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2015 Twenty First National Conference on Communications (NCC)最新文献

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Investigation of different acoustic modeling techniques for low resource Indian language data 低资源印度语数据的不同声学建模技术研究
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084860
R. Sriranjani, B. MuraliKarthick, S. Umesh
In this paper, we investigate the performance of deep neural network (DNN) and Subspace Gaussian mixture model (SGMM) in low-resource condition. Even though DNN outperforms SGMM and continuous density hidden Markov models (CDHMM) for high-resource data, it degrades in performance while modeling low-resource data. Our experimental results show that SGMM outperforms DNN for limited transcribed data. To resolve this problem in DNN, we propose to train DNN containing bottleneck layer in two stages: First stage involves extraction of bottleneck features. In second stage, the extracted bottleneck features from first stage are used to train DNN having bottleneck layer. All our experiments are performed using two Indian languages (Tamil & Hindi) in Mandi database. Our proposed method shows improved performance when compared to baseline SGMM and DNN models for limited training data.
本文研究了深度神经网络(DNN)和子空间高斯混合模型(SGMM)在低资源条件下的性能。尽管DNN在高资源数据上优于SGMM和连续密度隐马尔可夫模型(CDHMM),但在建模低资源数据时,它的性能会下降。我们的实验结果表明,SGMM在有限的转录数据上优于DNN。为了在深度神经网络中解决这一问题,我们建议分两个阶段训练包含瓶颈层的深度神经网络:第一阶段涉及瓶颈特征的提取。第二阶段,利用第一阶段提取的瓶颈特征训练具有瓶颈层的深度神经网络。我们所有的实验都是在曼迪数据库中使用两种印度语言(泰米尔语和印地语)进行的。在有限的训练数据下,与基线SGMM和DNN模型相比,我们提出的方法表现出更高的性能。
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引用次数: 4
Digital modulation classification under non-Gaussian noise using sparse signal decomposition and maximum likelihood 基于稀疏信号分解和极大似然的非高斯噪声下的数字调制分类
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084889
Madhusmita Mohanty, U. Satija, Barathram Ramkumar, M. Manikandan
In recent years, automatic signal detection and modulation classification play a vital role in the field of cognitive radio applications. The majority of the existing signals detection and classification methods assume that the received signal is contaminated by additive white Gaussian noise. Under impulsive noise condition, the performance of the traditional modulation classification methods may be degraded. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the application of sparse signal decomposition using an overcomplete dictionary for detection and classification of digital modulation signals. The overcomplete hybrid dictionary consists of impulse waveform and sine and cosine waveform for effectively capturing morphological components of the impulse noise and deterministic modulated signals. The proposed modulation classification method includes the following steps: sparse signal decomposition (SSD) on hybrid dictionaries, modulated signal extraction, matched filtering, and maximum likelihood (ML) classification. The performance of the direct ML and SSD-based ML classification methods are tested and validated using different modulation techniques under different Gaussian and impulse noise conditions. The proposed system achieves a classification accuracy of 89 percent at 0 dB SNR and hence outperforms the direct ML method.
近年来,信号自动检测和调制分类在认知无线电应用领域发挥着至关重要的作用。现有的大多数信号检测和分类方法都假定接收信号被加性高斯白噪声污染。在脉冲噪声条件下,传统的调制分类方法的性能会下降。因此,在本文中,我们研究了使用过完备字典的稀疏信号分解在数字调制信号检测和分类中的应用。该过完备混合字典由脉冲波形和正弦余弦波形组成,可有效捕获脉冲噪声和确定性调制信号的形态分量。提出的调制分类方法包括:基于混合字典的稀疏信号分解(SSD)、调制信号提取、匹配滤波和最大似然分类。在不同的高斯噪声和脉冲噪声条件下,使用不同的调制技术对直接ML和基于ssd的ML分类方法的性能进行了测试和验证。该系统在0 dB信噪比下实现了89%的分类精度,因此优于直接ML方法。
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引用次数: 10
User-adaptive layer and power allocation for video multicast over wireless 无线视频组播的用户自适应层和功率分配
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084885
Rahul Jain, S. De
Determining the optimum multicast parameters is a challenge for point-to-multipoint video/multimedia transmission to a set of users with diverse device capabilities and channel conditions. Recent advancements in H.264/AVC video coding standard allow the users to receive video services based on their terminal capabilities and link quality. In this paper we propose an algorithm to determine the optimum transmission parameters, namely, number of layers and transmission power of each layer, for scalable video multicast over wireless. A utility based approach, that is sensitive to user capabilities and link conditions, is used for power control to deliver best user experience. The algorithm uses discontinuous transmission mode for saving power. An improvement varying from 20% to almost 50% has been observed as compared to the competitive algorithms. Performance improvement is much higher, with an average improvement varying from 40% to almost 100%, when the video is transmitted at higher data rates for short durations, thereby allowing users to save more power and enabling the service providers to make optimal use of system capacity.
