Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15619
Hossein Esmaeili, S. M. Joghataei
Background: Meningoencephalitic listeriosis is a significant disease affecting goats and sheep, with potential implications for public health. This study aimed to investigate and report the occurrence, clinical manifestation, laboratory findings, and further understanding of neurolisteriosis in the goat and sheep populations in Tehran, Qazvin, and Kurdistan provinces of Iran. Methods: From 2018 to 2021, a program was implemented to monitor multiple flocks for meningoencephalitic listeriosis. Clinical manifestations of animals that showed suspected neurological signs of listeriosis (19 animals) were recorded, and necropsies were performed. Sampling of the brain tissue of infected animals was done. The specimens underwent a 'cold-enrichment' procedure, and subsequent culture and biochemical tests were conducted to confirm the presence of Listeria monocytogenes. Results: According to the clinical and bacteriological findings, 19 animals were diagnosed with neurolisteriosis. The affected animals exhibited various signs of the disease, including head deviation, head tilt, head pressing, mouthfuls, walking in circles, drooping of the ear, and unilateral hypalgesia. L. monocytogenes was isolated from brain samples of 11 animals. Conclusion: The study revealed potential indications of meningoencephalitic listeriosis in certain breeds of goats and sheep. Recognizing these typical signs can contribute to early detection, diagnosis, and proper management of listeriosis cases, improving welfare and health outcomes for affected animals. The results underscore the importance of strengthened disease surveillance, prevention, and control strategies.
{"title":"Meningoencephalitic Listeriosis in Iranian Sheep and Goats","authors":"Hossein Esmaeili, S. M. Joghataei","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15619","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Meningoencephalitic listeriosis is a significant disease affecting goats and sheep, with potential implications for public health. This study aimed to investigate and report the occurrence, clinical manifestation, laboratory findings, and further understanding of neurolisteriosis in the goat and sheep populations in Tehran, Qazvin, and Kurdistan provinces of Iran. \u0000Methods: From 2018 to 2021, a program was implemented to monitor multiple flocks for meningoencephalitic listeriosis. Clinical manifestations of animals that showed suspected neurological signs of listeriosis (19 animals) were recorded, and necropsies were performed. Sampling of the brain tissue of infected animals was done. The specimens underwent a 'cold-enrichment' procedure, and subsequent culture and biochemical tests were conducted to confirm the presence of Listeria monocytogenes. \u0000Results: According to the clinical and bacteriological findings, 19 animals were diagnosed with neurolisteriosis. The affected animals exhibited various signs of the disease, including head deviation, head tilt, head pressing, mouthfuls, walking in circles, drooping of the ear, and unilateral hypalgesia. L. monocytogenes was isolated from brain samples of 11 animals. \u0000Conclusion: The study revealed potential indications of meningoencephalitic listeriosis in certain breeds of goats and sheep. Recognizing these typical signs can contribute to early detection, diagnosis, and proper management of listeriosis cases, improving welfare and health outcomes for affected animals. The results underscore the importance of strengthened disease surveillance, prevention, and control strategies.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15626
Shahriar Bakhti, Ahdiyeh Saghabashi, Shahrzad Aliniay Sharafshadehi, Samad Rastmanesh, N. Bostanghadiri, Ali Jalilpiran, Javad Fathi, Alireza Gholipour Shahraki, Fatemeh Sameni
Background: Quorum sensing (QS) is one of the main regulatory systems which have various effects on populations of microorganisms. This process has been found in a diverse array of microorganisms (various bacterial taxa, microalgae and fungi). QS is required for different activities of microorganisms such as, virulence factor secretion, motility, competence, biofilm and sporulation. There are different molecules as signals in disparate microorganisms. Biofilm formation is one of the significant functions of QS. Biofilms are groups of microorganisms that are tied to a surface (biotic or abiotic). One of the remarkable effects of biofilm formation seems to be the persistence against hostile environmental condistions. Biofilm formation have been widely reported as a pathogenesis strategy in microorganisms. Here we describe QS and biofilm formation in some important microorganisms and describe some of the suggested strategies for eradication of microbial biofilms. Conclusion: Inhibition of biofilms formation can have detectable effects on the treatment of infectous diseases. In this line, multiple approaches have been suggested to inhibit the biofilm formation by microorganisms.
