Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v5i1.24777
Ismartoyo Ismartoyo, R. Islamiyati, Muhammad Rusdy
The aim of this research was to examine the feed rumen fermentation in the rumen of goat fed 4 different diets. This study was designed based on the Latin Square Design which consists of 4 diet treatments with 4 replications in each diet treatment. A total of 4 male goats, with relatively the same weight and age, were randomly assigned to an individual metabolic cage fed with 4 diets. The four diets studied were R1: Elephant grass, R2: Mini elephant grass, R3: Panicum maximum grass and R4: Brachiaria decumbens grass. Each diet was added with 20% of rice bran. The result of this experiment indicated that there was no any significant effect of different diets on the pH values, concentrations of VFA (Volatile fatty acids), and Ammonia (NH3) in the rumen of goat. The pH values in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 7.17, 7.12, 7.07, and 7.0, respectively. The concentration of ammonia (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 4.6, 3.3. 4.5, and 4.1, respectively. Whereas the level of VFA (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 40.4, 43.6, 48.7, and 49.9, respectively. There was no any significantly difference (p>0.05) in the characteristic of rumen fermentation between the diet treatment. This might be due to the similarity in the nutrient content of those grasses studied. The characteristic of rumen fermentation was in the range of optimal growth of rumen microbes. It is concluded that those of four grasses studied edible, acceptable and contain a good nutrient as a feed resource for goat. The nutrient content of the grasses studied creates a good rumen environment for optimum feed fermentation in the rumen of goat.
{"title":"Rumen Fermentation of Local Grasses Feed to Native Goat","authors":"Ismartoyo Ismartoyo, R. Islamiyati, Muhammad Rusdy","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v5i1.24777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v5i1.24777","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to examine the feed rumen fermentation in the rumen of goat fed 4 different diets. This study was designed based on the Latin Square Design which consists of 4 diet treatments with 4 replications in each diet treatment. A total of 4 male goats, with relatively the same weight and age, were randomly assigned to an individual metabolic cage fed with 4 diets. The four diets studied were R1: Elephant grass, R2: Mini elephant grass, R3: Panicum maximum grass and R4: Brachiaria decumbens grass. Each diet was added with 20% of rice bran. The result of this experiment indicated that there was no any significant effect of different diets on the pH values, concentrations of VFA (Volatile fatty acids), and Ammonia (NH3) in the rumen of goat. The pH values in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 7.17, 7.12, 7.07, and 7.0, respectively. The concentration of ammonia (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 4.6, 3.3. 4.5, and 4.1, respectively. Whereas the level of VFA (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 40.4, 43.6, 48.7, and 49.9, respectively. There was no any significantly difference (p>0.05) in the characteristic of rumen fermentation between the diet treatment. This might be due to the similarity in the nutrient content of those grasses studied. The characteristic of rumen fermentation was in the range of optimal growth of rumen microbes. It is concluded that those of four grasses studied edible, acceptable and contain a good nutrient as a feed resource for goat. The nutrient content of the grasses studied creates a good rumen environment for optimum feed fermentation in the rumen of goat. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"47 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139796872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v5i1.24777
Ismartoyo Ismartoyo, R. Islamiyati, Muhammad Rusdy
The aim of this research was to examine the feed rumen fermentation in the rumen of goat fed 4 different diets. This study was designed based on the Latin Square Design which consists of 4 diet treatments with 4 replications in each diet treatment. A total of 4 male goats, with relatively the same weight and age, were randomly assigned to an individual metabolic cage fed with 4 diets. The four diets studied were R1: Elephant grass, R2: Mini elephant grass, R3: Panicum maximum grass and R4: Brachiaria decumbens grass. Each diet was added with 20% of rice bran. The result of this experiment indicated that there was no any significant effect of different diets on the pH values, concentrations of VFA (Volatile fatty acids), and Ammonia (NH3) in the rumen of goat. The pH values in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 7.17, 7.12, 7.07, and 7.0, respectively. The concentration of ammonia (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 4.6, 3.3. 4.5, and 4.1, respectively. Whereas the level of VFA (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 40.4, 43.6, 48.7, and 49.9, respectively. There was no any significantly difference (p>0.05) in the characteristic of rumen fermentation between the diet treatment. This might be due to the similarity in the nutrient content of those grasses studied. The characteristic of rumen fermentation was in the range of optimal growth of rumen microbes. It is concluded that those of four grasses studied edible, acceptable and contain a good nutrient as a feed resource for goat. The nutrient content of the grasses studied creates a good rumen environment for optimum feed fermentation in the rumen of goat.
