cemal Çi̇ftçi̇, Meryem ÖZER DİLMEN, F. Pala, M. Kaplan
Wheat is nowadays the most important source of food on earth. Many pest species have been identified that affect wheat yield and quality negatively. This study was conducted to identify harmful and beneficial insect (predator) species and of the distribution of Sunn pest in wheat cultivation areas in the districts (Siirt province Merkez, Kurtalan, Eruh, Tillo, Şirvan, Pervari, and Baykan) of Siirt Province, Türkiye in 2018 and 2019. Samplings were taken periodically for 1-2 weeks from April to July. The sweep nets, frame, pitfall trap, and visual control methods were used for sampling. At the end of the study, 42 species belonging to 6 orders and 25 families were determined. The distributions of the species were recorded as 27 species belonging to 12 families in Coleoptera, 10 species belonging to 7 families in Hemiptera, 2 species belonging to 2 families in Neuroptera, and 1 species belonging to each family in Hymenoptera, Orthoptera and Diptera. The most common and abundant species: the main pest Eurygaster integriceps Puton, 1881 (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), the secondary pests Aelia acuminata (Linnaeus, 1758), Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Cephus pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1767) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer, 1773, (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) were determined. In the study, a total of 16 species were identified, which is the first record for the local fauna of Siirt province. The highest average density of E. integriceps (2 adult + nymph / m2) was found in the Garzan and Gozpinari locations of the Kurtalan district. Besides, among the beneficial species, general predators Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) and Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) are remark as the most common species
{"title":"Determination of harmful and beneficial predator insect species and the distribution and density of Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) in wheat-cultivated areas of Siirt province","authors":"H. Dilmen, C. Kaplan, M. S. Özgökçe, Mustafa Cemal Çi̇ftçi̇, Meryem ÖZER DİLMEN, F. Pala, M. Kaplan","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1095875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1095875","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is nowadays the most important source of food on earth. Many pest species have been identified that affect wheat yield and quality negatively. This study was conducted to identify harmful and beneficial insect (predator) species and of the distribution of Sunn pest in wheat cultivation areas in the districts (Siirt province Merkez, Kurtalan, Eruh, Tillo, Şirvan, Pervari, and Baykan) of Siirt Province, Türkiye in 2018 and 2019. Samplings were taken periodically for 1-2 weeks from April to July. The sweep nets, frame, pitfall trap, and visual control methods were used for sampling. At the end of the study, 42 species belonging to 6 orders and 25 families were determined. The distributions of the species were recorded as 27 species belonging to 12 families in Coleoptera, 10 species belonging to 7 families in Hemiptera, 2 species belonging to 2 families in Neuroptera, and 1 species belonging to each family in Hymenoptera, Orthoptera and Diptera. The most common and abundant species: the main pest Eurygaster integriceps Puton, 1881 (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), the secondary pests Aelia acuminata (Linnaeus, 1758), Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Cephus pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1767) (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer, 1773, (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) were determined. In the study, a total of 16 species were identified, which is the first record for the local fauna of Siirt province. The highest average density of E. integriceps (2 adult + nymph / m2) was found in the Garzan and Gozpinari locations of the Kurtalan district. Besides, among the beneficial species, general predators Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) and Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) are remark as the most common species","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128814958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1263982
F. Ünal, Sara Dolar
This study aims to determine the species and evaluate the genetic diversity of the pathogenic and nonpathogenic Rhizoctonia spp. and anastomosis groups (AG) from wheat plants and rhizosphere soils in Turkey. Rhizoctonia species were isolated from plants and rhizosphere soils in wheat fields in 5 provinces in the Central Anatolian Region of Türkiye. As a result of the isolations, a total of 88 multinucleate (MN) and binucleate (BN) Rhizoctonia isolates were obtained. Identifications of the isolates were determined by rDNA-ITS sequence analyses. The identified isolates belonged to MN Waitea circinata var. zeae, W. circinata var. oryzae, W. circinata var. circinata, MN Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-1, AG 2-2, AG 3, AG 4-HGII, AG 4-HGIII, AG 5, AG 8, AG 11 and BN AG A, AG DI, AG E, AG G, AG H, AG I, AG I-like and AG K. The most isolated group was W. circinata var. circinata. In the pathogenicity studies, the most virulent group was determined as R. solani AG 4. Among the binucleate isolates, groups other than R. cerealis AG DI were not found to be pathogenic. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees of isolates were constructed from rDNA-ITS sequences. As a result of this study, the regional distribution of MN and BN Rhizoctonia AG isolates in important wheat production areas in the Central Anatolia Region, Türkiye was determined. In addition, this study is the first comprehensive study in which the genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia AGs isolates obtained from wheat and rhizosphere soils in the region was evaluated with a molecular approach.