确定最佳组播参数是点对多点视频/多媒体传输到一组具有不同设备能力和信道条件的用户的挑战。H.264/AVC视频编码标准的最新进展允许用户根据其终端功能和链路质量接收视频服务。本文提出了一种算法来确定可扩展无线视频组播的最佳传输参数,即每层的层数和传输功率。基于实用程序的方法对用户能力和链接条件敏感,用于功率控制以提供最佳用户体验。该算法采用不连续传输方式,节省功耗。与竞争算法相比,改进幅度从20%到近50%不等。当视频在短时间内以较高的数据速率传输时,性能的提高要高得多,平均提高幅度从40%到几乎100%不等,从而允许用户节省更多的电力,并使服务提供商能够最佳地利用系统容量。
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引用次数: 0
Analytical model for power savings in LTE networks using DRX mechanism 基于DRX机制的LTE网络节能分析模型
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084841
R. SyamaVarma, K. Sivalingam, Li-Ping Tung, Ying-Dar Lin
This paper presents an analytical model, based on a semi-Markov process, for determining the power savings achieved in a User Equipment (UE) device of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network using the Discontinuous Reception (DRX) mechanism. Systems with and without packet buffers and the UE and enodeB are presented in this paper. Using the models, it is possible to determine the savings in power attainable by the UE when different DRX sleep cycles and timers are used. The analytical models has been validated using a discrete-event simulation model. The numerical results show that it is possible to obtain UE power savings of up to 63%.
本文提出了一个基于半马尔可夫过程的分析模型,用于确定使用不连续接收(DRX)机制的长期演进(LTE)网络的用户设备(UE)设备的节能效果。本文介绍了具有和不具有包缓冲区的系统以及UE和enodeB。使用这些模型,可以确定当使用不同的DRX睡眠周期和计时器时,UE可以节省的功率。利用离散事件仿真模型对分析模型进行了验证。数值结果表明,可以获得高达63%的UE功耗节约。
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引用次数: 8
Design and implementation of a Multi-Terminal Channel Emulator on LTE TestBed LTE试验台多终端信道仿真器的设计与实现
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084853
K. Prahlad, B. Ramamurthi
The radio channel is a critical but independent element affecting a wireless communication system. It is highly time-varying and exhibits behaviors such as path loss, shadowing, multi-path fading and Doppler spread. In this paper, we discuss the design and implementation of a real-time Multi-Terminal Channel Emulator on an SDR (Software Defined Radio) platform for providing controlled variability of channel conditions to test wireless systems. The system design is split into three functions: (i) Channel generation on a PC (ii) Ethernet handling on a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), to receive the channel coefficients and update filters on an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and (iii) Application of the channel to the data on the FPGA (convolution). We propose a simple technique, where the unit can be used to emulate multiple user scenarios by just modifying the channel generation on the PC. This enables a single hardware unit to emulate multiple users with independent channels.
