Pub Date : 2015-03-15DOI: 10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.45335
سمانه محمدی, مجید عزیزی
In this research, the effect of foliar spraying times and different levels of Farmax® nano fertilizer on morphological characteristic and dry and fresh flower yield, essential oil and chamazulene percentage of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) CV. Bodegold was studied. The experiment was factorial in the bacic of randomized complete blocked design (RCBD) with eight treatment and four replications. The treatments included four amounts of nano fertilizer (0, 1, 3 and 5mll) as first factor and two foliar spraying times (tiller stage and 2 after weeks) as second factor. The results indicated that foliar spraying time had a significant effect on plant height, numbers of tiller, total fresh weight plant and dry flower yield. Different of levels Farmax® nano fertilizer had significant effect on majority characteristic. The interaction effect had significant effect on height plant and root and dry flower yield. So, maximum height plant (103.5cm) and dry flower yield (174.38g/m2) were obtained at 2 foliar spraying times and 3ml/l nano fertilizer concentration and maximum height root was obtained at one foliar spraying times and 5 ml/l nano fertilizer concentration, but 2 foliar spraying times and 3ml/l nano fertilizer concentration treatment to be increased on the most of the characteristic especially essential oil percent (0.753 weight percent) but do not have effect significant. The total results showed that 2 foliar sparing times and 3 ml/l nano fertilizer concentration was the best of treatment.
{"title":"بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف و دفعات محلولپاشی نانوکود فارمکس بر رشد و نمو و مواد مؤثره بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria recutita L.)","authors":"سمانه محمدی, مجید عزیزی","doi":"10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.45335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/jhorts4.v0i0.45335","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the effect of foliar spraying times and different levels of Farmax® nano fertilizer on morphological characteristic and dry and fresh flower yield, essential oil and chamazulene percentage of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) CV. Bodegold was studied. The experiment was factorial in the bacic of randomized complete blocked design (RCBD) with eight treatment and four replications. The treatments included four amounts of nano fertilizer (0, 1, 3 and 5mll) as first factor and two foliar spraying times (tiller stage and 2 after weeks) as second factor. The results indicated that foliar spraying time had a significant effect on plant height, numbers of tiller, total fresh weight plant and dry flower yield. Different of levels Farmax® nano fertilizer had significant effect on majority characteristic. The interaction effect had significant effect on height plant and root and dry flower yield. So, maximum height plant (103.5cm) and dry flower yield (174.38g/m2) were obtained at 2 foliar spraying times and 3ml/l nano fertilizer concentration and maximum height root was obtained at one foliar spraying times and 5 ml/l nano fertilizer concentration, but 2 foliar spraying times and 3ml/l nano fertilizer concentration treatment to be increased on the most of the characteristic especially essential oil percent (0.753 weight percent) but do not have effect significant. The total results showed that 2 foliar sparing times and 3 ml/l nano fertilizer concentration was the best of treatment.","PeriodicalId":31463,"journal":{"name":"Majallahi Ulumi Baghbani","volume":"28 1","pages":"435-445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68593787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-07DOI: 10.22067/JHORTS4.V0I0.27389
A. Pirzad, R. Darvishzadeh, A. Hassani
Introduction: Cumin, sometimes spelled cummin (Cuminum cyminum L.; Apiaceae), also known as Zeera is native from the East Mediterranean to India. Its seeds are used in the cuisines of many different cultures, and it is also used as a medicinal plant, serving as a digestant, as well as being used to treat anemia and the common cold. Cumin is a drought tolerant plant, has a short growth season of 100 – 120 days, with optimum growth temperature ranges between 25°C and 30 °C. Drought is one of the most important environmental factors that influences seed yield of crop plants in arid and semi-arid regions,through physiological response of plant. To reduce drought stress damages, some synthetic materials like hydroplus superabsorbent polymers, highly hydrophilic due to low cross-links in their structure, can be used to save soil moisture. Thus, superabsorbent polymer may have great potential in restoration and reclamation of soil and storing water available for plant growth and production. Materials and Methods: To evaluate accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and seed yield of cumin, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at the Research Farm of Urmia University (latitude 37.53° N, 45.08° E, and 1320 m above sea level).