Proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) act as significant osmoprotectants, potentially mitigating the detrimental effects of various abiotic stresses in plants. Given the growth-enhancing capabilities and other regulatory roles of Pro and GB, the current study was conducted to assess their function in imparting salt stress resilience in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L). Proso millet plants were subjected to two levels of salt stress (S1 = 150 mM; S2 = 300 mM). Foliar applications of Pro (0.5 mM) and GB (0.5 mM) were provided under control and salt-stressed conditions at 10-day intervals twice. Compared to control conditions, plant growth, fresh and dry weight, leaf relative water content (RWC), SPAD value, and yield-contributing attributes noticeably decreased under salt stress. In contrast, plants supplemented with Pro and GB exhibited enhanced characteristics. Moreover, growth and yield parameters improved in salt-treated proso millet plants when supplemented with Pro and GB. These results suggest that the foliar application of Pro and GB can alleviate salt-induced oxidative stress in proso millet plants by modulating the antioxidative defense.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 75-83
{"title":"Enhancing Salt Stress Tolerance and Yield Parameters of Proso Millet Through Exogenous Proline and Glycine Betaine Supplementation","authors":"MM Alam, M Hasanuzzaman","doi":"10.3329/baj.v26i1.69760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v26i1.69760","url":null,"abstract":"Proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB) act as significant osmoprotectants, potentially mitigating the detrimental effects of various abiotic stresses in plants. Given the growth-enhancing capabilities and other regulatory roles of Pro and GB, the current study was conducted to assess their function in imparting salt stress resilience in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L). Proso millet plants were subjected to two levels of salt stress (S1 = 150 mM; S2 = 300 mM). Foliar applications of Pro (0.5 mM) and GB (0.5 mM) were provided under control and salt-stressed conditions at 10-day intervals twice. Compared to control conditions, plant growth, fresh and dry weight, leaf relative water content (RWC), SPAD value, and yield-contributing attributes noticeably decreased under salt stress. In contrast, plants supplemented with Pro and GB exhibited enhanced characteristics. Moreover, growth and yield parameters improved in salt-treated proso millet plants when supplemented with Pro and GB. These results suggest that the foliar application of Pro and GB can alleviate salt-induced oxidative stress in proso millet plants by modulating the antioxidative defense.
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 75-83","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":"8 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135392128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Munmun Akter, Md Khairul Alam Bhuiyan, Sheikh Muhammad Masum
A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Dhaka, from April to September 2019 to determine the economic nitrogen rates for popular transplanted Aus varieties. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with two factors. Factor A: three varieties as- BR26, BRRI dhan48, and BRRI dhan82; and Factor B: five levels of nitrogen rates as- 0, 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha−1. The experimental data show the individual effect of variety and nitrogen (N) rate was significant in the case of N concentration, N uptake in grain and straw, and nitrogen harvest index (NHI). Overall, increasing N rate increases grain and straw's concentration irrespective of varieties. But higher N concentration and uptake were observed in the N rate of N60-N100 kg ha−1 in all varieties. Among the varieties, BRRI dhan82 observed higher N uptake (61.23 kg ha−1) in grain. Higher total N uptake was also observed in BRRI dhan48 at 80 kg N ha−1. NHI ranged from 55 to 72 % in different N levels, indicating 55 to 72% of the absorbed N translocated to the grains, and 45% to 32% remained in the dry matter within varieties. The estimated economic nitrogen dose for maximum yield was determined by regression analysis, and found that N rates of BR26, BRRI dhan48, and BRRI dhan82 were 97, 95, and 55 kg ha−1, respectively. The findings of this study indicated that the response of different N rates on three Aus varieties was linear up to 80 kg N ha−1 might be owing to better N uptake that made yield increase after that decreasing.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 84-95
