Present Generation Youth are technology savvy than knowledge savvy. Technology has become an important part of human life especially among youth. It is widely accepted fact that youth use more technologies than other age group people. The Government of India launched digital India Campaign to provide Government services electronically by improving online infrastructure and with the objective of achieving digital empowerment in the country. As urban areas youth have easy access to technology, internet connection, they can get the benefits of digitalisation. In India nearly 66% of the population is residing in rural areas. Still today some rural areas are facing the problem of lack of access to information technology, lack of awareness, poor internet connection, lack of digital literacy etc. The aim of Government will be successful, if people in rural areas will start to use and gain benefits of the digital services. Thus, this research paper seeks to analyse the awareness level and impact of digitalisation among rural youth of Vijayapura District.
{"title":"IMPACT OF DIGITALISATION AMONG THE RURAL YOUTH- A STUDY WITH VIJAYAPURA DISTRICT","authors":"Dr Suresha K.P","doi":"10.36713/epra13872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra13872","url":null,"abstract":"Present Generation Youth are technology savvy than knowledge savvy. Technology has become an important part of human life especially among youth. It is widely accepted fact that youth use more technologies than other age group people. The Government of India launched digital India Campaign to provide Government services electronically by improving online infrastructure and with the objective of achieving digital empowerment in the country. As urban areas youth have easy access to technology, internet connection, they can get the benefits of digitalisation. In India nearly 66% of the population is residing in rural areas. Still today some rural areas are facing the problem of lack of access to information technology, lack of awareness, poor internet connection, lack of digital literacy etc. The aim of Government will be successful, if people in rural areas will start to use and gain benefits of the digital services. Thus, this research paper seeks to analyse the awareness level and impact of digitalisation among rural youth of Vijayapura District.","PeriodicalId":314081,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Southern Economic Light","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123226518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Development Criminology is an interdisciplinary field that seeks to understand the relationship between crime and social progress. It explores how social, economic, political, and cultural factors contribute to criminal behaviour and how crime, in turn, affects the development of societies. This paper provides a detailed overview of Development Criminology, discussing its historical context, theoretical foundations, key concepts, research methodologies, and practical implications for crime prevention and policy development. By understanding the complexities of crime and its connections to social development, policymakers and practitioners can design more effective strategies to create safer, more equitable communities. KEYWORDS: Development Criminology; Sociological Aspects of Crime; Crime; Theory of Crime
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT CRIMINOLOGY: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF CRIME AND SOCIAL PROGRESS","authors":"Suresh Javvaji","doi":"10.36713/epra13885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra13885","url":null,"abstract":"Development Criminology is an interdisciplinary field that seeks to understand the relationship between crime and social progress. It explores how social, economic, political, and cultural factors contribute to criminal behaviour and how crime, in turn, affects the development of societies. This paper provides a detailed overview of Development Criminology, discussing its historical context, theoretical foundations, key concepts, research methodologies, and practical implications for crime prevention and policy development. By understanding the complexities of crime and its connections to social development, policymakers and practitioners can design more effective strategies to create safer, more equitable communities.\u0000KEYWORDS: Development Criminology; Sociological Aspects of Crime; Crime; Theory of Crime","PeriodicalId":314081,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Southern Economic Light","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124877747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kimathi Samson Murithi, Prof Evangeline Gichunge, Dr. Vivian Cherono
The use of motorcycles as an alternative to traditional transportation methods and as a progression from two-wheeled bicycles without motors has increased throughout Africa. Following the governments 2007 decision to zero-rate motorbikes with engines less than 150cc, Kenyas motorcycle taxi business has experienced tremendous growth. The operations of the motorcycle taxi business in the country are characterized by a very high rate of fatal accidents and deaths resulting from road traffic accidents and litigations hence raising questions on the sustainability of the motorcycle taxi business. The study adopted the descriptive research design. Using the systematic random selection method, a sample of 249 motorcycle taxi drivers from a population in Nairobi County was chosen. The study employed primary data that was collected through questionnaires given to motorcycle taxi drivers. A pilot study was carried out to evaluate the validity and reliability of the research tools. To determine the current links between the variables under investigation and the data shown in tables, graphs, and charts, a Multiple Linear Regression analysis was performed. The findings of the study revealed that business support services had a significant influence on the sustainability of Motorcycle Taxi Businesses in Nairobi County. It was recommended that: The government should avail business support services to the motorcycle taxi operators to improve the growth and sustainability of business in the sector and offer subsidies to those who want to engage in the motorcycle taxi business and put strict regulations to control the provision of these services. KEYWORDS: motorcycle taxi business, business support services; sustainable business
