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DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANTI-RISK METHOD OF OPTIMIZING BUSINESS PROCESSES 开发优化业务流程的抗风险方法
Olena Danchenko, Alexander Semko
The introduction of digital transformation projects into the socio-economic management system requires the development of new tools and approaches to information risk management as the main lever of the project's success. In order to solve this problem, the latest scientific achievements in the direction of development and implementation of anti-risk methods for various sectors of the economy were analyzed. This analysis once again confirmed the axiom about the need to manage risks, and today, information risks, which in the era of digitalization are becoming the main problem for many organizations. The purpose of this article is to develop models and an algorithm for the anti-risk method of optimizing business processes in organizations. An anti-risk method of optimizing business processes is proposed, developed on the basis of conceptual and mathematical models of information risk management in projects of digital business transformation. The work demonstrates the concept of the method, the idea of which is the simultaneous analysis of the information risks of the organization, its projects and its environment with the application of uniform countermeasures to them, which leads to a reduction in terms and costs of project implementation. Also given is a mathematical description of the information risk management model in digital business transformation projects, as a manager's toolkit for calculating key project indicators. The proposed anti-risk method of optimizing business processes allows you to eliminate the excessive cost of operations, the time of operations, the inconsistency of actions of participants and take into account information risks. It was concluded that this anti-risk method of optimizing business processes acquires practical significance and value in the process of choosing strategies for further actions in project management.
将数字化转型项目引入社会经济管理系统,需要开发新的信息风险管理工具和方法,作为项目成功的主要杠杆。为了解决这一问题,对经济各部门抗风险方法的发展方向和实施方向的最新科学成果进行了分析。这一分析再次证实了管理风险的必要性,而今天,在数字化时代,信息风险正成为许多组织的主要问题。本文的目的是为优化组织中的业务流程的抗风险方法开发模型和算法。在数字化业务转型项目信息风险管理的概念模型和数学模型的基础上,提出了一种优化业务流程的抗风险方法。该工作展示了该方法的概念,其思想是同时分析组织,其项目及其环境的信息风险,并对其应用统一的对策,从而减少项目实施的条件和成本。还给出了数字业务转型项目中信息风险管理模型的数学描述,作为经理计算关键项目指标的工具包。本文提出的优化业务流程的抗风险方法可以消除操作成本过高、操作时间过长、参与者动作不一致等问题,并考虑信息风险。结论是,这种优化业务流程的抗风险方法在项目管理中选择下一步行动策略的过程中具有现实意义和价值。
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE OF A MEDIATOR IN MANAGING ART PROJECT TEAMS 在美术项目团队管理中调解人的角色
Iryna Rybalko
The paper reviews and analyzes approaches to the formation of project teams. The disadvantages, probability and feasibility of applying each approach to the implementation of art projects are identified. Approaches to team building and parameters for determining well-coordinated teamwork that directly affect its effectiveness are considered and analyzed. Arguments are presented for the expediency of involving a psychology specialist both for the organization as a whole and for the project team during the implementation of a specific project. Arguments are presented for the expediency of involving a mediator in projects of any field and, especially, in art projects. The roles and tasks of psychology and mediation specialists in managing art project teams are clarified in order to analyze the functional similarities and differences in their work. On the basis of this analysis, a matrix of distribution of functions is formed, which determines which of the most common situations in the work on an art project are within the competence of a psychologist, and which require the intervention of a mediator. This analysis proves the need to involve a professional mediation specialist in the implementation of art projects, along with a psychologist, for a more effective outcome in resolving conflicts and disputes, including the settlement of conflicts of interest arising in the process of negotiating and concluding agreements and contracts. This matrix can be used not only for art projects, but also as a useful tool for a project manager in the distribution of functions when engaging a mediator in projects of any kind. Two ways of involving a mediator in an art project are considered: as a full-time employee of the organization and inviting an external specialist to work on a specific project. The advantages and disadvantages of each of them are analyzed. The result of the analysis shows that it is impossible to unambiguously determine the optimal method for all art projects. Based on the priorities of the art project customer and an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the project manager chooses the method of involving a mediator in each art project separately.
