Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2022.1050
S. M, Shaghi F, Safarian H, Saffar S, Tavallaei S, Navaei-Alipour N, Shabani N, Ferns Ga, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Darroudi S, Kermany T, Zilae M
Aim: In current study, we aimed to investigate the effects of barberry on serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in subjects with MetS, because of it are the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Methods: 106 Subjects were randomly assigned to 2 study groups: 1) A barberry group receiving capsules containing 600 mg barberry daily for 6 weeks (n=53); 2) Control group contained subjects taking one placebo capsule daily (n=53). Atomic absorption was used to measure serum zinc and copper. SOD activity was measured using a pyrogallol indirect spectrophotometric assay. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference in changes in serum zinc between the barberry and placebo groups (p=0.620). There were significant differences in changes in serum copper between the 2 study groups (p<0.001). Moreover, there were significant differences in Zn/ Cu changes between the barberry and placebo groups (p=0.027). In addition, there were significant differences in changes in serum SOD1 between the study groups (p=0.077). Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that barberry supplementation (600mg daily) for 6 weeks can increase serum copper and SOD1 levels and decrease the Zn/Cu ratio in patients with MetS.
{"title":"Effects of Barberry Capsules on Serum Zinc and Copper in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"S. M, Shaghi F, Safarian H, Saffar S, Tavallaei S, Navaei-Alipour N, Shabani N, Ferns Ga, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Darroudi S, Kermany T, Zilae M","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2022.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2022.1050","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: In current study, we aimed to investigate the effects of barberry on serum copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in subjects with MetS, because of it are the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Methods: 106 Subjects were randomly assigned to 2 study groups: 1) A barberry group receiving capsules containing 600 mg barberry daily for 6 weeks (n=53); 2) Control group contained subjects taking one placebo capsule daily (n=53). Atomic absorption was used to measure serum zinc and copper. SOD activity was measured using a pyrogallol indirect spectrophotometric assay. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference in changes in serum zinc between the barberry and placebo groups (p=0.620). There were significant differences in changes in serum copper between the 2 study groups (p<0.001). Moreover, there were significant differences in Zn/ Cu changes between the barberry and placebo groups (p=0.027). In addition, there were significant differences in changes in serum SOD1 between the study groups (p=0.077). Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that barberry supplementation (600mg daily) for 6 weeks can increase serum copper and SOD1 levels and decrease the Zn/Cu ratio in patients with MetS.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121214032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1049
K. A
Aim: Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) has good success in improving health outcomes after a heart event. There is poor enrolment and attendance of CR programmes worldwide, particularly for indigenous peoples, such as New Zealand (NZ) Maori. The present study aimed to provide in-depth interview information about barriers and facilitators of both enrolment and attendance in CR, as well as identifying potential solutions. Methods: Thirty-two semi-structured interviews with Maori referred to CR who either: did not enroll; enrolled but did not complete; and completed the programme. Interview topics were based on meta-syntheses and NZspecific information as well as suggested improvements. The transcripts were inductively analysed. Results: Barriers specific to enrolment were inadequate timing or format communication about CR. Time of day or day of week of sessions, and ability to find transportation to attend were barriers to attending. Group format and cultural focus were perceived as barriers to some, but facilitators for others (enrolment and attendance). Participants suggested ways to improve CR communication (enrolment), flexibility regarding content and timing of CR, and, provision of transport (enrolment and attendance), and, increased cultural focus (enrolment and attendance). Conclusions: Providing a greater variety and flexibility in CR programme design could potentially improve enrolment and attendance for indigenous and for non-indigenous clients. Offering CR sessions after hours, in locations that are easily accessible, having different formats such as: groups, individual versus online, or, indigenous- or European dominant-focus may mean that CR appeals to a larger group of CR patients.