2019年4月至9月，在达卡加济浦尔孟加拉国水稻研究所农学场进行了田间试验，以确定热门移栽水稻品种的经济施氮量。试验采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD)，有两个因素。因子A: BR26、BRRI dhan48、BRRI dhan82三个品种;因子B: 5个氮肥水平分别为- 0、40、60、80、100 kg ha - 1。试验数据表明，在氮素浓度、籽粒和秸秆氮素吸收量以及氮素收获指数(NHI)的影响下，品种和氮素速率的个体效应显著。总体而言，施氮量的增加增加了籽粒和秸秆的浓度，而与品种无关。在n60 ~ n100 kg ha - 1施氮量下，各品种均表现出较高的氮素浓度和吸收量。品种中，BRRI dhan82籽粒氮素吸收量较高(61.23 kg ha - 1)。BRRI dhan48在80 kg N ha−1时也观察到较高的总氮吸收量。不同氮素水平下，氮肥氮肥含量在55% ~ 72%之间，说明品种内吸收的氮肥有55% ~ 72%转移到籽粒，45% ~ 32%留在干物质中。结果表明，BR26、BRRI dhan48和BRRI dhan82的施氮量分别为97、95和55 kg ha - 1。本研究结果表明，在80 kg N ha - 1以内，不同施氮量对3个Aus品种的响应呈线性关系，这可能是由于较好的氮素吸收使产量先下降后上升。孟加拉国阿格龙。[j] .中国生物医学工程学报，2016,26(1):84-95
{"title":"Determination of Economic Nitrogen Rate for Transplanted Aus Rice Varieties of Bangladesh","authors":"Munmun Akter, Md Khairul Alam Bhuiyan, Sheikh Muhammad Masum","doi":"10.3329/baj.v26i1.69768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v26i1.69768","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Dhaka, from April to September 2019 to determine the economic nitrogen rates for popular transplanted Aus varieties. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with two factors. Factor A: three varieties as- BR26, BRRI dhan48, and BRRI dhan82; and Factor B: five levels of nitrogen rates as- 0, 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha−1. The experimental data show the individual effect of variety and nitrogen (N) rate was significant in the case of N concentration, N uptake in grain and straw, and nitrogen harvest index (NHI). Overall, increasing N rate increases grain and straw's concentration irrespective of varieties. But higher N concentration and uptake were observed in the N rate of N60-N100 kg ha−1 in all varieties. Among the varieties, BRRI dhan82 observed higher N uptake (61.23 kg ha−1) in grain. Higher total N uptake was also observed in BRRI dhan48 at 80 kg N ha−1. NHI ranged from 55 to 72 % in different N levels, indicating 55 to 72% of the absorbed N translocated to the grains, and 45% to 32% remained in the dry matter within varieties. The estimated economic nitrogen dose for maximum yield was determined by regression analysis, and found that N rates of BR26, BRRI dhan48, and BRRI dhan82 were 97, 95, and 55 kg ha−1, respectively. The findings of this study indicated that the response of different N rates on three Aus varieties was linear up to 80 kg N ha−1 might be owing to better N uptake that made yield increase after that decreasing.
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 84-95","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":"5 21","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experiment was carried out during kharif-I season of 2020 in the experimental field of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Cumilla to evaluate the optimum plant spacing of sesame varieties. There were four plants spacing S1 (30 ××5 cm2), S2 (30×× 10 cm2), S3 (40 ××5 cm2) and S4 (40×× 10 cm2) and two sesame varieties of V1 (BARI Til 3) and V2 (BARI Til 4) were included in the experiment. The experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications. The highest seed yield (1646 kg ha-1) was found from BARI Til 4 but the highest number of capsule plant-1 and number of branches plant-1 were obtained from BARI Til-3. The maximum seed yield (1913 kg ha-1) was achieved in the interaction of S4V2 (40 ××10 cm2 and BARI Til 4) that was identical to S2V2 (30 x 10 cm2 and BARI Til 4).
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 28-31
本试验于2020年秋季在孟加拉国农业研究所(BARI) Cumilla区域农业研究站(RARS)的试验田进行，以评价芝麻品种的最佳株距。试验选用4个株距S1 (30 ××5 cm2)、S2 (30×× 10 cm2)、S3 (40 ××5 cm2)和S4 (40×× 10 cm2)和2个芝麻品种V1 (BARI Til 3)和V2 (BARI Til 4)。试验采用三次重复的裂图设计。BARI Til 4的种子产量最高(1646 kg hm -1)，但BARI Til-3的蒴果株数和分枝株数最高。S4V2 (40 ××10 cm2和BARI Til 4)与S2V2 (30 ×10 cm2和BARI Til 4)互作的种子产量最高(1913 kg ha-1)，与S2V2 (30 ×10 cm2和BARI Til 4)相同。孟加拉国阿格龙。J. 2023, 26(1): 28-31
{"title":"Performance of Row Spacing on the Yield of Sesame Varieties","authors":"Mohammad Ayub Hossain Khan, Maminul Islam","doi":"10.3329/baj.v26i1.47645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v26i1.47645","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was carried out during kharif-I season of 2020 in the experimental field of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Cumilla to evaluate the optimum plant spacing of sesame varieties. There were four plants spacing S1 (30 ××5 cm2), S2 (30×× 10 cm2), S3 (40 ××5 cm2) and S4 (40×× 10 cm2) and two sesame varieties of V1 (BARI Til 3) and V2 (BARI Til 4) were included in the experiment. The experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications. The highest seed yield (1646 kg ha-1) was found from BARI Til 4 but the highest number of capsule plant-1 and number of branches plant-1 were obtained from BARI Til-3. The maximum seed yield (1913 kg ha-1) was achieved in the interaction of S4V2 (40 ××10 cm2 and BARI Til 4) that was identical to S2V2 (30 x 10 cm2 and BARI Til 4).