本文回顾和分析了项目团队形成的方法。确定了应用每种方法实施艺术项目的缺点、概率和可行性。考虑和分析了直接影响其有效性的团队建设方法和确定协调良好的团队的参数。在具体项目的实施过程中,为整个组织和项目团队引入心理学专家的权宜之计提出了一些论点。在任何领域的项目中,特别是在艺术项目中,都提出了涉及调解人的权宜之计的论点。明确了心理学专家和调解专家在艺术项目团队管理中的角色和任务,分析了他们在工作中的功能异同。在此分析的基础上,形成了一个功能分布矩阵,它决定了艺术项目中哪些最常见的情况属于心理学家的能力范围,哪些需要调解人的干预。这一分析证明,在艺术项目的实施过程中,需要一名专业的调解专家和一名心理学家,以更有效地解决冲突和纠纷,包括解决谈判和缔结协议和合同过程中产生的利益冲突。这个矩阵不仅可以用于艺术项目,还可以作为项目经理在任何类型的项目中使用调解人时分配功能的有用工具。有两种方法可以让调解人参与到艺术项目中:作为组织的全职员工和邀请外部专家参与特定项目。分析了每种方法的优缺点。分析结果表明,不可能明确地确定所有艺术项目的最佳方法。根据艺术项目客户的优先级和对每种方法的优缺点的评估,项目经理选择在每个艺术项目中分别涉及调解人的方法。
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引用次数: 0
MODERN APPROACHES TO PROJECT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT IN THE ROAD CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY 道路建设行业项目组合管理的现代方法
Oleh Kulikov, Olga Zaiats, Liubov Oksamytna
The project approach is successfully implemented in all areas of human activity, in particular in the transport industry, and has proven itself as an effective and efficient tool for managing transport companies. Considering the large number of areas of activity in the transport sector, it is expedient to combine individual projects that are being implemented into programs and portfolios. In this study, an analysis of scientific works in the transport industry was carried out, which showed that the current state of affairs in this field requires the development of strategic management tools and their implementation in their activities. The works of scientists on strategic management and management of project portfolios of companies in various fields of activity were also considered, which showed that the available works can become the basis for developing models and methods of managing project portfolios in the field of road construction, but do not fully take into account the peculiarities of this field. The authors propose the application of a portfolio approach to the company's activities in the field of road construction. In this work, a study of the development directions of the road industry was carried out and the sources of filling the state road fund, from which financing of the specified development directions was provided, were determined, as well as an analysis of the standard of project portfolio management was carried out. In order to improve the quality of project portfolio management in the field of road construction, it is advisable to improve the implementation of strategic management processes, portfolio management, and to introduce those processes that are not yet being implemented. This can also be done by developing and implementing project portfolio management information technology in the field of road construction, which will enable the implementation of strategic management and project portfolio management.