{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to Uptake and Attendance of Secondary Cardiac Prevention Programmes for Indigenous New Zealanders","authors":"K. A","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1049","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) has good success in improving health outcomes after a heart event. There is poor enrolment and attendance of CR programmes worldwide, particularly for indigenous peoples, such as New Zealand (NZ) Maori. The present study aimed to provide in-depth interview information about barriers and facilitators of both enrolment and attendance in CR, as well as identifying potential solutions. Methods: Thirty-two semi-structured interviews with Maori referred to CR who either: did not enroll; enrolled but did not complete; and completed the programme. Interview topics were based on meta-syntheses and NZspecific information as well as suggested improvements. The transcripts were inductively analysed. Results: Barriers specific to enrolment were inadequate timing or format communication about CR. Time of day or day of week of sessions, and ability to find transportation to attend were barriers to attending. Group format and cultural focus were perceived as barriers to some, but facilitators for others (enrolment and attendance). Participants suggested ways to improve CR communication (enrolment), flexibility regarding content and timing of CR, and, provision of transport (enrolment and attendance), and, increased cultural focus (enrolment and attendance). Conclusions: Providing a greater variety and flexibility in CR programme design could potentially improve enrolment and attendance for indigenous and for non-indigenous clients. Offering CR sessions after hours, in locations that are easily accessible, having different formats such as: groups, individual versus online, or, indigenous- or European dominant-focus may mean that CR appeals to a larger group of CR patients.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127432033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-15DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1048
Valchanov K, Tan Z, Valchanova A
Refractory Angina Pectoris is a chronic pain condition relating to myocardial ischaemia in the presence of coronary artery disease despite optimal medical therapy. It affects a cohort of patients with a subset of the coronary perfusion deficiencies. While there is no cure for these patients, an array of medical and interventional treatment is available in 2021. In this article we discuss the options available with an explanation of the mechanisms of action and evidence for their use.
{"title":"Medical and Interventional Treatment of Refractory Angina","authors":"Valchanov K, Tan Z, Valchanova A","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1048","url":null,"abstract":"Refractory Angina Pectoris is a chronic pain condition relating to myocardial ischaemia in the presence of coronary artery disease despite optimal medical therapy. It affects a cohort of patients with a subset of the coronary perfusion deficiencies. While there is no cure for these patients, an array of medical and interventional treatment is available in 2021. In this article we discuss the options available with an explanation of the mechanisms of action and evidence for their use.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130270753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-08DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1047
Safary E, Mtaita C
Background: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Malawi and they come second as the leading cause of death in adults after HIV and AIDS. The World Health Organization (WHO) highlighted the importance of NCD monitoring as a key action which were adopted by the Member States in addressing NCDs. The framework is composed of nine global targets and 25 indicators aimed at combating global mortality for the four main NCDs. This study aimed to examine the existing national NCD monitoring tools, activities and gaps in Malawi based on WHO Global Monitoring Framework for NCDs. Methods: A desk review was conducted from June to August 2021, to examine the existing national NCD monitoring tool in Malawi from multiple sources. Policy and program documents relating to NCD monitoring in Malawi from 2011 to 2021 were identified and analyzed. Results: The findings of this review are presented according to the three major themes of the Global Monitoring Framework: Health systems capacity, monitoring of risk factors, and monitoring of mortality and morbidity outcomes. Malawi has an NCD monitoring tool in place that is adequate for the WHO NCD Global Monitoring Framework. However, there are still gaps with data from monitoring health systems indicators of the framework and hence requires strengthening. Conclusion: The country must also look beyond these set of indicators and target increasing burden and impact of COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"An Overview of the Available Health System for Monitoring Non-Communicable Diseases in Malawi","authors":"Safary E, Mtaita C","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1047","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Malawi and they come second as the leading cause of death in adults after HIV and AIDS. The World Health Organization (WHO) highlighted the importance of NCD monitoring as a key action which were adopted by the Member States in addressing NCDs. The framework is composed of nine global targets and 25 indicators aimed at combating global mortality for the four main NCDs. This study aimed to examine the existing national NCD monitoring tools, activities and gaps in Malawi based on WHO Global Monitoring Framework for NCDs. Methods: A desk review was conducted from June to August 2021, to examine the existing national NCD monitoring tool in Malawi from multiple sources. Policy and program documents relating to NCD monitoring in Malawi from 2011 to 2021 were identified and analyzed. Results: The findings of this review are presented according to the three major themes of the Global Monitoring Framework: Health systems capacity, monitoring of risk factors, and monitoring of mortality and morbidity outcomes. Malawi has an NCD monitoring tool in place that is adequate for the WHO NCD Global Monitoring Framework. However, there are still gaps with data from monitoring health systems indicators of the framework and hence requires strengthening. Conclusion: The country must also look beyond these set of indicators and target increasing burden and impact of COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131481296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-06DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1046
C. F
Increased Homocysteine Levels (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. On the other hand, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts a protection against cardiovascular injuries. On the contrary, accumulating evidences showed that downregulation of defective catabolism of HHcy, with reduced H2S synthesis, is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. In that occurrence, the detrimental actions on cardiovascular structures performed by HHcy are added to the negative consequences of reduced H2S (in part unlike each HHcy) on cardiovascular system. Therefore, when the reduced re-methylation pathway of Hcy towards Met (resulting in HHcy) is contemporarily added to the decreased trans-sulfuration pathway (inducing a reduction of H2S synthesis) cardiovascular impairment significantly increases.
