Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848034
B. J. Schmidt, J. Bullinger
Electric energy is one of the most versatile and widely used forms of energy, Generation and delivery of this energy form requires diligence in safe work practices and procedures which are best established through proper training. This paper reports on a survey of rural utilities and the responses provided on issues and practices relating to job training and safety for rural utility employees. A total of 3,075 surveys were mailed to rural utilities throughout the United States. Responses were received from 675 utilities representing a 22.0% response rate.
{"title":"A survey of rural utility safety issues and practices","authors":"B. J. Schmidt, J. Bullinger","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848034","url":null,"abstract":"Electric energy is one of the most versatile and widely used forms of energy, Generation and delivery of this energy form requires diligence in safe work practices and procedures which are best established through proper training. This paper reports on a survey of rural utilities and the responses provided on issues and practices relating to job training and safety for rural utility employees. A total of 3,075 surveys were mailed to rural utilities throughout the United States. Responses were received from 675 utilities representing a 22.0% response rate.","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124950654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848055
M. Collum
Many of today's microprocessor based relays incorporate varying degrees of programming flexibility. Some of today's more flexible relays combine traditional protection functions and control logic functions inside a single device. Relays that offer this functionality can be used to develop entire control schemes. In this paper, this concept is used to develop a basic control scheme for a five-stage shunt capacitor bank within a single microprocessor based relay.
{"title":"Capacitor bank control using traditional microprocessor based relays","authors":"M. Collum","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848055","url":null,"abstract":"Many of today's microprocessor based relays incorporate varying degrees of programming flexibility. Some of today's more flexible relays combine traditional protection functions and control logic functions inside a single device. Relays that offer this functionality can be used to develop entire control schemes. In this paper, this concept is used to develop a basic control scheme for a five-stage shunt capacitor bank within a single microprocessor based relay.","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116024198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848052
R. Harness
Moon Lake Electric Association was sentenced to three years probation August 12, 1999 for electrocuting 17 eagles and hawks near Rangely, Colorado. The utility pleaded guilty to six violations of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and the Eagle Protection Act. Under the settlement Moon Lake agreed to pay a $100000 fine and enter into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The MOU clarified utility obligations to protect birds and required a plan to prevent future bird deaths. This paper focuses on methods used to effectively retrofit Moon Lake's system. Over 3000 poles were inspected for raptor mortality. Prey remains were noted as well as habitat and prey abundance to determine preferred perches. Utility configurations associated with mortality were also recorded. These data were compiled to determine high-risk structures prioritized for immediate retrofitting. Deadend units and transformer banks were most problematic. Although many standard RUS-type three-phase tangent structures (RUS C1 Unit) lacked 60 inches of separation recommended by "Suggested Practices for Raptor Protection on Powerlines: The State of the Art in 1996" most were found to be safe. Existing retrofitting measures were also evaluated. The use of perch guards as a standard retrofitting measure was greatly reduced after guards contributed to several electrocutions. The use of bushing covers with small drain holes also created new electrocution problems with small birds probing bushing holes for insects. Guying and grounding practices also contributed to some bird mortality.
{"title":"Effectively retrofitting powerlines to reduce raptor mortality","authors":"R. Harness","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848052","url":null,"abstract":"Moon Lake Electric Association was sentenced to three years probation August 12, 1999 for electrocuting 17 eagles and hawks near Rangely, Colorado. The utility pleaded guilty to six violations of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and the Eagle Protection Act. Under the settlement Moon Lake agreed to pay a $100000 fine and enter into a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The MOU clarified utility obligations to protect birds and required a plan to prevent future bird deaths. This paper focuses on methods used to effectively retrofit Moon Lake's system. Over 3000 poles were inspected for raptor mortality. Prey remains were noted as well as habitat and prey abundance to determine preferred perches. Utility configurations associated with mortality were also recorded. These data were compiled to determine high-risk structures prioritized for immediate retrofitting. Deadend units and transformer banks were most problematic. Although many standard RUS-type three-phase tangent structures (RUS C1 Unit) lacked 60 inches of separation recommended by \"Suggested Practices for Raptor Protection on Powerlines: The State of the Art in 1996\" most were found to be safe. Existing retrofitting measures were also evaluated. The use of perch guards as a standard retrofitting measure was greatly reduced after guards contributed to several electrocutions. The use of bushing covers with small drain holes also created new electrocution problems with small birds probing bushing holes for insects. Guying and grounding practices also contributed to some bird mortality.","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122243679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848047
C. Smallwood
There have been numerous advancements in hardware and software that have allowed today's computer to move to the field. Many utilities are embracing this fact and implementing projects to enhance their service. One of these projects, automated staking, is beginning to emerge as one of the more commonly used combinations of hardware and software to perform the aforementioned enhanced service. The main purpose of this paper is to document the process of beginning and using an automated staking package. In addition, discussion is provided regarding options of other technologies to aid the automated staking process as well as personnel involvement in the process. It will be up to the utility engineering, information technology, accounting, and management personnel to make the decisions of whether or not the cost of automating this process will be a benefit to the utility.