{"title":"Anastomosis grouping and phylogenetic analysis of Rhizoctonia isolates on wheat in Türkiye","authors":"F. Ünal, Sara Dolar","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1263982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1263982","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the species and evaluate the genetic diversity of the pathogenic and nonpathogenic Rhizoctonia spp. and anastomosis groups (AG) from wheat plants and rhizosphere soils in Turkey. Rhizoctonia species were isolated from plants and rhizosphere soils in wheat fields in 5 provinces in the Central Anatolian Region of Türkiye. As a result of the isolations, a total of 88 multinucleate (MN) and binucleate (BN) Rhizoctonia isolates were obtained. Identifications of the isolates were determined by rDNA-ITS sequence analyses. The identified isolates belonged to MN Waitea circinata var. zeae, W. circinata var. oryzae, W. circinata var. circinata, MN Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-1, AG 2-2, AG 3, AG 4-HGII, AG 4-HGIII, AG 5, AG 8, AG 11 and BN AG A, AG DI, AG E, AG G, AG H, AG I, AG I-like and AG K. The most isolated group was W. circinata var. circinata. In the pathogenicity studies, the most virulent group was determined as R. solani AG 4. Among the binucleate isolates, groups other than R. cerealis AG DI were not found to be pathogenic. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees of isolates were constructed from rDNA-ITS sequences. As a result of this study, the regional distribution of MN and BN Rhizoctonia AG isolates in important wheat production areas in the Central Anatolia Region, Türkiye was determined. In addition, this study is the first comprehensive study in which the genetic diversity of Rhizoctonia AGs isolates obtained from wheat and rhizosphere soils in the region was evaluated with a molecular approach.","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121137311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1253486
M. Karacaoğlu, Işıl Özdemi̇r, Mustafa Özdemir, Serdar Satar
Aphids feeds on sap from phloem and xylem vessels, this can cause honeydew secretion. This injury is induced by apterous aphid groups, however alate groups can cause other economically important problems such as virus transmission. Apterous population of aphids are controlled by cultural, biological or chemical control methods. Flight activity of alate populations are much difficult to control because a short time, like a minute or half an hour, is enough for single individuals to transmit viral diseases. The first and most critical step in monitoring alate aphid population is to use the right integrated pest management strategies (IPM). The present study was carried out in Department of Plant Protection Experimental Station of Çukurova University between October 2009 to October 2010 in order to understand the dispersal time of aphid and right sampling methods of alate individuals. Approximately 400 citrus plants were planted spaced of 5.0 m × 3.0 m apart in the orchard in September 2002. Painted water tray (18 X 32 cm) filled with tap water and small amount of liquid soap were placed between rows. Each trap was placed on platform 120 cm from ground. White, red, blue, yellow and green colored traps were used as to compare the color preference of alate aphids. All the individuals caught were identified under the microscope after mounting. After identification their cluster analyzes according to color choice and similarity index were assessed. This research was presented as a poster in the 10th International Symposium on Aphids (4‐8 September 2017, Cappadocia, Türkiye)