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 28-31","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":"5 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Study was carried out at the Salpoborian village under Sadr papilla of Mymensingh from February to June 2014 to assess the effect of crop establishment method and fertilizer management on the yield performance of Boro rice (var. BRRI dhan28) in T. Aman-Mustard-Boro rice cropping pattern. The experiment comprised three crop establishment methods viz. traditional puddled-transplanting (TPT), unpuddled-one pass in dry condition (UDC), unpuddled-zero tillage (UZT) and five levels of fertilizers viz., 100-60-40-60-10 N-P-K-S-Zn kg ha-1 at recommended (RD) dose (F1), N-K-S-Zn at RD plus 50% P (F2), N-P-S-Zn at RD plus 50% K (F3), P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as Guti urea (2.7 g/4 hills) (F4), P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea (F5). The experiment was laid out in a split -plot design with 4 replications with crop establishment method in the main- plots and fertilizer management in the sub-plots. Grain yield was not significantly influenced by crop establishment method, fertilizer management and their interactions. However, numerically the maximum grain yield of 3.19 t ha−1 was found in both unpuddled-one pass in dry condition (UDC) and unpuddled-zero tillage (UZT) with 3.32 t ha−1 in P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea (F5) and 3.47 t ha−1 in unpuddled-one pass in dry condition with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea and traditional puddled-transplanting with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea. Similar higher gross margin (Tk. 26629 and Tk. 27428) and benefit cost ratio (1.61 and 1.60) was also observed in UZT × F4 and UDC × F5, respectively. So, it can be concluded that unpuddled-zero tillage with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as Guti urea (UZT × F4) and unpuddled-one pass in dry condition with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as prilled urea (UDC × F5) is the beneficial technique for Boro rice (var. BRRI dhan28) cultivation in T. Aman-Mustard-Boro rice cropping pattern.
Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 32-39
本研究于2014年2月至6月在Mymensingh Sadr papilla下的Salpoborian村进行，旨在评估T. aman -芥菜-Boro水稻种植模式下，栽植方式和施肥管理对Boro水稻(BRRI dhan28品种)产量性能的影响。试验采用传统水田定植(TPT)、旱作免水田一次(UDC)、免水田免耕(UZT)三种作物种植方式和推荐剂量(RD) 100-60-40-60-10 N-P-K- s - zn kg ha-1 (F1)、N-K- s - zn在RD加50% P (F2)、N-P- s - zn在RD加50% K (F3)、P-K- s - zn在RD加75% N作为谷地尿素(2.7 g/4丘)(F4)、P-K- s - zn在RD加75% N作为球化尿素(F5)五个施肥水平。试验采用4个重复的分割小区设计，主小区采用立种法，次小区采用施肥管理。作物种植方式、施肥管理及其相互作用对粮食产量影响不显著。然而，从数值上看，旱作免耕1次(UDC)和免耕1次(UZT)的最大产量均为3.19 t ha - 1，其中，P-K-S-Zn在RD + 75% N作为球化尿素(F5)为3.32 t ha - 1，而P-K-S-Zn在RD + 75% N作为球化尿素和传统的P-K-S-Zn在RD + 75% N作为球化尿素的旱作免耕1次(3.47 t ha - 1)。UZT × F4和UDC × F5的毛利率(Tk. 26629和Tk. 27428)和效益成本比(Tk. 1.61和1.60)也同样较高。综上所述，在T. aman -芥菜-Boro水稻种植模式下，无坑免耕，以RD + 75% N的P-K-S-Zn作为谷粒尿素(UZT × F4)，在干燥条件下无坑免耕1次，以RD + 75% N的P-K-S-Zn作为打孔尿素(UDC × F5)是水稻(BRRI dhan28)的有益栽培技术。孟加拉国阿格龙。[j] .生物工程学报，2016,26(1):32-39
{"title":"Effect of Crop Establishment Method and Fertilizer Management on Yield Performance of Boro Rice (Var. Brri DHAN28) In T. Aman-Mustard-Boro Rice Cropping Pattern","authors":"MLK Khan, MA Ali, SK Paul","doi":"10.3329/baj.v26i1.52462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v26i1.52462","url":null,"abstract":"The Study was carried out at the Salpoborian village under Sadr papilla of Mymensingh from February to June 2014 to assess the effect of crop establishment method and fertilizer management on the yield performance of Boro rice (var. BRRI dhan28) in T. Aman-Mustard-Boro rice cropping pattern. The experiment comprised three crop establishment methods viz. traditional puddled-transplanting (TPT), unpuddled-one pass in dry condition (UDC), unpuddled-zero tillage (UZT) and five levels of fertilizers viz., 100-60-40-60-10 N-P-K-S-Zn kg ha-1 at recommended (RD) dose (F1), N-K-S-Zn at RD plus 50% P (F2), N-P-S-Zn at RD plus 50% K (F3), P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as Guti urea (2.7 g/4 hills) (F4), P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea (F5). The experiment was laid out in a split -plot design with 4 replications with crop establishment method in the main- plots and fertilizer management in the sub-plots. Grain yield was not significantly influenced by crop establishment method, fertilizer management and their interactions. However, numerically the maximum grain yield of 3.19 t ha−1 was found in both unpuddled-one pass in dry condition (UDC) and unpuddled-zero tillage (UZT) with 3.32 t ha−1 in P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea (F5) and 3.47 t ha−1 in unpuddled-one pass in dry condition with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea and traditional puddled-transplanting with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as pilled urea. Similar higher gross margin (Tk. 26629 and Tk. 27428) and benefit cost ratio (1.61 and 1.60) was also observed in UZT × F4 and UDC × F5, respectively. So, it can be concluded that unpuddled-zero tillage with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as Guti urea (UZT × F4) and unpuddled-one pass in dry condition with P-K-S-Zn at RD plus 75% N as prilled urea (UDC × F5) is the beneficial technique for Boro rice (var. BRRI dhan28) cultivation in T. Aman-Mustard-Boro rice cropping pattern.
