Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685088
H. Dierks, J. Tapken
The authors demonstrate the usage of a formal description technique for real-time systems called PLC-Automaton by applying this method to a real-world case study. To this end they use the tool which was built for PLC-Automata. This tool, called MOBY/PLC, provides simulation and verification methods to validate a design. Furthermore, the design can be translated into executable source code for real machines.
{"title":"Tool-supported hierarchical design of distributed real-time systems","authors":"H. Dierks, J. Tapken","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685088","url":null,"abstract":"The authors demonstrate the usage of a formal description technique for real-time systems called PLC-Automaton by applying this method to a real-world case study. To this end they use the tool which was built for PLC-Automata. This tool, called MOBY/PLC, provides simulation and verification methods to validate a design. Furthermore, the design can be translated into executable source code for real machines.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127287212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685090
A. Al-Yasiri, C. Bambord
The paper describes an approach to system development based on domain analysis and software architectures. The approach combines developments for reuse and development with reuse together and offers an integrated process which is supported by an interactive tool for modelling and retrieving reusable assets. Reusable objects are identified within narrow application scopes and relationships among them are modelled using generic software architectures.
{"title":"DOOR-an approach for reusing and retrieving domain-oriented components","authors":"A. Al-Yasiri, C. Bambord","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685090","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes an approach to system development based on domain analysis and software architectures. The approach combines developments for reuse and development with reuse together and offers an integrated process which is supported by an interactive tool for modelling and retrieving reusable assets. Reusable objects are identified within narrow application scopes and relationships among them are modelled using generic software architectures.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117100901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685130
E. Olderog
The design of intricate real-time systems typically involves several notations that describe the system at different levels of abstraction. Graphical notations inspired by timing diagrams are helpful at the requirements level, structured automata are common at the design level and dedicated languages are used at the programming level. The question arises how these different notations are linked together in a semantically meaningful way. The author argues that a logic-based approach is making a real contribution.
{"title":"Formal methods in real-time systems","authors":"E. Olderog","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685130","url":null,"abstract":"The design of intricate real-time systems typically involves several notations that describe the system at different levels of abstraction. Graphical notations inspired by timing diagrams are helpful at the requirements level, structured automata are common at the design level and dedicated languages are used at the programming level. The question arises how these different notations are linked together in a semantically meaningful way. The author argues that a logic-based approach is making a real contribution.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126681700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685073
P. Roop, A. Sowmya
Embedded systems are application specific digital systems that are usually designed using a microprocessor, along with a set of programmable hardware and software components. Since these systems are real time in nature, specification of temporal constraints is a key issue. We have recently proposed the CFSMcharts language for component based specification of these systems. However this proposal had no features to specify quantitative temporal constraints that are crucial to embedded system specification. We propose a new model of time, called hidden time, for specification of temporal constraints in CFSMcharts and contrast it with existing schemes. The proposed scheme is hierarchical and hides away the quantitative temporal constraints from the top level specification. This leads to a simpler style for the specification of these constraints and simpler semantics for the top level specification. Another major contribution of the proposed scheme is that properties to be verified can be expressed in propositional temporal logic, whereas all the existing schemes have to use first order temporal logic. We also propose a new temporal logic called Hidden Propositional Temporal Logic (HPTL) as a requirement specification language. HPTL is based on the hidden time model and also supports module name qualifiers, which have applicability in a component based framework. Finally, we propose a scheme for automated verification.
{"title":"Hidden time model for specification and verification of embedded systems","authors":"P. Roop, A. Sowmya","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685073","url":null,"abstract":"Embedded systems are application specific digital systems that are usually designed using a microprocessor, along with a set of programmable hardware and software components. Since these systems are real time in nature, specification of temporal constraints is a key issue. We have recently proposed the CFSMcharts language for component based specification of these systems. However this proposal had no features to specify quantitative temporal constraints that are crucial to embedded system specification. We propose a new model of time, called hidden time, for specification of temporal constraints in CFSMcharts and contrast it with existing schemes. The proposed scheme is hierarchical and hides away the quantitative temporal constraints from the top level specification. This leads to a simpler style for the specification of these constraints and simpler semantics for the top level specification. Another major contribution of the proposed scheme is that properties to be verified can be expressed in propositional temporal logic, whereas all the existing schemes have to use first order temporal logic. We also propose a new temporal logic called Hidden Propositional Temporal Logic (HPTL) as a requirement specification language. HPTL is based on the hidden time model and also supports module name qualifiers, which have applicability in a component based framework. Finally, we propose a scheme for automated verification.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"1678 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129363149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685077
P. Puschner
Real-time system software must be guaranteed to meet the timing constraints demanded by the application. To give such guarantees, the real-time programmer needs detailed feedback about the temporal behavior of the programmed code. The author presents a tool that computes worst-case timing information for real-time programs. The tool, called WCET analyzer (WCET stands for Worst-Case Execution Time), derives an upper bound for the execution time of a given piece of program code and provides detailed information about the worst-case behavior of that code at the programming language level. The author describes the principle of operation of the tool and the results it produces.