蚜虫以韧皮部和木质部血管的汁液为食，这可以引起蜜汁的分泌。这种伤害是由无尾蚜群引起的，然而无尾蚜群可以引起其他经济上重要的问题，如病毒传播。蚜虫的无翅种群可通过培养、生物或化学防治方法加以控制。鸟类的飞行活动很难控制，因为一分钟或半小时这样的短时间就足以让单个个体传播病毒性疾病。监测蚜虫种群的第一步也是最关键的一步是使用正确的害虫综合管理策略(IPM)。本研究于2009年10月至2010年10月在Çukurova大学植物保护实验站进行，目的是了解蚜虫的传播时间和正确的采样方法。2002年9月，在果园内以5.0 m × 3.0 m的间距种植柑橘植株约400株。在两排之间放置装有自来水和少量液体肥皂的油漆水盘(18 X 32厘米)。每个陷阱放置在距离地面120厘米的平台上。采用白、红、蓝、黄、绿四色诱捕器比较了褐蚜对颜色的偏好。所有捕获的个体在装上后在显微镜下进行鉴定。识别后，根据颜色选择进行聚类分析和相似度评价。该研究作为海报在第十届国际蚜虫研讨会(2017年9月4 - 8日，卡帕多西亚，土耳其)上发表。
{"title":"TURUNÇGİL BAHÇESİNDE FARKLI RENK TUZAKLARINDAKİ YAPRAKBİTİ AKTİVİTESİ","authors":"M. Karacaoğlu, Işıl Özdemi̇r, Mustafa Özdemir, Serdar Satar","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1253486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1253486","url":null,"abstract":"Aphids feeds on sap from phloem and xylem vessels, this can cause honeydew secretion. This injury is induced by apterous aphid groups, however alate groups can cause other economically important problems such as virus transmission. Apterous population of aphids are controlled by cultural, biological or chemical control methods. Flight activity of alate populations are much difficult to control because a short time, like a minute or half an hour, is enough for single individuals to transmit viral diseases. The first and most critical step in monitoring alate aphid population is to use the right integrated pest management strategies (IPM). \u0000The present study was carried out in Department of Plant Protection Experimental Station of Çukurova University between October 2009 to October 2010 in order to understand the dispersal time of aphid and right sampling methods of alate individuals. Approximately 400 citrus plants were planted spaced of 5.0 m × 3.0 m apart in the orchard in September 2002. Painted water tray (18 X 32 cm) filled with tap water and small amount of liquid soap were placed between rows. Each trap was placed on platform 120 cm from ground. White, red, blue, yellow and green colored traps were used as to compare the color preference of alate aphids. All the individuals caught were identified under the microscope after mounting. After identification their cluster analyzes according to color choice and similarity index were assessed. \u0000This research was presented as a poster in the 10th International Symposium on Aphids (4‐8 September 2017, Cappadocia, Türkiye)","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114946220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1244955
Fatma Gül Göze Özdemir
The study was carried out to investigate plant parasitic nematodes in oil rose growing areas in Isparta province in July-August 2022. Soil samples were taken from 15 different areas and the study was carried out with 65 samples. A total of 12 species of plant parasitic nematodes were determined in the study. These are Tylenchus spp., Aphelenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Dictylenchus spp., Dorylaimus spp., Paratylenchus spp., Longidorus spp., Xiphinema spp., Meloidogyne spp., Helicotylenchus spp. and Merlinus spp. The Pratylenchus (52.3%), Paratylenchus (38.5%) and Helicotylenchus (41.5%) seemed to be the most prevailing genera. The least common genus is Meloidogyne (7.6%). Root knot nematode species molecular identification was determined by species-specific primers from larvae. The 5 samples taken from cultivated oil rose fields were found to be infected and were detected with Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949. Densities of M. hapla varied between 60-480/100 g soil. This is the first report identification of M. hapla on oil rose in Türkiye.
