Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.3.3796.1
Sahand Fattahi, Y. Garedaghi
Aims Different species of gongylonema are common parasites of rats that can be accidentally transmitted to humans and cause disease. This study aims to identify and investigate the morphology of Gongylonema neoplasticum and its zoonotic significance in Tabriz rats. Methods & Materials In this study, 100 rats (29 Rattus rattus and 71 Rattus norvegicus) were caught from different parts of Tabriz City in northwestern Iran using live traps. In the study areas, edible beetles are abundant and in almost all trapping areas local people complained about the presence of beetles. These beetles host the mediator of gongylonema parasites and easily infect animals, such as mice, rabbits, cats, cattle, and accidentally humans. Findings In this study, the esophagus and stomach of rats were carefully examined for infection with gongylonema and only one of the following species was isolated from them, Gongylonema neoplasticum. Conclusion Due to the high abundance of beetles, high levels of Gongylonema neoplasticum were not reported, which can be considered in terms of human infections. More parasitological studies should be done in different geographical regions of Iran and other countries.
{"title":"Examining Gongylonema Neoplasticum From Rats in Tabriz City (Northwest of Iran): A Case Report","authors":"Sahand Fattahi, Y. Garedaghi","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.3.3796.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.3.3796.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Different species of gongylonema are common parasites of rats that can be accidentally transmitted to humans and cause disease. This study aims to identify and investigate the morphology of Gongylonema neoplasticum and its zoonotic significance in Tabriz rats. Methods & Materials In this study, 100 rats (29 Rattus rattus and 71 Rattus norvegicus) were caught from different parts of Tabriz City in northwestern Iran using live traps. In the study areas, edible beetles are abundant and in almost all trapping areas local people complained about the presence of beetles. These beetles host the mediator of gongylonema parasites and easily infect animals, such as mice, rabbits, cats, cattle, and accidentally humans. Findings In this study, the esophagus and stomach of rats were carefully examined for infection with gongylonema and only one of the following species was isolated from them, Gongylonema neoplasticum. Conclusion Due to the high abundance of beetles, high levels of Gongylonema neoplasticum were not reported, which can be considered in terms of human infections. More parasitological studies should be done in different geographical regions of Iran and other countries.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130729286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.3.3701.1
Z. Abbasi Ranjbar, A. Salari, T. Hasandokht, Abuzar Fakhr Mousavi, Sofia Jaefarpour
Aims The high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and the high risk for diabetes in the general population is alarming. In addition, the frequency of coronary artery diseases (CAD) in patients with undiagnosed diabetes is higher than in non-diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of people at risk of diabetes in patients undergoing coronary artery angiography (CAG) in a university referral hospital in Guilan Province, Iran. Methods & Materials In this cross-sectional study, data from 300 non-diabetic patients who were candidates for CAG were collected using a simple sampling method. The risk of developing diabetes was calculated according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk score. ADA scores higher than five were considered high risk, and ADA scores equal to 4 and lower than 4 were as moderate and low risk, respectively. Findings The mean age of the study population was 59.44±15.7 years. Most subjects were male (59.3%). Only 24.3% of patients were in the low-risk group while 32% were in moderate risk and 43.7% were in the high-risk group. The frequency of patients with at least two coronary artery involvement was significantly higher in the high-risk group (43.1%) than in the moderate group (34.4%), and the low-risk (22.5%) group. Conclusion A high proportion of the patients undergoing CAG were at high risk of developing diabetes. Hence, it seems essential to address cardiometabolic risk factors in coronary artery diseases (CAD) after discharge from the hospital.