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2023, 26(1): 32-39","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":"8 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mahmud, P. Biswas, M. Islam, Md. Rejwanul Hossain
The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from March to June, 2018 to study the effects of agronomic managements on growth and yield of Aus rice. The experiment comprised of split –plot design where varieties in the main plots viz., i) BRRI dhan65 (V1) and ii) Nerica (V2) and five agronomic managements in the sub-plots viz., i) No management-M0, ii) No weeding, but all other managements-M1, iii) No fertilizer application, but all other managements-M2, iv) No irrigation application, but all other managements-M3 and v) Recommended management-M4, respectively. Almost all the studied characters were found statistically significant due to variation in treatments. Significant variation was recorded different yield contributing characters and yield of Aus rice. At 30, 50, 70 DAS and harvest, the taller plant (24.61 cm, 41.27 cm, 60.23 cm and 80.28 cm, respectively), grain yield (0.96 t ha-1) and straw yields (2.75 t ha-1) were recorded from V2 compared to that of V1. Similarly, the tallest plant (27.11 cm, 49.66 cm, 71.49 cm and 91.07 cm at 30, 50, 70 DAS and harvest, respectively), grain yield (2.34 t ha-1) and straw yield (5.30 t ha-1) were observed from M4. In respect of interaction, the highest grain yield (2.43 t ha-1) and straw yield (5.31 t ha-1) were observed from V1M4 (BRRI dhan65 with recommended management), while the lowest grain yield (0.12 t ha-1) from V1M0 (BRRI dhan65 with no management) and straw yield (0.85 t ha-1) from V2M0 (Nerica with no management). Irrespective of variety with no management reduced 94-95% grain yield of Aus rice that was 84-89% for no weeding and no fertilizer application. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 43-49
本试验于2018年3月至6月在达卡Sher-e-Bangla农业大学的试验田进行，研究了农艺管理对Aus水稻生长和产量的影响。该试验包括分块设计，其中主地块中的品种为：i）BRRI dhan65（V1）和ii）Nerica（V2），以及子地块中的五种农艺管理，即：i）不管理-M0，ii）不除草，但所有其他管理-M1，iii）不施肥，但所有其它管理-M2，iv）不灌溉，但所有其他管理-M3和v）推荐管理-M4。由于处理的差异，几乎所有研究的性状都具有统计学意义。水稻产量贡献性状和产量差异显著。在30、50、70 DAS和收获时，与V1相比，V2记录了较高的植株（分别为24.61 cm、41.27 cm、60.23 cm和80.28 cm）、粮食产量（0.96 t ha-1）和秸秆产量（2.75 t ha-1。同样，从M4中观察到最高的植株（在30、50、70 DAS和收获时分别为27.11厘米、49.66厘米、71.49厘米和91.07厘米）、粮食产量（2.34 t ha-1）和秸秆产量（5.30 t ha-）。在相互作用方面，V1M4（BRRI dhan65，推荐管理）的粮食产量最高（2.43 t ha-1），秸秆产量最高（5.31 t ha-1。不分品种，不施肥和不除草，Aus水稻的产量降低了94-95%，为84-89%。孟加拉国Agron。J.2022，25（2）：43-49
{"title":"Growth and Yield Performance of Aus Rice Under Agronomic Managements","authors":"M. Mahmud, P. Biswas, M. Islam, Md. Rejwanul Hossain","doi":"10.3329/baj.v25i2.65928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v25i2.65928","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from March to June, 2018 to study the effects of agronomic managements on growth and yield of Aus rice. The experiment comprised of split –plot design where varieties in the main plots viz., i) BRRI dhan65 (V1) and ii) Nerica (V2) and five agronomic managements in the sub-plots viz., i) No management-M0, ii) No weeding, but all other managements-M1, iii) No fertilizer application, but all other managements-M2, iv) No irrigation application, but all other managements-M3 and v) Recommended management-M4, respectively. Almost all the studied characters were found statistically significant due to variation in treatments. Significant variation was recorded different yield contributing characters and yield of Aus rice. At 30, 50, 70 DAS and harvest, the taller plant (24.61 cm, 41.27 cm, 60.23 cm and 80.28 cm, respectively), grain yield (0.96 t ha-1) and straw yields (2.75 t ha-1) were recorded from V2 compared to that of V1. Similarly, the tallest plant (27.11 cm, 49.66 cm, 71.49 cm and 91.07 cm at 30, 50, 70 DAS and harvest, respectively), grain yield (2.34 t ha-1) and straw yield (5.30 t ha-1) were observed from M4. In respect of interaction, the highest grain yield (2.43 t ha-1) and straw yield (5.31 t ha-1) were observed from V1M4 (BRRI dhan65 with recommended management), while the lowest grain yield (0.12 t ha-1) from V1M0 (BRRI dhan65 with no management) and straw yield (0.85 t ha-1) from V2M0 (Nerica with no management). Irrespective of variety with no management reduced 94-95% grain yield of Aus rice that was 84-89% for no weeding and no fertilizer application. \u0000Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 43-49","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45397705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To find out the optimum row