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A Belief Similarity Measure for Dempster-Shafer Evidence Theory and Application in Decision Making Dempster-Shafer 证据理论的信念相似性测量方法及其在决策中的应用
Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202443
Zhe Liu
How to effectively deal with uncertain and imprecise information in decision making is a complex task. Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (DSET) is widely used for handling such challenges due to its ability to model uncertainty and imprecision. However, Dempster's rule can sometimes yield counterintuitive results when dealing with highly conflicting evidence. In this paper, we introduce a novel belief sine similarity measure, called $BS^2M$, which effectively measures the discrepancy between different pieces of evidence. We also establish that $BS^2M$ possesses important properties such as boundedness, symmetry, and non-degeneracy. Building upon $BS^2M$, we present a new method for decision making. The proposed method considers both the credibility and the information volume of each evidence, providing a more comprehensive reflection of their importance. To validate our method, we conduct experiment in target recognition application, demonstrating the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method.
如何在决策过程中有效处理不确定和不精确的信息是一项复杂的任务。由于 Dempster-Shafer 证据理论(DSET)能够模拟不确定性和不精确性,因此被广泛用于应对此类挑战。然而,在处理高度冲突的证据时,Dempster 规则有时会产生反直觉的结果。在本文中,我们引入了一种新的信念正弦相似度量,称为 $BS^2M$,它能有效测量不同证据之间的差异。我们还确定了 $BS^2M$ 具有有界性、对称性和非退化性等重要特性。在 $BS^2M$ 的基础上,我们提出了一种新的决策方法。所提出的方法同时考虑了每个证据的可信度和信息量,能更全面地反映它们的重要性。为了验证我们的方法,我们在目标识别应用中进行了实验,证明了所提方法的有效性和合理性。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Cruise Controllability on the Decision Making of Schedule Construction 巡航可控性对时间表制定决策的影响
Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202431
Xin Wen, Zimu Guo
Nowadays, challenged by diverse uncertainties and disruptions (e.g., bad weather), as well as the strict environmental regulations imposed by authorities (e.g., on carbon emissions), airlines are struggling. How to improve their operational efficiency in such a volatile and adverse market becomes a top agenda of airlines. Among various operations, crew scheduling is fundamentally important as staffing cost is a big part of the total operational expenses. It is known that in crew scheduling, “robust crew pairing” is crucial to make the produced pairings less vulnerable in real operations. Existing studies generally construct robustness assuming that the aircraft cruise speed is fixed. However, prior studies have found that flight times exhibit significant variations due to reasons like cruise speed adjustment, and aircraft can control cruise speed for purposes like reducing delays. For crew, cruise speed controllability is also useful in hedging disruptions. For example, one flight can speed up to meet its on-time arrival even if it departs late due to crew disruptions. However, the impacts of cruise speed controllability on crew pairing robustness and the related environmental costs are under-explored. We thus propose this preliminary study to explore the possibility to use cruise speed controllability to enhance schedule robustness for crews.
如今,面对各种不确定性和干扰因素(如恶劣天气)的挑战,以及当局实施的严格环保法规(如碳排放),航空公司举步维艰。如何在如此动荡和不利的市场环境下提高运营效率成为航空公司的首要任务。在各种业务中,机组人员的调度至关重要,因为人员成本是总运营费用的重要组成部分。众所周知,在机组调度中,"稳健的机组配对 "至关重要,它能使产生的配对在实际运行中不易受到影响。现有研究通常假定飞机巡航速度是固定的,从而构建稳健性。然而,之前的研究发现,由于巡航速度调整等原因,飞行时间会出现很大的变化,飞机可以控制巡航速度以达到减少延误等目的。对于机组人员来说,巡航速度的可控性也有助于对冲干扰。例如,一个航班即使由于机组人员的干扰而延迟起飞,也可以加快速度以满足准时到达的要求。然而,巡航速度可控性对机组配对稳健性和相关环境成本的影响还未得到充分探讨。因此,我们提出了这项初步研究,探索利用巡航速度可控性提高机组人员班次稳健性的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Influencers Marketing and its Impacts on Sustainable Fashion Consumption Among Generation Z 影响者营销及其对 Z 世代可持续时尚消费的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202438
Jinyan Ge
This research explores the intersection of influencer marketing and sustainable fashion purchase intentions among Generation Z in the UK and China, addressing critical challenges in the fashion industry, such as environmental impacts and overconsumption. The study introduces sustainable fashion as a potential solution and emphasizes the role of influencers in shaping Generation Z's attitudes and behaviours. The research delves into the environmental consequences of fast fashion and the emergence of sustainable fashion, providing a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and potential solutions within the industry. The focus then shifts to influencer marketing, recognizing its significance in the digital age, especially among Generation Z, who are considered crucial influencers in the fashion market.The study develops hypotheses that investigate the impact of influencers' experiences, similarity between influencers and Generation Z, and influencers' expertise in sustainable fashion on Generation Z's purchase intentions. Additionally, the research considers consumer attitudes, subjective norms influenced by influencers, and perceived behavioral control, including affordability concerns, as factors influencing sustainable fashion purchase intentions. Positioning Generation Z as a key demographic, the research aims to contribute valuable insights into the complex dynamics of influencer marketing, consumer attitudes, and sustainable fashion consumption. The formulated hypotheses offer a framework for understanding the nuanced relationships between influencers and Generation Z's decision-making processes in the context of sustainable fashion.
