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2008 Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks最新文献

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A New Collision Resolution Mechanism for IEEE 802.11 WLAN 一种新的IEEE 802.11 WLAN冲突解决机制
Qifei Zhang, Baolin Sun, Chao Gui, Changjun Zeng
Backoff algorithms in traditional distributed contention-based MAC protocols concentrate on adjusting contention window size to resolve collision. However, collision may still occur as long as these windows intersect with each other. In order to solve this problem, we put forward a collision classification model to classify collisions into cross collision and intra collision and suggest to solve them with different manners. Based on this model, we propose collision classification resolution (CCR) algorithm to dynamically allocate discrete distribution windows for collided nodes to avoid cross collision, and the intra collision is resolved with an appropriate distribution window size to achieve a tradeoff between delay and collision probability. The extensive simulations performed demonstrate that compared to IEEE 802.11 DCF, CCR algorithm consistently excels, in terms of collision times, throughput, delay and fairness.
传统的基于争用的分布式MAC协议中的退退算法主要是通过调整争用窗口大小来解决冲突。然而,只要这些窗口彼此相交,碰撞仍然可能发生。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种碰撞分类模型,将碰撞分为交叉碰撞和内部碰撞,并提出了不同的解决方法。在此模型的基础上,提出了碰撞分类解决(CCR)算法,为碰撞节点动态分配离散分布窗口以避免交叉碰撞,并利用适当的分布窗口大小来解决内部碰撞,实现延迟和碰撞概率之间的权衡。大量的仿真结果表明,与IEEE 802.11 DCF相比,CCR算法在冲突时间、吞吐量、延迟和公平性方面始终优于IEEE 802.11 DCF。
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引用次数: 2
An Efficient and Scalable Pattern Matching Scheme for Network Security Applications 一种用于网络安全应用的高效可扩展模式匹配方案
Tsern-Huei Lee, Nai-Lun Huang
Because of its accuracy, pattern matching technique has recently been applied to Internet security applications such as intrusion detection/prevention, anti-virus, and anti-malware. Among various famous pattern matching algorithms, the Aho-Corasick (AC) can match multiple pattern strings simultaneously with worst-case performance guarantee and is adopted in both Clam antivirus (ClamAV) and Snort intrusion detection open sources. The AC algorithm is based on finite automaton which can be implemented straightforwardly with a two-dimensional state transition table. However, the memory requirement prohibits such an implementation when the total length of the pattern strings is large. The ClamAV implementation limits the depth of the finite automaton and combines with linked lists to reduce memory requirement. The banded-row format is adopted to compress the state transition table and used as an alternative pattern matching machine in Snort. In this paper we present a novel implementation which requires small memory space and achieves high throughput performance. Compared with the banded-row format, our proposed scheme achieves 39.7% reduction in memory requirement for 5,000 patterns randomly selected from ClamAV signatures. Besides, the processing time of our proposed scheme is, on the average, 83.9% of that of the banded-row format for scanning various types of files. Compared with the ClamAV implementation with the same 5,000 patterns and files, our proposed scheme requires slightly more memory space but achieves 80.6% reduction in processing time on the average.
由于其准确性,模式匹配技术最近被应用于入侵检测/防御、反病毒和反恶意软件等互联网安全应用中。在众多著名的模式匹配算法中,AC (Aho-Corasick)算法可以同时匹配多个模式字符串,并保证最坏情况下的性能,在Clam antivirus (ClamAV)和Snort入侵检测开源中都采用了AC算法。AC算法基于有限自动机,可以用二维状态转移表直接实现。但是,当模式字符串的总长度很大时,内存需求禁止这样的实现。ClamAV实现限制了有限自动机的深度,并结合链表来减少内存需求。采用带行格式压缩状态转移表,并在Snort中用作备选模式匹配机。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的实现方法,它只需要很小的内存空间,并且可以实现高吞吐量的性能。与带行格式相比,我们提出的方案从ClamAV签名中随机选择5000个模式,内存需求减少了39.7%。此外,在扫描各类文件时,我们提出的方案的平均处理时间是带行格式的83.9%。与具有相同5000个模式和文件的ClamAV实现相比,我们提出的方案需要更多的内存空间,但平均减少了80.6%的处理时间。
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引用次数: 5
Flexible Classification on Heterogenous Multicore Appliance Platforms 异构多核设备平台上的灵活分类
Priyanka Tembey, Anish Bhatt, Subramanya R. Dulloor, Ada Gavrilovska, K. Schwan
Emerging heterogeneous multicore systems are suitable platforms for efficient deployment of application- specific service components. Easily virtualizable and reprogrammable platforms, these 'appliances' for future information services make it possible to run familiar software stacks created with common development tools, in addition to offering acceleration capabilities for performance critical software components. Of particular importance are the efficient and scalable execution of the content-based services prevalent in future Internet applications, including flexible methods for data classification and forwarding. This paper provides a brief description of representative platform hardware and software components. It then describes in more detail the feasibility of supporting a range of flexible and reconfigurable application-specific classification operations necessary for future Internet applications.