{"title":"Risk of Developing Diabetes in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Angiography Based on American Diabetes Association Risk Score: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Z. Abbasi Ranjbar, A. Salari, T. Hasandokht, Abuzar Fakhr Mousavi, Sofia Jaefarpour","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.3.3701.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.3.3701.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims The high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes and the high risk for diabetes in the general population is alarming. In addition, the frequency of coronary artery diseases (CAD) in patients with undiagnosed diabetes is higher than in non-diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of people at risk of diabetes in patients undergoing coronary artery angiography (CAG) in a university referral hospital in Guilan Province, Iran. Methods & Materials In this cross-sectional study, data from 300 non-diabetic patients who were candidates for CAG were collected using a simple sampling method. The risk of developing diabetes was calculated according to American Diabetes Association (ADA) risk score. ADA scores higher than five were considered high risk, and ADA scores equal to 4 and lower than 4 were as moderate and low risk, respectively. Findings The mean age of the study population was 59.44±15.7 years. Most subjects were male (59.3%). Only 24.3% of patients were in the low-risk group while 32% were in moderate risk and 43.7% were in the high-risk group. The frequency of patients with at least two coronary artery involvement was significantly higher in the high-risk group (43.1%) than in the moderate group (34.4%), and the low-risk (22.5%) group. Conclusion A high proportion of the patients undergoing CAG were at high risk of developing diabetes. Hence, it seems essential to address cardiometabolic risk factors in coronary artery diseases (CAD) after discharge from the hospital.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128641100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.3.3378.2
F. Rahimi, Mahshid Moenimehr
Aims Considering the adverse effects of anxiety in pregnant women during pregnancy and labor, various studies have investigated nursing and obstetric techniques as alternative treatment methods to improve mental health and reduce anxiety in pregnant women of low-risk and high-risk groups. This study aims to review the existing literature on this subject and provide a conclusion. Methods & Materials In this systematic review, the necessary information was gathered from the following databases from 2000 to 2022, Since Direct, Scopus, PubMed, SID, Google Scholar, and Iran Registry of Clinical Trials Findings A total of 99 articles (52 in Persian and 47 in English) were investigated. Of this sample, 10 studies were conducted in the high-risk group of pregnant women, and 89 studies were conducted in the low-risk group of pregnant women. Meanwhile, 23 different methods of reducing anxiety in the low-risk and high-risk groups of pregnant women during pregnancy or the first stages of pregnancy were employed. Among the articles, the relaxation method (20 articles), mindfulness (15 articles), using Quran verses and spiritual treatment based on religious teachings (14 articles), aromatherapy (11 articles), and music therapy (6 articles) were the most effective articles compared to other methods investigated by researchers. Conclusion Based on the studies, active relaxation, and progressive muscle relaxation, and mindfulness can be used as a practical method to reduce anxiety and improve disorders during pregnancy due to being easy and understandable. Also, the use of Quran verses and spiritual treatment based on spiritual training, considering Iranian and Islamic culture, can effectively reduce anxiety in pregnant women and play a crucial role during pregnancy and in the first stages of pregnancy.
目的考虑到妊娠和分娩期间焦虑对孕妇的不良影响，各种研究探讨了护理和产科技术作为改善低危和高危孕妇心理健康和减少焦虑的替代治疗方法。本研究的目的是回顾现有的文献，并给出结论。方法与材料本系统综述收集了2000年至2022年期间Direct、Scopus、PubMed、SID、谷歌Scholar和Iran Registry of Clinical Trials Findings数据库中的必要信息，共调查了99篇文章(52篇波斯语，47篇英语)。在该样本中，高危孕妇组有10项研究，低危孕妇组有89项研究。同时，采用23种不同的方法来减少怀孕期间或怀孕初期低风险和高风险人群的焦虑。与研究人员调查的其他方法相比，放松法(20篇)、正念法(15篇)、使用古兰经经文和基于宗教教义的精神治疗(14篇)、芳香疗法(11篇)和音乐疗法(6篇)是最有效的方法。结论主动放松法、渐进式肌肉放松法和正念放松法具有简单易懂的特点，可作为减轻孕期焦虑、改善孕期障碍的实用方法。此外，考虑到伊朗和伊斯兰文化，使用古兰经经文和基于精神训练的精神治疗可以有效减少孕妇的焦虑，并在怀孕期间和怀孕初期发挥至关重要的作用。