{"title":"A tool for high-level language analysis of worst-case execution times","authors":"P. Puschner","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685077","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time system software must be guaranteed to meet the timing constraints demanded by the application. To give such guarantees, the real-time programmer needs detailed feedback about the temporal behavior of the programmed code. The author presents a tool that computes worst-case timing information for real-time programs. The tool, called WCET analyzer (WCET stands for Worst-Case Execution Time), derives an upper bound for the execution time of a given piece of program code and provides detailed information about the worst-case behavior of that code at the programming language level. The author describes the principle of operation of the tool and the results it produces.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130984786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.684927
P. Pulli, T. Pyssysalo, J-P Metsävainio, Olli Komulainen
Advances in multimedia, virtual reality, and immersive environments have expanded human computer interaction beyond text and vision to include touch, gestures, voice and 3D sound. Although there exist well developed single modalities for communication, we do not really understand the general problem of designing integrated multimodal systems. Recent advances in mobile communication based on picocellular technologies allow the transmission of high bandwidth data over personal surrounding networks. We analyse the sources of real time constraints in telepresence and augmented reality applications. We offer an approach to adding aspects of mobility and augmented reality to real time mobile telepresence, discuss the technology and potential future product concept vision, the CyPhone, and depict the general architecture and integration framework briefly. Finally, a survey of relevant telecooperation services are introduced.
{"title":"CyPhone-experimenting mobile real-time telepresence","authors":"P. Pulli, T. Pyssysalo, J-P Metsävainio, Olli Komulainen","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.684927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.684927","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in multimedia, virtual reality, and immersive environments have expanded human computer interaction beyond text and vision to include touch, gestures, voice and 3D sound. Although there exist well developed single modalities for communication, we do not really understand the general problem of designing integrated multimodal systems. Recent advances in mobile communication based on picocellular technologies allow the transmission of high bandwidth data over personal surrounding networks. We analyse the sources of real time constraints in telepresence and augmented reality applications. We offer an approach to adding aspects of mobility and augmented reality to real time mobile telepresence, discuss the technology and potential future product concept vision, the CyPhone, and depict the general architecture and integration framework briefly. Finally, a survey of relevant telecooperation services are introduced.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126555442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685083
Chih-wen Hsueh, Kwei-Jay Lin
Pinwheel scheduling algorithms can be used to produce distance-constrained real-time system schedules where the temporal distance between any two consecutive completions of a task must be less than a pre-defined time interval. A pinwheel schedule can be generated off-line and executed cyclically. Such an approach provides a good predictability and allows for off-line schedule optimization. However, the static approach is inflexible and may require a large space to store the schedule. By taking advantage of the harmonic property between pinwheel task periods, one can generate the pinwheel schedule dynamically at run time in polynomial time and space. In this way, efficient and flexible time-driven schedulers can be implemented. The authors show the algorithms and study the practical issues on implementing on-line pinwheel schedulers.
{"title":"On-line schedulers for pinwheel tasks using the time-driven approach","authors":"Chih-wen Hsueh, Kwei-Jay Lin","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685083","url":null,"abstract":"Pinwheel scheduling algorithms can be used to produce distance-constrained real-time system schedules where the temporal distance between any two consecutive completions of a task must be less than a pre-defined time interval. A pinwheel schedule can be generated off-line and executed cyclically. Such an approach provides a good predictability and allows for off-line schedule optimization. However, the static approach is inflexible and may require a large space to store the schedule. By taking advantage of the harmonic property between pinwheel task periods, one can generate the pinwheel schedule dynamically at run time in polynomial time and space. In this way, efficient and flexible time-driven schedulers can be implemented. The authors show the algorithms and study the practical issues on implementing on-line pinwheel schedulers.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114131055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.684918
Jing Chen, A. Burns
The paper presents an approach to implementing fully asynchronous reader/writer mechanisms which addresses the problems of priority inversion and blocking among tasks within multiprocessor real time systems. The approach is conceived from the concept of process consensus that the writer and the reader come to an agreement on accessing the shared data before proceeding to carry out their respective data operations. Because neither locking operations nor repeated actions of read and check are involved, the shared data can be accessed at any time by the writer and all the readers in a manner not only wait-free but also loop-free. In addition, sharing data via this approach introduces no impact upon either timing behaviour or schedulability of any task in the system. Hence the approach helps to remove priority inversion and blocking incurred by the commonly used lock based synchronization mechanisms.