{"title":"Biofilm Formation by Quorum Sensing and Manners to Deal It","authors":"Shahriar Bakhti, Ahdiyeh Saghabashi, Shahrzad Aliniay Sharafshadehi, Samad Rastmanesh, N. Bostanghadiri, Ali Jalilpiran, Javad Fathi, Alireza Gholipour Shahraki, Fatemeh Sameni","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15626","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Quorum sensing (QS) is one of the main regulatory systems which have various effects on populations of microorganisms. This process has been found in a diverse array of microorganisms (various bacterial taxa, microalgae and fungi). QS is required for different activities of microorganisms such as, virulence factor secretion, motility, competence, biofilm and sporulation. There are different molecules as signals in disparate microorganisms. Biofilm formation is one of the significant functions of QS. Biofilms are groups of microorganisms that are tied to a surface (biotic or abiotic). One of the remarkable effects of biofilm formation seems to be the persistence against hostile environmental condistions. Biofilm formation have been widely reported as a pathogenesis strategy in microorganisms. Here we describe QS and biofilm formation in some important microorganisms and describe some of the suggested strategies for eradication of microbial biofilms. \u0000Conclusion: Inhibition of biofilms formation can have detectable effects on the treatment of infectous diseases. In this line, multiple approaches have been suggested to inhibit the biofilm formation by microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"16 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15622
Mohamad Mahjoor, Abolfazl Askari, Mansoor Khaledi, Hamed Afkhami, Hamed Sadeghi-Dehsahraei, Javad Arabpour, Javad Fathi, Amir Valizadeh, Mohammad Esmaeil Amini, Mohammad Esmkhani, Reza Safarinia, Zahra Mottaghiyan
Background: ABO blood types are not known to cause diseases directly, but they can be vulnerable and surrender to diseases and health problems. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility to COVID-19 in individuals with different blood groups at different ages. Methods: An electronic health record was used in this retrospective cohort study at Shahid Beheshti Hospital. We studied 858 patients who were referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, we identified 434 of them as COVID-19 patients using RT-PCR. An analysis of the electronic record involved collecting retrospective laboratory data and demographic information, including age, sex, and blood type. Next, we examined the differences between the ABO blood groups of COVID-19 patients and the control group (1991 case). We used SPSS26 for statistical computations. Data were scrutinizeed with the χ2 test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically outstanding. Results: Based on the distribution of ABO blood groups in 434 COVID-19 patients, it was revealed that 288 of them were male and 146 were female, and the majority of them were in their third decade of life. A total of 159 patients (36.6%) had type B blood, 116 had type A (26.7%), 109 had type O (25.1%), and 50 had type AB (11.5%). COVID-19 patients had a higher percentage of type B and AB blood than the control group.
背景：据了解，ABO 血型不会直接导致疾病，但却很容易导致疾病和健康问题。本研究旨在评估不同年龄段的不同血型个体对 COVID-19 的易感性。研究方法这项回顾性队列研究使用了沙希德-贝赫什提医院的电子健康记录。我们对转诊到沙希德-贝赫什提医院的 858 名患者进行了研究，并通过 RT-PCR 确定了其中 434 名患者为 COVID-19 患者。对电子病历的分析包括收集回顾性实验室数据和人口统计学信息，包括年龄、性别和血型。接下来，我们研究了 COVID-19 患者的 ABO 血型与对照组（1991 例）的差异。我们使用 SPSS26 进行统计计算。数据采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果根据 434 例 COVID-19 患者的 ABO 血型分布情况，发现其中 288 例为男性，146 例为女性，且大多数患者的年龄在 30 岁左右。共有 159 名患者（36.6%）为 B 型血，116 名为 A 型（26.7%），109 名为 O 型（25.1%），50 名为 AB 型（11.5%）。与对照组相比，COVID-19 患者的 B 型血和 AB 型血比例更高。
{"title":"Relationship between Blood Groups and the Risk of Covid-19 Infection; a Cohort Study","authors":"Mohamad Mahjoor, Abolfazl Askari, Mansoor Khaledi, Hamed Afkhami, Hamed Sadeghi-Dehsahraei, Javad Arabpour, Javad Fathi, Amir Valizadeh, Mohammad Esmaeil Amini, Mohammad Esmkhani, Reza Safarinia, Zahra Mottaghiyan","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15622","url":null,"abstract":"Background: ABO blood types are not known to cause diseases directly, but they can be vulnerable and surrender to diseases and health problems. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility to COVID-19 in individuals with different blood groups at different ages. \u0000Methods: An electronic health record was used in this retrospective cohort study at Shahid Beheshti Hospital. We studied 858 patients who were referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, we identified 434 of them as COVID-19 patients using RT-PCR. An analysis of the electronic record involved collecting retrospective laboratory data and demographic information, including age, sex, and blood type. Next, we examined the differences between the ABO blood groups of COVID-19 patients and the control group (1991 case). We used SPSS26 for statistical computations. Data were scrutinizeed with the χ2 test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically outstanding. \u0000Results: Based on the distribution of ABO blood groups in 434 COVID-19 patients, it was revealed that 288 of them were male and 146 were female, and the majority of them were in their third decade of life. A total of 159 patients (36.6%) had type B blood, 116 had type A (26.7%), 109 had type O (25.1%), and 50 had type AB (11.5%). COVID-19 patients had a higher percentage of type B and AB blood than the control group.