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IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. Transmitting Waves of Progress to the Next Millennium. 2000 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (C最新文献

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Stub switched phase shifter 短截开关移相器
K. Nakada, T. Marumoto, R. Iwata
A stub switched phase shifter, which consists of a reference line, a delay stub and fewer RF switches than the switched line phase shifter, is proposed. It has low phase deviation characteristics. Especially, for the condition of /spl Phi/=180/spl deg/, S=0, L=1/2/spl lambda/g/sub 0/, the proposed phase shifter can reduce two RF switches, and is as compact as about 40% the size of a conventional switched-line phase shifter. It is suitable for phased array applications. The characteristics of the proposed phase shifter designed for /spl Phi/=90/spl deg/, 180/spl deg/ were confirmed by the method of moments.
提出了一种短段开关移相器,它由参考线、延迟短段和比开关线移相器更少的射频开关组成。具有相位偏差小的特点。特别是在/spl Phi/=180/spl度/,S=0, L=1/2/spl λ /g/sub 0/的情况下,所提出的移相器可以减少两个射频开关,并且体积小巧,约为传统开关线移相器的40%。它适用于相控阵应用。采用矩量法确定了/spl φ =90/spl°/、180/spl°/时所设计移相器的特性。
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引用次数: 6
Profile inversion of spherical objects illuminated by TE- and TM-polarized waves TE和tm极化波照射下球形物体的剖面反演
M. Akhtar, A. Omar
A new technique for inverting the radially dependent permittivity profile in spherical dielectric objects illuminated by TE- or TM-polarized waves is presented. The technique is based on a generalization of the well established Fourier transform method used for reconstructing permittivity profiles in planar stratified media in conjunction with a previously proposed renormalization technique to obtain a unique solution of the involved nonlinear problem. The unknown permittivity profile is reconstructed in terms of a spherical Fourier-Bessel transform of the measured reflection coefficient data in conjunction with a numerical transform. A number of reconstruction examples has been considered and an excellent agreement between original and reconstructed profiles has been achieved even for very high values of permittivity.
提出了一种反演TE或tm极化波照射下球形介质物体径向介电常数分布的新方法。该技术是基于已建立的傅里叶变换方法的推广,该方法用于重建平面分层介质中的介电常数剖面,并结合先前提出的重整化技术,以获得所涉及的非线性问题的唯一解。利用实测反射系数数据的球面傅里叶-贝塞尔变换结合数值变换,重构了未知介电常数剖面。考虑了许多重建的例子,即使在很高的介电常数值下,原始剖面和重建剖面之间也取得了很好的一致性。
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引用次数: 2
On the relations of microscopic and averaged material parameters in composite media 复合介质中材料细观参数与平均参数的关系
P. Belov, C. Simovski, M. S. Kondratjev
This work is devoted to the fundamental question of the relationship between local, external and averaged electrostatic field in nonpolar anisotropic dielectrics. Artificial dielectrics are under consideration. This makes possible to be restricted to classical electrostatics without additional approximations. We offer an approach that is an alternative to the classic deduction of the Lorenz-Lorentz formula. This makes it possible to take into account the interaction between inclusions in the artificial dielectrics with complex inner geometry and dielectric permittivity. Numerical calculation for oblique-angled lattices was carried out.
本文研究了非极性各向异性介质中局域、外场和平均静电场之间关系的基本问题。人工电介质正在考虑之中。这使得不需要额外的近似就可以局限于经典静电学。我们提供了一种替代洛伦兹-洛伦兹公式经典演绎的方法。这使得考虑具有复杂内部几何形状和介电常数的人工介电体中内含物之间的相互作用成为可能。对斜角度格进行了数值计算。
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引用次数: 0
Improved and simpler FDTD formulation for axisymmetrical problems 改进和简化了轴对称问题的时域有限差分公式
M. Celuch-Marcysiak, W. Gwarek
Axisymmetrical structures play an important role in high frequency research and engineering. Examples of application include horn and rod antennas, circular waveguide discontinuities, resonators, and particle accelerators. Two FDTD formulations for axisymmetrical problems have been proposed by Gwarek, Morawski and Mroczkowski (1993) and by Jurgens and Saewert (1995). Both operate on a 2D mesh, and account analytically for azimuthal sin(m/spl phi/)/cos(m/spl phi/) field dependence. The two approaches lead to different field update equations and in practice-to somewhat different results. Both algorithms require special treatment of on-axis components, which may cause instabilities or, as we show in this paper, ambiguous solutions. We propose an FDTD formulation for axisymmetrical problems, based on a new mesh construction scheme and a new set of system variables, which: eliminates the need for special on-axis equations; remains stable, and consistent for different axis locations on the mesh; and requires less computer operations per time step than the scheme of Jurgens. We also show that the differences between the two methods are due to different assumptions regarding local field behaviour in cylindrical coordinates, and that the choice of a better approximation is determined by circuit technology.
