Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.866
Totok Suprijo, Gandhi Napitupulu, N. S. Ningsih, Denny Basardo Jonatan Sinaga, Audi Rachman
Ocean thermal energy is a promising marine renewable energy resource that can be developed as a clean energy alternative for Indonesia, which is in the equatorial or tropical region. This study assesses the potential of ocean thermal energy as a renewable energy source in the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) by estimating the monthly, seasonal, and intra-seasonal variability of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) resources. The Indonesian EEZ spans from 6°N to 11°S and 95°E to 139°E, covering an area of 3,495,698.72 km². Using temperature data from simulations of the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM), the study evaluates the potential of OTEC resources over a 50-year period (from January 1964 to December 2013) with a spatial resolution of 0.125°. Estimation of OTEC potential power resources was based on temperature differences at depths of 20 m and 1000 m, following the hybrid cycle working principle.The results of the estimations indicate that the area has a monthly average potential power of 289.73 GW. The estimation also reveals seasonal and intra-seasonal variability in this potential energy, with fluctuations ranging from 280.09 GW in August to 295.65 GW in December, influenced by phenomena such as ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole). In the Indonesian EEZ, the average potential thermal power decreases to 288.23 GW during an El Niño event and increases to 291.72 GW during a La Niña event. The IOD phenomenon has a similar effect, with potential decreasing to 281.82 GW during a positive IOD event and rising to 292.64 GW during a negative IOD event.
{"title":"SEASONAL AND INTRA-SEASONAL VARIABILITY OF OCEAN THERMAL POTENTIAL ENERGY IN THE INDONESIAN EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE","authors":"Totok Suprijo, Gandhi Napitupulu, N. S. Ningsih, Denny Basardo Jonatan Sinaga, Audi Rachman","doi":"10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.866","url":null,"abstract":"Ocean thermal energy is a promising marine renewable energy resource that can be developed as a clean energy alternative for Indonesia, which is in the equatorial or tropical region. This study assesses the potential of ocean thermal energy as a renewable energy source in the Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) by estimating the monthly, seasonal, and intra-seasonal variability of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) resources. The Indonesian EEZ spans from 6°N to 11°S and 95°E to 139°E, covering an area of 3,495,698.72 km². Using temperature data from simulations of the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM), the study evaluates the potential of OTEC resources over a 50-year period (from January 1964 to December 2013) with a spatial resolution of 0.125°. Estimation of OTEC potential power resources was based on temperature differences at depths of 20 m and 1000 m, following the hybrid cycle working principle.The results of the estimations indicate that the area has a monthly average potential power of 289.73 GW. The estimation also reveals seasonal and intra-seasonal variability in this potential energy, with fluctuations ranging from 280.09 GW in August to 295.65 GW in December, influenced by phenomena such as ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole). In the Indonesian EEZ, the average potential thermal power decreases to 288.23 GW during an El Niño event and increases to 291.72 GW during a La Niña event. The IOD phenomenon has a similar effect, with potential decreasing to 281.82 GW during a positive IOD event and rising to 292.64 GW during a negative IOD event.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":"264 22‐25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.874
Reno Arief Rachman, Mardi Wibowo, Aloysius Bagyo Widagdo, Nurkhalis Rahili, R. C. Yuniardi, H. H. R. Suharyanto, Affandy Hamid, Aris Subarkah, S. Suranto, H. Khoirunnisa
TPPI Tuban Port is located in Tuban Regency, East Java. Geologically, the rocks are composed of reef limestone in the Paciran Formation, which is Pliocene–Early Pleistocene. The importance of complying with jetty capacity standards and water conditions in commercial ports is emphasized as the key to maintaining smooth port operations, making port revitalization a necessity. One of the main aspects to consider is the sedimentation problem, closely related to sediment characteristics. A deep understanding of sediment dynamics is essential for designing effective solutions to ensure the sustainability of port operations. This research aims to determine the distribution pattern of bed load characteristics such as water content, specific gravity, gradation, sediment texture, d50 size of sediment grains, and statistical analysis of bed load sediment in the west and rainy seasons, where the influence of sediment from land is very large. so it is hoped that it can support the port revitalization plan. The methods used include taking sediment samples in the field, testing sediment samples in the laboratory, statistical sediment analysis, and descriptive analysis of bed load characteristics using the Gradistat method. Based on the study results, the water content value ranges from 22.446% to 218.289%, and the specific gravity ranges from 2,100 g/m³ to 2.690 g/cm³. Additionally, the grain size varies from 0.080 mm to 0.900 mm, and the average grain size ranges from 261.1 μm to 2657.5 μm. Sediment sorting is dominated by very poorly sorted materials, with statistical analysis indicating a dominance of the very platykurtic type. The lithological type is predominantly sand.