{"title":"Increase of Homocysteinemia/Hydrogen Sulfide (Hcy/H2S) Ratio Raises Cardiovascular Injuries","authors":"C. F","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1046","url":null,"abstract":"Increased Homocysteine Levels (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. On the other hand, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exerts a protection against cardiovascular injuries. On the contrary, accumulating evidences showed that downregulation of defective catabolism of HHcy, with reduced H2S synthesis, is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. In that occurrence, the detrimental actions on cardiovascular structures performed by HHcy are added to the negative consequences of reduced H2S (in part unlike each HHcy) on cardiovascular system. Therefore, when the reduced re-methylation pathway of Hcy towards Met (resulting in HHcy) is contemporarily added to the decreased trans-sulfuration pathway (inducing a reduction of H2S synthesis) cardiovascular impairment significantly increases.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131561187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1045
C. F
Background: Increased homocysteine serum levels (HHcy) induce Endothelium Dysfunction (ED), responsible of the activation of some proinflammatory agents (“cytokine storm”), the imbalance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction with vasoconstrictive prevalence, increased oxidative stress and hyper-coagulability. Methods: All these events can worsen the course of COVID-19 in HHcy- patients, favoring the evolution towards vasculitis, thromboembolic complications, multi-organ dysfunction until acute respiratory distress and failure. Results: Therefore, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also called COVID-19, elapses more dangerously in patients affected by HHcy and can easily complicate with thromboembolic events. But, some vitamins of B-group and other substances could positively affect both high Hcy levels and thrombotic complications of SARS-CoV-2 happening in lungs and other districts. Conclusions: COVID-19 can have a dangerous evolution and a bad prognosis in patients with HHcy. Concerning this, some compounds seem to exert beneficial effects on HHcy, inflammatory and coagulopathic complications.
{"title":"Worse Course and Bad Prognosis of COVID-19 in Hyper-Homocysteinemia: Role of Some B-Group Vitamins and of Other Compounds","authors":"C. F","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1045","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Increased homocysteine serum levels (HHcy) induce Endothelium Dysfunction (ED), responsible of the activation of some proinflammatory agents (“cytokine storm”), the imbalance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction with vasoconstrictive prevalence, increased oxidative stress and hyper-coagulability. Methods: All these events can worsen the course of COVID-19 in HHcy- patients, favoring the evolution towards vasculitis, thromboembolic complications, multi-organ dysfunction until acute respiratory distress and failure. Results: Therefore, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) also called COVID-19, elapses more dangerously in patients affected by HHcy and can easily complicate with thromboembolic events. But, some vitamins of B-group and other substances could positively affect both high Hcy levels and thrombotic complications of SARS-CoV-2 happening in lungs and other districts. Conclusions: COVID-19 can have a dangerous evolution and a bad prognosis in patients with HHcy. Concerning this, some compounds seem to exert beneficial effects on HHcy, inflammatory and coagulopathic complications.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129767067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-12DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1044
De las Nieves López Ma, C. RoblesMateos, Soriano Jj, O. BarónFernandez, Dominguez Lomeña Mj, Palomo Hernandez Am