{"title":"Asynchronous data sharing in multiprocessor real-time systems using process consensus","authors":"Jing Chen, A. Burns","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.684918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.684918","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an approach to implementing fully asynchronous reader/writer mechanisms which addresses the problems of priority inversion and blocking among tasks within multiprocessor real time systems. The approach is conceived from the concept of process consensus that the writer and the reader come to an agreement on accessing the shared data before proceeding to carry out their respective data operations. Because neither locking operations nor repeated actions of read and check are involved, the shared data can be accessed at any time by the writer and all the readers in a manner not only wait-free but also loop-free. In addition, sharing data via this approach introduces no impact upon either timing behaviour or schedulability of any task in the system. Hence the approach helps to remove priority inversion and blocking incurred by the commonly used lock based synchronization mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125975626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685070
J. Leskela
The standardisation of wireless local area network (WLAN) has been active over the past couple of years (1996-98). One of the positive results is the vendor plans of providing IEEE 802.11 conforming product lines. The 802.11 is a compelling platform to also perform time bounded communication if some of its inherent non determinism can be overcome. The paper studies the possibilities of applying the IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC) as the underlying platform in prototyping a wireless low power multihop network. The network is designed to perform a timely update of coordinates, routing and data between augmented reality applications: services embedded in electromechanical products and the users wearing lightweight virtual reality interfaces.
{"title":"Deterministic multihop radio on the top of 802.11 MAC","authors":"J. Leskela","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685070","url":null,"abstract":"The standardisation of wireless local area network (WLAN) has been active over the past couple of years (1996-98). One of the positive results is the vendor plans of providing IEEE 802.11 conforming product lines. The 802.11 is a compelling platform to also perform time bounded communication if some of its inherent non determinism can be overcome. The paper studies the possibilities of applying the IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC) as the underlying platform in prototyping a wireless low power multihop network. The network is designed to perform a timely update of coordinates, routing and data between augmented reality applications: services embedded in electromechanical products and the users wearing lightweight virtual reality interfaces.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127745402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-06-17DOI: 10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685069
C. Ebner
The growing demand for more comfort and safety as well as less energy consumption of vehicles has lead to intractable complexity, wiring harness and high cost of vehicle body electronic systems. To cope with these problems, a time triggered architecture based on TTP/A (time triggered protocol for automotive applications) has been developed. This architecture provides timeliness, predictability, composability and implicit process synchronization. The paper describes the time triggered architecture as the basis for a distributed vehicle light control system in a test stand. In this test environment TTP/A is evaluated with respect to memory requirements, CPU utilization, and response times. The resulting parameters of TTP/A are compared to the parameters of an event triggered system for the same application. The paper shows that a time triggered solution, which provides the advantages mentioned above, can compete with an event triggered system in the area of vehicle body electronics.
{"title":"Efficiency evaluation of a time-triggered architecture for vehicle body-electronics","authors":"C. Ebner","doi":"10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EMWRTS.1998.685069","url":null,"abstract":"The growing demand for more comfort and safety as well as less energy consumption of vehicles has lead to intractable complexity, wiring harness and high cost of vehicle body electronic systems. To cope with these problems, a time triggered architecture based on TTP/A (time triggered protocol for automotive applications) has been developed. This architecture provides timeliness, predictability, composability and implicit process synchronization. The paper describes the time triggered architecture as the basis for a distributed vehicle light control system in a test stand. In this test environment TTP/A is evaluated with respect to memory requirements, CPU utilization, and response times. The resulting parameters of TTP/A are compared to the parameters of an event triggered system for the same application. The paper shows that a time triggered solution, which provides the advantages mentioned above, can compete with an event triggered system in the area of vehicle body electronics.","PeriodicalId":318810,"journal":{"name":"Proceeding. 10th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time Systems (Cat. No.98EX168)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130519751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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