Pub Date : 2019-06-12DOI: 10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.14
Molla Asmare, Belachew Alelign
Nowadays, Carbon-rich fuels are the principal energy supply utilized for powering human society, and it will be continued for the next some decades. Connecting with this, modern energy technologies are very essential to convert the available limited carbon-rich fuels and other green alternative energies into useful energy efficiently with an insignificant environmental impression. Therefore, the main objectives of this study are assessing the potential of municipal biomass solid waste for briquette production in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia. To conduct this research, various data collection instrument tools were used to achieve the intended objectives for instance questionnaire, direct measurement, field observation and related literature based on necessity. Moreover, to confirm the reliability of the information obtained through a questionnaire, a focus group discussion was conducted with different concerned bodies. The main finding of this study shows that Bahir Dar city has the potential to generate 50.19 tons of municipal biomass solid waste per day. The collected waste was characterized as 82.5% of them is organic waste that may be converted in to clean energy (briquette and biogas) based on their sized whereas the remaining 17.5% of them were inorganic (plastics, glass, and metals) that can be resent for recycling and reuse to their original sources. Biomass-related solid municipal waste is a promising potential to utilize as a feedstock for briquette production. Besides, it has a prodigious role to reduce deforestation, land degradation, save foreign currency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This is because the demands of household’s energy that was fulfilled with wood charcoals and fossil fuels are substituted with locally available renewable energy sources. The experimental results confirmed that all the physicochemical properties of briquette charcoal that are produced from municipal solid biomass waste were acceptable. Besides, the burning efficiency of the briquette, fanning time and carbon content determination were measured and obtained as adequate results based on the standards. Hence, it will be a possible alternative fuel for household energy using a special design stove that is available in the market. It has also played a great role in waste management and treatment system to achieve sustainable clean city developments.
{"title":"Bahir Dar City Municipal Solid Waste Potential Assessment for Clean Energy","authors":"Molla Asmare, Belachew Alelign","doi":"10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.14","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, Carbon-rich fuels are the principal energy supply utilized for powering human society, and it will be continued for the next some decades. Connecting with this, modern energy technologies are very essential to convert the available limited carbon-rich fuels and other green alternative energies into useful energy efficiently with an insignificant environmental impression. Therefore, the main objectives of this study are assessing the potential of municipal biomass solid waste for briquette production in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia. To conduct this research, various data collection instrument tools were used to achieve the intended objectives for instance questionnaire, direct measurement, field observation and related literature based on necessity. Moreover, to confirm the reliability of the information obtained through a questionnaire, a focus group discussion was conducted with different concerned bodies. The main finding of this study shows that Bahir Dar city has the potential to generate 50.19 tons of municipal biomass solid waste per day. The collected waste was characterized as 82.5% of them is organic waste that may be converted in to clean energy (briquette and biogas) based on their sized whereas the remaining 17.5% of them were inorganic (plastics, glass, and metals) that can be resent for recycling and reuse to their original sources. Biomass-related solid municipal waste is a promising potential to utilize as a feedstock for briquette production. Besides, it has a prodigious role to reduce deforestation, land degradation, save foreign currency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This is because the demands of household’s energy that was fulfilled with wood charcoals and fossil fuels are substituted with locally available renewable energy sources. The experimental results confirmed that all the physicochemical properties of briquette charcoal that are produced from municipal solid biomass waste were acceptable. Besides, the burning efficiency of the briquette, fanning time and carbon content determination were measured and obtained as adequate results based on the standards. Hence, it will be a possible alternative fuel for household energy using a special design stove that is available in the market. It has also played a great role in waste management and treatment system to achieve sustainable clean city developments.","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115529381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-12DOI: 10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.13
S. Fu
Deep CO2 mitigation provides a challenge to fossil fuel-fired power industry in liberalized electricity market process. To motivate generator to carry out mitigation action, this article proposed a novel dispatch model for wholesale electricity market under consideration of CO2 emission trade. It couples carbon market with electricity market and utilizes a price-quantity uncorrelated auction way to operate both CO2 allowances and power energy trade. Specifically, this CO2 saving dispatch model works as a dynamic process of, (i) electricity and environment regulators coordinately issue regulatory information; (ii) initial CO2 allowances allocation through carbon market auction; (iii) load demands allocation through wholesale market auction; and (iv) CO2 allowances submarket transaction. This article builds two stochastic mathematical programmings to explore generator’s auction decision in both carbon market and wholesale market, which provides its optimal price-quantity bid curve for CO2 allowances and power energy in each market. Through piece-wise adding up individual demand curve (supply curve) and matching with total supplied allowances (load demanded), market equilibrium is reached. Under this dispatch model, price upper-bound of bid allowances of generators is upward ordered and price lower-bound of bid electricity is downward ordered, according to their operational advantage from weak to strong. Meanwhile their bid electricity upper-bound gets respective capacity constraint or market share regulation. These features imply that the proposed model can prompt economic dispatch, improve resources allocation efficiency and bring about CO2 mitigation effect. Numerical simulations also verified the validity of this CO2 saving dispatch model.