{"title":"Determination of Plant Parasitic Nematodes on Oil Rose Growing Areas in Isparta Province of Türkiye","authors":"Fatma Gül Göze Özdemir","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1244955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1244955","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to investigate plant parasitic nematodes in oil rose growing areas in Isparta province in July-August 2022. Soil samples were taken from 15 different areas and the study was carried out with 65 samples. A total of 12 species of plant parasitic nematodes were determined in the study. These are Tylenchus spp., Aphelenchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Dictylenchus spp., Dorylaimus spp., Paratylenchus spp., Longidorus spp., Xiphinema spp., Meloidogyne spp., Helicotylenchus spp. and Merlinus spp. The Pratylenchus (52.3%), Paratylenchus (38.5%) and Helicotylenchus (41.5%) seemed to be the most prevailing genera. The least common genus is Meloidogyne (7.6%). Root knot nematode species molecular identification was determined by species-specific primers from larvae. The 5 samples taken from cultivated oil rose fields were found to be infected and were detected with Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949. Densities of M. hapla varied between 60-480/100 g soil. This is the first report identification of M. hapla on oil rose in Türkiye.","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116112333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1241447
Üzeyir Aktuğ, Yalçın Duydu
Sulfuryl fluoride is a colorless, odorless gas used as a fumigant against pests during the storage of agricultural products. It is also one of the alternatives to Methyl bromide, which is banned by the Montreal Protocol. During a fumigation, the decomposition product of sulfuryl fluoride residue can also be formed in addition to the sulfuryl fluoride residue. Fluoride is actually a natural constituent of the tea plant. However, within the growing process of the tea plant fluoride is concentrated in the old leaves when compared with the young shoots. Investigating the variation of the fluoride content in black tea before and after sulfuryl fluoride fumigation is the subject of this study. Three different brands black teas with different fluoride concentrations purchased from local supermarkets in 2022 were fumigated with approximately 60 g/m3 of sulfuryl fluoride for 24 hours in a 1 m3 fumigation chamber. The AOAC’s recommended method for extraction of fluoride in plants (Method 975.04) was applied in this study. It was compared with the fluoride contents after fumigation in teas (41.4; 165.1 and 329.5 mg/kg, respectively). It is concluded that there is no statistically [t(7)=0,284; t(7)=0,769 and t(7)=1,419 p>0,05] significant difference in fluoride content in teas after fumigation.
{"title":"Siyah Çayın Sülfiril Florür İle Fumugasyonu Sonrası Florür İyonu Kalıntısının Değerlendirilmesi","authors":"Üzeyir Aktuğ, Yalçın Duydu","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1241447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1241447","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfuryl fluoride is a colorless, odorless gas used as a fumigant against pests during the storage of agricultural products. It is also one of the alternatives to Methyl bromide, which is banned by the Montreal Protocol. During a fumigation, the decomposition product of sulfuryl fluoride residue can also be formed in addition to the sulfuryl fluoride residue. Fluoride is actually a natural constituent of the tea plant. However, within the growing process of the tea plant fluoride is concentrated in the old leaves when compared with the young shoots. \u0000Investigating the variation of the fluoride content in black tea before and after sulfuryl fluoride fumigation is the subject of this study. Three different brands black teas with different fluoride concentrations purchased from local supermarkets in 2022 were fumigated with approximately 60 g/m3 of sulfuryl fluoride for 24 hours in a 1 m3 fumigation chamber. The AOAC’s recommended method for extraction of fluoride in plants (Method 975.04) was applied in this study. It was compared with the fluoride contents after fumigation in teas (41.4; 165.1 and 329.5 mg/kg, respectively). It is concluded that there is no statistically [t(7)=0,284; t(7)=0,769 and t(7)=1,419 p>0,05] significant difference in fluoride content in teas after fumigation.","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132050950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-12DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1233521
Hüseyin Özdikmen, N. Bal
The detection of cerambycids and their feeding preferences within the natural ecosystems is of great ecological and economic importance. Accordingly, the paper presents collectively all taxa of the primitive, rare and hardly studied tribe Xylosteini Reitter in Turkey with new data on their feeding preferences and distribution patterns for the first time. The available specimens were collected from localities in Artvin, Bolu, Gümüşhane, Kırklareli, Samsun and Sivas provinces of Turkey in 2002, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2022. As a result, it is determined that Turkish Xylosteini includes four species of two genera. All of them are rare species. Abies nordmanniana (Pinaceae) and Fagus orientalis (Fagaceae) are determined as new host plant species for Xylosteus kadleci Miroshnikov. Accordingly, at least five or six host plants for each species are determined with the present study. According to the present study, the members of the genus Leptorhabdium Kraatz are preferred deciduous trees only, while the members of the genus Xylosteus Frivaldszky von Frivald are preferred both deciduous and also coniferous trees. Besides, detailed distribution data with figures show provincial and regional distribution patterns of all species are also given. Apparently, the genus Leptorhabdium seems to be represented only by L. caucasicum in North-Eastern Anatolia of Turkey, while the genus Xylosteus seems to be represented by X. spinolae in European Turkey (=Thrace), by X. kadleci in North-Western Anatolia of Turkey, and by X. caucasicola in North-Eastern Anatolia of Turkey.