{"title":"SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS TO SUPPORT THE REVITALIZATION OF TPPI TUBAN PORT, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA","authors":"Reno Arief Rachman, Mardi Wibowo, Aloysius Bagyo Widagdo, Nurkhalis Rahili, R. C. Yuniardi, H. H. R. Suharyanto, Affandy Hamid, Aris Subarkah, S. Suranto, H. Khoirunnisa","doi":"10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.874","url":null,"abstract":"TPPI Tuban Port is located in Tuban Regency, East Java. Geologically, the rocks are composed of reef limestone in the Paciran Formation, which is Pliocene–Early Pleistocene. The importance of complying with jetty capacity standards and water conditions in commercial ports is emphasized as the key to maintaining smooth port operations, making port revitalization a necessity. One of the main aspects to consider is the sedimentation problem, closely related to sediment characteristics. A deep understanding of sediment dynamics is essential for designing effective solutions to ensure the sustainability of port operations. This research aims to determine the distribution pattern of bed load characteristics such as water content, specific gravity, gradation, sediment texture, d50 size of sediment grains, and statistical analysis of bed load sediment in the west and rainy seasons, where the influence of sediment from land is very large. so it is hoped that it can support the port revitalization plan. The methods used include taking sediment samples in the field, testing sediment samples in the laboratory, statistical sediment analysis, and descriptive analysis of bed load characteristics using the Gradistat method. Based on the study results, the water content value ranges from 22.446% to 218.289%, and the specific gravity ranges from 2,100 g/m³ to 2.690 g/cm³. Additionally, the grain size varies from 0.080 mm to 0.900 mm, and the average grain size ranges from 261.1 μm to 2657.5 μm. Sediment sorting is dominated by very poorly sorted materials, with statistical analysis indicating a dominance of the very platykurtic type. The lithological type is predominantly sand.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141691269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.863
Randi Firdaus, Nurul Tazaroh, Oky Surendra, Eko Prasetyo, Riris Adriyanto
The Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC) is the largest archipelago that vulnerable to climate change especially sea level rise. Some coastal areas frequently experience coastal flooding affecting the activities and infrastructures. Thus, an accurate tide prediction in this region plays a pivotal role in providing the early warning, mitigation, and adaptation to frequent coastal flooding. BMKG, through the Center for Marine Meteorology has done undertaken efforts to provide an accurate tidal prediction information by developing the tidal information system call the Indonesian Tidal Information System (INATIS). Tidal harmonic analysis (THA) using the least-square method was applied to sea level data from 49 Marine Automatic Weather System (MAWS) stations collected between 2020-2021 to generate tidal predictions for the period of 2022-2023. Accuracy was assessed based on Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). MAWS stations with prediction accuracy above 80% visualized on publicly accessible online platform of the BMKG website using the open-source Looker Studio. Verification of the tidal predictions showed an average prediction accuracy of 93.21% with a MAE of 0.11 m. The high accuracy of INATIS demonstrates its potential as a reference for coastal flood early warning systems.