{"title":"Implementing an automated staking project","authors":"C. Smallwood","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848047","url":null,"abstract":"There have been numerous advancements in hardware and software that have allowed today's computer to move to the field. Many utilities are embracing this fact and implementing projects to enhance their service. One of these projects, automated staking, is beginning to emerge as one of the more commonly used combinations of hardware and software to perform the aforementioned enhanced service. The main purpose of this paper is to document the process of beginning and using an automated staking package. In addition, discussion is provided regarding options of other technologies to aid the automated staking process as well as personnel involvement in the process. It will be up to the utility engineering, information technology, accounting, and management personnel to make the decisions of whether or not the cost of automating this process will be a benefit to the utility.","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123834121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848051
J. Cooper
The ongoing deregulation of the electric utility industry, combined with the opening of telecommunications markets with the Telecommunications Act of 1996, have presented tremendous opportunities for electric utilities to maximize profitability of their rights of way. The addition of fiber optic cable to utility transmission and distribution lines for telecommunications purposes is creating additional and, historically, unexpected short and long term revenue for many electric utilities. This paper briefly describes some of the models electric utilities have employed to take advantage of these emerging opportunities, and overview the different types of fiber and aerial fiber optic cables available to build the necessary infrastructure (lashed fiber optic cable, all dielectric self-supporting cable, optical ground wire, and wrapped fiber optic cable (SkyWrap)).
{"title":"Aerial fiber optic cables maximize profitability of utility rights of way","authors":"J. Cooper","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848051","url":null,"abstract":"The ongoing deregulation of the electric utility industry, combined with the opening of telecommunications markets with the Telecommunications Act of 1996, have presented tremendous opportunities for electric utilities to maximize profitability of their rights of way. The addition of fiber optic cable to utility transmission and distribution lines for telecommunications purposes is creating additional and, historically, unexpected short and long term revenue for many electric utilities. This paper briefly describes some of the models electric utilities have employed to take advantage of these emerging opportunities, and overview the different types of fiber and aerial fiber optic cables available to build the necessary infrastructure (lashed fiber optic cable, all dielectric self-supporting cable, optical ground wire, and wrapped fiber optic cable (SkyWrap)).","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124609593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848043
G. C. Baker
This paper discusses an overhead conductor design that has been proven effective in reducing wind induced problems that plague transmission and distribution lines. The twisted pair, or ACSR/T-2(R) product was conceived over 25 years ago as a means to fight against aeolian vibration and galloping. The purpose of this presentation is to raise the awareness of the product and its potential application within utility systems.
{"title":"ACSR twisted pair overhead conductors","authors":"G. C. Baker","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848043","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses an overhead conductor design that has been proven effective in reducing wind induced problems that plague transmission and distribution lines. The twisted pair, or ACSR/T-2(R) product was conceived over 25 years ago as a means to fight against aeolian vibration and galloping. The purpose of this presentation is to raise the awareness of the product and its potential application within utility systems.","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"433 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134217548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848050
M. Dodge
Northwest Arkansas is a rapidly expanding area for both residential and commercial/industrial development. In response to this growth, the new Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport (NWARA) was built near Bentonville, Arkansas, an area served by Carroll Electric Cooperative Corporation (CECC). The airport is expected to further spur development in this high growth area, giving CECC every reason to provide world class service to this high profile installation. This paper describes the system which was installed and its overall operation procedures. It also discuss Carroll ECC's experiences with the installation and subsequent performance of their largest and highest profile underground project to date.
{"title":"Distribution automation project at the Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport","authors":"M. Dodge","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848050","url":null,"abstract":"Northwest Arkansas is a rapidly expanding area for both residential and commercial/industrial development. In response to this growth, the new Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport (NWARA) was built near Bentonville, Arkansas, an area served by Carroll Electric Cooperative Corporation (CECC). The airport is expected to further spur development in this high growth area, giving CECC every reason to provide world class service to this high profile installation. This paper describes the system which was installed and its overall operation procedures. It also discuss Carroll ECC's experiences with the installation and subsequent performance of their largest and highest profile underground project to date.","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117156699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848036
M. Bishop, C. Mccarthy, J. Josken
Historically, the electric power industry has focused on minimizing sustained outages. More recently, many feeder applications are focusing on reducing momentary outages, primarily due to their impact on new types of load equipment that are sensitive to momentary outages. Customer expectations must be considered when establishing reliability goals. Since these expectations vary depending on the type of customer, a different mix of customers may result in a different application solution. Features available in electronically controlled reclosing equipment allow a distribution engineer to customize applications to meet customers' needs. This paper examines the reliability impact of recloser alternatives, focusing on single-phase versus three-phase device application.