轴对称结构在高频研究和工程中发挥着重要作用。应用实例包括喇叭和杆天线,圆波导不连续,谐振器和粒子加速器。Gwarek、Morawski和Mroczkowski(1993)以及Jurgens和Saewert(1995)提出了两个轴对称问题的时域有限差分公式。两者都在二维网格上运行,并分析计算方位角sin(m/spl phi/)/cos(m/spl phi/)场依赖性。这两种方法会导致不同的场更新方程,并且在实践中会产生一些不同的结果。这两种算法都需要对轴上分量进行特殊处理,这可能会导致不稳定,或者如我们在本文中所示,产生模棱两可的解。基于一种新的网格构造方案和一组新的系统变量,我们提出了轴对称问题的时域有限差分公式,它消除了对特殊轴上方程的需要;在网格上的不同轴位置保持稳定和一致;并且每个时间步所需的计算机操作比于尔根斯的方案少。我们还表明,两种方法之间的差异是由于对柱坐标中的局部场行为的不同假设,并且选择更好的近似是由电路技术决定的。
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引用次数: 2
Characteristics of digital terrestrial broadcasting antennas. (2) unbalance fed modified batwing antenna 数字地面广播天线的特性。(2)不平衡馈电改良蝙蝠翼天线
Y. Ojiro, H. Kawakami
The digital terrestrial broadcasting station will use multiple channels in common. Therefore, the required properties of the transmitting station will be broad bandwidth and high gain. The authors have previously (see IEEE AP-S Int. Symposium, p.1570-3, July 1999) investigated the 2-element modified batwing antenna with the reflector (2MBWAR) for UHF used in digital terrestrial broadcasting. It was calculated with the balanced feed shape. As a result, the broadband input impedance of 100 /spl Omega/ was obtained. However, in practical use, this antenna requires the balun and the impedance transformer as another circuit. So it has the complex feed system and high cost. In this paper, we propose the unbalance fed modified batwing antenna (UFMBA) which does not use a balun and an impedance matching circuit. The same broad bandwidth and high gain compared with the previous feed shape are obtained. Next, the parallel coupling UFMBA to obtain high gain is investigated. The gain of about 14 dBi is obtained for coupling four elements.
数字地面广播电台将共用多个频道。因此,对发射台的性能要求是宽带和高增益。作者之前已经(见IEEE AP-S Int)。论文(Symposium), p.1570-3, July 1999)研究了用于UHF数字地面广播的带有反射器的2元改进蝙蝠翼天线(2MBWAR)。采用平衡进料形状进行计算。得到了100 /spl ω /的宽带输入阻抗。然而,在实际使用中,这种天线需要平衡和阻抗变压器作为另一个电路。因此它的进料系统复杂,成本高。本文提出了一种不使用平衡馈电和阻抗匹配电路的不平衡馈电改进蝙蝠翼天线。与以前的馈电形状相比,获得了相同的宽带宽和高增益。其次,研究了并联耦合UFMBA获得高增益的方法。通过四元耦合,获得了约14 dBi的增益。
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引用次数: 6
A handset terminal evaluation system by field simulator 基于现场模拟器的手机终端评估系统
H. Arai, N. Ohnishi, H. Saito, K. Sasaki
Because of severe fading caused by the movement of the portable terminal, it is insufficient to only test a handset under an environment of multiple waves, as in mobile communication, especially in a city or to only evaluate the static characteristics in an anechoic chamber. The random field method which actually measures the handsets in the open site is time consuming, has a poor measurement repeatability, and also the problem of obtaining a radio license. The field simulator, i.e. a portable handset evaluation system reproducing the artificial fading environment inside the building solves these problems. This paper presents a prototype field simulator applied to the connection rate test in a weak electric field environment, and to diversity characteristic evaluation in development of an antenna.
由于便携式终端的移动会引起严重的衰落,因此仅在多波环境下(如移动通信中,特别是在城市中)对手持设备进行测试或仅在消声室中评估静态特性是不够的。随机场法在开放站点实际测量手机,耗时长,测量重复性差,并且存在获得无线电许可证的问题。现场模拟器,即再现建筑物内人工衰落环境的便携式手机评估系统,解决了这些问题。本文介绍了一种用于弱电环境下连接速率测试和天线研制中的分集特性评估的原型场模拟器。
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引用次数: 2
SFELP: a hybrid 3D-finite elements/segmentation method with fast frequency sweep based on the SyMPVL algorithm for the analysis of passive microwaves circuits SFELP:一种基于SyMPVL算法的快速扫频三维有限元/分割混合方法,用于无源微波电路分析
J. Rubio, J. Garcia, J. Zapata
The segmentation technique has been widely used for the full-wave analysis of microwave circuits to reduce CPU time and memory requirements. When this technique is implemented by linking multimode and multiport matrices of the different regions in which the circuit is divided, these matrices must be obtained for a great number of frequencies if a broad band analysis is required. In this paper, it is the SFELP method (segmentation/finite elements/Lanczos-Pade) is introduced. This method applies the symmetric Pade via Lanczos algorithm (SyMPVL) to a 3D-finite elements/segmentation method (3D-FE/SM) for obtaining a reduced order model of the transfer function of each region in which a 3D analysis is used. The result for each region is the multimode multiport generalized admittance matrix (GAM) on a wide band of frequencies from which the generalized scattering matrix (GSM) is computed. Then, the global response of the circuit can be immediately obtained by connecting the partial GSMs.