{"title":"TIDAL HARMONIC ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION TO SUPPORT EARLY WARNING FOR COASTAL FLOODING","authors":"Randi Firdaus, Nurul Tazaroh, Oky Surendra, Eko Prasetyo, Riris Adriyanto","doi":"10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.863","url":null,"abstract":"The Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC) is the largest archipelago that vulnerable to climate change especially sea level rise. Some coastal areas frequently experience coastal flooding affecting the activities and infrastructures. Thus, an accurate tide prediction in this region plays a pivotal role in providing the early warning, mitigation, and adaptation to frequent coastal flooding. BMKG, through the Center for Marine Meteorology has done undertaken efforts to provide an accurate tidal prediction information by developing the tidal information system call the Indonesian Tidal Information System (INATIS). Tidal harmonic analysis (THA) using the least-square method was applied to sea level data from 49 Marine Automatic Weather System (MAWS) stations collected between 2020-2021 to generate tidal predictions for the period of 2022-2023. Accuracy was assessed based on Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). MAWS stations with prediction accuracy above 80% visualized on publicly accessible online platform of the BMKG website using the open-source Looker Studio. Verification of the tidal predictions showed an average prediction accuracy of 93.21% with a MAE of 0.11 m. The high accuracy of INATIS demonstrates its potential as a reference for coastal flood early warning systems.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":"117 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.850
D. Yogaswara, Dede Falahudin, I. Wulandari, Edward Edward, Ricky Rositasari, Ukis Shofarudin
PAH pollutants from anthropogenic activities were released into Indramayu Coast and could potentially have negative effects on the environment. This study aimed to determine the distribution, source, and ecological risks of PAHs in the area. Seawater and sediment samples were collected and stored in glass bottles at 4 °C and then further processed in the laboratory. The samples were extracted with dichloromethane and n-hexane and then fractionated using a silica gel column, and finally injected into a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GCMS). The distribution of PAH compounds was detected in all sampling stations in varying amounts. PAH with low molecular weight (two to three rings) was predominant in seawater samples, while high molecular weight (four rings) was predominant in sediments. In addition, by using the molecular diagnostic ratio, the PAH source in Indramayu Coast was detected to be pyrogenic and petrogenic processes that come from anthropogenic activities. Exposure to PAH concentrations in this study posed a lower risk to sediment-dwelling organisms. However, further awareness and periodic monitoring are required to detect carcinogenic PAHs.
人为活动产生的多环芳烃污染物被释放到英德拉马尤海岸，可能会对环境造成负面影响。本研究旨在确定该地区多环芳烃的分布、来源和生态风险。采集的海水和沉积物样本在 4 °C 下保存在玻璃瓶中，然后在实验室中进一步处理。样品用二氯甲烷和正己烷提取，然后用硅胶柱分馏，最后注入气相色谱-质谱仪（GCMS）。在所有采样站都检测到了不同数量的多环芳烃化合物。海水样本中的多环芳烃以低分子量（2 至 3 环）为主，而沉积物样本中的多环芳烃则以高分子量（4 环）为主。此外，通过分子诊断比，还发现因德拉马尤海岸的多环芳烃来源于人为活动的热成过程和岩石成因过程。本研究中暴露于多环芳烃浓度对沉积物栖息生物造成的风险较低。不过，需要进一步提高认识并定期进行监测，以检测致癌的多环芳烃。
{"title":"POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) IN INDRAMAYU COASTAL, WEST JAVA: DISTRIBUTION, SOURCE, AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT","authors":"D. Yogaswara, Dede Falahudin, I. Wulandari, Edward Edward, Ricky Rositasari, Ukis Shofarudin","doi":"10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.850","url":null,"abstract":"PAH pollutants from anthropogenic activities were released into Indramayu Coast and could potentially have negative effects on the environment. This study aimed to determine the distribution, source, and ecological risks of PAHs in the area. Seawater and sediment samples were collected and stored in glass bottles at 4 °C and then further processed in the laboratory. The samples were extracted with dichloromethane and n-hexane and then fractionated using a silica gel column, and finally injected into a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GCMS). The distribution of PAH compounds was detected in all sampling stations in varying amounts. PAH with low molecular weight (two to three rings) was predominant in seawater samples, while high molecular weight (four rings) was predominant in sediments. In addition, by using the molecular diagnostic ratio, the PAH source in Indramayu Coast was detected to be pyrogenic and petrogenic processes that come from anthropogenic activities. Exposure to PAH concentrations in this study posed a lower risk to sediment-dwelling organisms. However, further awareness and periodic monitoring are required to detect carcinogenic PAHs.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141693134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.862
Ahmad Al Fauzan, Dwi Amanda Utami, Rima Rachmayani, A. Nurhidayati
Rapid industrial expansion in Banten has triggered a surge in pollution, impacting areas like Panjang Island in Banten Bay. Pollution on Panjang Island stems primarily from industrial operations and shipping activities. This study investigates the distribution of lead (Pb) metal concentrations in Panjang Island's coral reef environment, focusing on sediment and surface water. It also examines how seasonal variations, influenced by ocean currents, affect Pb concentration distribution. Data were gathered using purposive sampling, collecting sediment samples, surface water samples, and oceanographic data. Pb levels in both sediments and surface water underwent analysis at the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) laboratory, employing atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Our findings indicate that during the transitional II season, Pb concentrations in sediment ranged from 4.2 to 17 mg/kg, while the westerly season showed Pb concentrations spanning 3.8 to 23.4 mg/kg. Surface water during these seasons exhibited Pb concentrations varying from 0 to 0.03 mg/l. Notably, at several monitoring stations, surface water Pb concentrations exceeded the threshold set by Regulation No. 22 of 2021, suggesting potential harm to the coral reef ecosystem surrounding Panjang Island. Elevated Pb concentrations were observed during the transitional II season in the island's western part and the westerly season in the eastern part. These disparities appear to be influenced by the direction of ocean currents, highlighting their role in shaping Pb distribution in Panjang Island's waters.