Background and Methods: Gliflozins are widely prescribed drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes. We pursue to explain abnormal increments in red cell parameters observed in this population, by means of a longitudinal study in 149 patients with a gliflozins exposure period of 12±6 months. Red cell parameters, HbA1c and other variables were recorded. Results: HbA1c fraction decreased (-0.5±1.3, 95% CI: -0.7 to -0.3, p<0.001), while mean hemoglobin (0.5±0.9, 95% CI: 0.3 to 0.6, P<0.001) and hematocrit (1.6±2.6, 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.0, P<0.001) increased. Mean (SD) hematocrit increased 2.7±1.9 in 112 patients, and decreased -1.7±1.5 in 37 (p<0.001 for subgroup differences). The larger increments in PCV were proportional to higher plasma fraction at baseline (p=0.009). Conclusion: Red cell parameters after gliflozins exposure tend to increase and may reach abnormally high thresholds in some patients with type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"A Longitudinal Study on Hematocrit Changes after Glifozins Exposure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"De las Nieves López Ma, C. RoblesMateos, Soriano Jj, O. BarónFernandez, Dominguez Lomeña Mj, Palomo Hernandez Am","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1044","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Methods: Gliflozins are widely prescribed drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes. We pursue to explain abnormal increments in red cell parameters observed in this population, by means of a longitudinal study in 149 patients with a gliflozins exposure period of 12±6 months. Red cell parameters, HbA1c and other variables were recorded. Results: HbA1c fraction decreased (-0.5±1.3, 95% CI: -0.7 to -0.3, p<0.001), while mean hemoglobin (0.5±0.9, 95% CI: 0.3 to 0.6, P<0.001) and hematocrit (1.6±2.6, 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.0, P<0.001) increased. Mean (SD) hematocrit increased 2.7±1.9 in 112 patients, and decreased -1.7±1.5 in 37 (p<0.001 for subgroup differences). The larger increments in PCV were proportional to higher plasma fraction at baseline (p=0.009). Conclusion: Red cell parameters after gliflozins exposure tend to increase and may reach abnormally high thresholds in some patients with type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128780160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-09DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1043
M. Bertoni, Traini Am, A. Celli, C. Bini, A. Bracciali, M Foretic, D. Me
Background: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is considered both a profibrotic biomarker in Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) and a biomarker of atrial remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation (AF). The Left Atrial Volume Index (LAVI) is an echocardiographic parameter considered an index of left atrial remodeling. Aim of this study was to analyse the relation of Gal-3 levels with both LAVI and N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with HFpEF and Persistent AF (HFpEF-PAF). Methods: Serum Gal-3 and NT-proBNP, along with LAVI were measured. A comparison of such parameters between 49 patients with HFpEF-PAF and 53 patients with HFpEF and sinus rhythm (HEpEF-SR) was made. Results: Galectin-3, NT-proBNP and LAVI were significantly higher in patients with HFpEF-PAF compared to HFpEF-SR (23±7 ng/mL vs 19.5±8.5 ng/mL, p=0.027; 3,406.8±2,321.9 pg/mL vs 1,459.6±1,372 pg/mL, p<0.001; 40.1±11mL/m² vs 28.4±7.7 mL/m², p<0.001, respectively). In HFpEF-PAF, Gal- 3 showed a significant correlation with both NT-proBNP (r=0.40, p=0.0038) and LAVI (r=0.28, p=0.044). We found a significant association between patients with higher levels of Gal-3 >17.8 ng/mL and HFpEF-PAF (p=0.002). Finally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and traditional clinical AF risk factors showed that Gal-3 >17,8 ng/mL (OR 3.862, 95% CI 1.416 to 10.532, p=0.008) was an independent predictor of PAF. Conclusions: In patients with HFpEF-PAF Gal-3 was higher and related with both NT-proBNP and LAVI. The latter correlation may be relevant because LAVI is considered an index of left atrial remodeling. Moreover, higher levels of Gal-3>17,8 ng/mL were an independent predictor of PAF.