{"title":"Rumen Fermentation of Local Grasses Feed to Native Goat","authors":"Ismartoyo Ismartoyo, R. Islamiyati, Muhammad Rusdy","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v5i1.24777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v5i1.24777","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to examine the feed rumen fermentation in the rumen of goat fed 4 different diets. This study was designed based on the Latin Square Design which consists of 4 diet treatments with 4 replications in each diet treatment. A total of 4 male goats, with relatively the same weight and age, were randomly assigned to an individual metabolic cage fed with 4 diets. The four diets studied were R1: Elephant grass, R2: Mini elephant grass, R3: Panicum maximum grass and R4: Brachiaria decumbens grass. Each diet was added with 20% of rice bran. The result of this experiment indicated that there was no any significant effect of different diets on the pH values, concentrations of VFA (Volatile fatty acids), and Ammonia (NH3) in the rumen of goat. The pH values in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 7.17, 7.12, 7.07, and 7.0, respectively. The concentration of ammonia (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 4.6, 3.3. 4.5, and 4.1, respectively. Whereas the level of VFA (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 40.4, 43.6, 48.7, and 49.9, respectively. There was no any significantly difference (p>0.05) in the characteristic of rumen fermentation between the diet treatment. This might be due to the similarity in the nutrient content of those grasses studied. The characteristic of rumen fermentation was in the range of optimal growth of rumen microbes. It is concluded that those of four grasses studied edible, acceptable and contain a good nutrient as a feed resource for goat. The nutrient content of the grasses studied creates a good rumen environment for optimum feed fermentation in the rumen of goat. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"73 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-16DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v4i2.21798
Zulkharnaim Maupa, S. Baco, L. Rahim, Muhammad Yusuf
The phenomenon of polled on Bali cattle should have a scientific explanation that explains the validity of the breed. Whether polled Bali cattle still have a genetic relationship with horned Bali cattle or are the results of crosses with other cattle breeds. This study used microsatellite markers to identified the genetic diversity and relationship between polled and horned in Bali cattle. The number of samples of 40 polled Bali cattle and 189 Bali horned cattle. The age of the study sample was 2.5 - 3.5 years. Research data analysis includes: genotype and allele frequencies, Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium analyze, observed and expected heterozygosity values, and polymorphic informative content. Polled Bali cattle have similar morphological and genetic characteristics with horned Bali cattle based on HEL9, INRA035, ILSTS045, and HEL13 microsatellite. HEL9, INRA035, ILSTS045, and HEL13 microsatellite can be a genetic marker for polled Bali cattle.
{"title":"Level of DNA similarity the horned and polled Bali Cattle Using Microsatellite approach","authors":"Zulkharnaim Maupa, S. Baco, L. Rahim, Muhammad Yusuf","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v4i2.21798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v4i2.21798","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of polled on Bali cattle should have a scientific explanation that explains the validity of the breed. Whether polled Bali cattle still have a genetic relationship with horned Bali cattle or are the results of crosses with other cattle breeds. This study used microsatellite markers to identified the genetic diversity and relationship between polled and horned in Bali cattle. The number of samples of 40 polled Bali cattle and 189 Bali horned cattle. The age of the study sample was 2.5 - 3.5 years. Research data analysis includes: genotype and allele frequencies, Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium analyze, observed and expected heterozygosity values, and polymorphic informative content. Polled Bali cattle have similar morphological and genetic characteristics with horned Bali cattle based on HEL9, INRA035, ILSTS045, and HEL13 microsatellite. HEL9, INRA035, ILSTS045, and HEL13 microsatellite can be a genetic marker for polled Bali cattle.","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129982139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v4i2.19278
Fadly Fadly, S. Syahrir, R. Islamiyati
A common method used to improve the nutritional quality of feed is by fermentation method. The working principle is that fermentation activates the growth and metabolism of microorganism so that it can increase the digestibility of feed and produce the preferred aroma of livestock. This study aims to find out the effect of giving fermented sago waste on the consumption and digestibility of goat and cattle. Two feed treatments were tested on 12 goats. The results showed that the consumption and digestibility value of Dry Matter (DM) and Crude Protein (CP) showed no noticeable difference in goat cattle. The study concluded that complete feed-based fermented sago waste did not affect the consumption and digestibility of CP and DM of goat. Keywords: Sago waste, completed feed, consumption, digestion, dry matter, crude protein
