I. Shimizu, T. Hatano, N. Tsuda, S. Hoshino, Takuya Katou
Many hydropower plants of J-Power were constructed more than 50 years ago. The geological risk assessment of the unlined tunnel such as waterway tunnel has been carried out for the steady maintenance of these old power plants since 2015. The laser measurement by the Handheld Laser Scanner was conducted in the unlined tunnel to improve efficiency and accuracy of the geological survey for the geological risk assessment. This report describes the method and the results of the measurement. Firstly, a preliminary measurement by the Handheld Laser Scanner was conducted in access tunnels with unlined parts of two underground power plants to confirm performance such as accuracy at the measurement. The accuracy of the measurement was within about 10 cm of actual measured value. Later, the Handheld Laser Scanner was applied to a collapsed unlined waterway tunnel. Surface roughness and discontinuities on the bedrock can be visualized by computer from the acquired high density point cloud data. As a result, it was possible to grasp three-dimensional shapes of the tunnel conveniently and efficiently. Furthermore, we confirmed that highly accurate geological model can be produced by combining geological observation.
{"title":"On the Case Example of the Application of the Handheld Laser Scanner to the Geological Risk Assessment of the Unlined Tunnel","authors":"I. Shimizu, T. Hatano, N. Tsuda, S. Hoshino, Takuya Katou","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.58.395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.58.395","url":null,"abstract":"Many hydropower plants of J-Power were constructed more than 50 years ago. The geological risk assessment of the unlined tunnel such as waterway tunnel has been carried out for the steady maintenance of these old power plants since 2015. The laser measurement by the Handheld Laser Scanner was conducted in the unlined tunnel to improve efficiency and accuracy of the geological survey for the geological risk assessment. This report describes the method and the results of the measurement. Firstly, a preliminary measurement by the Handheld Laser Scanner was conducted in access tunnels with unlined parts of two underground power plants to confirm performance such as accuracy at the measurement. The accuracy of the measurement was within about 10 cm of actual measured value. Later, the Handheld Laser Scanner was applied to a collapsed unlined waterway tunnel. Surface roughness and discontinuities on the bedrock can be visualized by computer from the acquired high density point cloud data. As a result, it was possible to grasp three-dimensional shapes of the tunnel conveniently and efficiently. Furthermore, we confirmed that highly accurate geological model can be produced by combining geological observation.","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128400108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Construction of a Geological Information Management System Using AI, CIM and Image Processing Technology","authors":"S. Utsuki, M. Nakaya, R. Tsuruta","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.58.408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.58.408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115770389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Katayama, Takahiro Mitsutake, S. Nomura, S. Ishihama, T. Nakade, Yousuke Doi, Takenobu Horikawa
{"title":"A Report of Investigation, Design and Construction of Large-Scale Slope Disaster Prevention Works Using the ICT.: ―Sabo Disaster-Related Emergency Project（Direct Control） at the Aso Ohashi Bridge Area―","authors":"M. Katayama, Takahiro Mitsutake, S. Nomura, S. Ishihama, T. Nakade, Yousuke Doi, Takenobu Horikawa","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.58.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.58.387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133340033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Foot Print of A Japanese Engineering Geologist in South East Asia","authors":"K. Takeda","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.58.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.58.331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116383151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and Applicability of Chirp Radar for the Extending of the Penetration Depth","authors":"Toshimune Imai, S. Yamada","doi":"10.5110/jjseg.58.324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/jjseg.58.324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116807507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Ooyama, Joji Kisanuki, Y. Miyamoto, Naohito Usumoto, N. Shimada, Jyunji Irisa, K. Shimada
{"title":"Arsenic Host Minerals in the Shibi-san Granitic Pluton, Kagoshima, and Their Oxidative Dissolution","authors":"Y. Ooyama, Joji Kisanuki, Y. Miyamoto, Naohito Usumoto, N. Shimada, Jyunji Irisa, K. Shimada","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.58.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.58.264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124431360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Doi, T. Kamai, Akira Sato, Gong-hui Wang, M. Chigira, Yoshito Ogawauchi, M. Kawashima
In order to elucidate the behavior of a slope during earthquake shaking, we developed a new integrated sensor of accelerometer and inclinometer. The sensor was designed to need a small amount of electricity supply and be water-and pressure-proofed at a depth of 100 m so that it is installed into the boreholes in mountainous slope areas. Setting these sensors with a vertical array at a gravitationally deformed slope in the Shimanto accretionary complex in the Kii Peninsula, we have successfully recorded an earthquake with magnitude 6.5 on Apr. 1, 2016, which occurred in the source region of the Tonankai-earthquake. Using the obtained seismic waveform records, we estimated the amplification character of the slope. As a result, we found that the amplitudes in the frequency band of 1-6Hz are 2-7 times larger in the gravitationally deformed block （at 25m） than those in the fixed point （at 65m）. On the other hand, the amplitudes in the frequency band of 6-8Hz are 1.5-2 times larger on the surface, compared with those in the gravitationally deformed block and the bedrock.