- The soil texture of experimental site was clay loam (28% silt, 32% clay, 40% sand) with 22.5% field capacity, 1.54 g/cm3 soil density, and pH 7.6. Treatments were four irrigation regimes (irrigation after 50, 100, 150 and 200 mm of evaporation from class A pan) and different amounts of superabsorbent polymer (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg/ha). To measure the chlorophyll content (Chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll), 0.25 g of grounded leaves were adjusted to 25 ml by distilled water, and 0.5 ml of this solute was mixed with 4.5 ml acetone 80%. The upper zone of centrifuged solution was taken for spectrophotometery at 645nm and 663 nm wavelengths. To measure the yield of cumin seeds, 2 m2 of each plot was harvested and immediately were dried in the shade and at a temperature of 25 ° C. Essential oil, 25 g of powdered seeds in a one-liter flask, was extracted (W/W) by the Clevenger method (Hydro distillation) for 3 hours. Results and Discussion: Analysis of variance showed the significant interaction between the superabsorbent polymer and irrigation on the amount of leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, seed yield, percentage and yield of essential oil. This implies a different physiological response of cumin plant in terms of adding different amounts of superabsorbent and irrigation. Means comparison indicated that the highest concentration of chlorophyll a (0.266 mg/l) and total chlorophyll (0.518 mg/l) were obtained from plants irrigated after 50 mm of evaporation without polymer application. The maximum (0.259 mg/l) and minimum (0.028 mg/l) leaf chlorophyll b belonged to irrigation after 200 mm of evaporation using 60 and 240 kg/ha polymer, r
{"title":"Effect of Superabsorbent Application under Different Irrigation Regimes on Photosynthetic Pigments in Cuminum cyminum and its Relation with Seed and Essential Oil Yield","authors":"A. Pirzad, R. Darvishzadeh, A. Hassani","doi":"10.22067/JHORTS4.V0I0.27389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/JHORTS4.V0I0.27389","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cumin, sometimes spelled cummin (Cuminum cyminum L.; Apiaceae), also known as Zeera is native from the East Mediterranean to India. Its seeds are used in the cuisines of many different cultures, and it is also used as a medicinal plant, serving as a digestant, as well as being used to treat anemia and the common cold. Cumin is a drought tolerant plant, has a short growth season of 100 – 120 days, with optimum growth temperature ranges between 25°C and 30 °C. Drought is one of the most important environmental factors that influences seed yield of crop plants in arid and semi-arid regions,through physiological response of plant. To reduce drought stress damages, some synthetic materials like hydroplus superabsorbent polymers, highly hydrophilic due to low cross-links in their structure, can be used to save soil moisture. Thus, superabsorbent polymer may have great potential in restoration and reclamation of soil and storing water available for plant growth and production. \u0000Materials and Methods: To evaluate accumulation of photosynthetic pigments and seed yield of cumin, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at the Research Farm of Urmia University (latitude 37.53° N, 45.08° E, and 1320 m above sea level).- The soil texture of experimental site was clay loam (28% silt, 32% clay, 40% sand) with 22.5% field capacity, 1.54 g/cm3 soil density, and pH 7.6. Treatments were four irrigation regimes (irrigation after 50, 100, 150 and 200 mm of evaporation from class A pan) and different amounts of superabsorbent polymer (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg/ha). To measure the chlorophyll content (Chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll), 0.25 g of grounded leaves were adjusted to 25 ml by distilled water, and 0.5 ml of this solute was mixed with 4.5 ml acetone 80%. The upper zone of centrifuged solution was taken for spectrophotometery at 645nm and 663 nm wavelengths. To measure the yield of cumin seeds, 2 m2 of each plot was harvested and immediately were dried in the shade and at a temperature of 25 ° C. Essential oil, 25 g of powdered seeds in a one-liter flask, was extracted (W/W) by the Clevenger method (Hydro distillation) for 3 hours. \u0000Results and Discussion: Analysis of variance showed the significant interaction between the superabsorbent polymer and irrigation on the amount of leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, seed yield, percentage and yield of essential oil. This implies a different physiological response of cumin plant in terms of adding different amounts of superabsorbent and irrigation. Means comparison indicated that the highest concentration of chlorophyll a (0.266 mg/l) and total chlorophyll (0.518 mg/l) were obtained from plants irrigated after 50 mm of evaporation without polymer application. The maximum (0.259 mg/l) and minimum (0.028 mg/l) leaf chlorophyll b belonged to irrigation after 200 mm of evaporation using 60 and 240 kg/ha polymer, r","PeriodicalId":31463,"journal":{"name":"Majallahi Ulumi Baghbani","volume":"29 1","pages":"377-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68593775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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