项目方法已在人类活动的所有领域,特别是在运输业中成功地实施,并已证明是管理运输公司的有效和高效率的工具。考虑到运输部门的活动领域众多,将正在实施的个别项目合并为方案和组合是有利的。在本研究中,对运输行业的科学工作进行了分析,结果表明,该领域的现状需要开发战略管理工具并在其活动中实施。还考虑了科学家在各种活动领域的战略管理和公司项目组合管理方面的工作,这表明现有的工作可以成为开发道路建设领域项目组合管理模型和方法的基础,但没有充分考虑到该领域的特殊性。作者建议将投资组合方法应用于公司在道路建设领域的活动。本工作对公路行业的发展方向进行了研究,确定了国家公路基金的充盈来源,并为指定的发展方向提供融资,同时对项目组合管理的标准进行了分析。为了提高道路建设领域项目组合管理的质量,建议改进战略管理过程、项目组合管理的实施,并引入那些尚未实施的过程。这也可以通过在道路建设领域开发和实施项目组合管理信息技术来实现,这将使战略管理和项目组合管理的实施成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
THE METHOD OF FORMING THE CREATIVE TEAM OF IT PROJECT it项目创意团队的组建方法
Iryna Blyznyukova
The specificity of project team formation is determined by the development of project management concepts, changes in society and in production. Management processes that are related to the human factor are a constant subject of interest for scientists. For effective management of IT projects, qualified people with certain competencies are needed, who create the core of the team in order to fulfill the assigned tasks. The future of the project will depend on how efficiently and "correctly" the team will be formed. The work offers the author's vision of the team formation procedure based on competence, psychological and quantitative criteria, taking into account the features of IT projects with a high degree of innovation, which require flexible management tools and self-managed, self-organizing teams. The task of forming a minimally viable IT project team is proposed to be solved by expanding the range of competencies of each member of the project team under the condition of minimizing its quantitative composition. The minimum complete team model of Raymond M. Belbin (idea generator, critic, and executor) was adopted as the basis for the formation of the IT project team. The application of a creative approach to the management of innovative IT projects, namely the design thinking technique, requires the allocation of an additional role - an empath. The generalized method of forming an IT project team with a high degree of innovation, which will use design thinking technology as a leading technology for software product development, is presented in the form of an algorithm.
项目团队形成的特殊性是由项目管理理念的发展、社会和生产的变化所决定的。与人的因素有关的管理过程一直是科学家们感兴趣的课题。为了有效地管理IT项目,需要具有一定能力的合格人员,他们是团队的核心,以完成分配的任务。项目的未来将取决于如何有效和“正确”地组建团队。该工作提供了作者基于能力、心理和定量标准的团队形成程序的愿景,考虑到具有高度创新的IT项目的特点,这些项目需要灵活的管理工具和自我管理、自组织的团队。建议通过在最小化其定量组成的条件下扩大项目团队每个成员的能力范围来解决组建最小可行IT项目团队的任务。Raymond M. Belbin的最小完整团队模型(想法产生者、评论家和执行者)被采纳为IT项目团队形成的基础。应用创新方法管理创新资讯科技项目,即设计思维技术,需要分配一个额外的角色-同理心。将设计思维技术作为软件产品开发的主导技术,以算法的形式提出了形成具有高度创新性的IT项目团队的广义方法。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR IT-PROJECT TEAM CREATION 开发it项目团队的信息技术
Hlib Sushko, Danylo Balandin
Team creation is a critical aspect of successful IT project realisation. Implementation of effective project management in modern conditions of dynamic technologies requires the presence of a highly qualified team, taking into account the constraits of the project. Working with such a set of data could be simplified by development of an information technology for creation IT project teams. Such technology simplifies the process of selecting a project team, choosing highly qualified members who meet the unique requirements of IT projects. The implementation of such automatisation helps to solve the issue of distribution of competences, coordination and monitoring of work processes related to the creation of the project team. In addition, taking into account the constant development of technologies, information technology allows users to quickly adapt to changes in market requirements and innovations in the field of IT, which is a key factor for ensuring competitiveness. Therefore, the purpose of this work is the development of information technology for the IT project team creation. An additional goal is to create a web application "Teamform" aimed at the process of creation the IT project team. Information technology uses a method of the IT project team creation previously developed by the authors. The method consists of three stages. At the first stage, a set of candidates is determined, the assessment of whose competences meets the requirements of the project. At the second stage, team options are formed in accordance with project requirements. The third step of the method is the selection of a team in accordance with the chosen statement of the problem. The developed information technology and web-application "Teamform" allow creating an effective team of software developers that meets the requirements of the project.