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"42 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Since HCV virus is the primary cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer, prompt diagnosis and timely treatment of this disease can prevent many complications. Due to the importance and necessity of this study, it aims to comparatively evaluate RT-PCR and ELISA methods in order to detect the presence of HCV infection in patients admitted to Baghiyatallah Hospital. Methods: Sera of 49 patients admitted to Baghiyatallah Hospital since September, 2019 to August, 2020, were tested for RNA detection of HCV virus using RT-PCR and for the presence of anti-HCV antibody at the same time. Results: In this study, the mean age of patients was approximately 38.3+6.3. The percentage of positive cases of HCV virus in the studied patients according to ELISA test and PCR test were 28.6% and 20.4%, respectively. Percentage of HCV positive cases had p = 0.001 based on PCR and ELISA tests by age group, number of sexual partners, history previous HCV infection, liver cirrhosis, addiction and treatment of previous HCV infection which was significantly different; However, it was not significant in terms of gender (p = 0.5232). According to Kappa coefficient, the percentage of agreement is 91.8 in both methods which indicates that the two models are consistent (P = 0.001) and the diagnostic value of ELISA versus PCR with sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 89.7%, respectively. Conclusion: ELISA susceptibility to anti-HCV antibody is more than 99%, but its specificity is low compared to RT-PCR method. On the other hand, these tests show only hepatitis C affection and does not distinguish between chronic acute or improved infection. It is not able to detect patients in the window phase, so the simultaneous application of ELISA and molecular methods is recommended to diagnose and follow the treatment of HCV virus.
{"title":"Comparison of RT-PCR and ELISA Methods in the Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Virus in Patients","authors":"Faeze Beik Mahdavi, Haniyeh Bashizadehfakhar, Melika Jalalian, Shaghayegh Rangraz","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15623","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since HCV virus is the primary cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer, prompt diagnosis and timely treatment of this disease can prevent many complications. Due to the importance and necessity of this study, it aims to comparatively evaluate RT-PCR and ELISA methods in order to detect the presence of HCV infection in patients admitted to Baghiyatallah Hospital. \u0000Methods: Sera of 49 patients admitted to Baghiyatallah Hospital since September, 2019 to August, 2020, were tested for RNA detection of HCV virus using RT-PCR and for the presence of anti-HCV antibody at the same time. \u0000Results: In this study, the mean age of patients was approximately 38.3+6.3. The percentage of positive cases of HCV virus in the studied patients according to ELISA test and PCR test were 28.6% and 20.4%, respectively. Percentage of HCV positive cases had p = 0.001 based on PCR and ELISA tests by age group, number of sexual partners, history previous HCV infection, liver cirrhosis, addiction and treatment of previous HCV infection which was significantly different; However, it was not significant in terms of gender (p = 0.5232). According to Kappa coefficient, the percentage of agreement is 91.8 in both methods which indicates that the two models are consistent (P = 0.001) and the diagnostic value of ELISA versus PCR with sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 89.7%, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: ELISA susceptibility to anti-HCV antibody is more than 99%, but its specificity is low compared to RT-PCR method. On the other hand, these tests show only hepatitis C affection and does not distinguish between chronic acute or improved infection. It is not able to detect patients in the window phase, so the simultaneous application of ELISA and molecular methods is recommended to diagnose and follow the treatment of HCV virus.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15621
Haniyeh Bashi Zadeh Fakhar, Sara Kazemirad, Melika Jalalian, Sahar Rabie Pour
Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the commonest cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections. This research aimed at scrutinizing the Chlamydia trachomatis screening tests with vaginal samples and at investigating the correlation between Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the abortion incidence. Methods: The current Cross sectional study was done at gynecology clinic of Razi Hospital in Chalus, Iran between August 2017 and January 2018. Fifty vaginal swabs were collected and detecting C. trachomatis DNA was done. Chi-square test and Independent t-test compared the variables. P <0.001 was significant Results: The total C. trachomatis infection prevalence was 5(10%) in endocervical swabs. A significant difference was found between duration of sexual activity and Chlamydia infection. No significant difference was detected between detection of Chlamydia l and abnormal vaginal discharged. Conclusion: Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the women experiencing a miscarriage should be done and, if positive, they should be treated to inhibit recurrent miscarriages.
