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2021 56th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)最新文献

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Frequency Stability Considerations of Reciprocating Gas Engine Generators in Microgrids 微电网中往复式燃气发电机频率稳定性的考虑
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548254
S. Sommerville, G. Taylor, M. Abbod
This paper considers the suitability of the standard DEGOV diesel generator governor model for use with reciprocating gas engine generators acting as primary frequency control units, within microgrids, due to the reduced capability of gas engines to accept step loads. The paper found that use of the standard DEGOV model would significantly overestimate the gas engines capability to accept step load, and an alternate model was developed using a gain scheduling controller, based on the generators existing loading. This model was found to be effective, but it was identified that the varying values of gain could lead to controller instability and tuning problems, and further investigation work in this area is necessary.
本文考虑了标准DEGOV柴油发电机调速器模型在微电网中与往复式燃气发动机发电机作为主要频率控制单元使用的适用性,因为燃气发动机接受阶跃负荷的能力降低了。本文发现,使用标准DEGOV模型会严重高估燃气发动机接受阶跃负荷的能力,并基于发电机现有负荷,使用增益调度控制器开发了替代模型。结果表明,该模型是有效的,但增益的变化可能导致控制器不稳定和调谐问题,需要在该领域进一步研究。
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引用次数: 1
Impact of Power Smoothing Techniques on the Long-Term Performance of Battery Energy Storage Systems 功率平滑技术对电池储能系统长期性能的影响
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548172
G. Kryonidis, Angelos I. Nousdilis, K. Pippi, T. Papadopoulos
Power smoothing (PS) techniques are employed to mitigate the network problems caused by the variable output power of non-dispatchable renewable energy sources (RESs). Keystone of these techniques is the use of a battery energy storage system (BESS) acting as an intermediate energy buffer to smooth the RES output power. Scope of this paper is to investigate the impact of the most well-established PS techniques on the long-term performance of BESSs focusing on capacity degradation. To this end, an accurate BESS aging model based on the rainflow cycle-counting algorithm is integrated to the examined PS techniques to estimate the cycle aging of the BESS. Furthermore, a parametric analysis with high-resolution RES measurements is performed to identify the most critical parameters that affect the PS capability and the BESS capacity degradation.
采用功率平滑(PS)技术来缓解不可调度可再生能源(RESs)的输出功率变化所带来的网络问题。这些技术的关键是使用电池储能系统(BESS)作为中间能量缓冲器来平滑RES输出功率。本文的范围是研究最完善的PS技术对bess长期性能的影响,重点是容量退化。为此,将基于雨流循环计数算法的精确BESS老化模型集成到所研究的PS技术中,以估计BESS的循环老化。此外,使用高分辨率RES测量进行参数分析,以确定影响PS能力和BESS容量退化的最关键参数。
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引用次数: 7
Analysis and Experiential Verification of Power Loss in Joint Area of Laminated Transformer Core 层压变压器铁心连接处功率损耗分析与经验验证
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548245
Yevgeniy Kalinin, A. Chivenkov, Y. Vagapov, A. Anuchin
This paper discusses the processes of power loss development in the joint area of the laminated transformer core due to eddy currents produced by the normal magnetic flux. Normal magnetic flux is directed in perpendicular to the plane of the laminations and the dominating factor in the power loss formation in the joint area. The analytical approach was verified by a set of tests where two experimental setups have been employed to investigate power loss in the laminations under various conditions. The tests provided data on the power loss produced by the normal flux in relation to the lamination width and lamination overlap length. It was shown that the power loss in the joint area significantly depends on the lamination width and is independent of lamination overlap.
本文讨论了正常磁通产生的涡流对层压变压器铁芯接头区功率损耗的影响过程。法向磁通方向垂直于薄片的平面,是接头区域功率损耗形成的主导因素。采用两种实验装置对不同条件下层合材料的功率损耗进行了测试,验证了分析方法的有效性。试验提供了正常磁通产生的功率损耗与层压宽度和层压重叠长度的关系数据。结果表明,接头区域的功率损耗与层合宽度有显著的关系,而与层合厚度无关。
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引用次数: 0
A Techno-Economic Evaluation of Battery Energy Storage Systems co-located with Wind in the Irish Integrated Electricity Market 爱尔兰综合电力市场中电池储能系统与风能并网的技术经济评价
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548207
Claudia Sheridan, M. Conlon
As Ireland moves towards decarbonization of electricity, Wind Power Plant Producers (WPP) face novel challenges and prospects. As of October 2018, WPP must partake in the Balancing Marketing where penalties will apply for active power variations. Power Plants in Ireland now also have new opportunities for receiving additional payments from system services. Co-location of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) with a wind farm can be utilized to absorb additional power where curtailment may have been the only previous option, reduce the risk associated with balancing and offer grid stability as the levels of renewables increase. Using a large-scale Irish wind farm as a case study, the value of co-location of BESS under the existing Irish market regulations was examined. In this study, two separate revenue streams and modes of operation are investigated for one year. The use of BESS for balancing purposes and then for system services payments are considered in turn. The results show that while BESS can offer opportunities for WPP, the correct sizing and representation of degradation of BESS are critical due to the high capital cost of storage.