{"title":"STUDY OF HEAVY METAL LEAD (PB) CONTENT IN THE CORAL REEF ENVIRONMENT OF PANJANG ISLAND, BANTEN","authors":"Ahmad Al Fauzan, Dwi Amanda Utami, Rima Rachmayani, A. Nurhidayati","doi":"10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.39.1.2024.862","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid industrial expansion in Banten has triggered a surge in pollution, impacting areas like Panjang Island in Banten Bay. Pollution on Panjang Island stems primarily from industrial operations and shipping activities. This study investigates the distribution of lead (Pb) metal concentrations in Panjang Island's coral reef environment, focusing on sediment and surface water. It also examines how seasonal variations, influenced by ocean currents, affect Pb concentration distribution. Data were gathered using purposive sampling, collecting sediment samples, surface water samples, and oceanographic data. Pb levels in both sediments and surface water underwent analysis at the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) laboratory, employing atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Our findings indicate that during the transitional II season, Pb concentrations in sediment ranged from 4.2 to 17 mg/kg, while the westerly season showed Pb concentrations spanning 3.8 to 23.4 mg/kg. Surface water during these seasons exhibited Pb concentrations varying from 0 to 0.03 mg/l. Notably, at several monitoring stations, surface water Pb concentrations exceeded the threshold set by Regulation No. 22 of 2021, suggesting potential harm to the coral reef ecosystem surrounding Panjang Island. Elevated Pb concentrations were observed during the transitional II season in the island's western part and the westerly season in the eastern part. These disparities appear to be influenced by the direction of ocean currents, highlighting their role in shaping Pb distribution in Panjang Island's waters.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141709401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.859
F.X. Harkins H. Prabowo, L. Gustiantini, Marina I. Siti, Fauzi Budi Prasetio, Yuli Yulianah, Catur Purwanto, Yusuf Adam Priohandono, Sonny Mawardi, G. Latuputty, Prisca Ayu Wastuwidyarani, Adi C. Sinaga, S. A. Piranti, Ferry Siboro, Agus Subekti, Sahudin Sahudin
A survey on marine geology and oceanography was conducted in Manggar Waters, East Belitung, in order to protect the geological heritage of the newly inaugurated Belitong UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp) in 2021. This study is aimed at understanding the characteristics of the seabed, marine sediments, currents, and coastal features in the area. A bathymetrical survey was done using an Echotrac echosounder to measure water depths, and current measurements were taken with an Infinity device. Forty sediment samples were collected and analyzed for their characteristics. The coastal features were examined through direct observation, and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) drone was used to investigate the morphology of small islands. The results showed that the seabed was mainly composed of coarse sediments, such as sand and clayey sand, with some areas containing gravel near Buku Limau Island. The microfauna foraminifera analysis indicated a relatively low diversity, with Operculina and Amphistegina being the dominant species. Two types of beaches were recognized: the northern part, consisting of rocky beaches made of igneous rocks, and the southern part, which has flat beaches made of beach alluvium deposits. Abrasion was found to be dominant in the southern part, particularly at Tambak Beach. The study provides valuable information for the planning and management of marine areas in the Belitong Geopark. It also highlights the importance of preserving and protecting the geological heritage of the region. With this newfound knowledge, stakeholders can make cognizant decisions to ensure the conservation of the Belitong Geopark and its unique geological features.