{"title":"Molecular Diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis in Women with Frequent Abortions","authors":"Haniyeh Bashi Zadeh Fakhar, Sara Kazemirad, Melika Jalalian, Sahar Rabie Pour","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15621","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the commonest cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections. This research aimed at scrutinizing the Chlamydia trachomatis screening tests with vaginal samples and at investigating the correlation between Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the abortion incidence. \u0000Methods: The current Cross sectional study was done at gynecology clinic of Razi Hospital in Chalus, Iran between August 2017 and January 2018. Fifty vaginal swabs were collected and detecting C. trachomatis DNA was done. Chi-square test and Independent t-test compared the variables. P <0.001 was significant \u0000Results: The total C. trachomatis infection prevalence was 5(10%) in endocervical swabs. A significant difference was found between duration of sexual activity and Chlamydia infection. No significant difference was detected between detection of Chlamydia l and abnormal vaginal discharged. \u0000Conclusion: Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the women experiencing a miscarriage should be done and, if positive, they should be treated to inhibit recurrent miscarriages.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15625
D. Gandhi
Background: This article examines the possible correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and alopecia areata, a condition characterized by hair loss. Despite H. pylori's conventional association with gastrointestinal problems, recent investigations have explored its potential links to autoimmune disorders, including alopecia areata. Early research suggested a higher prevalence of H. pylori in alopecia patients, but subsequent studies presented conflicting findings. Some studies measured H. pylori surface antigen (HpSag) in stool samples, yielding diverse outcomes. Another study used the urea breath test (UBT) and found a significant association between H. pylori and alopecia areata. A unique case demonstrated symptom control and disease remission following H. pylori eradication. However, the article highlights the inconclusive nature of existing research, the limitations of study designs and the absence of post-eradication data on alopecia symptoms. Conclusion: The need for more advanced studies is emphasized, along with the importance of exploring therapeutic implications. The article concludes that while intriguing, the potential link between H. pylori and alopecia areata requires more comprehensive research, especially in diverse demographic groups, to gain a better understanding of its universality and broader implications.
{"title":"Helicobacter Pylori and Alopecia Areata: A True Association or Coincidental Finding?","authors":"D. Gandhi","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15625","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This article examines the possible correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and alopecia areata, a condition characterized by hair loss. Despite H. pylori's conventional association with gastrointestinal problems, recent investigations have explored its potential links to autoimmune disorders, including alopecia areata. Early research suggested a higher prevalence of H. pylori in alopecia patients, but subsequent studies presented conflicting findings. Some studies measured H. pylori surface antigen (HpSag) in stool samples, yielding diverse outcomes. Another study used the urea breath test (UBT) and found a significant association between H. pylori and alopecia areata. A unique case demonstrated symptom control and disease remission following H. pylori eradication. However, the article highlights the inconclusive nature of existing research, the limitations of study designs and the absence of post-eradication data on alopecia symptoms. \u0000Conclusion: The need for more advanced studies is emphasized, along with the importance of exploring therapeutic implications. The article concludes that while intriguing, the potential link between H. pylori and alopecia areata requires more comprehensive research, especially in diverse demographic groups, to gain a better understanding of its universality and broader implications.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"27 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In 2019, the first cases of an acute respiratory infectious disease were announced in the city of Wuhan, China. In places where the speed of transmission and the resulting high prevalence and death from this virus is high, it is important to find things that help prevent and reduce the symptoms and complications of the disease, one of these things. Things are serum levels of vitamin D. As a result of this study, serum levels of vitamin D were measured in patients with Covid-19. Methods: From December to March of 1400, 100 samples of people hospitalized in Khurshid laboratory were examined to identify the RNA of the Covid-19 virus by Real Time PCR method and at the same time to check the serum levels of vitamin D. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The average age of the patients was between 12.45 and 40.8 years. Comparison the two Covid-19 positive and negative groups in terms of symptoms, it was found that the patients with RH positive had more positive PCR percentage and a significant difference was reported between RH positive and Covid-19 (p=0.006). In comparing the relationship between disease symptoms and the rate of PCR positive reports of gastrointestinal symptoms, history of significant disease, cough, fever, a significant difference was reported (p<0.001). Also, 50% of the samples were PCR positive. Based on the t-test, a significant difference was reported between the serum levels of vitamin D and Covid-19 (p<0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that the vitamin D is an acceptable protective factor against Covid19 infection and its deficiency increases the probability of infection.
