Pub Date : 2020-02-20DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190645908.003.0028
K. Frick
Part IV of this book briefly integrates lessons learned among the many chapters and discusses paths forward for future research in both animals and humans. Suggested future directions for animal research include continued efforts to uncover molecular, cell-specific, and circuit-level mechanisms through which estrogens regulate memory, increased attention to glia, de novo estrogen synthesis, interactions between neuromodulators, sex differences, hormonal changes across the lifespan, multiple brain regions, multiple forms of memory, and improving our models of menopause and estrogen therapy. Future clinical work would benefit better understanding the role of various estrogens in regulating cognition and mental illness in humans throughout the lifespan. In particular, many questions remain to be answered for menopausal women, including how reproductive history, menopausal estrogen loss, genetics, diet, stress, metabolic alterations, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation interact to influence memory and mood dysfunction. Addressing these issues will provide sorely needed insights into estrogen regulation of memory.
{"title":"Moving Forward","authors":"K. Frick","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190645908.003.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190645908.003.0028","url":null,"abstract":"Part IV of this book briefly integrates lessons learned among the many chapters and discusses paths forward for future research in both animals and humans. Suggested future directions for animal research include continued efforts to uncover molecular, cell-specific, and circuit-level mechanisms through which estrogens regulate memory, increased attention to glia, de novo estrogen synthesis, interactions between neuromodulators, sex differences, hormonal changes across the lifespan, multiple brain regions, multiple forms of memory, and improving our models of menopause and estrogen therapy. Future clinical work would benefit better understanding the role of various estrogens in regulating cognition and mental illness in humans throughout the lifespan. In particular, many questions remain to be answered for menopausal women, including how reproductive history, menopausal estrogen loss, genetics, diet, stress, metabolic alterations, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation interact to influence memory and mood dysfunction. Addressing these issues will provide sorely needed insights into estrogen regulation of memory.","PeriodicalId":325570,"journal":{"name":"Estrogens and Memory","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114769005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-20DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190645908.003.0019
I. Driscoll, S. Rapp, K. Johnson, M. Espeland
Before 2002, hormone therapy (HT) was commonly prescribed to restore naturally diminishing hormonal levels during and after menopause. HT was also thought to prevent many health conditions faced by menopausal women, including osteoporosis, heart disease, cancer, and dementia. Support for these claims came primarily from epidemiological studies and basic research suggesting biological plausibility. Women now live a third of their life beyond ovarian function cessation. Given that cognitive impairment and dementia increase with age, increasing life expectancy may result in greater public health consequences. This chapter reviews the potential risks and benefits of HT, with a focus on cognitive function. It also discusses the implications of menopausal HT on cognitive impairment and dementia prevention, diagnosis, and treatment for aging women.
{"title":"Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Women","authors":"I. Driscoll, S. Rapp, K. Johnson, M. Espeland","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780190645908.003.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190645908.003.0019","url":null,"abstract":"Before 2002, hormone therapy (HT) was commonly prescribed to restore naturally diminishing hormonal levels during and after menopause. HT was also thought to prevent many health conditions faced by menopausal women, including osteoporosis, heart disease, cancer, and dementia. Support for these claims came primarily from epidemiological studies and basic research suggesting biological plausibility. Women now live a third of their life beyond ovarian function cessation. Given that cognitive impairment and dementia increase with age, increasing life expectancy may result in greater public health consequences. This chapter reviews the potential risks and benefits of HT, with a focus on cognitive function. It also discusses the implications of menopausal HT on cognitive impairment and dementia prevention, diagnosis, and treatment for aging women.","PeriodicalId":325570,"journal":{"name":"Estrogens and Memory","volume":"12 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128446488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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