{"title":"EXPLORING MARINE GEOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY IN MANGGAR WATERS: A PRELUDE TO THE BURGEONING BELITONG GEOPARK","authors":"F.X. Harkins H. Prabowo, L. Gustiantini, Marina I. Siti, Fauzi Budi Prasetio, Yuli Yulianah, Catur Purwanto, Yusuf Adam Priohandono, Sonny Mawardi, G. Latuputty, Prisca Ayu Wastuwidyarani, Adi C. Sinaga, S. A. Piranti, Ferry Siboro, Agus Subekti, Sahudin Sahudin","doi":"10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.859","url":null,"abstract":"A survey on marine geology and oceanography was conducted in Manggar Waters, East Belitung, in order to protect the geological heritage of the newly inaugurated Belitong UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp) in 2021. This study is aimed at understanding the characteristics of the seabed, marine sediments, currents, and coastal features in the area. A bathymetrical survey was done using an Echotrac echosounder to measure water depths, and current measurements were taken with an Infinity device. Forty sediment samples were collected and analyzed for their characteristics. The coastal features were examined through direct observation, and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) drone was used to investigate the morphology of small islands. The results showed that the seabed was mainly composed of coarse sediments, such as sand and clayey sand, with some areas containing gravel near Buku Limau Island. The microfauna foraminifera analysis indicated a relatively low diversity, with Operculina and Amphistegina being the dominant species. Two types of beaches were recognized: the northern part, consisting of rocky beaches made of igneous rocks, and the southern part, which has flat beaches made of beach alluvium deposits. Abrasion was found to be dominant in the southern part, particularly at Tambak Beach. The study provides valuable information for the planning and management of marine areas in the Belitong Geopark. It also highlights the importance of preserving and protecting the geological heritage of the region. With this newfound knowledge, stakeholders can make cognizant decisions to ensure the conservation of the Belitong Geopark and its unique geological features.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139129927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.832
T. K. Usman, Y. A. Sendjaja, Nurdrajat Nurdrajat
The Middle Baong Sand Formation has long been ascribed to the Malay Peninsula. However, this contradicts the results of chronostratigraphic correlation and rare earth element (REE) analysis, which indicate another source from the south. This research was conducted in North Sumatra, especially in Pertamina's onshore and offshore work areas. The comparison area is located in Kutacane-Karo and the Malay Peninsula. The objective of the study is to understand the provenance of the Middle Baong Sand Formation in North Sumatra. Data from four wells and 32 outcrops are used to evaluate the provenance and distribution of Middle Baong Sand in the study area. Besides that, secondary data from three outcrops are also used to support the analysis. The methods used in this study are chronostratigraphic correlation and REE analysis. The results showed that the provenance of the Middle Baong Sand onshore is estimated to originate from southwest Sumatra, contrary to general assumptions. Validation was carried out by comparing Malay Peninsula data with Kutacane research data and wells using REE analysis. The analysis results showed that the Middle Baong Sand Formation in the onshore area has a different provenance from the Middle Baong Sand Formation in the offshore area, which contradicts other research conducted so far. Based on this study, it is concluded that the paleogeography of the North Sumatra basin undergoes deepening symmetrically in the central basin since 10.46 million years ago (Mya).
{"title":"PROVENANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF MIDDLE BAONG SAND IN THE MALACCA STRAIT AND ITS SURROUNDING","authors":"T. K. Usman, Y. A. Sendjaja, Nurdrajat Nurdrajat","doi":"10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.832","url":null,"abstract":"The Middle Baong Sand Formation has long been ascribed to the Malay Peninsula. However, this contradicts the results of chronostratigraphic correlation and rare earth element (REE) analysis, which indicate another source from the south. This research was conducted in North Sumatra, especially in Pertamina's onshore and offshore work areas. The comparison area is located in Kutacane-Karo and the Malay Peninsula. The objective of the study is to understand the provenance of the Middle Baong Sand Formation in North Sumatra. Data from four wells and 32 outcrops are used to evaluate the provenance and distribution of Middle Baong Sand in the study area. Besides that, secondary data from three outcrops are also used to support the analysis. The methods used in this study are chronostratigraphic correlation and REE analysis. The results showed that the provenance of the Middle Baong Sand onshore is estimated to originate from southwest Sumatra, contrary to general assumptions. Validation was carried out by comparing Malay Peninsula data with Kutacane research data and wells using REE analysis. The analysis results showed that the Middle Baong Sand Formation in the onshore area has a different provenance from the Middle Baong Sand Formation in the offshore area, which contradicts other research conducted so far. Based on this study, it is concluded that the paleogeography of the North Sumatra basin undergoes deepening symmetrically in the central basin since 10.46 million years ago (Mya).","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138960873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.828
Restu Ningsih, I. Setiadi, Muh. Sarkowi, A. Hidayatika
The area of north Madura offshore is one of the sedimentary basins within the North East Java Basin which has interesting paleogeographical developments. These developments are the result of various sedimentation processes and changes in the depositional environments. The purpose of this study is to identify subsurface geological structures, delineate sedimentary sub-basins, and estimate sediment thickness. For that, we do spectrum analysis, optimum upward continuation filtering, spectral decomposition analysis, 2D forward modeling and 3D inversion of gravity data. The results of the spectral analysis show that the average thickness of sedimentary rocks in the study area is around 3.788 km. From the gravity data analysis, 10 sedimentary sub-basins were delineated, indicating structural patterns of basement high, grabens, and faults. 2D and 3D modeling revealed four layers of stratigraphy, in order from youngest to oldest are Tertiary-Neogene sedimentary rocks with a density value of 2.1 gr/cc, the Tertiary-Neogene sedimentary rocks with a density of 2.3 gr/cc, the Tertiary - Paleogene sedimentary rocks with a density of 2.45 gr/cc, and the basement layer identified as volcanic igneous rock with a density of 2.67 gr/cc.