无线电信道是影响无线通信系统的一个关键但又独立的因素。它具有高度时变特性,表现出路径损耗、阴影、多径衰落和多普勒扩频等特性。在本文中,我们讨论了在SDR(软件定义无线电)平台上的实时多终端信道仿真器的设计和实现,以提供信道条件的可控可变性来测试无线系统。系统设计分为三个功能:(i)在PC上生成通道;(ii)在DSP(数字信号处理器)上处理以太网,接收FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)上的通道系数和更新滤波器;(iii)将通道应用于FPGA上的数据(卷积)。我们提出了一种简单的技术,该单元可以通过修改PC上的通道生成来模拟多个用户场景。这使得单个硬件单元能够模拟具有独立通道的多个用户。
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引用次数: 4
Dynamic object localization using hand-held cameras 使用手持相机的动态对象定位
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084827
S. Gullapally, S. R. Malireddi, S. Raman
We consider the problem of separating static and dynamic regions of a scene when the camera also undergoes motion while capturing still images. We assume that we do not have any other information about the scene and the camera settings. Given two images, we would like to estimate the static and dynamic regions corresponding to one image with respect to the other image. The proposed solution involves over-segmentation of the image and dense correspondence between the two images. We show that the proposed approach works well even when there are changes in illumination and exposure settings while capturing the two images. We evaluate the performance of the proposed approach by demonstrating the results on different scenes with complex object motions.
我们考虑了当相机在捕捉静止图像时也经历运动时,分离场景的静态和动态区域的问题。我们假设我们没有关于场景和相机设置的任何其他信息。给定两幅图像,我们想要估计相对于另一幅图像对应的静态和动态区域。提出的解决方案涉及图像的过度分割和两幅图像之间的密集对应。我们表明,即使在捕捉两幅图像时照明和曝光设置发生变化,所提出的方法也能很好地工作。我们通过在具有复杂物体运动的不同场景中展示结果来评估所提出方法的性能。
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引用次数: 3
Curvature point based HMM state prediction for online handwritten assamese strokes recognition 基于曲率点的HMM状态预测在线手写阿萨姆笔画识别
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084876
S. Mandal, S. Prasanna, S. Sundaram
Hidden Markov Models (HMM) are used in handwritten strokes recognition task. The two design parameters of HMM are the number of states and number of mixtures in each state. There are two approaches for finding the number of states, namely, equal number of states and variable number of states. Since the shape of strokes will be different, variable number of states approach should be beneficial. This work proposes a curvature point detection based method to predict variable number of states for modeling a handwritten stroke. The proposed method selects appropriate points from a trace so that the portion between two consecutive points is modeled as an HMM state. Accordingly, based upon handwritten stroke shape complexity, the number of appropriate points selected will change and hence the number of states assigned to the corresponding stroke. In the proposed method, the number of states is proportional to the shape complexity of the given stroke as opposed to fixed in case of brute-force. The HMM based stroke recognizer consisting of 181 distinct strokes, was trained on a set of 52,977 examples collected from approximately 100 native Assamese writers. The evaluation was done on 43,828 examples collected from same users in different sessions. The experimental results demonstrate the benefits of the proposed technique over the brute-force method, especially in case of complex shape strokes.
隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)用于手写笔画识别任务。HMM的两个设计参数是状态数和每种状态下的混合物数。求状态数的方法有两种,即等状态数法和变状态数法。由于笔画的形状会有所不同,可变状态数的方法应该是有益的。本文提出了一种基于曲率点检测的方法来预测手写笔画的可变状态数。该方法从轨迹中选择合适的点,从而将两个连续点之间的部分建模为HMM状态。因此,根据手写笔画形状的复杂性,所选择的适当点的数量将发生变化,从而分配给相应笔画的状态数量也将发生变化。在提出的方法中,状态的数量与给定笔画的形状复杂度成正比,而不是在暴力的情况下固定不变。基于HMM的笔画识别器由181种不同的笔画组成,在从大约100名阿萨姆邦本土作家收集的52,977个样本上进行了训练。对从不同会话的相同用户收集的43,828个示例进行了评估。实验结果表明,该方法优于蛮力方法,特别是在复杂形状笔画的情况下。
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引用次数: 4
Performance analysis of virtual optical bus networks 虚拟光总线网络的性能分析
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084874
S. Singh, R. Manivasakan
We analyze the performance of virtual optical bus (VOB) networks, which is a packet-oriented all-optical solution for transport networks. VOB groups the flows into clusters and coordinates their packets within each cluster in order to minimize the packet collision in the network. We theoretically study the multiplexing (grouping) of packets of flows in a VOB, by modeling a VOB node, in a VOB network, as a queuing system. We derive the expression for the packet loss rate due to inter-VOB collisions, and compare the performance (packet loss rate) of VOB with that of Optical Burst Switching (OBS). We show that the packet loss rate for VOB is upper bounded by the packet/burst loss rate of OBS.