团队创建是成功实现IT项目的一个关键方面。在动态技术的现代条件下实施有效的项目管理需要一个高素质的团队,并考虑到项目的局限性。通过为创建IT项目团队开发信息技术,可以简化处理这样一组数据。这种技术简化了选择项目团队的过程,选择满足IT项目独特需求的高素质成员。这种自动化的实施有助于解决与创建项目团队有关的能力分配、协调和监测工作过程的问题。此外,考虑到技术的不断发展,信息技术可以使用户快速适应市场需求的变化和IT领域的创新,这是确保竞争力的关键因素。因此,这项工作的目的是为开发信息技术的IT项目团队创建。另一个目标是创建一个针对IT项目团队创建过程的web应用程序“Teamform”。信息技术使用了作者先前开发的IT项目团队创建的方法。该方法包括三个阶段。在第一阶段,确定一组候选人,评估其能力是否符合项目的要求。在第二阶段,根据项目需求形成团队选项。该方法的第三步是根据所选择的问题陈述选择一个团队。已开发的信息技术和web应用程序“Teamform”允许创建一个有效的软件开发人员团队,以满足项目的要求。
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引用次数: 0
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF AGILE METHODOLOGIES DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A ROUTE NETWORK PROJECT FOR TRANSPORT OPERATOR 在运输运营商路线网络项目开发过程中使用敏捷方法的前景
Marina Grinchenko, Olha Svichynska, Evgen Grinchenko
The paper considers the features of Agile project management methodologies such as Scrum, Kanban, and Lean manufacturing. The experience of their use in transport systems and technologies is studied. During the research, it was determined that these methodologies are often used for the organisation of freight transportation and logistics, and there is almost no information on their implementation in urban passenger transportation. The use of alternative methods for managing road transport enterprises and projects is essential as it will contribute to the effective organisation of passenger transportation and estimation of the rational fleet size, which, in turn, will improve the quality of service for passengers, reduce adverse transport monopoly effects, promote business development and create new jobs. This will allow people to access healthcare and educational services, save time and resources, and reduce travel costs. The paper proposes to combine the principles of the Scrum methodology and the cascade approach by the example of managing the project devoted to improving the route network of a public transport operator. A list of actions and processes necessary to reflect the project sprints is provided. The research results show that implementing the agile management principles will improve the quality of modelling and project development and positively influence the enterprise management culture.
本文考虑了敏捷项目管理方法的特点,如Scrum、看板和精益制造。研究了它们在运输系统和技术中使用的经验。在研究期间,确定这些方法经常用于组织货运和物流,几乎没有关于在城市客运中实施这些方法的资料。采用不同的方法管理道路运输企业和项目是必不可少的,因为这将有助于有效地组织客运和估计合理的车队规模,从而改善为乘客提供的服务质量、减少不利的运输垄断效应、促进业务发展和创造新的就业机会。这将使人们能够获得医疗保健和教育服务,节省时间和资源,并降低旅行成本。本文建议通过管理一个致力于改善公共交通运营商路线网络的项目的例子,将Scrum方法的原则和级联方法结合起来。提供了反映项目冲刺所需的一系列行动和过程。研究结果表明,实施敏捷管理原则将提高建模和项目开发的质量,并对企业管理文化产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
DEVELOPMENT OF A KNOWLEDGE BASE ON THE INTEGRATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES 开发集成项目管理方法的知识库
Vitalii Kharuta, Oleh Karun
In the context of global disruptions caused by pandemics, massive armed conflicts, and other destructive factors, the economic sector requires a reevaluation of paradigms and the application of new approaches and tools for project management. Risk management, as a component of the management system, is undergoing transformation in a state of perpetual uncertainty and turbulence. Project management methodology, as a means of achieving defined goals, cannot be solely based on predictable attributes and must provide flexibility in response to dynamic changes in the external and internal environment. The rapid pace of digital transformation is shaping a new understanding of the digital space, its content, automation tools, and information support. The rapid development of information technologies based on artificial intelligence and the intensive migration of production and management processes to remote forms necessitate business adaptation to new conditions and effective application by project managers. The information field is overloaded with various project management methodologies, a large amount of derivative and secondary information characterized by a lack of clear structure and low practical value. The continuous transformation of the modern environment requires scientific research to explore the development and adaptation of flexible and hybrid approaches to project management by use of modern information systems. The purpose of this article is to develop a concept of integrating project management methodologies with the resources of a corporate knowledge base. The article explores current knowledge in project management methodology through the genesis and analysis of document interrelationships, which allows for the identification of dependencies and potential synergistic effects of such methodologies. Integration methods and components of these methodologies are analyzed, revealed, and complemented to ensure effective project management. A concept is developed to facilitate a creative approach to project management with an interactive system for accumulation, structuring, implementation, retrospective, and adaptation of accumulated knowledge regarding project management approaches within an enterprise. Principles for constructing a corporate knowledge base on project management methodologies are formulated, and approaches to applying accumulated knowledge are discussed. The proposed tool is implemented with the support of modern information systems, enabling the application of adaptive, valid, and effective project management methods tailored to individual project requirements. The conclusion is drawn that the proposed concept of a corporate knowledge base, combined with existing methods of integrating project management methodologies, is a promising foundational tool for implementing a creative and proactive approach to project management.