背景:半乳糖凝集素-3 (Gal-3)被认为是保留射血分数(HFpEF)心力衰竭的促纤维化生物标志物，也是房颤(AF)心房重构的生物标志物。左房容积指数(LAVI)是超声心动图参数被认为是左房重构的指标。本研究的目的是分析HFpEF和持续性房颤(HFpEF- paf)患者血清中Gal-3水平与LAVI和n端亲b型利钠肽(NT-proBNP)的关系。方法:测定血清Gal-3、NT-proBNP及LAVI。比较49例HFpEF- paf患者和53例HFpEF合并窦性心律(HEpEF-SR)患者的这些参数。结果:HFpEF-PAF患者Galectin-3、NT-proBNP和LAVI水平明显高于HFpEF-SR患者(23±7 ng/mL vs 19.5±8.5 ng/mL, p=0.027;3,406.8±2,321.9 pg/mL vs 1,459.6±1,372 pg/mL, p17.8 ng/mL和HFpEF-PAF (p=0.002)。最后，校正了年龄、性别和传统临床AF危险因素的多因素logistic回归分析显示，Gal-3 >17,8 ng/mL (OR 3.862, 95% CI 1.416 ~ 10.532, p=0.008)是PAF的独立预测因子。结论:HFpEF-PAF患者Gal-3较高，且与NT-proBNP和LAVI相关。后一种相关性可能是相关的，因为LAVI被认为是左房重构的一个指标。此外，高水平的Gal-3>17,8 ng/mL是PAF的独立预测因子。
{"title":"Galectin-3 in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Versus Sinus Rhythm. Correlation with Left Atrial Volume and N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide","authors":"M. Bertoni, Traini Am, A. Celli, C. Bini, A. Bracciali, M Foretic, D. Me","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1043","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is considered both a profibrotic biomarker in Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) and a biomarker of atrial remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation (AF). The Left Atrial Volume Index (LAVI) is an echocardiographic parameter considered an index of left atrial remodeling. Aim of this study was to analyse the relation of Gal-3 levels with both LAVI and N-Terminal Pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with HFpEF and Persistent AF (HFpEF-PAF). Methods: Serum Gal-3 and NT-proBNP, along with LAVI were measured. A comparison of such parameters between 49 patients with HFpEF-PAF and 53 patients with HFpEF and sinus rhythm (HEpEF-SR) was made. Results: Galectin-3, NT-proBNP and LAVI were significantly higher in patients with HFpEF-PAF compared to HFpEF-SR (23±7 ng/mL vs 19.5±8.5 ng/mL, p=0.027; 3,406.8±2,321.9 pg/mL vs 1,459.6±1,372 pg/mL, p<0.001; 40.1±11mL/m² vs 28.4±7.7 mL/m², p<0.001, respectively). In HFpEF-PAF, Gal- 3 showed a significant correlation with both NT-proBNP (r=0.40, p=0.0038) and LAVI (r=0.28, p=0.044). We found a significant association between patients with higher levels of Gal-3 >17.8 ng/mL and HFpEF-PAF (p=0.002). Finally, a multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and traditional clinical AF risk factors showed that Gal-3 >17,8 ng/mL (OR 3.862, 95% CI 1.416 to 10.532, p=0.008) was an independent predictor of PAF. Conclusions: In patients with HFpEF-PAF Gal-3 was higher and related with both NT-proBNP and LAVI. The latter correlation may be relevant because LAVI is considered an index of left atrial remodeling. Moreover, higher levels of Gal-3>17,8 ng/mL were an independent predictor of PAF.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125152418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-07DOI: 10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1042
Vlachakis Pk, A. Tentolouris, I. Kanakakis, I. Eleftheriadou, D. Alexopoulos
As smartphone health care technology continues to evolve, many wearable devices are equipped with Electrocardiographic (ECG) recording. Recently, studies examining the possibility of various wearable devices for continuous ECG recording showed their ability to detect ST-segment alterations. It is known that in almost a quarter of people with diabetes, the presentation of an acute coronary syndrome may be atypical or even asymptomatic (“silent”), and it has been associated with adverse prognosis. The precise mechanisms behind the lack of pain in patients suffering from silent myocardial ischemia remain unknown. The attractive hypothesis that clinicians could use a wearable ECG recording to detect and treat earlier patients suffering from silent myocardial ischemia might change the adverse prognosis of those patients. However, before their clinical application, several obstacles should be overcome in order the physicians to obtain an additional powerful tool in the fight against coronary artery disease in people with diabetes.