arrangement of pea and khesari as intercrop with sunflower for higher productivity and return, a field experiment of intercropping pea and khesari with sunflower was conducted in Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur during rabi season of 2020-21 and 2021-22. Six treatments were T1= Sole sunflower, T2 = One row of gardenpea in between two normal rows of sunflower (50 cm x 25 cm), T3 = Two rows of gardenpea in between two normal rows of sunflower, T4 = One row of kheshari in between two normal rows of sunflower (50cm x 25cm), T5 = Two rows of kheshari in between two normal rows of sunflower & T6= Broadcast kheshari in between two normal rows of sunflower. Although intercropping reduced sunflower yield but total productivity was increased due to addition of pea and khesari yield. Total productivity in terms of sunflower equivalent yield (SEY) (7.02 t ha-1 and 6.64 t ha-1 during 2020-21 and 2021-22 respectively) was found to be highest from T3 (two rows of pea in between two normal rows of sunflower treatment while the lowest (1.80 t ha-1 and 1.72 t ha-1) in T1 (sole sunflower) for both the years. Highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) (4.0 and 3.80 in 1st and 2nd year respectively) was recorded in T2 treatment (one row of gardenpea in between two normal rows of sunflower) with highest gross margin (Tk. 263905 ha-1 and Tk. 244012 ha-1). Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 83-87
为确定豌豆、卡萨里与向日葵套作的最佳行距，提高产量和收益，于2020-21和2021-22季在加济浦尔市BARI油籽研究中心进行了豌豆、卡萨里与向日葵套作的田间试验。6个处理分别是:T1=单一向日葵，T2 =两行正常向日葵之间一行栀子豆(50厘米× 25厘米)，T3 =两行正常向日葵之间两行栀子豆，T4 =两行正常向日葵之间一行卡萨里(50厘米× 25厘米)，T5 =两行正常向日葵之间两行卡萨里，T6=两行正常向日葵之间撒播卡萨里。间作虽然降低了向日葵的产量，但由于增加了豌豆和卡萨里的产量，总生产力提高了。以向日葵当量产量(SEY)计算的总生产力(2020-21和2021-22年分别为7.02 t ha-1和6.64 t ha-1)在T3处理(两行向日葵之间的两行豌豆处理)最高，而在T1处理(唯一向日葵)最低(1.80 t ha-1和1.72 t ha-1)。T2处理(一排栀子豌豆位于两行正常向日葵之间)的效益成本比(BCR)最高，第1年和第2年分别为4.0和3.80，毛利率最高(Tk. 263905 ha-1和Tk. 244012 ha-1)。孟加拉国阿格龙。[j] .科学通报，2014,25 (2):83-87
{"title":"Intercropping of Pea and Kheshari as Vegetables and Fodder Crop with Dwarf Type Sunflower Variety","authors":"P. Roy, F. Begum","doi":"10.3329/baj.v25i2.65941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v25i2.65941","url":null,"abstract":"To find out the optimum row arrangement of pea and khesari as intercrop with sunflower for higher productivity and return, a field experiment of intercropping pea and khesari with sunflower was conducted in Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur during rabi season of 2020-21 and 2021-22. Six treatments were T1= Sole sunflower, T2 = One row of gardenpea in between two normal rows of sunflower (50 cm x 25 cm), T3 = Two rows of gardenpea in between two normal rows of sunflower, T4 = One row of kheshari in between two normal rows of sunflower (50cm x 25cm), T5 = Two rows of kheshari in between two normal rows of sunflower & T6= Broadcast kheshari in between two normal rows of sunflower. Although intercropping reduced sunflower yield but total productivity was increased due to addition of pea and khesari yield. Total productivity in terms of sunflower equivalent yield (SEY) (7.02 t ha-1 and 6.64 t ha-1 during 2020-21 and 2021-22 respectively) was found to be highest from T3 (two rows of pea in between two normal rows of sunflower treatment while the lowest (1.80 t ha-1 and 1.72 t ha-1) in T1 (sole sunflower) for both the years. Highest benefit cost ratio (BCR) (4.0 and 3.80 in 1st and 2nd year respectively) was recorded in T2 treatment (one row of gardenpea in between two normal rows of sunflower) with highest gross margin (Tk. 263905 ha-1 and Tk. 244012 ha-1). \u0000Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 83-87","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47272672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Germination characteristics, early seedling growth and seed metabolic efficiency of four wheat genotypes (BARI Gom 28, BARI Gom 29, BAW 1177 and ESWYT 29) were evaluated under 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) induced osmotic stress (-3 bar). Germination characteristics (germination rate, co-efficient of germination and germination vigor index), shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight, and seed metabolic efficiency decreased under osmotic stress induced by PEG than control treatment. But the degree of reduction was different for various wheat genotypes. Genotype BAW 1177 showed the highest performance in respect to germination and early seedling traits at both control and PEG induced osmotic stress than other three genotypes. So, genotype BAW 1177 can be considered as relatively drought tolerant genotype. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 19-29