{"title":"GEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF NORTH MADURA OFFSHORE SEDIMENTARY BASIN BASED ON GRAVITY DATA ANALYSIS","authors":"Restu Ningsih, I. Setiadi, Muh. Sarkowi, A. Hidayatika","doi":"10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.828","url":null,"abstract":"The area of north Madura offshore is one of the sedimentary basins within the North East Java Basin which has interesting paleogeographical developments. These developments are the result of various sedimentation processes and changes in the depositional environments. The purpose of this study is to identify subsurface geological structures, delineate sedimentary sub-basins, and estimate sediment thickness. For that, we do spectrum analysis, optimum upward continuation filtering, spectral decomposition analysis, 2D forward modeling and 3D inversion of gravity data. The results of the spectral analysis show that the average thickness of sedimentary rocks in the study area is around 3.788 km. From the gravity data analysis, 10 sedimentary sub-basins were delineated, indicating structural patterns of basement high, grabens, and faults. 2D and 3D modeling revealed four layers of stratigraphy, in order from youngest to oldest are Tertiary-Neogene sedimentary rocks with a density value of 2.1 gr/cc, the Tertiary-Neogene sedimentary rocks with a density of 2.3 gr/cc, the Tertiary - Paleogene sedimentary rocks with a density of 2.45 gr/cc, and the basement layer identified as volcanic igneous rock with a density of 2.67 gr/cc.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.807
⠀. Yudhicara
Ternate Island is a volcanic island located in the Maluku Sea. Tsunami ever hit Ternate before 1900 or occurred before the age of the people living in this island. The paleotsunami suspect have been found in the western coast of Ternate Island. The outcrop has 50 m length and 1 m width, was discovered beneath the Gamalama eruption product which occurred in 1907. The paleotsunami candidate consists of at least five layers originating from different tsunami events. The granulometric analysis was carried out for each layer. The results obtained were that paleotsunami sediments had poorly sorted which indicated that the grain sizes were mixed, this was due to the energy of tsunami wave varied in time when transporting and depositing the sediments. Skewness varies from very fine to very coarse, indicating a change in the energy of the tsunami wave that occurs from very high when rising inland to decreasing as it returns to sea. Kurtosis varies from leptokurtic, platykurtic, and mesokurtic. Variations in mean, sorting, skewness and kurtosis values indicate a change in tsunami wave energy which causes a change in grain size. The granulometric analysis shows that the deposition of the youngest paleotsunami deposits candidate was initiated by a very strong current with the greatest energy, thus depositing very coarse sand to gravel, followed by a gradual decrease in energy and the tsunami wave process began to reverse towards the sea, then receded with the lowest energy and deposited finer grains. The sediment sources come from two different places, this shows that the sources come from the sea and the coast around the deposited paleotsunami candidates.