{"title":"An Optimal CO2 Saving Dispatch Model for Wholesale Electricity Market Concerning Emissions Trade","authors":"S. Fu","doi":"10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.13","url":null,"abstract":"Deep CO2 mitigation provides a challenge to fossil fuel-fired power industry in liberalized electricity market process. To motivate generator to carry out mitigation action, this article proposed a novel dispatch model for wholesale electricity market under consideration of CO2 emission trade. It couples carbon market with electricity market and utilizes a price-quantity uncorrelated auction way to operate both CO2 allowances and power energy trade. Specifically, this CO2 saving dispatch model works as a dynamic process of, (i) electricity and environment regulators coordinately issue regulatory information; (ii) initial CO2 allowances allocation through carbon market auction; (iii) load demands allocation through wholesale market auction; and (iv) CO2 allowances submarket transaction. This article builds two stochastic mathematical programmings to explore generator’s auction decision in both carbon market and wholesale market, which provides its optimal price-quantity bid curve for CO2 allowances and power energy in each market. Through piece-wise adding up individual demand curve (supply curve) and matching with total supplied allowances (load demanded), market equilibrium is reached. Under this dispatch model, price upper-bound of bid allowances of generators is upward ordered and price lower-bound of bid electricity is downward ordered, according to their operational advantage from weak to strong. Meanwhile their bid electricity upper-bound gets respective capacity constraint or market share regulation. These features imply that the proposed model can prompt economic dispatch, improve resources allocation efficiency and bring about CO2 mitigation effect. Numerical simulations also verified the validity of this CO2 saving dispatch model.","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128349990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.11
M. Mahmoud, Jeyid Yacoub El Moubarrack, Chighali Ehssein, A. Yahya, A. K. Mahmoud, I. Youm
The photovoltaic (PV) pumping system is a widely used application in Mauritania to ensure the water supply in rural area for populations needs. The system is composed of a PV generator, a DC/DC converter, a DC/AC inverter, a BLDC motor and a centrifugal pump. Study in this article we study with simulation in Matlab/ Simulink environment the performances of the PV pumping system taking into account the climate parameters (solar irradiance, and ambient temperature), and the effect of the total manometric head (HMT) on the pumped flow rate. In addition it also counted the electrical energy and flow rate of the each climatic parameter. Two mathematical motor –pump models for PV application, were proposed in this article to contribute in the studies of PV pumping sizing. These models link directly the operating current to the voltage and electrical power to the flow rate of the pump versus total head.
{"title":"Performance Optimization and Modelization of a Photovoltaic Pumping System","authors":"M. Mahmoud, Jeyid Yacoub El Moubarrack, Chighali Ehssein, A. Yahya, A. K. Mahmoud, I. Youm","doi":"10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJEE.20190701.11","url":null,"abstract":"The photovoltaic (PV) pumping system is a widely used application in Mauritania to ensure the water supply in rural area for populations needs. The system is composed of a PV generator, a DC/DC converter, a DC/AC inverter, a BLDC motor and a centrifugal pump. Study in this article we study with simulation in Matlab/ Simulink environment the performances of the PV pumping system taking into account the climate parameters (solar irradiance, and ambient temperature), and the effect of the total manometric head (HMT) on the pumped flow rate. In addition it also counted the electrical energy and flow rate of the each climatic parameter. Two mathematical motor –pump models for PV application, were proposed in this article to contribute in the studies of PV pumping sizing. These models link directly the operating current to the voltage and electrical power to the flow rate of the pump versus total head.","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134346096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-07DOI: 10.11648/j.ajea.20180601.16
Ayaovi Agbétoméfa Kpeto, Eyouléki Tchéyi Gnadi Palanga, Koffi Sagna, K. A. Amou, K. Bedja
The office electrical, computer or telecom equipment we use on a daily basis emits electromagnetic waves. These waves would have long-term and short-term effects on the human body. Since the direct proofs of cause and effect are still insufficient, a measurement study will be made of these materials in order to know the value of the magnetic field that each of them emits. A discussion of these values against standards’ will lead to the design of a NOCIONDE (application revealing HARMfulness of the WAVEs if it exists). Based on the precautionary principle, NOCIONDE is a web application or a tool for measuring the harmful nature of materials that offers recommendations to users to follow so that they will not be victimized one day if the evidence proves to be true. The aim of this study is to show the harmful character of computer equipment and telecommunications trough the measuring of the electromagnetic field values compared to the standard required by the World Health Organization. The materials’ classification is obtained. In addition, the results of NOCIONDE reveal clearly that the provisions concerning the telephone and other equipment emitting radio waves should be respected.