{"title":"Considering reliability in the selection of distribution system overcurrent protection devices","authors":"M. Bishop, C. Mccarthy, J. Josken","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848036","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, the electric power industry has focused on minimizing sustained outages. More recently, many feeder applications are focusing on reducing momentary outages, primarily due to their impact on new types of load equipment that are sensitive to momentary outages. Customer expectations must be considered when establishing reliability goals. Since these expectations vary depending on the type of customer, a different mix of customers may result in a different application solution. Features available in electronically controlled reclosing equipment allow a distribution engineer to customize applications to meet customers' needs. This paper examines the reliability impact of recloser alternatives, focusing on single-phase versus three-phase device application.","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124603197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848037
D.J. Krajnak
Faulted circuit indicators (FCIs) can be a useful tool for improving power system reliability. While FCIs alone may not prevent outages or other problems with system reliability, FCI application can help identify problem areas of the electric distribution system, as well as reduce crew patrol time in locating faulted cables, thus reducing outage duration. The use of FCIs can be linked to outage statistics such as the system average interruption duration index (SAIDI) and customer average interruption duration index (CAIDI), to track reduction in outage duration. By spending less time identifying and locating faulted cables, crew productivity can also be improved through the use of FCIs, allowing more time to be spent on productive system operation and improvement. In addition to real cost savings and increased productivity for utilities, reduced outage duration through FCI use can lead to increased customer satisfaction. For commercial and industrial customers, who can incur significant costs in lost production due to power interruptions, minimizing outage duration can lead to a reduction in customer costs resulting from outages. As innovations in rate design lead to more performance based ratemaking, FCIs can help utilities avoid paying penalties by keeping certain service quality measurements within acceptable levels. Technology advancements in recent years have led to more reliable fault indicators, along with new and unique features that help ensure the most efficient application of faulted circuit indicators for improving system reliability.
{"title":"Faulted circuit indicators and system reliability","authors":"D.J. Krajnak","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848037","url":null,"abstract":"Faulted circuit indicators (FCIs) can be a useful tool for improving power system reliability. While FCIs alone may not prevent outages or other problems with system reliability, FCI application can help identify problem areas of the electric distribution system, as well as reduce crew patrol time in locating faulted cables, thus reducing outage duration. The use of FCIs can be linked to outage statistics such as the system average interruption duration index (SAIDI) and customer average interruption duration index (CAIDI), to track reduction in outage duration. By spending less time identifying and locating faulted cables, crew productivity can also be improved through the use of FCIs, allowing more time to be spent on productive system operation and improvement. In addition to real cost savings and increased productivity for utilities, reduced outage duration through FCI use can lead to increased customer satisfaction. For commercial and industrial customers, who can incur significant costs in lost production due to power interruptions, minimizing outage duration can lead to a reduction in customer costs resulting from outages. As innovations in rate design lead to more performance based ratemaking, FCIs can help utilities avoid paying penalties by keeping certain service quality measurements within acceptable levels. Technology advancements in recent years have led to more reliable fault indicators, along with new and unique features that help ensure the most efficient application of faulted circuit indicators for improving system reliability.","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114686450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-05-07DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.2000.848048
R. Dugan, T. Mcdermott, G. Ball
Distributed generation (DG) is attracting much interest as a means to more economically achieve additional capacity. Traditional distribution planning methods are often inadequate for determining if and when it is economical to consider DG options instead of the more familiar substation and feeder upgrades. New planning methods and computer tools are needed to help the planner better understand the true economic impact of each alternative. This paper describes a methodology for performing distribution planning that also permits the incorporation of such diverse means of improving the capacity and reliability of the system as DG, distribution automation (DA), and demand-side management (DSM).
{"title":"Distribution planning for distributed generation","authors":"R. Dugan, T. Mcdermott, G. Ball","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.2000.848048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.2000.848048","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed generation (DG) is attracting much interest as a means to more economically achieve additional capacity. Traditional distribution planning methods are often inadequate for determining if and when it is economical to consider DG options instead of the more familiar substation and feeder upgrades. New planning methods and computer tools are needed to help the planner better understand the true economic impact of each alternative. This paper describes a methodology for performing distribution planning that also permits the incorporation of such diverse means of improving the capacity and reliability of the system as DG, distribution automation (DA), and demand-side management (DSM).","PeriodicalId":306493,"journal":{"name":"2000 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers Presented at the 44th Annual Conference (Cat. No.00CH37071)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115848113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：