{"title":"GRANULOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF PALEOTSUNAMI DEPOSITS CANDIDATE IN TERNATE ISLAND, NORTH MALUKU","authors":"⠀. Yudhicara","doi":"10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.807","url":null,"abstract":"Ternate Island is a volcanic island located in the Maluku Sea. Tsunami ever hit Ternate before 1900 or occurred before the age of the people living in this island. The paleotsunami suspect have been found in the western coast of Ternate Island. The outcrop has 50 m length and 1 m width, was discovered beneath the Gamalama eruption product which occurred in 1907. The paleotsunami candidate consists of at least five layers originating from different tsunami events. The granulometric analysis was carried out for each layer. The results obtained were that paleotsunami sediments had poorly sorted which indicated that the grain sizes were mixed, this was due to the energy of tsunami wave varied in time when transporting and depositing the sediments. Skewness varies from very fine to very coarse, indicating a change in the energy of the tsunami wave that occurs from very high when rising inland to decreasing as it returns to sea. Kurtosis varies from leptokurtic, platykurtic, and mesokurtic. Variations in mean, sorting, skewness and kurtosis values indicate a change in tsunami wave energy which causes a change in grain size. The granulometric analysis shows that the deposition of the youngest paleotsunami deposits candidate was initiated by a very strong current with the greatest energy, thus depositing very coarse sand to gravel, followed by a gradual decrease in energy and the tsunami wave process began to reverse towards the sea, then receded with the lowest energy and deposited finer grains. The sediment sources come from two different places, this shows that the sources come from the sea and the coast around the deposited paleotsunami candidates.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":" 764","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138960258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.831
Rahmadi Hidayat, Sarju Winardi, A. Akmaluddin
Sediment recycling has been known to occur within Quaternary coastal barriers of the greater Coorong Coastal Plain, southern Australia. A high degree of reworking of skeletal carbonates from Late Pleistocene deposits (Robe Range) is evident based on the novel application of amino acid dating of the single-foraminifera species Lamellodiscorbis dimidiatus. More importantly, some apparently transparent, well-preserved tests indicate anomalously high extents of amino acid racemization, implying that reworked fossils could not be easily distinguished based on taphonomic signatures such as corrosion. Here, we examine the surface microtexture of this species, constrained with well-preserved specimens, on a modern beach of Canunda, southern Australia, using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The aim is to identify surface features of foraminifera in more detail, capturing signs of early diagenesis associated with weakly consolidated Late Pleistocene coastal barriers. The results reveal that some well-preserved tests show localized blocky calcite cementation, most notably within intraseptal spaces or impact sites. The EDS spectra of cement indicate lower Mg content than unaltered foraminifera surface. This suggests low-Mg calcite precipitation due to meteoric diagenesis experienced by the onshore Late Pleistocene coastal barrier. It implies that these foraminifera shells are reworked fossils originated from older successions and were subsequently redeposited within the present-day beach. SEM-EDS used in this study demonstrates its capability in examining small-scale carbonate diagenesis products beyond the traditional binocular microscope. Thus, this tool is recommended to aid amino acid dating in detecting reworked fossils.
{"title":"THE APPLICATION OF SEM-EDS FOR THE SURFACE TEXTURE OF FORAMINIFERA: IDENTIFICATION OF EARLY DIAGENESIS OF REWORKED L. DIMIDIATUS WITHIN MODERN COASTAL DEPOSITS","authors":"Rahmadi Hidayat, Sarju Winardi, A. Akmaluddin","doi":"10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32693/bomg.38.2.2023.831","url":null,"abstract":"Sediment recycling has been known to occur within Quaternary coastal barriers of the greater Coorong Coastal Plain, southern Australia. A high degree of reworking of skeletal carbonates from Late Pleistocene deposits (Robe Range) is evident based on the novel application of amino acid dating of the single-foraminifera species Lamellodiscorbis dimidiatus. More importantly, some apparently transparent, well-preserved tests indicate anomalously high extents of amino acid racemization, implying that reworked fossils could not be easily distinguished based on taphonomic signatures such as corrosion. Here, we examine the surface microtexture of this species, constrained with well-preserved specimens, on a modern beach of Canunda, southern Australia, using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The aim is to identify surface features of foraminifera in more detail, capturing signs of early diagenesis associated with weakly consolidated Late Pleistocene coastal barriers. The results reveal that some well-preserved tests show localized blocky calcite cementation, most notably within intraseptal spaces or impact sites. The EDS spectra of cement indicate lower Mg content than unaltered foraminifera surface. This suggests low-Mg calcite precipitation due to meteoric diagenesis experienced by the onshore Late Pleistocene coastal barrier. It implies that these foraminifera shells are reworked fossils originated from older successions and were subsequently redeposited within the present-day beach. SEM-EDS used in this study demonstrates its capability in examining small-scale carbonate diagenesis products beyond the traditional binocular microscope. Thus, this tool is recommended to aid amino acid dating in detecting reworked fossils.","PeriodicalId":31610,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Marine Geology","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138963381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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