新兴的异构多核系统是高效部署特定于应用程序的服务组件的合适平台。这些面向未来信息服务的“设备”可以轻松地实现虚拟化和可重新编程,除了为性能关键的软件组件提供加速功能外,还可以运行用通用开发工具创建的熟悉的软件堆栈。特别重要的是在未来的Internet应用程序中流行的基于内容的服务的高效和可伸缩的执行,包括数据分类和转发的灵活方法。本文简要介绍了具有代表性的平台硬件和软件组成。然后更详细地描述了支持未来Internet应用程序所必需的一系列灵活的、可重构的特定于应用程序的分类操作的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
An Empirical Energy Model for Supercapacitor Powered Wireless Sensor Nodes 超级电容供电无线传感器节点的经验能量模型
G. Merrett, A. Weddell, A. Lewis, N. Harris, B. Al-Hashimi, N. White
The modeling of energy components in wireless sensor network (WSN) simulation is important for obtaining realistic lifetime predictions and ensuring the faithful operation of energy-aware algorithms. The use of supercapacitors as energy stores on WSN nodes is increasing, but their behavior differs from that of batteries. This paper proposes a model for a supercapacitor energy store based upon experimental results, and compares obtained simulation results to those using an 'ideal' energy store model. The proposed model also considers the variety and behavior of energy consumers, and finds that contrary to many existing models, the energy consumed depends on the store voltage (which varies considerably during supercapacitor discharge). Furthermore, energy models in a node's embedded firmware are shown to be paramount for providing energy-aware operation.
无线传感器网络仿真中能量分量的建模对于获得真实的寿命预测和保证能量感知算法的忠实运行具有重要意义。在无线传感器网络节点上,超级电容器作为能量存储的应用越来越多,但其性能与电池不同。本文基于实验结果提出了一个超级电容器储能模型,并将仿真结果与“理想”储能模型进行了比较。所提出的模型还考虑了能源消费者的多样性和行为,并发现与许多现有模型相反,所消耗的能量取决于存储电压(在超级电容器放电期间变化很大)。此外,节点的嵌入式固件中的能量模型对于提供能量感知操作至关重要。
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引用次数: 49
A Light Weight Method for Maintaining Clock Synchronization for Networked Systems 一种维护网络系统时钟同步的轻量级方法
D. Salyers, A. Striegel, C. Poellabauer
Maintaining synchronization of clocks between wireless systems is a well known problem of which significant research has been performed. This has lead to a variety of methods introduced to maintain clock synchronization. Typically, works are heavy weight in that they require constant communication between systems in order to maintain clock synchronization on the order of microseconds. Unfortunately, for many applications the cost of constant communication to ensure clock synchronization is neither desirable nor acceptable. Additionally, for applications such as link state routing, delay measurements and quality of service measurements, clock synchronization on the order of microseconds is not necessary, and synchronization on the order of milliseconds is sufficient. Thus, in this work we present a light weight technique for correcting for clock drift between systems that will allow for millisecond accuracy during long periods of time while requiring no special hardware nor constant communication between systems. Experimental studies of the measured delay between two systems are performed, showing that with a training period, clocks can remained synchronized within a few milliseconds over long periods of time.