{"title":"Seismic Observation at a Gravitationally Deformed Slope: ―Using a New Integrated Probe of Accelerometer and Inclinometer Sensors―","authors":"I. Doi, T. Kamai, Akira Sato, Gong-hui Wang, M. Chigira, Yoshito Ogawauchi, M. Kawashima","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.58.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.58.94","url":null,"abstract":"In order to elucidate the behavior of a slope during earthquake shaking, we developed a new integrated sensor of accelerometer and inclinometer. The sensor was designed to need a small amount of electricity supply and be water-and pressure-proofed at a depth of 100 m so that it is installed into the boreholes in mountainous slope areas. Setting these sensors with a vertical array at a gravitationally deformed slope in the Shimanto accretionary complex in the Kii Peninsula, we have successfully recorded an earthquake with magnitude 6.5 on Apr. 1, 2016, which occurred in the source region of the Tonankai-earthquake. Using the obtained seismic waveform records, we estimated the amplification character of the slope. As a result, we found that the amplitudes in the frequency band of 1-6Hz are 2-7 times larger in the gravitationally deformed block （at 25m） than those in the fixed point （at 65m）. On the other hand, the amplitudes in the frequency band of 6-8Hz are 1.5-2 times larger on the surface, compared with those in the gravitationally deformed block and the bedrock.","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126464502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Research on the Permeability of Rock from the Viewpoint of Crack and Pore Geometry","authors":"T. Takemura","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.58.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.58.39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121216835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Takahashi Manabu, Minemura Haruka, Sato Minoru, Cheon Dae-Sung
To investigate differences on permeability and three dimensional void geometry in two sandstones, permeability evolution by increasing confining pressure was measured and its relationship to three dimensional geometrical information was analyzed with micro focus X-Ray CT. In this research, Berea sandstone and Otway sandstone were used as a specimen, and their total porosity measured by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry were 18% and 25%, respectively. Pore size distribution of both sandstones was an unimodal manner, but that of Otway sandstone showed slightly narrower peak around 5～7μm. Permeability in both sandstones decreased with increasing effective confining pressure, but its absolute value of Otway sandstone was lower by one order of magnitude than that of Berea sandstone. Three dimensional medial axis method was adopted to compare pore geometry in two sandstones. Several geometrical information was obtained such as pore and throat radius, pore coordination number, tortuosity, number of connecting path, connecting path volume and so on. Otway sandstone was characterized as a large frequency in effective throat/ pore radius ratio. In fluid flow mechanism, the larger number of effective throat/pore radius ratio exists in sandstone specimen, the more fluid pressure potential consume. There is some possibility that the magnitude of the radius ratio with adjacent voids governs permeability of sandstone.