在流行病、大规模武装冲突和其他破坏性因素造成全球混乱的背景下,经济部门需要重新评估项目管理的模式,并应用新的方法和工具。风险管理作为管理体系的一个组成部分,正处于一种永远不确定和动荡的状态中进行转型。项目管理方法作为实现既定目标的一种手段,不能仅仅以可预测的属性为基础,必须灵活地响应外部和内部环境的动态变化。数字化转型的快速步伐正在塑造对数字空间、其内容、自动化工具和信息支持的新理解。基于人工智能的信息技术的快速发展,以及生产和管理过程向远程形式的密集迁移,要求业务适应新的条件,并由项目经理有效地应用。信息领域充斥着各种项目管理方法,衍生信息和二次信息数量众多,结构不清晰,实用价值不高。现代环境的不断变化要求科学研究探索利用现代信息系统开发和适应灵活和混合的项目管理方法。本文的目的是开发一个将项目管理方法与公司知识库资源集成的概念。本文通过文件相互关系的起源和分析,探讨了项目管理方法中的当前知识,这允许识别这些方法的依赖性和潜在的协同效应。分析、揭示和补充这些方法的集成方法和组成部分,以确保有效的项目管理。开发了一个概念,以促进项目管理的创造性方法,通过一个互动系统来积累、构建、实施、回顾和适应企业内关于项目管理方法的积累知识。提出了构建企业项目管理方法论知识库的原则,并讨论了应用积累的知识的方法。建议的工具在现代资讯系统的支援下得以实施,使项目管理方法切合个别项目的需要,切合实际,有效。得出的结论是,提出的企业知识库概念,结合现有的整合项目管理方法的方法,是实施创造性和前瞻性项目管理方法的一个有前途的基础工具。
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引用次数: 0
PROJECT TEAM MANAGEMENT MODEL UNDER RISK CONDITIONS 风险条件下的项目团队管理模型
Mykyta Rohovyi, Marina Grinchenko
The paper examines the state of the problem of the influence of risks on the project team's work process. The processes of the team's work during the implementation of the project sprint are defined. The authors identified risk factors that affect the effectiveness of the project team. An analysis of modern approaches was carried out and three directions were identified, which represent the research of project team management processes under conditions of risk. A comprehensive reference model of project team management under risk conditions is proposed in the form of a framework. It reflects the interrelationship of four models: the project team behavior model, the model for assessing the quality of the formation of sprint tasks, the model for determining the distribution of tasks in the project team, and the model for the formation of recommendations. The project team evaluates the text description of the task, obtained from the information system, using the sprint task formation quality assessment model. Natural language processing methods are used to create a model for evaluating the quality of forming sprint tasks, which combine the method of processing text information and the method of learning based on precedents, which allows taking into account the previous experience of the team and its behavior. The project team behavior model allows taking into account the risks of irrational work organization during the sprint. The behavior of the project team is analyzed using Process Mining methods. The case representation model allows the project team to store and reuse knowledge and experience based on simulation modeling and reinforcement learning approaches. It allows the team to determine and evaluate possible options for the distribution of tasks and resources in the team in accordance with the reduction of possible risks. The central element of the proposed framework is the model of recommendations used in decision-making. It provides the project team with the necessary information for effective decision-making in terms of risks in project management. The proposed framework provides an opportunity to reduce the impact of the risks of non-fulfillment of project tasks during the sprint. Further studies of the task of managing the project team under conditions of risk should be directed to the development of specified models of the proposed framework
