Pub Date : 2009-04-01DOI: 10.3923/JBS.2009.339.344
B. A. Tabrizi, D. Mohajeri, Yosef Doostar, Saed Baradaran Alizade, A. Khodadadi, Farzin Farajzade
Background: Azathioprine (AZA) is the most widely used immunosuppressive drug for preventing graft rejection and autoimmune disease. However, the therapeutic treatment induces several side effects such as toxicity to bone marrow, pancrease, liver and gastrointestinal tract. One of the major functions of Vitamin A is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals. Considering the kind of Azathioprine-induced damage in Liver tissue, we decided to study the protective effect of Vitamin A against Azathiprine-induced toxicity. Materials and Methods: Forty Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (each group contains 10 rats). Group 1 was control group and only took normal saline. Groups 2 & 3 were administrated daily use of Vitamin A for 7 days I.M. and Group 4 was administrated with normal saline instead of Vitamin A in same condition as groups 2&3. In the last day groups 3 & 4 were administrated with single dose of AZA, 15 mg/kg (IP). After 24 hours, we took the animals blood and tissue samples and studied them for biochemical and pathological examinations. Results: This study showed that Azathioprine-induced damage on liver in group 3 is less than that in group 4 while the function of organ in group 3 is nearly the same as control group. Also vitamin A decreases Azathioprine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Conclusion: Regarding importance of Azathioprine-induced damage, the usage rate of this drug in medicine, and the results of this study, we suggest that co-administration of Azathioprine and vitamin E decreases the toxicity of this drug.
{"title":"Biochemical and pathological study of protective effect of Vitamin A in Azathioprine - induced hepatotoxicity in Rat","authors":"B. A. Tabrizi, D. Mohajeri, Yosef Doostar, Saed Baradaran Alizade, A. Khodadadi, Farzin Farajzade","doi":"10.3923/JBS.2009.339.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/JBS.2009.339.344","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Azathioprine (AZA) is the most widely used immunosuppressive drug for preventing graft rejection and autoimmune disease. However, the therapeutic treatment induces several side effects such as toxicity to bone marrow, pancrease, liver and gastrointestinal tract. One of the major functions of Vitamin A is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals. Considering the kind of Azathioprine-induced damage in Liver tissue, we decided to study the protective effect of Vitamin A against Azathiprine-induced toxicity. Materials and Methods: Forty Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (each group contains 10 rats). Group 1 was control group and only took normal saline. Groups 2 & 3 were administrated daily use of Vitamin A for 7 days I.M. and Group 4 was administrated with normal saline instead of Vitamin A in same condition as groups 2&3. In the last day groups 3 & 4 were administrated with single dose of AZA, 15 mg/kg (IP). After 24 hours, we took the animals blood and tissue samples and studied them for biochemical and pathological examinations. Results: This study showed that Azathioprine-induced damage on liver in group 3 is less than that in group 4 while the function of organ in group 3 is nearly the same as control group. Also vitamin A decreases Azathioprine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Conclusion: Regarding importance of Azathioprine-induced damage, the usage rate of this drug in medicine, and the results of this study, we suggest that co-administration of Azathioprine and vitamin E decreases the toxicity of this drug.","PeriodicalId":32133,"journal":{"name":"Fiyz","volume":"5 1","pages":"180-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76049405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1097/01.OGX.0000334692.42853.C2
M. Kashanian, Zahra Zarrin
Background: The purpose of the present study is the comparison between the effect of oxytocin alone or in combination with propranolol on the labor. Materials & Methods : A double blind randomized controlled trial was performed on 150 nuliparas with gestational age of 39-41 weeks of pregnancy and Bishop score of ≤5, singleton, and cephalic presentation. The patients were randomly assigned in two groups. In the first group (oxytocin group=75), oxytocin was started at the rate of 2 mIu/ml and increased to a dose of 2 mIu/ml every 15 minutes until desired contractions were obtained Then it was continued at this rate for 8 hours. If the patients entered the active phase of labor, induction would be continued until delivery otherwise, the induction would be discontinued and patients would be transferred to the pre-labor ward, and on the next day, the protocol was performed again, unless patients were entered the active phase and deliver, cesarean would be performed. In the second group (propranolol group=75 cases), before the beginning of oxytoicn, 2mg propranolol was slowly injected intravenously then the oxytocin was initiated similar to the previous group and, in the second day of induction, before beginning of oxytocin, a 2mg propranolol was injected intravenously again and inductions were performed completely like the other group. Results: There were no statistically significant difference between the two groups according to maternal and gestational age, primary Bishop score and neonatal birth weight. The number of patients who delivered at the first day did not show statistically significant difference between the two groups. [54 (72%) patients in Oxytocin group vs 62(82.6%) patients in propranolol group]. The mean duration for obtaining good contractions was shorter in propranolol group in the both first and second day of induction (2.59±0.87 h vs 3.7±2 h, p=0.000 for the first day and 1.8±1 h vs 3.9±0.89 h, p Conclusion: Propranolol may shorten the induction duration and labor and reduce the amount of necessary oxytocin.