{"title":"Complete Feed Based on Fermented Sago Waste Against the Consumption and Digestion of Goat","authors":"Fadly Fadly, S. Syahrir, R. Islamiyati","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v4i2.19278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v4i2.19278","url":null,"abstract":"A common method used to improve the nutritional quality of feed is by fermentation method. The working principle is that fermentation activates the growth and metabolism of microorganism so that it can increase the digestibility of feed and produce the preferred aroma of livestock. This study aims to find out the effect of giving fermented sago waste on the consumption and digestibility of goat and cattle. Two feed treatments were tested on 12 goats. The results showed that the consumption and digestibility value of Dry Matter (DM) and Crude Protein (CP) showed no noticeable difference in goat cattle. The study concluded that complete feed-based fermented sago waste did not affect the consumption and digestibility of CP and DM of goat.\u0000Keywords: Sago waste, completed feed, consumption, digestion, dry matter, crude protein","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121715827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-22DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v4i2.23351
Kirana Dara Dinanti Adiputra, Sukandi Sukandi, Siti Farida, H. Sonjaya, H. Hasbi
In increasing the population of bulls in Indonesia, it is necessary to utilize Artificial Insemination (AI) technology. AI reproductive technology aims to increase reproductive efficiency and use superior semen in livestock and can prevent the spread of reproductive diseases. Frozen semen is one of the factors that influence the success of AI. Thus, the quality of frozen semen must be maintained so fertility remains good. This study aimed to determine the quality of frozen semen of Bali and Simmental bulls at the Artificial Insemination Center, South Sulawesi. This study used frozen semen from two Bali and Simmental bulls. Parameters observed were progressive motility, deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation (DNA), acrosome status, and intact plasma membrane. The progressive motility was tested using Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA Sperm Vision Minitube), the DNA fragmentation using acridine orange dye, the acrosome status using peanut agglutinin, and the intact plasma membrane staining using HOS solution. This study gives a result that the progressive motility, DNA fragmentation, and acrosome status of spermatozoa in frozen semen of Bali and Simmental bulls were not significantly different (P>0.05). In contrast, the whole plasma membrane of spermatozoa in Bali bulls' frozen semen was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in Simmental bulls. The results indicate that based on the parameters of progressive motility, DNA fragmentation, and acrosome status of spermatozoa, both bull breeds had the same quality of frozen semen. Meanwhile, according to the spermatozoa intact plasma membrane, the frozen semen of Bali bulls had better quality than that of Simmental bulls. Keywords: Artificial Insemination, frozen semen quality, Bali and Simmental bulls
{"title":"Progressive Motility, DNA Fragmentation, Intact Plasma Membrane, and Acrosome Status of Frozen Semen Bali and Simmental Bulls","authors":"Kirana Dara Dinanti Adiputra, Sukandi Sukandi, Siti Farida, H. Sonjaya, H. Hasbi","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v4i2.23351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v4i2.23351","url":null,"abstract":"In increasing the population of bulls in Indonesia, it is necessary to utilize Artificial Insemination (AI) technology. AI reproductive technology aims to increase reproductive efficiency and use superior semen in livestock and can prevent the spread of reproductive diseases. Frozen semen is one of the factors that influence the success of AI. Thus, the quality of frozen semen must be maintained so fertility remains good. This study aimed to determine the quality of frozen semen of Bali and Simmental bulls at the Artificial Insemination Center, South Sulawesi. This study used frozen semen from two Bali and Simmental bulls. Parameters observed were progressive motility, deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation (DNA), acrosome status, and intact plasma membrane. The progressive motility was tested using Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA Sperm Vision Minitube), the DNA fragmentation using acridine orange dye, the acrosome status using peanut agglutinin, and the intact plasma membrane staining using HOS solution. This study gives a result that the progressive motility, DNA fragmentation, and acrosome status of spermatozoa in frozen semen of Bali and Simmental bulls were not significantly different (P>0.05). In contrast, the whole plasma membrane of spermatozoa in Bali bulls' frozen semen was significantly higher (P<0.05) than in Simmental bulls. The results indicate that based on the parameters of progressive motility, DNA fragmentation, and acrosome status of spermatozoa, both bull breeds had the same quality of frozen semen. Meanwhile, according to the spermatozoa intact plasma membrane, the frozen semen of Bali bulls had better quality than that of Simmental bulls.\u0000Keywords: Artificial Insemination, frozen semen quality, Bali and Simmental bulls","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123923266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v4i2.20268
T. A. Kusumastuti, R. Widiati
Broiler has now developed a pattern of partnership. This study aims to determine the characteristics of farmers, businesses, and the availability of production input in broiler partnerships. The research was conducted in Sleman Regency. Location in 3 sub-districts i.e. Pakem, Cangkringan, and Ngemplak. The number of samples of 64 respondents and the core of 5 companies was performed by the purposive method. The analysis was carried out descriptively and the results of the analysis were written in tabular form. The results showed that farmers belonged to the productive age (45 years), education senior high school (43.42%), experience (11.15 years), and basic work as farmers. The business scale was 6014 heads/ period with a maintenance period of 35-36 days/periods/year. The maintenance system was an open house (81.58%). In the partnership agreement, the availability, amount, and price of input come from the core. A relationship between business characteristics and the provision of production inputs in the broiler partnership pattern and the results were still not optimal. The improvement and review of contents of the contract need to be reviewed to generate benefits and justice. Keywords: broiler, production input, partnership system