背景：2019 年，中国武汉市公布了首例急性呼吸道传染病病例。在这种病毒传播速度快并由此导致高发病率和高死亡率的地方，找到有助于预防和减少疾病症状和并发症的东西非常重要，其中之一。本研究对 Covid-19 患者的血清维生素 D 水平进行了测量。方法：从 1400 年 12 月到 3 月，对胡尔希德实验室的 100 份住院病人样本进行了检查，通过实时 PCR 方法鉴定 Covid-19 病毒的 RNA，同时检查血清中维生素 D 的水平。结果患者的平均年龄在 12.45 岁至 40.8 岁之间。比较两组 Covid-19 阳性和阴性患者的症状，发现 RH 阳性患者的 PCR 阳性率更高，且 RH 阳性与 Covid-19 阳性之间存在显著差异（P=0.006）。在比较疾病症状与胃肠道症状、重大疾病史、咳嗽、发热的 PCR 阳性率之间的关系时，发现两者之间存在显著差异（P<0.001）。此外，50% 的样本呈 PCR 阳性。根据 t 检验，维生素 D 和 Covid-19 的血清水平之间存在显著差异（p<0.001）。结论结果表明，维生素 D 是预防 Covid19 感染的一个可接受的保护因素，缺乏维生素 D 会增加感染的几率。
{"title":"Determination of Serum Vitamin D Levels in Patients with COVID-19","authors":"Nasim Kazemi Noraldinvand, Haniyeh Bashi Zadeh Fakhar, Forouzan Rostami, Shaghyegh Rangraz, Parnian Sadat Shahidi","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i2.15620","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In 2019, the first cases of an acute respiratory infectious disease were announced in the city of Wuhan, China. In places where the speed of transmission and the resulting high prevalence and death from this virus is high, it is important to find things that help prevent and reduce the symptoms and complications of the disease, one of these things. Things are serum levels of vitamin D. As a result of this study, serum levels of vitamin D were measured in patients with Covid-19. \u0000Methods: From December to March of 1400, 100 samples of people hospitalized in Khurshid laboratory were examined to identify the RNA of the Covid-19 virus by Real Time PCR method and at the same time to check the serum levels of vitamin D. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS software. \u0000Results: The average age of the patients was between 12.45 and 40.8 years. Comparison the two Covid-19 positive and negative groups in terms of symptoms, it was found that the patients with RH positive had more positive PCR percentage and a significant difference was reported between RH positive and Covid-19 (p=0.006). In comparing the relationship between disease symptoms and the rate of PCR positive reports of gastrointestinal symptoms, history of significant disease, cough, fever, a significant difference was reported (p<0.001). Also, 50% of the samples were PCR positive. Based on the t-test, a significant difference was reported between the serum levels of vitamin D and Covid-19 (p<0.001). \u0000Conclusion: The results showed that the vitamin D is an acceptable protective factor against Covid19 infection and its deficiency increases the probability of infection.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"50 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15022
Elaheh Zadeh Hosseingholi, Ghader Molavi, Mohammad Sadra Mohammadi
Background: A. baumannii is a gram-negative pathogen that has become one of the most important challenges in the world due to its high antibiotic resistance, and today many efforts are being made to treat infections caused by it. In recent years, there have been many concerns about increasing resistance to the beta-lactam antibiotic, carbapenem. Because resistance to these antibiotics greatly narrows the treatment options for the infections. The main source of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii is the production of class D carbapenemase enzymes. Methods: In this study, 27 plant ligands that have been shown to have antibacterial effects against A. baumannii and other resistant bacteria were selected. The chemical structure of the ligands and the three-dimensional structure of carbapenemase OXA-58 were extracted. The requirements of oral consumption of ligands were examined and ligand and OXA-58 docking were performed. 9 ligands including baicalein, berberine, curcumin, ellagic acid, epicatechin, honokiol, magnolol, norwogonin, and thymol, which met the requirements of Rule 5 and had better binding affinity than 6-alphahydroxymethyl penicillanate were selected. Redocking with a focus on the active position was performed by AutoDock software. Results: The amino acids involved in the hydrogen bonding of an antibiotic-representative ligand to the receptor were identified. Ligands that bind to at least one of these amino acids at the binding site by hydrogen bond were selected. Pharmacological and toxicity studies were performed and finally, the epicatechin ligand was introduced as the best ligand. Conclusion: Plant ligands can be further investigated as promising antibiotic adjuvants and used in the future.