背景:本研究的目的是比较催产素单独或联合心得安对分娩的影响。材料与方法:对150例胎龄39 ~ 41周、Bishop评分≤5分、单胎、头位的新生儿进行双盲随机对照试验。患者被随机分为两组。在第一组(催产素组=75)中，催产素以2 mIu/ml的剂量开始，每15分钟增加到2 mIu/ml的剂量，直到获得所需的收缩，然后以该速度持续8小时。若患者进入产程活跃期，则继续引产至分娩，否则停止引产，将患者转移至产前病房，并于第二天再次执行该方案，除非患者进入产程活跃期并分娩，否则进行剖宫产。第二组(心得安组=75例)，在催产素开始前，与前一组相同，缓慢静脉注射心得安2mg，然后启动催产素，在诱导第2天，在催产素开始前，再次静脉注射心得安2mg，完全进行诱导。结果:两组产妇胎龄、初级主教评分、新生儿出生体重比较，差异均无统计学意义。第一天分娩的患者数量在两组间无统计学差异。[催产素组54例(72%)vs心得安组62例(82.6%)]。心得安组在引产第1天和第2天获得良好宫缩的平均时间较短(2.59±0.87 h vs 3.7±2 h, p=0.000)， 1.8±1 h vs 3.9±0.89 h, p结论:心得安可缩短引产时间和产程，减少催产素用量。
{"title":"A comparison between the effect of oxytocin only and oxytocin plus propranolol on the labor: A double blind randomized trial","authors":"M. Kashanian, Zahra Zarrin","doi":"10.1097/01.OGX.0000334692.42853.C2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.OGX.0000334692.42853.C2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of the present study is the comparison between the effect of oxytocin alone or in combination with propranolol on the labor. Materials & Methods : A double blind randomized controlled trial was performed on 150 nuliparas with gestational age of 39-41 weeks of pregnancy and Bishop score of ≤5, singleton, and cephalic presentation. The patients were randomly assigned in two groups. In the first group (oxytocin group=75), oxytocin was started at the rate of 2 mIu/ml and increased to a dose of 2 mIu/ml every 15 minutes until desired contractions were obtained Then it was continued at this rate for 8 hours. If the patients entered the active phase of labor, induction would be continued until delivery otherwise, the induction would be discontinued and patients would be transferred to the pre-labor ward, and on the next day, the protocol was performed again, unless patients were entered the active phase and deliver, cesarean would be performed. In the second group (propranolol group=75 cases), before the beginning of oxytoicn, 2mg propranolol was slowly injected intravenously then the oxytocin was initiated similar to the previous group and, in the second day of induction, before beginning of oxytocin, a 2mg propranolol was injected intravenously again and inductions were performed completely like the other group. Results: There were no statistically significant difference between the two groups according to maternal and gestational age, primary Bishop score and neonatal birth weight. The number of patients who delivered at the first day did not show statistically significant difference between the two groups. [54 (72%) patients in Oxytocin group vs 62(82.6%) patients in propranolol group]. The mean duration for obtaining good contractions was shorter in propranolol group in the both first and second day of induction (2.59±0.87 h vs 3.7±2 h, p=0.000 for the first day and 1.8±1 h vs 3.9±0.89 h, p Conclusion: Propranolol may shorten the induction duration and labor and reduce the amount of necessary oxytocin.","PeriodicalId":32133,"journal":{"name":"Fiyz","volume":"147 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76549963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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