{"title":"EFFECT OF BUSINESS SUPPORT SERVICES ON SUSTAINABILITY OF MOTORCYCLE BUSINESS IN NAIROBI COUNTY","authors":"Kimathi Samson Murithi, Prof Evangeline Gichunge, Dr. Vivian Cherono","doi":"10.36713/epra11259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra11259","url":null,"abstract":"The use of motorcycles as an alternative to traditional transportation methods and as a progression from two-wheeled bicycles without motors has increased throughout Africa. Following the governments 2007 decision to zero-rate motorbikes with engines less than 150cc, Kenyas motorcycle taxi business has experienced tremendous growth. The operations of the motorcycle taxi business in the country are characterized by a very high rate of fatal accidents and deaths resulting from road traffic accidents and litigations hence raising questions on the sustainability of the motorcycle taxi business. The study adopted the descriptive research design. Using the systematic random selection method, a sample of 249 motorcycle taxi drivers from a population in Nairobi County was chosen. The study employed primary data that was collected through questionnaires given to motorcycle taxi drivers. A pilot study was carried out to evaluate the validity and reliability of the research tools. To determine the current links between the variables under investigation and the data shown in tables, graphs, and charts, a Multiple Linear Regression analysis was performed. The findings of the study revealed that business support services had a significant influence on the sustainability of Motorcycle Taxi Businesses in Nairobi County. It was recommended that: The government should avail business support services to the motorcycle taxi operators to improve the growth and sustainability of business in the sector and offer subsidies to those who want to engage in the motorcycle taxi business and put strict regulations to control the provision of these services. \u0000KEYWORDS: motorcycle taxi business, business support services; sustainable business","PeriodicalId":314081,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Southern Economic Light","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114328800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The debate of the link between xenophobia and importance of foreign direct investment is of interest. A phrase says it all, “One cannot want foreign money and hate foreign businesses at the same time.” Does South Africa, as a country, love foreign investment, and by extension, foreign investors? A ‘yes’ and a ‘no’ answer will do for this question. Foreign direct investments are the most desirable form of capital inflows to emerging and developing countries. Many benefits are linked to accrue to a nation because of FDI inflows. FDI is climatic sensitive, and usually goes where it is wanted most and where conducive environment prevails. The South African nation is dominated by unending violence that also targets foreigners including their businesses. Effective policies to curb xenophobia seems to be lacking. There exist xenophobia denialism among the political leaders, making it more difficult to halt the problem. Letting the nation continue turning into a hostile destination for foreigners may pose a great investment challenge in the longer term. The path that South Africa is walking today, of protecting and failing to address issues of xenophobia, have a long term impact to investment in the country. Conflicts and violence attacks, hence xenophobia, continue to affect FDI flows several years into the future. The trend of net FDI has already shown a downward trend that may be attributed to issues of unrest persistent in the economy. The study strongly indicate that repetitive xenophobic attacks significantly impact future FDI inflows negatively. Immediate action is required to minimize the damage caused by xenophobia in the country. Investment climate restoration is required to ensure favorable economic growth path for the country. KEYWORDS: Economic Growth, Foreigners, Foreign Direct Investment, Instability, Investment, Investment Climate, Socio-economic Development, Violence, Xenophobia, South Africa
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF REPETITIVE XENOPHOBIC ATTACKS ON FUTURE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: A CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA","authors":"Wellington Garikai Bonga","doi":"10.36713/epra7943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra7943","url":null,"abstract":"The debate of the link between xenophobia and importance of foreign direct investment is of interest. A phrase says it all, “One cannot want foreign money and hate foreign businesses at the same time.” Does South Africa, as a country, love foreign investment, and by extension, foreign investors? A ‘yes’ and a ‘no’ answer will do for this question. Foreign direct investments are the most desirable form of capital inflows to emerging and developing countries. Many benefits are linked to accrue to a nation because of FDI inflows. FDI is climatic sensitive, and usually goes where it is wanted most and where conducive environment prevails. The South African nation is dominated by unending violence that also targets foreigners including their businesses. Effective policies to curb xenophobia seems to be lacking. There exist xenophobia denialism among the political leaders, making it more difficult to halt the problem. Letting the nation continue turning into a hostile destination for foreigners may pose a great investment challenge in the longer term. The path that South Africa is walking today, of protecting and failing to address issues of xenophobia, have a long term impact to investment in the country. Conflicts and violence attacks, hence xenophobia, continue to affect FDI flows several years into the future. The trend of net FDI has already shown a downward trend that may be attributed to issues of unrest persistent in the economy. The study strongly indicate that repetitive xenophobic attacks significantly impact future FDI inflows negatively. Immediate action is required to minimize the damage caused by xenophobia in the country. Investment climate restoration is required to ensure favorable economic growth path for the country.\u0000KEYWORDS: Economic Growth, Foreigners, Foreign Direct Investment, Instability, Investment, Investment Climate, Socio-economic Development, Violence, Xenophobia, South Africa","PeriodicalId":314081,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Southern Economic Light","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115861524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study examines that the sectorial inequalities in access of bare necessities to the people by the Bare Necessitates Index (BNI) of Sangli district at the tehsil level along with the sector. This is an innovative study for the Sangli district and it covered all ten tehsils along with sectorial i.e., rural and urban to the grassroots level analysis of BNI. The estimation of the Bare Necessitates Index (BNI) of the Sangli district is based on Census 2011 data. Main observations of this study, the BNI of Shirala and Walwa total, rural and urban has a high category, it all indicates that the better access of basic/bare necessities to total, rural and urban people. Overall estimation of Bare Necessities Index (BNI) of Sangli district total, rural as well as urban has a very low category. It treated access of bare necessities to total, rural as well as urban people are very low in Sangli district. Sectoral analysis of BNI indicates that the access of bare necessities to rural people is very low than urban people in Sangli district.