{"title":"Wearable Devices: A Future Useful Tool for Detection of Silent Ischemia in Patients with Diabetes?","authors":"Vlachakis Pk, A. Tentolouris, I. Kanakakis, I. Eleftheriadou, D. Alexopoulos","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1042","url":null,"abstract":"As smartphone health care technology continues to evolve, many wearable devices are equipped with Electrocardiographic (ECG) recording. Recently, studies examining the possibility of various wearable devices for continuous ECG recording showed their ability to detect ST-segment alterations. It is known that in almost a quarter of people with diabetes, the presentation of an acute coronary syndrome may be atypical or even asymptomatic (“silent”), and it has been associated with adverse prognosis. The precise mechanisms behind the lack of pain in patients suffering from silent myocardial ischemia remain unknown. The attractive hypothesis that clinicians could use a wearable ECG recording to detect and treat earlier patients suffering from silent myocardial ischemia might change the adverse prognosis of those patients. However, before their clinical application, several obstacles should be overcome in order the physicians to obtain an additional powerful tool in the fight against coronary artery disease in people with diabetes.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121220295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tea contains antioxidant catechins thought to exert health-promoting protective effects against conditions involving chronic inflammation, such as cardiovascular diseases. The most abundant catechin in tea is Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), thought to be a key contributor to tea’s health-promoting actions. EGCG exerts protective cardiovascular effects via its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, hypolipidemic, anti-thrombogenic, and anti-hypertensive actions. Because EGCG inhibits the strong proinflammatory gene-inducing transcription factor NF-κB, we analyzed the chemical and molecular details of the mechanism by which EGCG mediates NF-κB inhibition. We quantified and mapped key parameters of its chemical reactivity including its electrophilic Fukui ƒ+ function, in silico covalent binding, and identified its frontier Molecular Orbitals (MOs) and nucleophilic susceptibility. These physical and chemical reactivity parameters revealed that the bond-forming MOs are distributed on the B ring of the EGCG oxidized state with nucleophilic susceptibility, and that this B ring has properties that favor participating in a Cys-alkylating 1,4-addition reaction. Molecular modeling and docking analysis further revealed that EGCG bonds covalently with Cys-38 of NF-κB-p65, and thereby inhibits its DNA binding ability. We also generated a model pharmacophore based on the EGCG-NF-κB complex. We conclude that EGCG covalently binds to NF-κB-p65 and inhibits it by abolishing its DNA binding, by chemical mechanisms that may inform design of EGCG derivatives as novel anti-inflammatory agents.
{"title":"Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) – A Novel Covalent NF- κB Inhibitor: Structural and Molecular Characterization","authors":"Reddy At, Lakshmi Sp, Varadacharyulu N.Ch, Kodidhela Ld","doi":"10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/jcardiovascdisord.2021.1041","url":null,"abstract":"Tea contains antioxidant catechins thought to exert health-promoting protective effects against conditions involving chronic inflammation, such as cardiovascular diseases. The most abundant catechin in tea is Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), thought to be a key contributor to tea’s health-promoting actions. EGCG exerts protective cardiovascular effects via its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, hypolipidemic, anti-thrombogenic, and anti-hypertensive actions. Because EGCG inhibits the strong proinflammatory gene-inducing transcription factor NF-κB, we analyzed the chemical and molecular details of the mechanism by which EGCG mediates NF-κB inhibition. We quantified and mapped key parameters of its chemical reactivity including its electrophilic Fukui ƒ+ function, in silico covalent binding, and identified its frontier Molecular Orbitals (MOs) and nucleophilic susceptibility. These physical and chemical reactivity parameters revealed that the bond-forming MOs are distributed on the B ring of the EGCG oxidized state with nucleophilic susceptibility, and that this B ring has properties that favor participating in a Cys-alkylating 1,4-addition reaction. Molecular modeling and docking analysis further revealed that EGCG bonds covalently with Cys-38 of NF-κB-p65, and thereby inhibits its DNA binding ability. We also generated a model pharmacophore based on the EGCG-NF-κB complex. We conclude that EGCG covalently binds to NF-κB-p65 and inhibits it by abolishing its DNA binding, by chemical mechanisms that may inform design of EGCG derivatives as novel anti-inflammatory agents.","PeriodicalId":309705,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116307929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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