{"title":"Availability of Production Inputs in Broiler Partnership In Sleman Regency Yogyakarta","authors":"T. A. Kusumastuti, R. Widiati","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v4i2.20268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v4i2.20268","url":null,"abstract":"Broiler has now developed a pattern of partnership. This study aims to determine the characteristics of farmers, businesses, and the availability of production input in broiler partnerships. The research was conducted in Sleman Regency. Location in 3 sub-districts i.e. Pakem, Cangkringan, and Ngemplak. The number of samples of 64 respondents and the core of 5 companies was performed by the purposive method. The analysis was carried out descriptively and the results of the analysis were written in tabular form. The results showed that farmers belonged to the productive age (45 years), education senior high school (43.42%), experience (11.15 years), and basic work as farmers. The business scale was 6014 heads/ period with a maintenance period of 35-36 days/periods/year. The maintenance system was an open house (81.58%). In the partnership agreement, the availability, amount, and price of input come from the core. A relationship between business characteristics and the provision of production inputs in the broiler partnership pattern and the results were still not optimal. The improvement and review of contents of the contract need to be reviewed to generate benefits and justice.\u0000Keywords: broiler, production input, partnership system","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125113023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-07DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v4i2.21903
Sulmiyati Natsir, G. Malelak
Soft cheese Suspesi is a soft cheese to which biduri leaf extract is added as a coagulant. There is no research on the color, hardness, and content of tannins contained in soft cheese suspesi. The purpose of this research was to analyze and evaluate the hardness, color *L, *a, *b, and tannin content with the addition of biduri leaf extract at levels of 3% and 5% in soft cheese suspesi. This research used a completely randomized design with two treatments with six replications. A1= Biduri leaf extract level 3% (v/v), A2= Biduri leaf extract level 5% (v/v). Data on hardness, color, and tannin content were analyzed by Independent T-Test. The results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in the hardness, color *L, and tannin content. Color *a and color *b did not show a significant difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, the levels of added biduri leaf extract gave different levels of hardness, color *L, *a, *b, and tannin content in the soft cheese suspesi. The characteristics of the soft cheese suspesi increased in terms of hardness, color *L, *a, *b, and tannin content in line with the level of added biduri leaf extract.
{"title":"Evaluation of Color, Hardness, and Tannin Content of Soft Cheese with Biduri Leaf Extract Level","authors":"Sulmiyati Natsir, G. Malelak","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v4i2.21903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v4i2.21903","url":null,"abstract":"Soft cheese Suspesi is a soft cheese to which biduri leaf extract is added as a coagulant. There is no research on the color, hardness, and content of tannins contained in soft cheese suspesi. The purpose of this research was to analyze and evaluate the hardness, color *L, *a, *b, and tannin content with the addition of biduri leaf extract at levels of 3% and 5% in soft cheese suspesi. This research used a completely randomized design with two treatments with six replications. A1= Biduri leaf extract level 3% (v/v), A2= Biduri leaf extract level 5% (v/v). Data on hardness, color, and tannin content were analyzed by Independent T-Test. The results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in the hardness, color *L, and tannin content. Color *a and color *b did not show a significant difference (P>0.05). In conclusion, the levels of added biduri leaf extract gave different levels of hardness, color *L, *a, *b, and tannin content in the soft cheese suspesi. The characteristics of the soft cheese suspesi increased in terms of hardness, color *L, *a, *b, and tannin content in line with the level of added biduri leaf extract.","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133955834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-06DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v4i2.20995
Mutmainna Mutmainna, S. Baco, H. Hasbi
Livestock is one of the agricultural sectors that plays an important role in providing animal products. Cows are one of the largest meat and dairy producers. The low reproductive efficiency of cattle is the biggest problem in terms of its development. Increasing reproductive efficiency through artificial insemination programs is one way to enhance livestock populations. Reproductive efficiency parameters can be measured through values of Service per Conception (S/C) and Conception Rate (CR). Service per conception and conception rate are related to cows parity. Parity is the number of calf that have been born to a cow. This study aimed to provide information on reproductive efficiency as seen from the value of S/C and CR of cows in different parieties and the factors that influence them. High rates of parity followed by high S/C score and low CR. Each animal has various values of S/C and CR. The normal range for S/C is 1.6-2.0 and 60% in CR. Several factors that affect reproductive efficiency are environment, nutrition, Body Condition Score (BCS), knowledge of farmers, inseminator skills and quality of semen used. The highest service per conception (S/C) value was at parity 5 with aged ± 7 years and the conception rate (CR) was at parity 3 aged ± 5 years.Keywords: should be written in no more than 5 (five) words or phrases.