本文分析了虚拟光总线(VOB)网络的性能,它是一种面向分组的全光传输网络解决方案。VOB将流分组到集群中,并在每个集群中协调它们的数据包,以最大限度地减少网络中的数据包冲突。通过将VOB网络中的VOB节点建模为排队系统,从理论上研究了VOB中信息流的多路复用(分组)问题。我们推导了VOB间碰撞导致的丢包率表达式,并比较了VOB和光突发交换(OBS)的性能(丢包率)。我们证明了VOB的丢包率的上限是OBS的包/突发丢包率。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of carrier aggregated OFDM signals in presence of dual band power amplifiers 双频功率放大器下载波聚合OFDM信号的分析
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084855
Priya Singhal, Parag Aggarwal, V. Bohara
We investigate the effects of nonlinear distortion on a carrier aggregated orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signal when it is transmitted through the concurrent dual band nonlinear high power amplifier. Theoretical analysis shows that the signal at the receiver comprises of the original transmitted signal multiplied by the complex phase shift, Gaussian nonlinear noise term and inherent additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The mathematical expressions for the Gaussian nonlinear noise due to inter channel interference and the complex phase shift due to channel impairments are derived. The output signal to noise ratio is evaluated from the derived expressions and hence symbol error rate (SER) for M-QAM is calculated theoretically. The simulations for SER using different power amplifier models are also presented to corroborate the theoretical analysis.
研究了非线性失真对载波聚合正交频分复用(OFDM)信号在双频带非线性高功率放大器中传输的影响。理论分析表明,接收机处信号由原始发射信号乘以复相移、高斯非线性噪声项和固有加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)组成。导出了信道间干扰引起的高斯非线性噪声和信道损伤引起的复相移的数学表达式。根据导出的表达式计算输出信噪比,从而从理论上计算M-QAM的符号错误率。通过对不同功率放大器模型的仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。
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引用次数: 8
Discrimination of melodic patterns in indian classical music 印度古典音乐中旋律模式的辨析
Pub Date : 2015-04-16 DOI: 10.1109/NCC.2015.7084866
K. Ganguli, P. Rao
The melodic phrases of a raga are an important cue to its identity. Artists, however, incorporate considerable creative variation within a raga phrase during performance while still preserving its identity in the ears of the listeners. It is of interest therefore to explore the boundaries of this categorization of phrase identity, given the space of musical variations in the tonal interval and duration dimensions. Such an endeavor can help better model musical similarity for music retrieval and pedagogy applications. In this work, we carry out melodic shape manipulations on a selected prominent phrase of raga Deshkar to study the subjective responses of musicians in comparison with non-musicians in terms of perceived discrimination of the controlled variations. A method is presented for deriving musically consistent synthetic stimuli for listening. Subjective responses on the discrimination and identification tasks are presented along with a discussion on possible perceptual mechanisms at play.
拉格的旋律乐句是其身份的重要线索。然而,艺术家们在表演中融入了相当多的创造性变化,同时在听众的耳朵里仍然保持了它的特性。因此,考虑到音程和持续时间维度的音乐变化空间,探索这种短语身份分类的边界是有意义的。这样的努力可以帮助更好地为音乐检索和教学应用建立音乐相似度模型。在这项工作中,我们对拉格·德什卡的一个突出的乐句进行了旋律形状操纵,以研究音乐家与非音乐家在对控制变化的感知歧视方面的主观反应。提出了一种方法,以获得音乐一致的合成刺激听。对歧视和识别任务的主观反应,以及讨论可能的感知机制在发挥作用。
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引用次数: 14
期刊
2015 Twenty First National Conference on Communications (NCC)
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