本文考察了风险对项目团队工作过程影响问题的现状。定义了在项目冲刺实施期间团队工作的过程。作者确定了影响项目团队有效性的风险因素。对现代方法进行了分析,确定了三个方向,代表了风险条件下项目团队管理过程的研究。以框架的形式提出了风险条件下项目团队管理的综合参考模型。它反映了四个模型的相互关系:项目团队行为模型、评估sprint任务形成质量的模型、确定项目团队任务分配的模型和建议形成的模型。项目团队评估任务的文本描述,从信息系统中获取,使用sprint任务形成质量评估模型。使用自然语言处理方法创建了一个评估形成sprint任务质量的模型,该模型结合了文本信息处理方法和基于先例的学习方法,可以考虑团队之前的经验及其行为。项目团队行为模型允许考虑在冲刺期间不合理的工作组织的风险。使用过程挖掘方法分析项目团队的行为。案例表示模型允许项目团队存储和重用基于仿真建模和强化学习方法的知识和经验。它允许团队根据减少可能的风险来确定和评估团队中任务和资源分配的可能选项。拟议框架的中心要素是决策中使用的建议模型。它为项目团队在项目管理中的风险方面提供了有效决策的必要信息。建议的框架提供了一个机会,以减少在冲刺期间未完成项目任务的风险的影响。在风险条件下管理项目团队的任务的进一步研究应该指向所建议框架的特定模型的开发
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引用次数: 0
ANALYSIS OF THE DEFERRED SOLUTIONS METHOD FOR FINDING OF HAMILTONIAN CYCLE ON A GRAPH 图上寻找哈密顿环的递延解法分析
Vladymyr Prokopenkov
The subject of research is the solving of the problem of finding a Hamiltonian cycle on a graph, which belongs to the NP complexity class. The purpose of the work is to develop an effective polynomial algorithm for its optimal solving. This work is a continuation of the author's previous work, where the method of deferred solutions is proposed, which uses a iterating over acceptable solutions scheme, which is explaining by the inability to formulate conditions for directly finding the optimal solution. For a graph of n vertices, the size of the iteration space is (n-1)!. For large values n, the time costs are unacceptably large and their reduction is required. During the operation of the deferred solutions method, until the generated solution of the problem becomes a Hamiltonian cycle, it has name – a partial solution. The scheme underlying the deferred solutions method provides: the rejection of the complete construction of all solutions, the simultaneous formation of a set of partial solutions, the discarding of unpromising solutions, the possibility of returning to deferred partial solutions if necessary, the exclusion of the loss of the optimal solution when discarding partial solutions. However, as shown, only when choosing the correct estimate of partial solutions. At first, the real length of the partial solution path was using as an estimate. For an incomplete graph of 20 vertices, the optimal solution found in 0.005 minutes, but on a complete graph of 20 vertices, the search time was commensurate with the search of all possible solutions to the problem. The article analyzes and shows that the real length of the path as an estimate is logically justified and guarantees finding the optimal solution. However, does not always guarantee the minimum time spent searching for it, since when searching through the space of acceptable solutions, a search in width scheme worked out, which entails the construction of almost all acceptable solutions. This explains the different time spent on finding the optimal solution for tests incomplete and complete graphs – the sets of acceptable solutions differ significantly. In this work, as an alternative, another estimate is proposing – the path length of the partial solution, measured in the arcs of the graph. As shown that the use of this estimate leads to a search of solutions in depth. This estimate reduces the time to find a solution, but does not guarantee an optimal result. For the successful application of the method, it is necessary to develop a new estimate of partial solutions that would combine the qualities of the estimates considered.