本研究探讨了影响者营销与英国和中国 Z 世代的可持续时装购买意向之间的交叉点,以应对时装业面临的严峻挑战,如环境影响和过度消费。研究介绍了可持续时尚作为一种潜在的解决方案,并强调了影响者在塑造 Z 世代态度和行为中的作用。研究深入探讨了快速时尚对环境造成的影响以及可持续时尚的兴起,提供了对该行业面临的挑战和潜在解决方案的全面了解。研究提出了一些假设,调查影响者的经验、影响者与 Z 世代之间的相似性以及影响者在可持续时尚方面的专业知识对 Z 世代购买意向的影响。此外,研究还将消费者态度、受影响者影响的主观规范、感知到的行为控制(包括对经济承受能力的担忧)视为影响可持续时尚购买意愿的因素。本研究将 Z 世代定位为关键人群,旨在为影响者营销、消费者态度和可持续时尚消费的复杂动态提供有价值的见解。提出的假设为理解可持续时尚背景下影响者与 Z 世代决策过程之间的微妙关系提供了一个框架。
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引用次数: 0
International Training and Development 国际培训与发展
Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202437
Wenjia Pei
It is widely accepted that effective management of human resources will bring about increased organizational and employee performance. Based on this, the area of international human resource management (IHRM) has gained increased interest, especially with the continued growth of multinational corporations and globalization. Many IHRM practices and theories have been developed since the emergence of international business. The boundaries of IHRM are established within the concepts of MNC management across diverse cultural work practices as well as comparative international HRM among organisations. In this paper, I will reflect on these concepts as applicable in the practices of international training and development and performance management and compensation. My reflective essay will explore these topics with a key interest in expatriates who are affected greatly
人们普遍认为,有效的人力资源管理将提高组织和员工的绩效。基于这一点,国际人力资源管理(IHRM)领域受到越来越多的关注,特别是随着跨国公司和全球化的不断发展。自国际商业出现以来,许多国际人力资源管理实践和理论都得到了发展。国际人力资源管理的界限是在跨国公司管理的概念范围内确立的,涉及不同文化的工作实践以及组织间的国际人力资源管理比较。在本文中,我将对这些适用于国际培训与发展、绩效管理与薪酬实践的概念进行反思。我的反思性论文将探讨这些主题,重点关注受到极大影响的外派人员。
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引用次数: 0
Influencers Marketing and its Impacts on Sustainable Fashion Consumption Among Generation Z 影响者营销及其对 Z 世代可持续时尚消费的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202438
Jinyan Ge
This research explores the intersection of influencer marketing and sustainable fashion purchase intentions among Generation Z in the UK and China, addressing critical challenges in the fashion industry, such as environmental impacts and overconsumption. The study introduces sustainable fashion as a potential solution and emphasizes the role of influencers in shaping Generation Z's attitudes and behaviours. The research delves into the environmental consequences of fast fashion and the emergence of sustainable fashion, providing a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and potential solutions within the industry. The focus then shifts to influencer marketing, recognizing its significance in the digital age, especially among Generation Z, who are considered crucial influencers in the fashion market.The study develops hypotheses that investigate the impact of influencers' experiences, similarity between influencers and Generation Z, and influencers' expertise in sustainable fashion on Generation Z's purchase intentions. Additionally, the research considers consumer attitudes, subjective norms influenced by influencers, and perceived behavioral control, including affordability concerns, as factors influencing sustainable fashion purchase intentions. Positioning Generation Z as a key demographic, the research aims to contribute valuable insights into the complex dynamics of influencer marketing, consumer attitudes, and sustainable fashion consumption. The formulated hypotheses offer a framework for understanding the nuanced relationships between influencers and Generation Z's decision-making processes in the context of sustainable fashion.