{"title":"Polyethylene Glycol Mediated Osmotic Stress on Germination, Seedling Traits and Seed Metabolic Efficiency of Wheat","authors":"S. Pramanik, S. Sikder, M. Hasan","doi":"10.3329/baj.v25i2.65926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v25i2.65926","url":null,"abstract":"Germination characteristics, early seedling growth and seed metabolic efficiency of four wheat genotypes (BARI Gom 28, BARI Gom 29, BAW 1177 and ESWYT 29) were evaluated under 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) induced osmotic stress (-3 bar). Germination characteristics (germination rate, co-efficient of germination and germination vigor index), shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight, and seed metabolic efficiency decreased under osmotic stress induced by PEG than control treatment. But the degree of reduction was different for various wheat genotypes. Genotype BAW 1177 showed the highest performance in respect to germination and early seedling traits at both control and PEG induced osmotic stress than other three genotypes. So, genotype BAW 1177 can be considered as relatively drought tolerant genotype. \u0000Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 19-29","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46504973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mushtaree, M. Sarkar, M. Kabiraj, Sk Sarkar, M. Rashid, S. Paul
An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to December 2017 to investigate the combined effect of poultry manure with inorganic fertilizers on the yield of BINA developed transplant Aman rice varieties. The experiment comprised three varieties viz. Binadhan-15, Binadhan-16 and Binadhan-17 with five nutrient management viz. Control (no application of manures and fertilizers), 100% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (Urea-TSP-MoP-Gypsum-Zinc sulphate @ 150-110-70-60-5 kg ha-1) (RF), Poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, 75% RF + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, 50% RF + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Number of total tillers hill-1 (13.37), number of effective tillers hill-1 (6.76), grains panicle-1 (107.86 cm), grain yield (6.97 t ha-1), straw yield (8.36 t ha-1), and harvest index (45.47%) were found to be the highest in Binadhan-17 and the highest weight of 1000-grain (27.32 g) was recorded in Binadhan-16. Among the nutrient management, 75% RF + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 exhibited its superiority to other treatments in terms of number of total tillers hill-1(11.74), grains panicle-1 (115.26), 1000-grain weight (23.49 g), grain yield (6.57 t ha-1) and harvest index (48.20%). The highest grain yield (7.10 t ha-1) was found in Binadhan-17 with 75% RF + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 and the lowest grain yield (5.32 t ha-1) was found in Binadhan-16 with control treatment. From the study, it can be concluded that Binadhan-17 fertilized with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 appears as the promising practice to obtain the highest grain yield. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 89-96
2017年7月至12月，在孟加拉国农业大学Mymensingh农学田间实验室进行了一项试验，研究了禽粪与无机肥料联合施用对BINA移栽阿曼水稻品种产量的影响。试验包括三个品种，即Binadhan-15、Binadhan-16和Binadhan-17，采用五种营养管理，即对照(不施用粪肥和肥料)、100%推荐用量的无机肥料(尿素- tsp - mop -石膏-硫酸锌@ 150-110-70-60-5 kg ha-1) (RF)、禽粪@ 5 t ha-1、75% RF +禽粪@ 5 t ha-1、50% RF +禽粪@ 5 t ha-1。试验采用完全随机区组设计，设3个重复。总分蘖数-1(13.37)、有效分蘖数-1(6.76)、穗数-1 (107.86 cm)、产量(6.97 t hm -1)、秸秆产量(8.36 t hm -1)和收获指数(45.47%)均以比纳汉-17最高，千粒重(27.32 g)最高。在养分管理中，75% RF +禽粪处理在分蘖数(11.74)、穗数(115.26)、千粒重(23.49 g)、产量(6.57 t ha-1)和收获指数(48.20%)方面均优于其他处理。75% RF + 5 t ha-1家禽粪处理的比纳丹-17籽粒产量最高(7.10 t ha-1)，对照处理的比纳丹-16籽粒产量最低(5.32 t ha-1)。本研究认为，以75%推荐用量的无机肥+禽粪@ 5 t hm -1施用比纳丹-17是获得最高籽粒产量的有希望的做法。孟加拉国阿格龙。J. 2022, 25(2): 89-96
{"title":"Performance of Aman Rice Varieties Under Different Nutrient Management","authors":"A. Mushtaree, M. Sarkar, M. Kabiraj, Sk Sarkar, M. Rashid, S. Paul","doi":"10.3329/baj.v25i2.65952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v25i2.65952","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to December 2017 to investigate the combined effect of poultry manure with inorganic fertilizers on the yield of BINA developed transplant Aman rice varieties. The experiment comprised three varieties viz. Binadhan-15, Binadhan-16 and Binadhan-17 with five nutrient management viz. Control (no application of manures and fertilizers), 100% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (Urea-TSP-MoP-Gypsum-Zinc