{"title":"Reproductive Efficiency of Cows in Different Parity","authors":"Mutmainna Mutmainna, S. Baco, H. Hasbi","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v4i2.20995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v4i2.20995","url":null,"abstract":"Livestock is one of the agricultural sectors that plays an important role in providing animal products. Cows are one of the largest meat and dairy producers. The low reproductive efficiency of cattle is the biggest problem in terms of its development. Increasing reproductive efficiency through artificial insemination programs is one way to enhance livestock populations. Reproductive efficiency parameters can be measured through values of Service per Conception (S/C) and Conception Rate (CR). Service per conception and conception rate are related to cows parity. Parity is the number of calf that have been born to a cow. This study aimed to provide information on reproductive efficiency as seen from the value of S/C and CR of cows in different parieties and the factors that influence them. High rates of parity followed by high S/C score and low CR. Each animal has various values of S/C and CR. The normal range for S/C is 1.6-2.0 and 60% in CR. Several factors that affect reproductive efficiency are environment, nutrition, Body Condition Score (BCS), knowledge of farmers, inseminator skills and quality of semen used. The highest service per conception (S/C) value was at parity 5 with aged ± 7 years and the conception rate (CR) was at parity 3 aged ± 5 years.Keywords: should be written in no more than 5 (five) words or phrases.","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121427514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v4i2.22097
Suliman Mohamed Yousof Sadam, R. Malaka, S. Baco, J. Mustabi
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the main secondary metabolites of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) framed in the liver and discharged into milk when people and animals polish off AFB1-polluted food. The persist from feed to milk in dairy cows is affected by different dietary and physiological elements, including taking care of regimens, rate of ingestion, rate of absorption, animal health, hepatic biotransformation limit, and real milk production of the animals. AFM1 exposure might cause both intense and constant toxicity. In humans, AFM1 exposure is related with cancer-causing nature, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity. In dairy animals, persistent openness to AFs can decrease execution, debilitate liver capability, compromise invulnerable capability, and increment sickness susceptibility. AFM1 openness represents a worry for the worldwide populace, especially for babies and youngsters who drink milk in bounteous amounts and thus, are more powerless to unfavorable impacts. The identification and quantification of AFs represents a critical test in food handling confirmation, since even a low AF concentration is hazardous for people and domesticated animals. Consistent human openness through dietary courses has prompted the burden of most extreme cut off points for AFM1 in milk and dairy products, taking into account that this is a gathering of products with exorbitant premium, particularly for babies and youngsters. Likewise, as per different examinations it is additionally very much felt that youthful animals are additionally observed to be more vulnerable to aflatoxin than grown-ups. Consequently; the defilement of cow milk and milk products by AFM1 ought to be perceived as unfortunate for youthful human and animals. Thus, the point of this paper is to review the occurrence of aflatoxin and its adverse results on animals and human health over the time.