本研究探讨了影响者营销与英国和中国 Z 世代的可持续时装购买意向之间的交叉点,以应对时装业面临的严峻挑战,如环境影响和过度消费。研究介绍了可持续时尚作为一种潜在的解决方案,并强调了影响者在塑造 Z 世代态度和行为中的作用。研究深入探讨了快速时尚对环境造成的影响以及可持续时尚的兴起,提供了对该行业面临的挑战和潜在解决方案的全面了解。研究提出了一些假设,调查影响者的经验、影响者与 Z 世代之间的相似性以及影响者在可持续时尚方面的专业知识对 Z 世代购买意向的影响。此外,研究还将消费者态度、受影响者影响的主观规范、感知到的行为控制(包括对经济承受能力的担忧)视为影响可持续时尚购买意愿的因素。本研究将 Z 世代定位为关键人群,旨在为影响者营销、消费者态度和可持续时尚消费的复杂动态提供有价值的见解。提出的假设为理解可持续时尚背景下影响者与 Z 世代决策过程之间的微妙关系提供了一个框架。
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引用次数: 0
International Training and Development 国际培训与发展
Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202437
Wenjia Pei
It is widely accepted that effective management of human resources will bring about increased organizational and employee performance. Based on this, the area of international human resource management (IHRM) has gained increased interest, especially with the continued growth of multinational corporations and globalization. Many IHRM practices and theories have been developed since the emergence of international business. The boundaries of IHRM are established within the concepts of MNC management across diverse cultural work practices as well as comparative international HRM among organisations. In this paper, I will reflect on these concepts as applicable in the practices of international training and development and performance management and compensation. My reflective essay will explore these topics with a key interest in expatriates who are affected greatly
人们普遍认为,有效的人力资源管理将提高组织和员工的绩效。基于这一点,国际人力资源管理(IHRM)领域受到越来越多的关注,特别是随着跨国公司和全球化的不断发展。自国际商业出现以来,许多国际人力资源管理实践和理论都得到了发展。国际人力资源管理的界限是在跨国公司管理的概念范围内确立的,涉及不同文化的工作实践以及组织间的国际人力资源管理比较。在本文中,我将对这些适用于国际培训与发展、绩效管理与薪酬实践的概念进行反思。我的反思性论文将探讨这些主题,重点关注受到极大影响的外派人员。
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引用次数: 0
Mathematical Predicted Values Based on Sombor Descriptors for Cyclooctane Chains 基于松博描述符的环辛烷链数学预测值
Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202434
Shabbir Ahmad, M. A. Malik, Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Azeem
Cyclooctane group is a significant kind of cycloalkane in the field of computing chemistry. These compounds are considered macro cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The intriguing properties and conformational behaviors of Cyclooctane have led to their extensive utilization across various uses in both the alchemical and organic production. In our research, we explore the constructional attributes of Cyclooctane group by examining their primary graph framework. We take into account the unsystematically group with various possibilities and proceed to calculate the mathematical expectation structural value of a particular structure specific to Cyclooctane. These descriptors are derived from a partition based on atom degrees and a more detailed partition called sum-degree partition. Furthermore, we conduct a comparative analysis encompassing various descriptors that are a part of our study. Additionally, we highlight distinctive categories of Cyclooctane chains that exhibit specific values within these descriptors.
在计算化学领域,环辛烷是一种重要的环烷。这些化合物被认为是大环芳烃。环辛烷的性质和构象行为十分有趣,因此在炼金和有机生产中被广泛应用。在我们的研究中,我们通过研究环辛烷基团的主图框架来探索其构造属性。我们将具有各种可能性的非系统组考虑在内,并着手计算环辛烷特定结构的数学期望结构值。这些描述符来自基于原子度的分区和称为总度分区的更详细分区。此外,我们还对研究中的各种描述符进行了比较分析。此外,我们还强调了在这些描述符中表现出特定值的环辛烷链的独特类别。
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引用次数: 0
A Brief Analysis of Alberti’s Art Theory - Taking On Painting” as an Example 阿尔贝蒂艺术理论浅析--以 "绘画 "为例
Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202436
Yutong Zhou
People’s perceptions of artists in Italy, particularly Florence, have transformed since the 15th century. Artists have created works of art that reflect the humanistic ethos of the era, which has fostered the study of art theory by humanist scholars and contributed to the development of an art historical consciousness. In his artistic theory, the Italian humanist Alberti of the early 15th century reflected the new development of Florentine art. Alberti, an artist and theorist of the early Renaissance, examined the changes in artistic creation in the new era with a very avant-garde and contemporary perspective, and applied scientific theoretical knowledge to painting creation as a premise for studying painting art techniques. His influential treatise “On Painting” is regarded as the first systematic painting theory work in the West, establishing the groundwork for Renaissance art theory. His description of the sublime nature of painting elevated painting’s status and reputation as an art form. It is also advantageous to facilitate the transition of painters from painters to artists. This article is founded on the theoretical content proposed in Alberti’s “On Painting” art theory work, analyzing the painting concepts proposed by Alberti and its governing function in Renaissance art.