{"title":"Investigating Non-Pharmacologic Treatment Methods in Reducing Anxiety in Pregnant Women of Low-Risk and High-Risk Groups: A Systematic Review","authors":"F. Rahimi, Mahshid Moenimehr","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.3.3378.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.3.3378.2","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Considering the adverse effects of anxiety in pregnant women during pregnancy and labor, various studies have investigated nursing and obstetric techniques as alternative treatment methods to improve mental health and reduce anxiety in pregnant women of low-risk and high-risk groups. This study aims to review the existing literature on this subject and provide a conclusion. Methods & Materials In this systematic review, the necessary information was gathered from the following databases from 2000 to 2022, Since Direct, Scopus, PubMed, SID, Google Scholar, and Iran Registry of Clinical Trials Findings A total of 99 articles (52 in Persian and 47 in English) were investigated. Of this sample, 10 studies were conducted in the high-risk group of pregnant women, and 89 studies were conducted in the low-risk group of pregnant women. Meanwhile, 23 different methods of reducing anxiety in the low-risk and high-risk groups of pregnant women during pregnancy or the first stages of pregnancy were employed. Among the articles, the relaxation method (20 articles), mindfulness (15 articles), using Quran verses and spiritual treatment based on religious teachings (14 articles), aromatherapy (11 articles), and music therapy (6 articles) were the most effective articles compared to other methods investigated by researchers. Conclusion Based on the studies, active relaxation, and progressive muscle relaxation, and mindfulness can be used as a practical method to reduce anxiety and improve disorders during pregnancy due to being easy and understandable. Also, the use of Quran verses and spiritual treatment based on spiritual training, considering Iranian and Islamic culture, can effectively reduce anxiety in pregnant women and play a crucial role during pregnancy and in the first stages of pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116843010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.3.3813.1
M. Rezaei
Aims In recent years, iron oxide nanoparticles have shown incredible possibilities in biomedical applications due to their non-toxic function in biological systems. Furthermore, these nanoparticles have multifunctional applications, such as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer effects in medicine due to their magnetic properties. Methods & Materials In this article, 49 articles related to iron oxide nanoparticles and their wide applications in medicine and biotechnology were collected from 1998 to 2022 through article search databases from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Scopus. Findings Iron oxide nanoparticles are not only used as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer agents but also they can be functionalized with different molecules and used to treat and diagnose cancer. Due to the adverse effects of some of these molecules, phytochemicals of plant extracts are used today as an alternative to functionalize these nanoparticles. The main advantage of iron oxide nanoparticles is the appropriate bio-distribution in the biological sample compared to other drug delivery systems. The magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles in hyperthermia and contrast media in magnetic resonance imaging have attracted the attention of many researchers. Conclusion Iron oxide nanoparticles can be effective in targeted treatment and diagnosis in biomedicine. To improve anticancer and antimicrobial therapies, researchers have used these nanoparticles with different approaches. Considering the wide applications and results of iron oxide nanoparticles in medicine, this review article has been written to discuss the methods of synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles, the types of coatings used to functionalize them, and the different applications in cancer treatment and diagnosis.