{"title":"ACCESS OF BARE NECESSITIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SANGLI DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA","authors":"Nanaware Dada Ramdas, Kumbhar Ajay Dattu","doi":"10.36713/EPRA7520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/EPRA7520","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examines that the sectorial inequalities in access of bare necessities to the people by the Bare Necessitates Index (BNI) of Sangli district at the tehsil level along with the sector. This is an innovative study for the Sangli district and it covered all ten tehsils along with sectorial i.e., rural and urban to the grassroots level analysis of BNI. The estimation of the Bare Necessitates Index (BNI) of the Sangli district is based on Census 2011 data. Main observations of this study, the BNI of Shirala and Walwa total, rural and urban has a high category, it all indicates that the better access of basic/bare necessities to total, rural and urban people. Overall estimation of Bare Necessities Index (BNI) of Sangli district total, rural as well as urban has a very low category. It treated access of bare necessities to total, rural as well as urban people are very low in Sangli district. Sectoral analysis of BNI indicates that the access of bare necessities to rural people is very low than urban people in Sangli district.","PeriodicalId":314081,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Southern Economic Light","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121191560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India is a federation whose roots can be found in the colonial period. Indian federal setup is clearly divided between centre, state and local government and likewise, the sources of revenue and responsibilities are also divided between them. The decentralization process in India is asymmetrical in the sense that decentralization of expenditure has been much more than the revenue decentralization as provided by the Constitution, thereby creating an imbalance in states’ income and spending. When this mismatch between the two is measured at different levels of government, we call it Vertical Fiscal Imbalance. In this paper, I have presented various definitions and measures of VFI given by several economists over the years and tried to measure the extent of VFI that exist in India since 1990-91 to 2014-15. We have used twenty five years data to make an analysis based on the data available in Finance Commission reports and Indian Public Finance Statistics. Our results show that the amount of revenue that has been decentralized over the period of study falls much short of the expenditure requirements that are expected to be met by the state governments. The situation is so intense that the state governments are left with no option other than relying on central transfers for financing their needs and that where the central government enjoys an upper hand and an authoritative power over the internal matters of the states. KEYWORDS: Expenditure, Decentralization, Indian federation, Revenue, Vertical Fiscal Imbalance.
{"title":"VERTICAL FISCAL IMBALANCES IN INDIA:\u0000CONCEPT AND MEASUREMENT","authors":"Aditi Agrawal","doi":"10.36713/epra2660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36713/epra2660","url":null,"abstract":"India is a federation whose roots can be found in the colonial period. Indian federal setup is clearly divided between centre,\u0000state and local government and likewise, the sources of revenue and responsibilities are also divided between them. The\u0000decentralization process in India is asymmetrical in the sense that decentralization of expenditure has been much more\u0000than the revenue decentralization as provided by the Constitution, thereby creating an imbalance in states’ income and\u0000spending. When this mismatch between the two is measured at different levels of government, we call it Vertical Fiscal\u0000Imbalance. In this paper, I have presented various definitions and measures of VFI given by several economists over the\u0000years and tried to measure the extent of VFI that exist in India since 1990-91 to 2014-15. We have used twenty five years data\u0000to make an analysis based on the data available in Finance Commission reports and Indian Public Finance Statistics. Our\u0000results show that the amount of revenue that has been decentralized over the period of study falls much short of the\u0000expenditure requirements that are expected to be met by the state governments. The situation is so intense that the state\u0000governments are left with no option other than relying on central transfers for financing their needs and that where the\u0000central government enjoys an upper hand and an authoritative power over the internal matters of the states.\u0000KEYWORDS: Expenditure, Decentralization, Indian federation, Revenue, Vertical Fiscal Imbalance.","PeriodicalId":314081,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Southern Economic Light","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132278418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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