{"title":"Aflatoxin M1 in Milk: Occurrence and Its Risk Association: A Review","authors":"Suliman Mohamed Yousof Sadam, R. Malaka, S. Baco, J. Mustabi","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v4i2.22097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v4i2.22097","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the main secondary metabolites of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) framed in the liver and discharged into milk when people and animals polish off AFB1-polluted food. The persist from feed to milk in dairy cows is affected by different dietary and physiological elements, including taking care of regimens, rate of ingestion, rate of absorption, animal health, hepatic biotransformation limit, and real milk production of the animals. AFM1 exposure might cause both intense and constant toxicity. In humans, AFM1 exposure is related with cancer-causing nature, genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity. In dairy animals, persistent openness to AFs can decrease execution, debilitate liver capability, compromise invulnerable capability, and increment sickness susceptibility. AFM1 openness represents a worry for the worldwide populace, especially for babies and youngsters who drink milk in bounteous amounts and thus, are more powerless to unfavorable impacts. The identification and quantification of AFs represents a critical test in food handling confirmation, since even a low AF concentration is hazardous for people and domesticated animals. Consistent human openness through dietary courses has prompted the burden of most extreme cut off points for AFM1 in milk and dairy products, taking into account that this is a gathering of products with exorbitant premium, particularly for babies and youngsters. Likewise, as per different examinations it is additionally very much felt that youthful animals are additionally observed to be more vulnerable to aflatoxin than grown-ups. Consequently; the defilement of cow milk and milk products by AFM1 ought to be perceived as unfortunate for youthful human and animals. Thus, the point of this paper is to review the occurrence of aflatoxin and its adverse results on animals and human health over the time.","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"41 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120874165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-25DOI: 10.20956/hajas.v4i1.19439
Nur Eni Nur, A. Toleng, M. Yusuf
The process of sexing spermatozoa requires a medium that is able to protect and provide an optimal environment. One of them is extender media that is used to extend the volume of semen. The extender that is commonly used is commercially but some limitation such as price and availability. Therefore, it is necessary to have an alternative extender such as soybean. The aim of this study was to know the quality of sexed sperms diluted using soybean extender. Semen of Bali bull was collected for five times and then subjected to three different extender treatments after sexing; T1 (Soybean), T2 (Tris), T3 (Tris-soybean), and T0 (Fresh semen-tris) was used as control before sexing. The parameters observed were the quality of fresh semen and after sexing. The results of the study showed that the characteristic of Bali bull fresh semen macroscopically in this study was 4.75 mL in volume, cream color, distinctive odor, pH 6.6, moderate consistency, and microscopically motility, viability, abnormality, and concentration were 94.22%, 96.06% 4.89, and 1596×106, respectively. Motility and viability after sexing were significantly (P<0.05) decrease in comparison to the fresh semen (T0) at each treatment both top and bottom layers. In conclusion, the smallest decreased of the sperms motility and viability were still greater than 50%. Different extenders as one of the treatments in the present study did not showing different motility and viability of the sperms. This suggests that the use of tris and soybean or their combination can be used as semen extender for Bali bull sexed semen. Keywords: Soy extender, Bali bull, sexing, motility, viability.
{"title":"The Quality of Bali Bull Sexed Sperm Using Soybean Extract Extender","authors":"Nur Eni Nur, A. Toleng, M. Yusuf","doi":"10.20956/hajas.v4i1.19439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20956/hajas.v4i1.19439","url":null,"abstract":"The process of sexing spermatozoa requires a medium that is able to protect and provide an optimal environment. One of them is extender media that is used to extend the volume of semen. The extender that is commonly used is commercially but some limitation such as price and availability. Therefore, it is necessary to have an alternative extender such as soybean. The aim of this study was to know the quality of sexed sperms diluted using soybean extender. Semen of Bali bull was collected for five times and then subjected to three different extender treatments after sexing; T1 (Soybean), T2 (Tris), T3 (Tris-soybean), and T0 (Fresh semen-tris) was used as control before sexing. The parameters observed were the quality of fresh semen and after sexing. The results of the study showed that the characteristic of Bali bull fresh semen macroscopically in this study was 4.75 mL in volume, cream color, distinctive odor, pH 6.6, moderate consistency, and microscopically motility, viability, abnormality, and concentration were 94.22%, 96.06% 4.89, and 1596×106, respectively. Motility and viability after sexing were significantly (P<0.05) decrease in comparison to the fresh semen (T0) at each treatment both top and bottom layers. In conclusion, the smallest decreased of the sperms motility and viability were still greater than 50%. Different extenders as one of the treatments in the present study did not showing different motility and viability of the sperms. This suggests that the use of tris and soybean or their combination can be used as semen extender for Bali bull sexed semen.\u0000Keywords: Soy extender, Bali bull, sexing, motility, viability.","PeriodicalId":317640,"journal":{"name":"Hasanuddin Journal of Animal Science (HAJAS)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125849763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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