{"title":"A Review of Recent Advances in Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Magnetic Agent in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","authors":"M. Rezaei","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.3.3813.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.3.3813.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims In recent years, iron oxide nanoparticles have shown incredible possibilities in biomedical applications due to their non-toxic function in biological systems. Furthermore, these nanoparticles have multifunctional applications, such as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer effects in medicine due to their magnetic properties. Methods & Materials In this article, 49 articles related to iron oxide nanoparticles and their wide applications in medicine and biotechnology were collected from 1998 to 2022 through article search databases from Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Scopus. Findings Iron oxide nanoparticles are not only used as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer agents but also they can be functionalized with different molecules and used to treat and diagnose cancer. Due to the adverse effects of some of these molecules, phytochemicals of plant extracts are used today as an alternative to functionalize these nanoparticles. The main advantage of iron oxide nanoparticles is the appropriate bio-distribution in the biological sample compared to other drug delivery systems. The magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles in hyperthermia and contrast media in magnetic resonance imaging have attracted the attention of many researchers. Conclusion Iron oxide nanoparticles can be effective in targeted treatment and diagnosis in biomedicine. To improve anticancer and antimicrobial therapies, researchers have used these nanoparticles with different approaches. Considering the wide applications and results of iron oxide nanoparticles in medicine, this review article has been written to discuss the methods of synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles, the types of coatings used to functionalize them, and the different applications in cancer treatment and diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132438212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.3.3706.1
B. Amirsardari, A. Saremi, Mohammad Malekipouya
Aims Activation of inflammatory processes is necessary immediately after myocardial infarction (MI), but if it continues excessively, it can facilitate the occurrence of MI. Considering the positive effects of exercise on inflammatory pathways and their reduction, it seems to play a crucial role in improving the condition of MI patients. Accordingly, the present study investigated the effect of an incremental training rehabilitation period on serum levels of pentraxin-3 and osteoprotegerin in infarcted rats. Methods & Materials In this experimental study controlled with a control group, 36 Wistar rats (8 weeks old, weighing 210±26 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups, healthy, MI, and infarction-incremental training rehabilitation. MI was then induced in two infarction groups using two subcutaneous injections of isoproterenol (150 mg/kg) at 24-hour intervals. The intervention groups underwent incremental endurance training for one session (treadmill with a speed of 10 m/min and a start time of 20 minutes and reached a speed of 18 m/min and a time of 50 minutes). Serum levels of pentraxin-3 (PTX3) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were then assessed by ELISA immediately after the intervention. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were used to analyze the data at the significance level of P<0.05. Findings The results showed that induction of MI led to a significant increase in the studied indicators (P=0.0001). Also, incremental training rehabilitation led to a significant decrease (P=0.04 and P=0.01) in the serum levels of pentroxin-3 (PTX3) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the samples compared to the MI group. Conclusion The present study showed that incremental training rehabilitation by reducing inflammatory markers can play a crucial role in improving the condition of patients with MI.
{"title":"The Effect of an Incremental Training Rehabilitation Period on the Serum Levels of Pentraxin-3 and Osteoprotegerin in Rats With Myocardial Infarction","authors":"B. Amirsardari, A. Saremi, Mohammad Malekipouya","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.3.3706.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.3.3706.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Activation of inflammatory processes is necessary immediately after myocardial infarction (MI), but if it continues excessively, it can facilitate the occurrence of MI. Considering the positive effects of exercise on inflammatory pathways and their reduction, it seems to play a crucial role in improving the condition of MI patients. Accordingly, the present study investigated the effect of an incremental training rehabilitation period on serum levels of pentraxin-3 and osteoprotegerin in infarcted rats. Methods & Materials In this experimental study controlled with a control group, 36 Wistar rats (8 weeks old, weighing 210±26 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups, healthy, MI, and infarction-incremental training rehabilitation. MI was then induced in two infarction groups using two subcutaneous injections of isoproterenol (150 mg/kg) at 24-hour intervals. The intervention groups underwent incremental endurance training for one session (treadmill with a speed of 10 m/min and a start time of 20 minutes and reached a speed of 18 m/min and a time of 50 minutes). Serum levels of pentraxin-3 (PTX3) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were then assessed by ELISA immediately after the intervention. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were used to analyze the data at the significance level of P<0.05. Findings The results showed that induction of MI led to a significant increase in the studied indicators (P=0.0001). Also, incremental training rehabilitation led to a significant decrease (P=0.04 and P=0.01) in the serum levels of pentroxin-3 (PTX3) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the samples compared to the MI group. Conclusion The present study showed that incremental training rehabilitation by reducing inflammatory markers can play a crucial role in improving the condition of patients with MI.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129252174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.3.3277.3