{"title":"Permeability and Three Dimensional Void Space Information in Sandstone Specimens with Different Porosity","authors":"Takahashi Manabu, Minemura Haruka, Sato Minoru, Cheon Dae-Sung","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.58.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.58.32","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate differences on permeability and three dimensional void geometry in two sandstones, permeability evolution by increasing confining pressure was measured and its relationship to three dimensional geometrical information was analyzed with micro focus X-Ray CT. In this research, Berea sandstone and Otway sandstone were used as a specimen, and their total porosity measured by Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry were 18% and 25%, respectively. Pore size distribution of both sandstones was an unimodal manner, but that of Otway sandstone showed slightly narrower peak around 5～7μm. Permeability in both sandstones decreased with increasing effective confining pressure, but its absolute value of Otway sandstone was lower by one order of magnitude than that of Berea sandstone. Three dimensional medial axis method was adopted to compare pore geometry in two sandstones. Several geometrical information was obtained such as pore and throat radius, pore coordination number, tortuosity, number of connecting path, connecting path volume and so on. Otway sandstone was characterized as a large frequency in effective throat/ pore radius ratio. In fluid flow mechanism, the larger number of effective throat/pore radius ratio exists in sandstone specimen, the more fluid pressure potential consume. There is some possibility that the magnitude of the radius ratio with adjacent voids governs permeability of sandstone.","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127047082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, a set of adequate mapping methods for landform analysis in steep rock walls has been proposed and its efficiency has been confirmed. Two rock walls were selected in Fukuoka Castle ruins. Recently, the DEM has been easily calculated via photogrammetry using SfM with coordinated control points. The map image of the steep slopes calculated from the DEM is not always available to show sufficient landform because of the small horizontal extension comparing to the vertical one. To convert the coordinates of the three control points on a wall, the geometrical meaning has been recognized and calculation formulas using spreadsheet software for the parallel and rotational movements have been created. They are converted from their original coordinates to new ones．They are at the origin, on the X-axis and on the XY plane. The converted DEM of the wall was calculated via photogrammetry using SfM with the converted coordinate data of these points. In addition, landform analyses of the contour and relief maps were conducted using GIS with the DEM. Consequently, the roughness or relief due to piled stones from the maps is easier to be recognized than those on maps using the general DEM before conversion. In addition, averaging of the DEM on some unit area was conducted using a spatial-filtering GIS function. Therefore, it can be concluded that if the averaged DEM can represent an ideal landform of the wall, the degree and extent of its deformation can be estimated. This study explains the significance of the coordinate conversion of the control points before the DEM analysis in SfM and the importance of the DEM-scale adjustment before the landform analysis via GIS. Consequently, the proposed set of methods could be used for solving steep slope problems in engineering geology.
{"title":"Mapping the Images of Landforms for Steep Rock Walls via SfM and GIS","authors":"Takahito Kuroki","doi":"10.5110/JJSEG.57.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5110/JJSEG.57.295","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a set of adequate mapping methods for landform analysis in steep rock walls has been proposed and its efficiency has been confirmed. Two rock walls were selected in Fukuoka Castle ruins. Recently, the DEM has been easily calculated via photogrammetry using SfM with coordinated control points. The map image of the steep slopes calculated from the DEM is not always available to show sufficient landform because of the small horizontal extension comparing to the vertical one. To convert the coordinates of the three control points on a wall, the geometrical meaning has been recognized and calculation formulas using spreadsheet software for the parallel and rotational movements have been created. They are converted from their original coordinates to new ones．They are at the origin, on the X-axis and on the XY plane. The converted DEM of the wall was calculated via photogrammetry using SfM with the converted coordinate data of these points. In addition, landform analyses of the contour and relief maps were conducted using GIS with the DEM. Consequently, the roughness or relief due to piled stones from the maps is easier to be recognized than those on maps using the general DEM before conversion. In addition, averaging of the DEM on some unit area was conducted using a spatial-filtering GIS function. Therefore, it can be concluded that if the averaged DEM can represent an ideal landform of the wall, the degree and extent of its deformation can be estimated. This study explains the significance of the coordinate conversion of the control points before the DEM analysis in SfM and the importance of the DEM-scale adjustment before the landform analysis via GIS. Consequently, the proposed set of methods could be used for solving steep slope problems in engineering geology.","PeriodicalId":303204,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Society of Engineering Geology","volume":"126 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121189402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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