{"title":"In Silico Exploring of the Antibiotic Adjuvant Potential of some Natural Ligands in Carbapenem-Resistance Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"Elaheh Zadeh Hosseingholi, Ghader Molavi, Mohammad Sadra Mohammadi","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A. baumannii is a gram-negative pathogen that has become one of the most important challenges in the world due to its high antibiotic resistance, and today many efforts are being made to treat infections caused by it. In recent years, there have been many concerns about increasing resistance to the beta-lactam antibiotic, carbapenem. Because resistance to these antibiotics greatly narrows the treatment options for the infections. The main source of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii is the production of class D carbapenemase enzymes. \u0000Methods: In this study, 27 plant ligands that have been shown to have antibacterial effects against A. baumannii and other resistant bacteria were selected. The chemical structure of the ligands and the three-dimensional structure of carbapenemase OXA-58 were extracted. The requirements of oral consumption of ligands were examined and ligand and OXA-58 docking were performed. 9 ligands including baicalein, berberine, curcumin, ellagic acid, epicatechin, honokiol, magnolol, norwogonin, and thymol, which met the requirements of Rule 5 and had better binding affinity than 6-alphahydroxymethyl penicillanate were selected. Redocking with a focus on the active position was performed by AutoDock software. \u0000Results: The amino acids involved in the hydrogen bonding of an antibiotic-representative ligand to the receptor were identified. Ligands that bind to at least one of these amino acids at the binding site by hydrogen bond were selected. Pharmacological and toxicity studies were performed and finally, the epicatechin ligand was introduced as the best ligand. \u0000Conclusion: Plant ligands can be further investigated as promising antibiotic adjuvants and used in the future.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"33 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15016
Iswarya Babu P, C. Valsan, Ardra M, John Paul
Background: This study was performed to determine the magnitude of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in a tertiary care hospital in patients with antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) and to study the risk factors associated with this disease. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in the department of Microbiology in a tertiary care hospital during December 2019 to May 2021. Stool samples were collected from patients with signs and symptoms of AAD who had been consuming antibiotic or anticancer drugs durng six weeks before the sampling. The samples were subjected to C. difficile glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme and CD toxin A & B detection by Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA). Patient’s demographic features and clinical details were noted and statistically correlated with the test results Results: Among the total 70 samples tested 20 (28%) were positive for GDH alone and 12 (17%) were positive for both GDH and CD toxin A and B. Fluoroquinolones was a significant risk factor in the study. Sepsis and colitis was found to have significant association with C.difficile infection in our study. The crude mortality rate was 17%. Conclusion: Prompt and precise diagnosis and knowledge about the risk factors of CDI helps in effective management and prevention of CDI.