Hojat Adeli, C. Ahmadizadeh, Mohammad Hossein Sadeghi Zali
Aims Studies have shown that probiotic bacteria inhibit the onset and progression of carcinogenesis through different pathways. Our objective in this study was to determine the effect of probiotic bacteria on the expression of growth-related genes Rel A, IKB, and Casp3 in HT29 colon cancer cells Methods & Materials In this study, the Lactobacillus brevis probiotic bacteria were first cultured, and after the supply of media conditioning, they were treated on HT29 cancer cells. The bacterium’s cytotoxic effect (bacterial T cells) was investigated using a microculture tetrazolium test (MTT). DNA was extracted from the treated cells, and a DNA Ladder assay was performed. Also, the 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) test was performed to show cell apoptosis. After ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction and complementary DNA (cDNA) preparation to determine the mechanism of the effect of this bacterium on cellular signaling, the expression of growth-related genes Rel A, IKB, and Cas3 was measured using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Findings The microculture tetrazolium (MTT) test showed that L. b bacteria inhibit HT29 cells’ proliferation, induce apoptosis in these cells, and inhibit Rel A gene proliferation by increasing IKB gene expression. Also, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and DNA ladder assay following the treatment of HT29 cells regarding the mentioned bacteria showed qualitative changes in cell apoptosis. In addition, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results showed that L. b increased Casp3 gene expression in HT29 colon cancer cells (P=0.038). Conclusion Our findings indicate that L. b stimulates the apoptotic cell signaling pathway in HT29 colon cancer cells. It can be used as a new treatment strategy or therapy for colon cancer treatment.
{"title":"Investigation of the Effect of Lactobacillus Brevis Bacteria on the Expression of Rel A, IKB, and Casp3 Genes in HT29 Colon Cancer Cells","authors":"Hojat Adeli, C. Ahmadizadeh, Mohammad Hossein Sadeghi Zali","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.3.3277.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.3.3277.3","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Studies have shown that probiotic bacteria inhibit the onset and progression of carcinogenesis through different pathways. Our objective in this study was to determine the effect of probiotic bacteria on the expression of growth-related genes Rel A, IKB, and Casp3 in HT29 colon cancer cells Methods & Materials In this study, the Lactobacillus brevis probiotic bacteria were first cultured, and after the supply of media conditioning, they were treated on HT29 cancer cells. The bacterium’s cytotoxic effect (bacterial T cells) was investigated using a microculture tetrazolium test (MTT). DNA was extracted from the treated cells, and a DNA Ladder assay was performed. Also, the 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) test was performed to show cell apoptosis. After ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction and complementary DNA (cDNA) preparation to determine the mechanism of the effect of this bacterium on cellular signaling, the expression of growth-related genes Rel A, IKB, and Cas3 was measured using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Findings The microculture tetrazolium (MTT) test showed that L. b bacteria inhibit HT29 cells’ proliferation, induce apoptosis in these cells, and inhibit Rel A gene proliferation by increasing IKB gene expression. Also, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and DNA ladder assay following the treatment of HT29 cells regarding the mentioned bacteria showed qualitative changes in cell apoptosis. In addition, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results showed that L. b increased Casp3 gene expression in HT29 colon cancer cells (P=0.038). Conclusion Our findings indicate that L. b stimulates the apoptotic cell signaling pathway in HT29 colon cancer cells. It can be used as a new treatment strategy or therapy for colon cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130924633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.3.3775.1
Farida Sadeghi Fazel, A. R. Lamir, Rambod Khajeie, A. Safipour Afshar
Aims Coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of mortality in modern societies. The disease is associated with the lack of physical activity and the expression of some genes involved in blood cholesterol transportation. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporters G5/G8) ABCG5 and ABCG8) is the expression of adenosine triphosphate-dependent box protein genes 5 and 8, a member of the ABC transporter family, playing a crucial role in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoproteins metabolism. The action of ABCG5/8 is to remove cholesterol and decrease its toxicity. The increased activity of these two factors may prevent atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic resistance training on ABCG5 and ABCG8 gene expression in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. Methods & Materials The research population included 30 men voluntarily selected and randomly divided into an experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) group. The experimental group performed aerobic resistance training for eight weeks (3 sessions per week) and the control group had no exercise. The blood samples were taken 48 hours before the beginning of the first training session and 48 hours after the last training session while all subjects were fasting. Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to measure the expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes. To analyze the data, independent and paired t tests were used at the significant level of 0.05 in SPSS software, version 21. Findings The present study results showed that the aerobic resistance training group experienced a significant increase in the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes as a result of eight weeks of aerobic resistance training compared to the control group. Conclusion Based on the findings of the present study, it is possible to suggest that aerobic resistance training increases the expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes, and improves the cholesterol transportation process, which may improve recovery of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients and prevent cardiovascular diseases.