sulphate @ 150-110-70-60-5 kg ha-1) (RF), Poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, 75% RF + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1, 50% RF + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Number of total tillers hill-1 (13.37), number of effective tillers hill-1 (6.76), grains panicle-1 (107.86 cm), grain yield (6.97 t ha-1), straw yield (8.36 t ha-1), and harvest index (45.47%) were found to be the highest in Binadhan-17 and the highest weight of 1000-grain (27.32 g) was recorded in Binadhan-16. Among the nutrient management, 75% RF + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 exhibited its superiority to other treatments in terms of number of total tillers hill-1(11.74), grains panicle-1 (115.26), 1000-grain weight (23.49 g), grain yield (6.57 t ha-1) and harvest index (48.20%). The highest grain yield (7.10 t ha-1) was found in Binadhan-17 with 75% RF + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 and the lowest grain yield (5.32 t ha-1) was found in Binadhan-16 with control treatment. From the study, it can be concluded that Binadhan-17 fertilized with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 5 t ha-1 appears as the promising practice to obtain the highest grain yield. \u0000Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 89-96","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48957347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Research Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2018 to June 2019 to study the nitrogen requirement of boro rice grown with floating duckweed. The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The treatments were duckweed: viz. D0 = Control (0 g duckweeds m-2), D1 = 200 g duckweeds m-2, D2 = 400 g duckweeds m-2 and D3 = 600 g duckweeds m-2) and nitrogen treatment: N1 = 45 kg N ha-1, N2 = 90 kg N ha-1 and N3 = 180 kg N ha-1). Different doses of duckweeds showed significant influence on most of the parameters of which D2 (400 g duckweeds m-2) treatment the best performance on growth and yield parameters of rice. Among different doses of nitrogen, N2 (90 kg N ha-1) gave the best results on growth and yield parameters of rice. In case of combined effect, D2N2 showed the highest number of tillers hill-1 (16.40), dry weight hill-1 (48.97 g), number of effective tillers hill-1 (14.73) and number of grains panicle-1 (189.50). This treatment combination also showed the highest number of filled grains panicle-1 (183.90), panicle length (25.83 cm), 1000 -grain weight (25.13 g), seed yield (7.24 t ha-1), straw yield (8.47 t ha-1), biological yield (15.71 t ha-1) and harvest index (46.09%). On the other hand, D0N3 gave the least results on these parameters. Findings revealed that application of 400 g duckweeds m-2 with 90 kg N ha-1 showed the superiority over other treatment combinations to produce higher grain yield of boro rice. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 109-117
试验于2018年11月至2019年6月在达卡Sher-e-Bangla农业大学农学研究农场进行，研究浮萍种植水稻对氮的需求。试验采用因子随机完全区设计，有3个重复。处理为浮萍:D0 =对照(0 g浮萍m-2)， D1 = 200 g浮萍m-2, D2 = 400 g浮萍m-2, D3 = 600 g浮萍m-2)，氮处理:N1 = 45 kg N ha-1, N2 = 90 kg N ha-1, N3 = 180 kg N ha-1)。不同剂量浮萍对大部分参数均有显著影响，其中D2 (400 g浮萍m-2)处理对水稻生长和产量参数影响最大。在不同施氮量中，氮肥(90 kg N hm -1)对水稻生长和产量参数的影响最好。在综合效应下，D2N2分蘖数最高(16.40)，干重最高(48.97 g)，有效分蘖数最高(14.73)，穗粒数最高(189.50)。该组合灌浆粒数(穗数183.90)、穗长(25.83 cm)、千粒重(25.13 g)、籽粒产量(7.24 t ha-1)、秸秆产量(8.47 t ha-1)、生物产量(15.71 t ha-1)和收获指数(46.09%)最高。另一方面，D0N3在这些参数上给出的结果最少。结果表明，施用400 g浮萍m-2和90 kg N - ha-1处理比其他处理具有更高的水稻产量优势。孟加拉国阿格龙。[j] .浙江农业学报，2014,25 (2):109-117
{"title":"Effect of Nitrogen Doses in Boro Rice Grown with Variable Levels of Floating Duckweed","authors":"A. Hossain, H. Hossain, A. Amin, M. Mahmud","doi":"10.3329/baj.v25i2.65954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v25i2.65954","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Research Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2018 to June 2019 to study the nitrogen requirement of boro rice grown with floating duckweed. The experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The treatments were duckweed: viz. D0 = Control (0 g duckweeds m-2), D1 = 200 g duckweeds m-2, D2 = 400 g duckweeds m-2 and D3 = 600 g duckweeds m-2) and nitrogen treatment: N1 = 45 kg N ha-1, N2 = 90 kg N ha-1 and N3 = 180 kg N ha-1). Different doses of duckweeds showed significant influence on most of the parameters of which D2 (400 g duckweeds m-2) treatment the best performance on growth and yield parameters of rice. Among different doses of nitrogen, N2 (90 kg N ha-1) gave the best results on growth and yield parameters of rice. In case of