随着爱尔兰向电力脱碳的方向发展,风力发电厂生产商(WPP)面临着新的挑战和前景。从2018年10月起,WPP必须参与平衡营销,有功功率变化将受到处罚。爱尔兰的发电厂现在也有新的机会从系统服务中获得额外的付款。电池储能系统(BESS)与风力发电场的共同部署可以用来吸收以前可能是唯一选择的额外电力,降低与平衡相关的风险,并随着可再生能源水平的增加而提供电网稳定性。以一个大型爱尔兰风电场为例,研究了在现有爱尔兰市场法规下BESS的价值。在这项研究中,两个独立的收入流和运作模式进行了为期一年的调查。依次考虑将BESS用于平衡目的,然后用于系统服务支付。结果表明,虽然BESS可以为WPP提供机会,但由于存储的高资本成本,BESS的正确大小和退化表示至关重要。
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引用次数: 1
Over-voltage Problem in Distribution Network with DG: A Review of Mitigation Techniques 带DG的配电网过电压问题:缓解技术综述
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548239
K. Makinde, G. Lacey
The considerable penetration of distributed generation (DG) in the distribution network (DN) invalidates the premises upon which distribution networks are designed. This penetration has resulted in a number of issues in the DN, the leading being voltage rise problem which occurs whenever generation is higher than the demand on the network thereby causing the power to flow in the reverse direction and subsequently leading to overvoltage. Many techniques discussed in the literature to mitigate this issue range from network reconfiguration to active management of the DN. This paper highlights the problem of overvoltage in DN with high penetration of DG and presents a technical overview of approaches to curtail the problem. IPSA software is then employed to model the effects of voltage control in low voltage distribution network.
分布式发电在配电网中的广泛应用使配电网设计的前提失效。这种渗透导致了DN中的许多问题,主要是电压上升问题,每当发电量高于网络需求时就会发生电压上升问题,从而导致电力向相反方向流动,从而导致过电压。文献中讨论了许多缓解这个问题的技术,从网络重新配置到DN的主动管理。本文重点介绍了高DG穿深DN中的过电压问题,并介绍了减少过电压问题的技术概述。然后利用IPSA软件对低压配电网的电压控制效果进行了建模。
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引用次数: 5
Assessment of Methods to Measure Power System Flexibility: A Review 电力系统灵活性评估方法综述
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548205
D. Mouton, Ndamulelo Mararakanye, B. Bekker
The addition of variable renewable energy (VRE) plants into the generation portfolio means that the power system has higher volatility, uncertainty, and variability. Therefore, there is an increased need for power system flexibility to account for this influx. Generation expansion planning entails strategizing an optimal long-term expansion plan for building new generation plants that satisfies economic and technical constraints. Concerns associated with VRE integration are evident in the case of the Namibian long-term expansion plan. The Namibian generation expansion plan makes use of two traditional adequacy planning techniques, namely loss of load probability (LOLP) and expected unsupplied energy (EUE), which are used for traditional generation plants where flexibility is already provided for. The problem with LOLP and EUE is that the only condition under which demand will not be met is when the demand exceeds the available capacity. The sole use of these metrics for generation expansion planning may be inadequate. Therefore, there is a need for flexibility assessment methods that can assess the flexibility of the Namibian power system to manage high variability. This paper reviews the different flexibility assessment methods available in literature studies and categorises the methods according to levels of computational complexity and data requirements. This paper finds that each level of flexibility assessment methods makes it possible to answer fundamental flexibility questions. Considering the findings, it is important to conduct all three levels of flexibility assessment methods to optimize flexibility.