{"title":"The Effect of Combined Training on ABCG5 and ABCG8 in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients","authors":"Farida Sadeghi Fazel, A. R. Lamir, Rambod Khajeie, A. Safipour Afshar","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.3.3775.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.3.3775.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of mortality in modern societies. The disease is associated with the lack of physical activity and the expression of some genes involved in blood cholesterol transportation. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporters G5/G8) ABCG5 and ABCG8) is the expression of adenosine triphosphate-dependent box protein genes 5 and 8, a member of the ABC transporter family, playing a crucial role in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoproteins metabolism. The action of ABCG5/8 is to remove cholesterol and decrease its toxicity. The increased activity of these two factors may prevent atherosclerosis. This study aims to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic resistance training on ABCG5 and ABCG8 gene expression in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. Methods & Materials The research population included 30 men voluntarily selected and randomly divided into an experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) group. The experimental group performed aerobic resistance training for eight weeks (3 sessions per week) and the control group had no exercise. The blood samples were taken 48 hours before the beginning of the first training session and 48 hours after the last training session while all subjects were fasting. Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to measure the expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes. To analyze the data, independent and paired t tests were used at the significant level of 0.05 in SPSS software, version 21. Findings The present study results showed that the aerobic resistance training group experienced a significant increase in the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes as a result of eight weeks of aerobic resistance training compared to the control group. Conclusion Based on the findings of the present study, it is possible to suggest that aerobic resistance training increases the expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 genes, and improves the cholesterol transportation process, which may improve recovery of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients and prevent cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128003154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.3.3755.1
Mona Soheilian-Khorzoghi, M. Rostami-Nejad, A. Haddadi, A. Yadegar, H. Dabiri
Aims Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disease triggered by gluten and other environmental factors, such as intestinal microbiota in genetically predisposed persons. This study aimed to evaluate the composition of the target gut microbiota population in patients with CD and to compare it with healthy individuals. Methods & Materials In this case-control study, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were evaluated in the fecal samples of 20 celiac patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) with 20 healthy individuals referred to the Celiac Disease Department, Tehran, Iran, from August 2019 to February 2020. Microbial DNA extracted from fecal samples was evaluated by specific primer pairs using the real-time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. Findings The results of the demographic information of participants regarding the gender and the mean age as well as the Marsh classification showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The comparison of intestinal microbiota between the two study groups revealed that the rate of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. was significantly lower in celiac patients compared to the control group. Conclusion The results of this study confirmed the dysbiosis in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects. In addition, changes in the gut microbiome may contribute to the pathogenesis of the CD.