保持无线系统之间的时钟同步是一个众所周知的问题,已经进行了重要的研究。这导致引入了各种方法来维护时钟同步。通常,工作是很重要的,因为它们需要在系统之间进行持续的通信,以保持微秒级的时钟同步。不幸的是,对于许多应用程序来说,确保时钟同步的持续通信成本既不可取,也不可接受。此外,对于链路状态路由、延迟测量和服务质量测量等应用,不需要微秒级的时钟同步,毫秒级的同步就足够了。因此,在这项工作中,我们提出了一种轻量级技术,用于校正系统之间的时钟漂移,该技术将允许在长时间内实现毫秒级精度,同时不需要特殊的硬件,也不需要系统之间的持续通信。对两个系统之间测量到的延迟进行了实验研究,结果表明,在一个训练周期内,时钟可以在很长一段时间内保持几毫秒的同步。
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引用次数: 3
A Comparative Study of Path Level Traffic Grooming Strategies for WDM Optical Networks with Dynamic Traffic - Invited Paper WDM光网络路径级业务量疏导策略与动态业务量的比较研究[j]
Srivatsan Balasubramanian, Arun Kumar Somani
Traffic grooming continues to be a rich area of research in WDM optical networks. In this paper, we identify four kinds of path level traffic aggregation/grooming strategies - point to point (P2P), point to multi-point (P2MP), multi-point to point (MP2P), and multi-point to multi-point (MP2MP). We develop an auxiliary graph based approach as a generic network dimensioning solution for these architectures. Using our model, we compare the performance of various architectures employing path level aggregation in both single hop and multi-hop scenarios. For the studied scenarios, we observe the following - (1) MP2MP outperforms other architectures by multiple orders of magnitude in single hop networks, (2) P2P performs the best in multi-hop transceiver constrained scenarios, and (3) P2MP performs the best in multi-hop wavelength constrained scenarios.
流量疏导一直是WDM光网络研究的一个丰富领域。在本文中,我们确定了四种路径级流量聚合/疏导策略——点对点(P2P)、点对多点(P2MP)、多点对点(MP2P)和多点对多点(MP2MP)。我们开发了一种辅助的基于图的方法,作为这些体系结构的通用网络维度解决方案。使用我们的模型,我们比较了在单跳和多跳场景中采用路径级聚合的各种架构的性能。对于研究的场景,我们观察到以下几点- (1)MP2MP在单跳网络中表现优于其他架构多个数量级,(2)P2P在多跳收发器约束场景中表现最佳,(3)P2MP在多跳波长约束场景中表现最佳。
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引用次数: 5
Managing Traffic Growth in Telecom Mesh Networks (Invited Paper) 管理电信网状网络的流量增长(特邀论文)
R. Roy, B. Mukherjee
Telecom mesh networks require periodic upgrades to support increasing traffic. Such upgrades, which are known as network engineering (NE), determine the network resources that must be provided to meet the network performance while minimizing the network cost. To handle traffic growth, we introduce a new parameter namely network-cut exhaustion probability. We develop a method to calculate this parameter and evaluate specific upgrade requirements of telecom mesh network.
电信网状网络需要定期升级以支持不断增长的流量。这些升级被称为网元(network engineering, NE),它决定了在满足网络性能的同时,必须提供哪些网络资源,从而使网络成本最小化。为了处理流量的增长,我们引入了一个新的参数,即网络切断耗尽概率。提出了一种计算该参数的方法,并对电信网状网络的具体升级要求进行了评估。
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引用次数: 6
LocSens - An Indoor Location Tracking System using Wireless Sensors LocSens -使用无线传感器的室内位置跟踪系统
F. Bagci, Florian Kluge, N. Bagherzadeh, T. Ungerer
Ubiquitous and pervasive computing envisions context-aware systems that gather real world information from many fixed and mobile microchips and sensors integrated in everyday objects. To provide valuable services, it is necessary to estimate the location of users or objects. Outdoor location tracking is achieved by Global Positioning System (GPS), but due to its poor indoor coverage, there is a need for alternative technologies in buildings. Since multiple wireless sensors may be situated in the environment, they can be used for location estimation and tracking. This paper presents LocSens, a cost-effective location tracking system based on sensor nodes with wireless connectivity. LocSens works with a minimum number of sensor nodes. It is established and tested in a real indoor scenario over multiple rooms. This paper describes results of several location estimation algorithms and experiences with tracking of moving objects.