combined effect, D2N2 showed the highest number of tillers hill-1 (16.40), dry weight hill-1 (48.97 g), number of effective tillers hill-1 (14.73) and number of grains panicle-1 (189.50). This treatment combination also showed the highest number of filled grains panicle-1 (183.90), panicle length (25.83 cm), 1000 -grain weight (25.13 g), seed yield (7.24 t ha-1), straw yield (8.47 t ha-1), biological yield (15.71 t ha-1) and harvest index (46.09%). On the other hand, D0N3 gave the least results on these parameters. Findings revealed that application of 400 g duckweeds m-2 with 90 kg N ha-1 showed the superiority over other treatment combinations to produce higher grain yield of boro rice. \u0000Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 109-117","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69447094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In modern agriculture, the application of nano fertilizers is increasing the productivity and stability of different crops by reducing the destructive effects of abiotic stresses. The nano particles are significant for their particle shape, potential reactivity, tunable pore size and high surface area. A pot experiment was conducted at the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during Rabi season (December 2020 to March 2021) to evaluate the effects of foliar spray of nano zinc (ZnO) in varying doses (0, 100 and 200 ppm) on growth, dry matter accumulation and yield of soybean under drought (40% of field capacity, FC) and control (80% of FC) conditions. The trial was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Plant height; fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem and whole plant; number of pods per plant; number of seeds pod-1; 100-seed weight and seed yield of soybean were suppressed due to drought stress. Under both drought and control conditions, the foliar application of nano zinc substantially improved the growth, dry matter accumulation and yield of soybean. In drought condition, the foliar spray of 200 ppm nano zinc solution increased plant height, total fresh and dry weight by 21.69, 34.23 and 76.03%, respectively. In drought conditions, nano Zn particles at 100 and 200 ppm increased seed yield by 26.79 and 63.50%, and in control conditions by 13.07 and 23.56%, respectively. As such the results indicated that foliar application of nano zinc oxide improved growth, yield and drought tolerance of soybean. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 73-82
{"title":"Foliar Application Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Growth, Yield and Drought Tolerance of Soybean","authors":"DB Dola, Mannan Ma","doi":"10.3329/baj.v25i2.65940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/baj.v25i2.65940","url":null,"abstract":"In modern agriculture, the application of nano fertilizers is increasing the productivity and stability of different crops by reducing the destructive effects of abiotic stresses. The nano particles are significant for their particle shape, potential reactivity, tunable pore size and high surface area. A pot experiment was conducted at the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during Rabi season (December 2020 to March 2021) to evaluate the effects of foliar spray of nano zinc (ZnO) in varying doses (0, 100 and 200 ppm) on growth, dry matter accumulation and yield of soybean under drought (40% of field capacity, FC) and control (80% of FC) conditions. The trial was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Plant height; fresh and dry weight of leaf, stem and whole plant; number of pods per plant; number of seeds pod-1; 100-seed weight and seed yield of soybean were suppressed due to drought stress. Under both drought and control conditions, the foliar application of nano zinc substantially improved the growth, dry matter accumulation and yield of soybean. In drought condition, the foliar spray of 200 ppm nano zinc solution increased plant height, total fresh and dry weight by 21.69, 34.23 and 76.03%, respectively. In drought conditions, nano Zn particles at 100 and 200 ppm increased seed yield by 26.79 and 63.50%, and in control conditions by 13.07 and 23.56%, respectively. As such the results indicated that foliar application of nano zinc oxide improved growth, yield and drought tolerance of soybean. \u0000Bangladesh Agron. J. 2022, 25(2): 73-82","PeriodicalId":30957,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Agronomy Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44696556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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