{"title":"Yeni ve tüm bilinen konukçu bitkileri ve yayılış verileri ile birlikte Türkiye'deki Xylosteini Reitter, 1913 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lepturinae) kabilesi içindeki ilkel ve nadir orman zararlıları üyelerinin beslenme tercihleri","authors":"Hüseyin Özdikmen, N. Bal","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1233521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1233521","url":null,"abstract":"The detection of cerambycids and their feeding preferences within the natural ecosystems is of great ecological and economic importance. Accordingly, the paper presents collectively all taxa of the primitive, rare and hardly studied tribe Xylosteini Reitter in Turkey with new data on their feeding preferences and distribution patterns for the first time. The available specimens were collected from localities in Artvin, Bolu, Gümüşhane, Kırklareli, Samsun and Sivas provinces of Turkey in 2002, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2022. As a result, it is determined that Turkish Xylosteini includes four species of two genera. All of them are rare species. Abies nordmanniana (Pinaceae) and Fagus orientalis (Fagaceae) are determined as new host plant species for Xylosteus kadleci Miroshnikov. Accordingly, at least five or six host plants for each species are determined with the present study. According to the present study, the members of the genus Leptorhabdium Kraatz are preferred deciduous trees only, while the members of the genus Xylosteus Frivaldszky von Frivald are preferred both deciduous and also coniferous trees. Besides, detailed distribution data with figures show provincial and regional distribution patterns of all species are also given. Apparently, the genus Leptorhabdium seems to be represented only by L. caucasicum in North-Eastern Anatolia of Turkey, while the genus Xylosteus seems to be represented by X. spinolae in European Turkey (=Thrace), by X. kadleci in North-Western Anatolia of Turkey, and by X. caucasicola in North-Eastern Anatolia of Turkey.","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133350239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1238852
Servet Uzunok
The use of vermicompost in agriculture has become increasingly common, especially in organic agriculture. In this research, the suppression efficiency of horse and cattle vermicompost extracts against some aerial fungal plant pathogens (Monilinia laxa, Cytospora leucostoma, Botryosphaeria obtusa, Phomopsis viticola, Alternaria mali, and Botrytis cinerea) that damage fruit trees and are common in fruit production areas, was studied for the first time in our country. %25, %50, %75, and %100 concentrations of horse and cattle extracts were tested against fungal plant isolates. The results were evaluated by two-way ANOVA testing the suppression rates of vermicompost extracts in petri plates. While the best results were found in M. laxa (90,6%), P. viticola (80,2%), A. mali (65,1%) at 100% concentration for horse and cattle vermicomposts respectively, the suppression of B. obtusa (44,7%), C. leucostoma (38,1%), and B. cinerea (35,5%) was found to be lower.