本文的研究课题是求解图上的哈密顿循环问题,图属于NP复杂度类。本文的目的是开发一种有效的多项式算法来求解其最优解。这项工作是作者之前工作的延续,其中提出了递延解方法,该方法使用迭代可接受解方案,这是由于无法制定直接找到最优解的条件。对于一个有n个顶点的图,迭代空间的大小是(n-1)!对于较大的值n,时间成本大得令人无法接受,需要减少时间成本。在递延解方法的运行过程中,直到问题的生成解变成哈密顿循环为止,它有一个名字——部分解。延迟解法的基本方案提供:拒绝所有解的完整构造,同时形成一组部分解,丢弃没有希望的解,必要时返回延迟部分解的可能性,在丢弃部分解时排除最优解的损失。然而,如图所示,只有在选择正确的部分解估计时。首先,用部分解路径的实长度作为估计。对于有20个顶点的不完全图,在0.005分钟内找到最优解,但是对于有20个顶点的完全图,搜索时间与搜索问题的所有可能解的时间是相称的。本文分析并证明了作为估计路径的实际长度在逻辑上是合理的,并保证找到最优解。然而,并不能保证搜索它所花费的时间最少,因为在搜索可接受解的空间时,需要进行宽度搜索,这需要构造几乎所有的可接受解。这解释了在寻找测试不完整图和完整图的最优解上花费的时间不同——可接受的解集差别很大。在这项工作中,作为一种替代,提出了另一种估计-部分解的路径长度,用图的弧线测量。如图所示,使用这种估计会导致深入地寻找解决方案。这种估计减少了寻找解决方案的时间,但不能保证最佳结果。为了成功地应用该方法,有必要开发一种新的部分解的估计,该估计将结合所考虑的估计的质量。
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引用次数: 0
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELF-ORGANIZING PROCESSES IN BIOLOGY AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT 生物学和项目管理中自组织过程的比较分析
Andriy Koreiba, Pavel Teslenko
A bee swarm, termite colony, anthill, mycelia are just a few biological systems that exist in nature for millions of years, survive and evolve. All the biological systems listed above are united by one concept - the concept of self-organization. Evolutionary processes occurring in these biological systems have been studied for decades by various scientists. This article analyzes the similarity of self-organization processes in biological systems and project teams. The relevance of the topic lies in the importance of rethinking the processes of self-organization in project teams and in building a new structure for the further development of the concepts of self-learning and self-management. As you know, the key resource for the development of society and the economy is the human resource, which cannot always be systematically managed under the supervision of the manager. Self-organization is an important aspect of team life in our future, precisely because of the mobility of functions. This process is characterized by the ability to rationally organize work, both one's own and the work of subordinate teams. Thereby, an effectively designed system of self-management, which takes into account the specifics of the organization's work and the current economic situation, is considered one of the key factors contributing to the achievement of the goals set by the organization. A new look at the structures of the synergetic level, which were established by the laws of physics and nature, will allow us to develop and establish new paradigms in the processes of self-organization and self-management.
蜂群、白蚁群、蚁丘、菌丝只是自然界中存在了数百万年、生存和进化的几个生物系统。上面列出的所有生物系统都由一个概念联合起来——自组织的概念。在这些生物系统中发生的进化过程已经被不同的科学家研究了几十年。本文分析了生物系统和项目团队中自组织过程的相似性。该主题的相关性在于重新思考项目团队中的自组织过程以及为自我学习和自我管理概念的进一步发展建立新的结构的重要性。如你所知,社会和经济发展的关键资源是人力资源,人力资源不可能总是在管理者的监督下进行系统的管理。自组织是我们未来团队生活的一个重要方面,正是因为功能的流动性。这个过程的特点是能够合理地组织工作,无论是自己的工作还是下属团队的工作。因此,考虑到组织工作的具体情况和当前经济形势的有效设计的自我管理系统被认为是有助于实现组织所设定目标的关键因素之一。对物理和自然法则所建立的协同层次结构的新看法,将使我们能够在自组织和自我管理的过程中发展和建立新的范式。
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Visnik Nacional''nogo Tehnicnogo Universitetu <> Seria Strategicne Upravlinna Upravlinna Portfelami Programami ta Proektami
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