在发电组合中加入可变可再生能源(VRE)电厂意味着电力系统具有更高的波动性、不确定性和可变性。因此,越来越需要电力系统的灵活性来应对这种涌入。发电扩建规划需要制定一个最优的长期扩建计划,以建设满足经济和技术限制的新一代发电厂。在纳米比亚的长期扩张计划中,与VRE整合相关的担忧是显而易见的。纳米比亚的发电扩展计划使用了两种传统的充足性规划技术,即负荷损失概率(LOLP)和预期未供应能源(EUE),这两种技术用于已经提供灵活性的传统发电厂。LOLP和EUE的问题在于,需求无法得到满足的唯一条件是需求超过可用容量。仅使用这些指标进行发电扩展规划可能是不够的。因此,需要一种能够评估纳米比亚电力系统管理高变异性的灵活性的灵活性评估方法。本文回顾了文献研究中不同的灵活性评估方法,并根据计算复杂度和数据需求对方法进行了分类。本文发现,每个层次的灵活性评估方法都有可能回答基本的灵活性问题。考虑到研究结果,重要的是进行所有三个层次的灵活性评估方法来优化灵活性。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of zero-mode inrush current characteristics of converter transformers 换流变压器零模涌流特性分析
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548277
Zhichang Liu, Xin Yin, Yuanlin Pan, Wei Xi, Xianggen Yin, Binyan Liu
In recent years, there have been situations in which the zero-sequence protection of the transformer has been incorrectly operated due to the converter transformer energizing or fault recovery. For converter transformers, maloperation may also occur. However, there is almost no theoretical research on the zero-mode inrush currents of converter transformers. This paper studies the characteristics of the zero-mode inrush currents of the converter transformers, including the relationship between the amplitude and attenuation characteristics of the zero-mode inrush currents of converter transformers, and their relationship with the system resistance, remanence, and closing angle. First, based on the T-type equivalent circuit of the transformer, the equivalent circuit of the zero-mode inrush current of each transformer is obtained. On this basis, the amplitude relationship of the zero-mode inrush currents of different converter transformers is obtained: the zero-mode inrush current of the energizing pole YY transformer becomes larger than the YD transformer, the energized pole YD becomes greater than the YY transformer, and the YY transformer zero-mode inrush current rises from 0. It is also analyzed that the sympathetic interaction will make the attenuation of the converter transformer zero-mode inrush current slower. The system resistance mainly affects the initial attenuation speed, and the later attenuation speed is mainly determined by the converter transformer leakage reactance. Finally, PSCAD modeling and simulation are carried out to verify the accuracy of the theoretical analysis.
近年来,由于换流变压器通电或故障恢复导致变压器零序保护误操作的情况时有发生。对于换流变压器,也可能发生误操作。然而,关于换流变压器零模涌流的理论研究几乎没有。本文研究了换流变压器零模涌流的特性,包括换流变压器零模涌流的幅值和衰减特性之间的关系,以及它们与系统电阻、剩磁、合闸角的关系。首先,根据变压器的t型等效电路,得到各变压器零模涌流的等效电路。在此基础上,得到了不同换流变压器零模涌流的幅值关系:充能极YY变压器的零模涌流大于YD变压器,充能极YD大于YY变压器,YY变压器的零模涌流从0开始上升。本文还分析了共感相互作用会使换流变压器零模涌流的衰减变慢。系统电阻主要影响初始衰减速度,后期衰减速度主要由换流变压器漏抗决定。最后进行了PSCAD建模和仿真,验证了理论分析的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Voltage Stability Improvement in Multi-Terminal HVDC grids: A Case Study of Cigré B4 HVDC Test Grid 多端直流电网电压稳定性的改善——以cigr<s:1> B4直流试验电网为例
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548164
N. Azizi, H. M. Cheshmehbeigi, K. Rouzbehi, Hassan NOURI
High voltage direct current (HVDC) breaker is among the essential components of HVDC grids. Currently, DC circuit breakers (DCCBs) of HVDC grids require relatively large DC reactors to limit the rate of increase of fault current. However, DC reactors have destructive effects on the multi-terminal HVDC (MT-HVDC) grid dynamic stability, and in such a system, despite the variety of controllers, the system dynamics are highly sensitive to the operating point. This paper proposes a modification to be applied to the droop control of Multi-terminal HVDC (MT-HVDC) grids for stabilizing the DC voltage and power variations in case of transient events by the introduction of a Dead Band Direct Current Power System Stabilizer (DBDC-PSS). Also, this paper presents the classification of MT-HVDC grid dynamic behavior in different scenarios including without DC-PSS, conventional DC-PSS, and DBDC-PSS. All simulations and analytical studies are conducted on Cigré DCS3 test HVDC grid in MATLAB/Simulink.