{"title":"Determination of Suppression Efficiency of Vermicompost Extracts on Some Aerial Fungal Plant Pathogens","authors":"Servet Uzunok","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1238852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1238852","url":null,"abstract":"The use of vermicompost in agriculture has become increasingly common, especially in organic agriculture. In this research, the suppression efficiency of horse and cattle vermicompost extracts against some aerial fungal plant pathogens (Monilinia laxa, Cytospora leucostoma, Botryosphaeria obtusa, Phomopsis viticola, Alternaria mali, and Botrytis cinerea) that damage fruit trees and are common in fruit production areas, was studied for the first time in our country. %25, %50, %75, and %100 concentrations of horse and cattle extracts were tested against fungal plant isolates. The results were evaluated by two-way ANOVA testing the suppression rates of vermicompost extracts in petri plates. While the best results were found in M. laxa (90,6%), P. viticola (80,2%), A. mali (65,1%) at 100% concentration for horse and cattle vermicomposts respectively, the suppression of B. obtusa (44,7%), C. leucostoma (38,1%), and B. cinerea (35,5%) was found to be lower.","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"309 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121588184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.16955/bitkorb.1172169
Fatma Gül Göze Özdemir
The effects of commercial thyme, sage, garlic, sesame, rosemary, lemon and mustard essential oils (Botalife Natural and Aromatic Products Ltd. Şti, Turkey) on disease severity were investigated in simultaneous inoculation of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.radicis lycopersici (Jarvis & Shoemaker) on tomato. Nematicide (Velum®, Fluopyram) and fungicide (Cebir®, Fludioxonil + Metalaxyl) were used as positive controls. Negative control was only plants with nematode and fungus inoculation. The study was set up in a randomized plot design with 5 replications for each essential oil. In simultaneous inoculations, 1000 M. incognita second juvenile larvaes/1ml and 3X106 spore/ml FORL were used for each seedling. The essential oil applications were applied to the soil at a dose of 1000 ppm for each pot, one day after the nematode and fungus inoculation. The study was terminated after 60 days, and the assestment was based on gall, egg mass and disease severity. Fungal growth and nematode development on roots was found lower in all tested oils applications than negative control but fungisidal and nematicidal activity varied. Thyme and garlic essential oils had the highest control effect on nematode and fungus with 55.20% in simultaneous inoculation and this effect was higher than only nematicide (38.84%) and only fungicide (33.20%) applications. Sage (38.84%), rosemary (33.28%) and mustard (38.92%) essential oils were found to suppress disease severity higher than sesame (22.16%) and lemon (22.16%). It has been determined that thyme and garlic essential oils are good alternatives to manage root knot nematode and FORL disease complexes.
{"title":"Management of Dısease Complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici on Tomato Usıng Some Essentıal Oıls","authors":"Fatma Gül Göze Özdemir","doi":"10.16955/bitkorb.1172169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.1172169","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of commercial thyme, sage, garlic, sesame, rosemary, lemon and mustard essential oils (Botalife Natural and Aromatic Products Ltd. Şti, Turkey) on disease severity were investigated in simultaneous inoculation of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.radicis lycopersici (Jarvis & Shoemaker) on tomato. Nematicide (Velum®, Fluopyram) and fungicide (Cebir®, Fludioxonil + Metalaxyl) were used as positive controls. Negative control was only plants with nematode and fungus inoculation. The study was set up in a randomized plot design with 5 replications for each essential oil. In simultaneous inoculations, 1000 M. incognita second juvenile larvaes/1ml and 3X106 spore/ml FORL were used for each seedling. The essential oil applications were applied to the soil at a dose of 1000 ppm for each pot, one day after the nematode and fungus inoculation. The study was terminated after 60 days, and the assestment was based on gall, egg mass and disease severity. Fungal growth and nematode development on roots was found lower in all tested oils applications than negative control but fungisidal and nematicidal activity varied. Thyme and garlic essential oils had the highest control effect on nematode and fungus with 55.20% in simultaneous inoculation and this effect was higher than only nematicide (38.84%) and only fungicide (33.20%) applications. Sage (38.84%), rosemary (33.28%) and mustard (38.92%) essential oils were found to suppress disease severity higher than sesame (22.16%) and lemon (22.16%). It has been determined that thyme and garlic essential oils are good alternatives to manage root knot nematode and FORL disease complexes.","PeriodicalId":301865,"journal":{"name":"Bitki Koruma Bülteni","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129961604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：