目的乳糜泻(CD)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病，由麸质和其他环境因素引发，如遗传易感人群的肠道微生物群。本研究旨在评估乳糜泻患者目标肠道菌群的组成，并将其与健康个体进行比较。方法与材料在这项病例对照研究中，对2019年8月至2020年2月在伊朗德黑兰乳糜泻科就诊的20名无麸质饮食(GFD)乳糜泻患者的粪便样本中的双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌进行了评估。采用实时聚合酶链反应(real-time polymerase chain reaction, PCR)技术，对从粪便样品中提取的微生物DNA进行特异性引物对鉴定。采用IBM SPSS Statistics version 21进行统计分析。结果两组参与者的性别、平均年龄、Marsh分类等人口学信息比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两个研究组的肠道菌群比较显示，乳糜泻患者的双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的比例明显低于对照组。结论本研究结果证实了乳糜泻患者与健康人相比存在生态失调。此外，肠道微生物组的变化可能与乳糜泻的发病机制有关。
{"title":"Comparison of the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Population in Fecal Microbiome of Celiac Disease Patients on Gluten-Free Diet With Healthy Subjects","authors":"Mona Soheilian-Khorzoghi, M. Rostami-Nejad, A. Haddadi, A. Yadegar, H. Dabiri","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.3.3755.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.3.3755.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disease triggered by gluten and other environmental factors, such as intestinal microbiota in genetically predisposed persons. This study aimed to evaluate the composition of the target gut microbiota population in patients with CD and to compare it with healthy individuals. Methods & Materials In this case-control study, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were evaluated in the fecal samples of 20 celiac patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) with 20 healthy individuals referred to the Celiac Disease Department, Tehran, Iran, from August 2019 to February 2020. Microbial DNA extracted from fecal samples was evaluated by specific primer pairs using the real-time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21. Findings The results of the demographic information of participants regarding the gender and the mean age as well as the Marsh classification showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The comparison of intestinal microbiota between the two study groups revealed that the rate of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. was significantly lower in celiac patients compared to the control group. Conclusion The results of this study confirmed the dysbiosis in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects. In addition, changes in the gut microbiome may contribute to the pathogenesis of the CD.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127559737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.2.3686.1
Erfan Pourshahri, Nasim Khajavian, J. Bazeli, L. Sadeghmoghadam
Aims Despite various government measures, control of COVID-19 requires immediate action, including vaccine production. Given the role of vaccine acceptance factors in future planning, this study aimed to unfold the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Gonabad. Methods & Materials This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 292 people in Gonabad city, Iran, in 2021. The random multi-stage sampling method was used to select two groups of samples: Vaccinated and unvaccinated. The data collection tool consisted of a demographic checklist and a researcher-made questionnaire on the reasons for accepting or rejecting the COVID-19 vaccination. Data were collected by telephone and analyzed by SPSS software, version 23 using mean, standard deviation, and the Chi-square test at a significance level of less than 0.05. Findings Most of the research participants were women (51%). The Mean±SD age of the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups was 57.55±12.24 and 55.38±41.1 years, respectively. Two factors of living with people at risk (88.5%) and respect for the rights of others (80.9%) were the most important reasons for accepting and worrying about the side effects of the vaccine (63%). Worrying about the content and lack of knowledge about the effectiveness of the vaccine (45.3%) were mentioned as the most important reasons for not accepting the COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion Considering the importance of two factors, including the concern about the side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine and concern about the content and ineffectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in rejecting COVID-19 vaccine, increasing public awareness and knowledge about the effectiveness of vaccines in the country seems necessary to plan and invest on a large scale in the country through reliable sources as well as efforts to reduce the fear of the consequences of vaccination.