分割技术已广泛应用于微波电路的全波分析,以减少CPU时间和内存需求。当该技术通过连接电路划分的不同区域的多模和多端口矩阵来实现时,如果需要进行宽带分析,则必须获得大量频率的这些矩阵。本文主要介绍了SFELP法(分割法/有限元法/ lanczos - page法)。该方法通过Lanczos算法(SyMPVL)将对称的page应用于三维有限元/分割法(3D- fe /SM),以获得使用三维分析的每个区域传递函数的降阶模型。每个区域的结果是宽频带上的多模多端口广义导纳矩阵(GAM),由此计算广义散射矩阵(GSM)。然后,通过连接部分gsm,可以立即得到电路的全局响应。
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引用次数: 4
A SVD-based reconstruction scheme for microwave radiometers measurements 一种基于奇异值分解的微波辐射计测量重建方案
G. Mazzarella, M. Migliaccio
Microwave radiometer are passive low-resolution remote sensing sensors which measure the brightness temperature of the scene under survey. In order to enhance the spatial low-resolution limit a singular value decomposition (SVD) technique is here envisaged for scanning radiometers. Although this paper is theoretical in nature, it is of applicative relevance since it permits one to figure out some interesting multisensor data fusion techniques.
微波辐射计是一种被动的低分辨率遥感传感器,用于测量被测景物的亮度温度。为了提高扫描辐射计的空间低分辨率极限,提出了一种奇异值分解(SVD)技术。虽然这篇论文是理论性质的,但它具有应用相关性,因为它允许人们找出一些有趣的多传感器数据融合技术。
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引用次数: 2
Sensor and method fusion in remote sensing imagery with neural networks 基于神经网络的遥感图像传感器与方法融合
Y. Shkvarko, S. Medvedev, R. Jaime, J. Ruiz
The need for sensor and method fusion arises in many practical applications, one of those is extended object imaging in passive remote sensing/imaging (RSI) systems that employ different platforms of sensors. In this paper we propose a new approach to solving simultaneous image restoration problems incorporating fusion of all RSI systems by integrating these problems into one augmented inverse problem by imposing the minimum entropy (ME) image model as prior knowledge for restoration (Falkovich et al. 1989). We investigate the fine structure of a Hopfield neural network and propose a sensor fusion method that can be implemented via modification of such a network into the maximum entropy neural network (MENN) using minimum entropy regularization. It is shown that applying the proposed method, the sensor and/or method fusion tasks can be solved without principal complication of the resultant structure of the MENN independent of the number of sensor platforms or methods to be fused. The overall MENN algorithm is presented. The results are illustrated by simulation samples and compared with other high resolution image restoration techniques.
在许多实际应用中出现了对传感器和方法融合的需求,其中之一是采用不同传感器平台的被动遥感/成像(RSI)系统中的扩展目标成像。在本文中,我们提出了一种解决同时图像恢复问题的新方法,通过将最小熵(ME)图像模型作为恢复的先验知识,将这些问题集成到一个增强逆问题中,从而融合所有RSI系统(Falkovich et al. 1989)。我们研究了Hopfield神经网络的精细结构,并提出了一种传感器融合方法,该方法可以通过将这种网络修改为使用最小熵正则化的最大熵神经网络(MENN)来实现。结果表明,应用该方法可以解决传感器和/或方法的融合任务,而无需考虑所融合的传感器平台或方法的数量,也不会导致MENN结构的主要复杂性。给出了MENN的总体算法。仿真结果与其他高分辨率图像恢复技术进行了比较。
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引用次数: 3
Analysis and design of conical spiral antennas using the FDTD method 用时域有限差分法分析和设计锥形螺旋天线
T. Hertel, G.S. Smith
Conical spiral antennas were first developed by Dyson (1959, 1965) using empirical results. No analytical/numerical analysis has been performed to date for the full model with expanding arm width. The only numerical analysis has been by the method of moments (MoM) for the thin-wire conical spiral antenna which is not truly frequency independent. The objective of this paper is to analyze this antenna using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. A parametric study is used to improve upon the available design base. Various design parameters of the conical spiral antenna are provided as a function of the antenna geometry to supplement Dyson's experimental results.
锥形螺旋天线最初是由戴森(1959年,1965年)利用经验结果开发的。到目前为止,还没有对扩展臂宽的完整模型进行解析/数值分析。唯一的数值分析是用矩量法对非频率无关的细线锥形螺旋天线进行的。本文的目的是利用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法对该天线进行分析。参数化研究是用来改进现有的设计基础。给出了圆锥螺旋天线的各种设计参数作为天线几何形状的函数,以补充戴森的实验结果。
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引用次数: 14
期刊
IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. Transmitting Waves of Progress to the Next Millennium. 2000 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (C
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