{"title":"Study and Design of an Application for Measuring the Harmful Character of Computer Equipment and Telecommunications","authors":"Ayaovi Agbétoméfa Kpeto, Eyouléki Tchéyi Gnadi Palanga, Koffi Sagna, K. A. Amou, K. Bedja","doi":"10.11648/j.ajea.20180601.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20180601.16","url":null,"abstract":"The office electrical, computer or telecom equipment we use on a daily basis emits electromagnetic waves. These waves would have long-term and short-term effects on the human body. Since the direct proofs of cause and effect are still insufficient, a measurement study will be made of these materials in order to know the value of the magnetic field that each of them emits. A discussion of these values against standards’ will lead to the design of a NOCIONDE (application revealing HARMfulness of the WAVEs if it exists). Based on the precautionary principle, NOCIONDE is a web application or a tool for measuring the harmful nature of materials that offers recommendations to users to follow so that they will not be victimized one day if the evidence proves to be true. The aim of this study is to show the harmful character of computer equipment and telecommunications trough the measuring of the electromagnetic field values compared to the standard required by the World Health Organization. The materials’ classification is obtained. In addition, the results of NOCIONDE reveal clearly that the provisions concerning the telephone and other equipment emitting radio waves should be respected.","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114709099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajee.20221001.11
Z. Zhai, Shiwei Qi, Haowen Jia, Yongbo Cao, Fangli Du, Jiangwei Bo, Mingshan Tian, Lele Hao
{"title":"Development, Application and Effect Evaluation of the Remote-controlled Automated Needle Valve Intermittent Production System in the L Well Block in China","authors":"Z. Zhai, Shiwei Qi, Haowen Jia, Yongbo Cao, Fangli Du, Jiangwei Bo, Mingshan Tian, Lele Hao","doi":"10.11648/j.ajee.20221001.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20221001.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126582733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.11
Zuhaib Tayar Mirza, B. Vahidi, M. Abedi
{"title":"Renewable Energy Development in India & Iran: A Comparative Review of Renewable Energy Policies","authors":"Zuhaib Tayar Mirza, B. Vahidi, M. Abedi","doi":"10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126958340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.13
Xipo Lu, J. Jin, Wei Kong, Leitao Han
{"title":"Performance Investigation of PCM/Pin Fin Coupled Battery Thermal Management System","authors":"Xipo Lu, J. Jin, Wei Kong, Leitao Han","doi":"10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129638225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.12
S. Ouédraogo, Sampawinde Augustin Zongo, J. Nzihou, T. Daho, A. Béré, Bila Gerard Segda
{"title":"Water Vapor Production by Solar Radiation in a Short Circuit Using a Compound Parabolic Trough Concentrator (CPC)","authors":"S. Ouédraogo, Sampawinde Augustin Zongo, J. Nzihou, T. Daho, A. Béré, Bila Gerard Segda","doi":"10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20221002.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127779998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.11648/j.ajee.20221001.12
Richmond Kwesi Amoah, S. Nunoo, Joseph Cudjoe Attachie
{"title":"Selection of Optimal Locations for Electricity Generation Using Concentrated Solar Power Technologies in Ghana","authors":"Richmond Kwesi Amoah, S. Nunoo, Joseph Cudjoe Attachie","doi":"10.11648/j.ajee.20221001.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20221001.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326389,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115055741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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