{"title":"Factors Related to the Acceptance and Rejection of COVID-19 Vaccination","authors":"Erfan Pourshahri, Nasim Khajavian, J. Bazeli, L. Sadeghmoghadam","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.2.3686.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.2.3686.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Despite various government measures, control of COVID-19 requires immediate action, including vaccine production. Given the role of vaccine acceptance factors in future planning, this study aimed to unfold the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Gonabad. Methods & Materials This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 292 people in Gonabad city, Iran, in 2021. The random multi-stage sampling method was used to select two groups of samples: Vaccinated and unvaccinated. The data collection tool consisted of a demographic checklist and a researcher-made questionnaire on the reasons for accepting or rejecting the COVID-19 vaccination. Data were collected by telephone and analyzed by SPSS software, version 23 using mean, standard deviation, and the Chi-square test at a significance level of less than 0.05. Findings Most of the research participants were women (51%). The Mean±SD age of the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups was 57.55±12.24 and 55.38±41.1 years, respectively. Two factors of living with people at risk (88.5%) and respect for the rights of others (80.9%) were the most important reasons for accepting and worrying about the side effects of the vaccine (63%). Worrying about the content and lack of knowledge about the effectiveness of the vaccine (45.3%) were mentioned as the most important reasons for not accepting the COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion Considering the importance of two factors, including the concern about the side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine and concern about the content and ineffectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in rejecting COVID-19 vaccine, increasing public awareness and knowledge about the effectiveness of vaccines in the country seems necessary to plan and invest on a large scale in the country through reliable sources as well as efforts to reduce the fear of the consequences of vaccination.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117285099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.32598/hms.28.2.3581.1
M. Emkani, M. Jafari, Zahra Mafakheri Lale, A. Tabrizi
Aims Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common in farmers due to the high workload in agriculture. Because several factors, such as physical, personal, and psychological factors in saffron harvesters can influence persons’ physical conditions and expose them to the risk of MSDs, the present study aimed to investigate muscle fatigue and determine the prevalence of MSDs and related factors among Gonabad saffron harvesters. Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was performed on 84 saffron harvesters in Gonabad city, Iran. Data collection tools included a standard Nordic questionnaire to assess the prevalence of MSDs and the muscle fatigue assessment (MFA) method to assess body muscle fatigue. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 20. Findings The prevalence of MSDs in saffron harvesters in the shoulder, wrist, ankle, upper back, lower back, elbow, neck, thigh, and knee was 91.7, 90.5, 92.9, 8.48, 50, 88.1, 15.5, 50, and 47.6%, respectively. The results of the MFA evaluation also showed that the risk of muscle fatigue in the neck, right wrist, and right arm is very high in 98.8%, 49.4%, and 36.5% of employees, respectively. There was a significant relationship between MSDs in the past 12 months and age, sex, medical history, and working hours, and between muscle fatigue and age, smoking, and exercise (P<0.05). Conclusion The highest prevalence of symptoms of MSDs was in the shoulder, wrist, and ankle areas. Due to the significant prevalence of MSDs among saffron harvesters, it is necessary to consider ergonomic interventions, soft movements at regular intervals, and raising awareness in the form of educational programs.
{"title":"Evaluation of Muscle Fatigue and Determination of Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Saffron Harvesters in Gonabad in 2017","authors":"M. Emkani, M. Jafari, Zahra Mafakheri Lale, A. Tabrizi","doi":"10.32598/hms.28.2.3581.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/hms.28.2.3581.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aims Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common in farmers due to the high workload in agriculture. Because several factors, such as physical, personal, and psychological factors in saffron harvesters can influence persons’ physical conditions and expose them to the risk of MSDs, the present study aimed to investigate muscle fatigue and determine the prevalence of MSDs and related factors among Gonabad saffron harvesters. Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was performed on 84 saffron harvesters in Gonabad city, Iran. Data collection tools included a standard Nordic questionnaire to assess the prevalence of MSDs and the muscle fatigue assessment (MFA) method to assess body muscle fatigue. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 20. Findings The prevalence of MSDs in saffron harvesters in the shoulder, wrist, ankle, upper back, lower back, elbow, neck, thigh, and knee was 91.7, 90.5, 92.9, 8.48, 50, 88.1, 15.5, 50, and 47.6%, respectively. The results of the MFA evaluation also showed that the risk of muscle fatigue in the neck, right wrist, and right arm is very high in 98.8%, 49.4%, and 36.5% of employees, respectively. There was a significant relationship between MSDs in the past 12 months and age, sex, medical history, and working hours, and between muscle fatigue and age, smoking, and exercise (P<0.05). Conclusion The highest prevalence of symptoms of MSDs was in the shoulder, wrist, and ankle areas. Due to the significant prevalence of MSDs among saffron harvesters, it is necessary to consider ergonomic interventions, soft movements at regular intervals, and raising awareness in the form of educational programs.","PeriodicalId":316437,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123518868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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