研究背景本研究旨在确定一家三级医院抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）患者中艰难梭菌感染（CDI）的严重程度，并研究与该疾病相关的风险因素。研究方法2019年12月至2021年5月期间，在一家三级甲等医院的微生物科开展了一项描述性研究。研究人员采集了有 AAD 症状和体征的患者的粪便样本，这些患者在采样前六周内服用过抗生素或抗癌药物。样本通过酶联荧光检测法（ELFA）进行艰难梭菌谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH）和CD毒素A和B的检测。记录患者的人口统计学特征和临床细节，并将其与检测结果进行统计学关联：在总共 70 份检测样本中，20 份（28%）仅对 GDH 呈阳性，12 份（17%）对 GDH 和 CD 毒素 A 和 B 均呈阳性。在我们的研究中发现，败血症和结肠炎与艰难梭菌感染密切相关。粗死亡率为 17%。结论及时、准确的诊断以及对 CDI 危险因素的了解有助于有效管理和预防 CDI。
{"title":"Incidence of Clostridium difficile in Patients with Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea","authors":"Iswarya Babu P, C. Valsan, Ardra M, John Paul","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was performed to determine the magnitude of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in a tertiary care hospital in patients with antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) and to study the risk factors associated with this disease. \u0000Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in the department of Microbiology in a tertiary care hospital during December 2019 to May 2021. Stool samples were collected from patients with signs and symptoms of AAD who had been consuming antibiotic or anticancer drugs durng six weeks before the sampling. The samples were subjected to C. difficile glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzyme and CD toxin A & B detection by Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA). Patient’s demographic features and clinical details were noted and statistically correlated with the test results \u0000Results: Among the total 70 samples tested 20 (28%) were positive for GDH alone and 12 (17%) were positive for both GDH and CD toxin A and B. Fluoroquinolones was a significant risk factor in the study. Sepsis and colitis was found to have significant association with C.difficile infection in our study. The crude mortality rate was 17%. \u0000Conclusion: Prompt and precise diagnosis and knowledge about the risk factors of CDI helps in effective management and prevention of CDI.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"15 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15014
Hossein Esmaeili, Ehsan Baghal Arani, M. M. Mokhber Dezfouli, Seyed Mehdi Joghataei, Mahdi Ganjkhanlou
Background: Infectious diarrhea in young goats is one of the most common and serious threats to the animals' health, influencing the profitability of the goat industry. Considering the need to investigate the factors involved in the occurrence of neonatal diseases, especially diarrhea, to improve livestock health and increase productivity, especially in Iran, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the bacterial agents involved in the diarrhea of Alpine and Saanen kids. Methods: Between 1421 goats (714 Saanen and 704 Alpine) under the supervision, 254 goats (17.8%) of different ages died due to diarrhea sign. Samples from the liver, heart, and lungs were taken during the necropsy process, and bacteriological examinations were performed. Results: Forty-four kids died of non-infectious cause. Diarrhea caused by bacterial agents (10.9%) was much more than non-infectious agents (3.1%). Significantly more so than at other ages, the bacterial agent was isolated from the age of less than 2 months. Isolated bacterial agents included Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus (12.3%), Pseudomonas (7.1%), Bacillus (11%) and Klebsiella (2.6%). E. coli was isolated frequently (63.2%) , and mostly at the age of less than 2 months. The highest rate of isolation of bacterial agents was from the heart, especially E. coli. Conclusion: The findings of the current research showed that in Saanen and Alpine goats reared in intensive rearing systems, E. coli bacteria has a high contribution to the occurrence of digestive problems and diarrhea, which can be avoided by controlling environmental health, improvement and preventing the density of parturitions in a short time.
{"title":"Study of the Bacterial and Nutritional Causes of Diarrhea in Alpine and Saanen Kids","authors":"Hossein Esmaeili, Ehsan Baghal Arani, M. M. Mokhber Dezfouli, Seyed Mehdi Joghataei, Mahdi Ganjkhanlou","doi":"10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v12i1.15014","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infectious diarrhea in young goats is one of the most common and serious threats to the animals' health, influencing the profitability of the goat industry. Considering the need to investigate the factors involved in the occurrence of neonatal diseases, especially diarrhea, to improve livestock health and increase productivity, especially in Iran, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the bacterial agents involved in the diarrhea of Alpine and Saanen kids. \u0000Methods: Between 1421 goats (714 Saanen and 704 Alpine) under the supervision, 254 goats (17.8%) of different ages died due to diarrhea sign. Samples from the liver, heart, and lungs were taken during the necropsy process, and bacteriological examinations were performed. \u0000Results: Forty-four kids died of non-infectious cause. Diarrhea caused by bacterial agents (10.9%) was much more than non-infectious agents (3.1%). Significantly more so than at other ages, the bacterial agent was isolated from the age of less than 2 months. Isolated bacterial agents included Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus (12.3%), Pseudomonas (7.1%), Bacillus (11%) and Klebsiella (2.6%). E. coli was isolated frequently (63.2%) , and mostly at the age of less than 2 months. The highest rate of isolation of bacterial agents was from the heart, especially E. coli. \u0000Conclusion: The findings of the current research showed that in Saanen and Alpine goats reared in intensive rearing systems, E. coli bacteria has a high contribution to the occurrence of digestive problems and diarrhea, which can be avoided by controlling environmental health, improvement and preventing the density of parturitions in a short time.","PeriodicalId":30437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Bacteriology","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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