高压直流断路器是高压直流电网的重要组成部分之一。目前,高压直流电网的直流断路器需要较大的直流电抗器来限制故障电流的增加速度。然而,直流电抗器对多端HVDC (MT-HVDC)电网的动态稳定性具有破坏性影响,在这种系统中,尽管有多种控制器,但系统动态对工作点高度敏感。本文提出了一种应用于多端高压直流电网(MT-HVDC)下垂控制的改进方法,通过引入死区直流电力系统稳定器(DBDC-PSS)来稳定瞬态事件下的直流电压和功率变化。本文还对不加DC-PSS、常规DC-PSS和DBDC-PSS三种情况下的MT-HVDC电网动态行为进行了分类。在MATLAB/Simulink中对cigr DCS3试验高压直流电网进行了仿真和分析研究。
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引用次数: 0
Load Flow Analysis of the Nigerian Transmission Grid Using DIgSILENT PowerFactory 利用DIgSILENT PowerFactory对尼日利亚输电网进行潮流分析
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548253
O. G. Olasunkanmi, Zhida Deng, G. Todeschini
The subject of this work is the development of a load flow model for the Nigerian 330 kV transmission system. The model has been developed in DIgSILENT PowerFactory based on data provided by the Nigerian Electricity system operator (NESO). Two scenarios (summer and winter) were considered: for each scenario, load data, generator data, and transmission line parameters were used as inputs to the model. The voltage profiles resulting from the load flow were compared with the original data, and some discrepancies were found. Assumptions and modifications were made to achieve load flow results that were closer to the system data. The results show that in summer and winter, power generated was 4804.10 MW and 4394.41 MW, respectively. The bus voltages were within the voltage magnitude of 0.85 pu and 1.05 pu, according to the local grid code. The model documented in this paper will be used as a baseline for reliability and stability studies. This research aims to identify potential reinforcements to the 330 kV Nigerian transmission system to meet future electricity demand.
这项工作的主题是尼日利亚330千伏输电系统的潮流模型的发展。该模型是在DIgSILENT PowerFactory中根据尼日利亚电力系统运营商(NESO)提供的数据开发的。考虑了两种场景(夏季和冬季):对于每种场景,将负载数据、发电机数据和输电线路参数作为模型的输入。将负荷流产生的电压分布与原始数据进行了比较,发现了一些差异。假设和修改是为了获得更接近系统数据的负荷流结果。结果表明,夏季和冬季的发电量分别为4804.10 MW和4394.41 MW。根据当地电网规范,母线电压在0.85和1.05 pu之间。本文中记录的模型将用作可靠性和稳定性研究的基线。这项研究的目的是确定330千伏尼日利亚输电系统的潜在加固,以满足未来的电力需求。
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引用次数: 1
Battery energy storage systems management in a day-ahead market scenario with transactive energy and private aggregators 具有交易能源和私有聚合器的日前市场情景下的电池储能系统管理
Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1109/UPEC50034.2021.9548238
Héricles Eduardo Oliveira Farias, Camilo Alberto Sepulveda Rangel, L. Canha, Leonardo Weber Stringini, T. A. Silva Santana, Zeno Luiz Iensen Nadal
This paper presents a methodology for battery energy storage systems (BESS) management considering the concept of transactive energy. Transactive energy is defined as the economic and control technique used for energy management that allows the dynamic balance of supply and demand across the electrical system. In a transactive energy market, the consumer can produce energy and inject it into the grid, becoming a prosumer. Also, it is possible to have the presence of private aggregators. Aggregators have large energy production capacity and can negotiate this energy with the grid. The system is composed by two private aggregators, the consumers, and the distribution system operator (DSO). The aggregators are assigned to supply a specific number of consumers defined in the contractual demand with the DSO, and the DSO is responsible for serving the rest of the system. Both aggregators and the DSO have distributed energy resources (DERs), such as energy storage and/or photovoltaic generation. A neural network based on group method of data handling (GMDH) is used for forecasting the grid demand, energy prices and solar generation for the day-ahead operation. The BESS reserve for the day-ahead is optimized based on prediction model. The methodology is validated in a 33-bus distribution network simulated on software OpenDSS. The curve profiles are taken from real data of the Canadian distribution system.
本文提出了一种考虑交互能量概念的电池储能系统管理方法。交互能源被定义为用于能源管理的经济和控制技术,它允许整个电力系统的供需动态平衡。在一个互动性的能源市场中,消费者可以生产能源并将其注入电网,成为产消者。此外,也可能存在私有聚合器。聚合器有很大的能源生产能力,可以与电网协商这些能源。该系统由两个私有聚合器,消费者和分配系统运营商(DSO)组成。聚合器被分配给特定数量的消费者,这些消费者在与DSO的合同需求中定义,DSO负责为系统的其余部分提供服务。集热器和DSO都具有分布式能源(DERs),例如能源存储和/或光伏发电。采用基于分组数据处理方法(GMDH)的神经网络对日前运行的电网需求、能源价格和太阳能发电进行预测。基于预测模型对前日BESS储备进行优化。该方法在OpenDSS软件上的33总线配电网仿真中得到了验证。曲线轮廓取自加拿大配电系统的实际数据。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2021 56th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)
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