无处不在和普适计算设想的情景感知系统,从集成在日常物品中的许多固定和移动微芯片和传感器收集真实世界的信息。为了提供有价值的服务,有必要对用户或物体的位置进行估计。室外位置跟踪是通过全球定位系统(GPS)实现的,但由于其室内覆盖范围较差,因此需要在建筑物中使用替代技术。由于环境中可能有多个无线传感器,因此它们可用于位置估计和跟踪。LocSens是一种基于传感器节点的具有无线连接的低成本位置跟踪系统。LocSens使用最少数量的传感器节点。它是在多个房间的真实室内场景中建立和测试的。本文介绍了几种位置估计算法的结果和运动目标跟踪的经验。
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引用次数: 7
Logical Topology Design for IP-over-WDM Networks: A Hybrid Approach for Minimum Protection Capacity IP-over-WDM网络的逻辑拓扑设计:最小保护容量的混合方法
Muhammad S. Javed, K. Thulasiraman, G. Xue
The problem of designing high capacity and high bit rate IP-over-WDM networks, which can provide uninterrupted service in the presence of network equipment failures, continues to attract significant interest from the research community. An IP-over-WDM network implements Internet Protocol (IP) directly over physical WDM network by establishing lightpaths using IP routers, optical crossconnects (OXC) and optical fibers. Generally an optical fiber carries several lightpaths and all of them get disconnected, if the fiber carrying them fails. Such failures can quickly impact the performance of the entire network. If IP routers can find paths to all the nodes in the network, then the network can continue to provide service without significant performance degradation. This can be achieved by reserving network resources (protection) or provisioning the network with some additional capacity (restoration). Such networks are usually called survivable networks. In this paper, we propose four algorithms based on SMART framework proposed by Kurant and Thiran, and a hybrid approach by Shenai and Sivalingam. The algorithms use a combination of protection and restoration mechanisms to make IP-over-WDM networks survivable such that the protection capacity required is not significant.
设计高容量和高比特率的IP-over-WDM网络,使其能够在网络设备出现故障的情况下提供不间断的服务,这一问题一直引起研究界的极大兴趣。IP-over-WDM网络通过使用IP路由器、光交叉连接(OXC)和光纤建立光路,直接在物理WDM网络上实现IP (Internet Protocol)。一般来说,一根光纤携带几个光路,如果携带它们的光纤发生故障,所有的光路都会断开。这种故障会迅速影响整个网络的性能。如果IP路由器可以找到网络中所有节点的路径,那么网络就可以继续提供服务,而不会出现明显的性能下降。这可以通过保留网络资源(保护)或为网络提供一些额外的容量(恢复)来实现。这样的网络通常被称为生存网络。在本文中,我们基于Kurant和Thiran提出的SMART框架以及Shenai和Sivalingam提出的混合方法提出了四种算法。该算法使用保护和恢复机制的组合,使IP-over-WDM网络能够生存,从而所需的保护能力并不显著。
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引用次数: 6
Resource Management Schemes for Multiple Traffic in Integrated Heterogeneous Wireless and Mobile Networks 异构无线和移动综合网络中多种流量的资源管理方案
Wei Shen, Qing-An Zeng
In order to provide more comprehensive services, a concept of integrated heterogeneous wireless and mobile network (IHWMN) is introduced by combing different types of wireless and mobile networks (WMNs). However, it imposes great challenges such as resource management schemes to support multiple traffic in IHWMNs. In this paper, we propose two resource management schemes for IHWMNs. The first scheme is called traffic-based resource management scheme (TRMS) which allocates the resource based on traffic type, call type, bandwidth availability, and bandwidth provision. In the second scheme which is called Q-learning-based resource management scheme (QRMS), the resource management scheme is formulated as a Markov decision process (MDP) and Q-learning approach is applied to conduct the resource allocation. The system performance of both proposed schemes are evaluated and compared by using extensive simulations.
为了提供更全面的业务,将不同类型的无线移动网络(wmn)进行梳理,提出了综合异构无线移动网络(IHWMN)的概念。但是,在IHWMNs中支持多流量的资源管理方案等方面提出了很大的挑战。本文提出了两种IHWMNs资源管理方案。第一种方案称为基于业务的资源管理方案(TRMS),它根据业务类型、呼叫类型、带宽可用性和带宽供应来分配资源。第二种方案是基于Q-learning的资源管理方案(QRMS),将资源管理方案制定为马尔可夫决策过程(MDP),并采用Q-learning方法进行资源分配。通过大量的仿真,对两种方案的系统性能进行了评价和比较。
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引用次数: 20
期刊
2008 Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks
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