自 15 世纪以来,人们对意大利尤其是佛罗伦萨艺术家的看法发生了转变。艺术家们创作的艺术作品反映了那个时代的人文精神,促进了人文学者对艺术理论的研究,推动了艺术史意识的发展。15 世纪初的意大利人文主义者阿尔贝蒂在其艺术理论中反映了佛罗伦萨艺术的新发展。阿尔贝蒂是文艺复兴早期的艺术家和理论家,他以极具前卫性和时代性的视角审视了新时代艺术创作的变化,并将科学的理论知识运用到绘画创作中,作为研究绘画艺术技巧的前提。他影响深远的论文《论绘画》被誉为西方第一部系统的绘画理论著作,为文艺复兴时期的艺术理论奠定了基础。他对绘画崇高性的描述提升了绘画作为一种艺术形式的地位和声誉。这也有利于促进画家从画家向艺术家的转变。本文以阿尔贝蒂《论绘画》艺术理论著作中提出的理论内容为基础,分析阿尔贝蒂提出的绘画观念及其在文艺复兴艺术中的支配作用。
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引用次数: 0
Discuss the Following Statement: ‘Fans’ Creativity is Valuable to The Media and Cultural Industry 讨论以下声明:"粉丝的创造力对媒体和文化产业很有价值
Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202433
Xi Cheng
This article explores the growing impact of fan culture on the media and cultural sectors of East Asia, with a specific emphasis on China, Japan, and South Korea. The initial step is differentiating between the concepts of 'idols' and 'stars', whereby idols are positioned as a distinct subcategory within the entertainment sector. These individuals are frequently cultivated through talent competitions or prominent entertainment conglomerates. This study examines the economic viability and artistic contributions of fans within the entertainment and arts industries, with a particular focus on their involvement in the "fan economy". This article examines the manner in which fans participate in symbolic consumption, social identity construction, and the creation of fan-generated content, thereby making substantial contributions to the achievements of their heroes and affiliated enterprises. Furthermore, the research delves into the ethical and legal complexities inherent in fan cultures, specifically focusing on issues related to the infringement of intellectual property rights. The results indicate that individuals in East Asia who are fans of certain media are not passive observers, but rather engage actively in influencing the media and cultural environments through their emotional commitments and creative manifestations. This change highlights the imperative for media and cultural businesses to acknowledge and utilize the potential of fans' creativity in order to achieve long-term growth and foster innovation. The paper finishes by emphasizing the significance of maintaining a delicate equilibrium between regulatory measures and cultural sensitivities in order to fully use the potential of the fan economy.
本文以中国、日本和韩国为重点,探讨粉丝文化对东亚媒体和文化领域日益增长的影响。首先要区分 "偶像 "和 "明星 "这两个概念,偶像被定位为娱乐业中一个独特的子类别。这些人通常是通过选秀比赛或知名娱乐集团培养出来的。本研究探讨了粉丝在娱乐和艺术产业中的经济可行性和艺术贡献,尤其关注他们参与 "粉丝经济 "的情况。本文探讨了粉丝参与符号消费、社会身份建构和粉丝生成内容创作的方式,从而为其偶像和附属企业的成就做出了实质性贡献。此外,研究还深入探讨了粉丝文化内在的道德和法律复杂性,特别关注与侵犯知识产权相关的问题。研究结果表明,东亚地区某些媒体的粉丝并不是被动的旁观者,而是通过他们的情感投入和创造性表现,积极参与影响媒体和文化环境。这一变化突出表明,媒体和文化企业必须承认并利用粉丝的创造潜力,以实现长期发展和促进创新。最后,本文强调了在监管措施和文化敏感性之间保持微妙平衡的重要性,以便充分利用粉丝经济的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Beijing as a Case Study of Educational Inequalities and Class-Induced Middle-Classization of School Districts 以北京为例研究教育不平等和学区中产阶级化问题
Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.31181/jscda21202416
Hongyu Liu, Jing Qiao
The negative impacts of class inequality on educational equity in terms of gender, regional development, economic capital, and cultural resources have gradually become a major social problem in China, but so far, relatively little academic attention has been paid to regional educational inequality. Therefore, this paper takes Beijing as a case city and adopts a questionnaire survey form that can reflect the real education gap in the class inequality situation to carry out a study on the generation mechanism and risk hazards of regional education inequality in Beijing. Comprehensive data from government reports, real estate markets, questionnaires, and other sources show that economic development, cultural background, and geographical location are the main causes of regional educational inequality in Beijing.
阶层不平等在性别、区域发展、经济资本、文化资源等方面对教育公平的负面影响已逐渐成为中国的一大社会问题,但迄今为止,学术界对区域教育不平等的关注相对较少。因此,本文以北京市为例,采用能够真实反映阶层不平等状况下教育差距的问卷调查形式,对北京市区域教育不平等的产生机制和风险隐患进行研究。综合政府报告、房地产市场、问卷调查等数据显示,经济发展、文化背景、地理位置是北京地区教育不平等的主要原因。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Soft Computing and Decision Analytics
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