Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78559
M. Kanao
{"title":"Summary: Global Seismology and the Polar Region","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78559","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123141726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78551
M. Kanao
During the International Polar Year (IPY 2007–2008), many seismological studies had been carried out in bipolar regions; particularly, advances and progresses in observation networks were established for the purpose of detecting precise data regarding geo- physical studies. In this chapter, major seismological projects during the IPY, in both the Antarctic and the Arctic regions, are introduced with their fruitful scientific results and involved logistic operations.
{"title":"An Overview of Seismological Projects during the International Polar Year","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78551","url":null,"abstract":"During the International Polar Year (IPY 2007–2008), many seismological studies had been carried out in bipolar regions; particularly, advances and progresses in observation networks were established for the purpose of detecting precise data regarding geo- physical studies. In this chapter, major seismological projects during the IPY, in both the Antarctic and the Arctic regions, are introduced with their fruitful scientific results and involved logistic operations.","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116981851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78556
M. Kanao
Several international programs to deploy broadband seismic stations over the Antarctic continent were conducted during the International Polar Year (IPY 2007–2008). Antarctica’s Gamburtsev Province (AGAP)/Gamburtsev Mountains Seismic Experiment (GAMSEIS), which was a part of AGAP and the Polar Earth Observing Network (POLENET), contributed greatly to establish a geophysical network in Antarctica. AGAP/GAMSEIS was an internationally coordinated deployment of more than 30 seismographs over the crest of the Gamburtsev Mountains and the areas of Dome-A, -C, and -F. The project provided a detailed information on the crust and mantle structures and, key constraints on the origin of the Gamburtsev Mountains and more broadly on the structure and evolution of the East Antarctic craton and subglacial environment. With the data from GAMSEIS and POLENET, the local and regional seismic signals associated with ice movements, oceanic loadings, and local meteorological variations were recorded in addition to a number of teleseismic events around the globe. The characteristic seismic signals of local origin in the inland plateau of the ice sheet were demonstrated with a capability to investigate subglacial environment, particularly at the marginal areas of the East Antarctic continent.
在国际极地年(IPY 2007-2008)期间，在南极大陆部署宽带地震台站的几个国际项目进行了。作为AGAP和极地地球观测网(POLENET)的一部分，南极甘布尔采夫省/甘布尔采夫山脉地震实验(GAMSEIS)为建立南极地球物理台网做出了重要贡献。AGAP/GAMSEIS是在Gamburtsev山脉顶部和Dome-A, c -C和-F地区部署的30多个地震仪的国际协调部署。该项目提供了关于地壳和地幔结构的详细信息，以及关于甘布尔采夫山脉起源的关键限制因素，以及更广泛地关于南极东部克拉通和冰下环境的结构和演化的信息。利用GAMSEIS和POLENET的数据，除了记录全球范围内的一些远震事件外，还记录了与冰运动、海洋负荷和当地气象变化相关的局部和区域地震信号。冰盖内陆高原局部起源的特征地震信号被证明具有调查冰下环境的能力，特别是在南极大陆东部边缘地区。
{"title":"Seismic Detection in the Inland Plateau of East Antarctica","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78556","url":null,"abstract":"Several international programs to deploy broadband seismic stations over the Antarctic continent were conducted during the International Polar Year (IPY 2007–2008). Antarctica’s Gamburtsev Province (AGAP)/Gamburtsev Mountains Seismic Experiment (GAMSEIS), which was a part of AGAP and the Polar Earth Observing Network (POLENET), contributed greatly to establish a geophysical network in Antarctica. AGAP/GAMSEIS was an internationally coordinated deployment of more than 30 seismographs over the crest of the Gamburtsev Mountains and the areas of Dome-A, -C, and -F. The project provided a detailed information on the crust and mantle structures and, key constraints on the origin of the Gamburtsev Mountains and more broadly on the structure and evolution of the East Antarctic craton and subglacial environment. With the data from GAMSEIS and POLENET, the local and regional seismic signals associated with ice movements, oceanic loadings, and local meteorological variations were recorded in addition to a number of teleseismic events around the globe. The characteristic seismic signals of local origin in the inland plateau of the ice sheet were demonstrated with a capability to investigate subglacial environment, particularly at the marginal areas of the East Antarctic continent.","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123232605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78552
M. Kanao
Seismological studies on the deep interiors of the Earth (depth range from the mantle to the inner core) viewed from the polar region have an advantage to promote global geosci-ences, such as for revealing the heterogeneous structural variations along the latitude from the poles to the equators. In this chapter, major seismological investigations, which had been held during the IPY, particularly newly identified founding of deep interiors of the Earth, will be introduced.
{"title":"Seismological Studies on the Deep Interiors of the Earth Viewed from the Polar Region","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78552","url":null,"abstract":"Seismological studies on the deep interiors of the Earth (depth range from the mantle to the inner core) viewed from the polar region have an advantage to promote global geosci-ences, such as for revealing the heterogeneous structural variations along the latitude from the poles to the equators. In this chapter, major seismological investigations, which had been held during the IPY, particularly newly identified founding of deep interiors of the Earth, will be introduced.","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114963187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78554
M. Kanao
During the International Polar Year (IPY 2007–2008), several seismological research studies have been conducted as a part of geophysical observations in bipolar regions. In this chapter, recent studies involving seismicity in bipolar regions are introduced on the basis of compiled data from the International Seismological Centre (ISC). The relationship between the present seismicity and the heterogeneous structure of the crust and upper mantle is discussed, together with a review of geoscientific achievements in terms of the tectonic history of the Earth.
{"title":"Studies on Seismicity in the Polar Region","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78554","url":null,"abstract":"During the International Polar Year (IPY 2007–2008), several seismological research studies have been conducted as a part of geophysical observations in bipolar regions. In this chapter, recent studies involving seismicity in bipolar regions are introduced on the basis of compiled data from the International Seismological Centre (ISC). The relationship between the present seismicity and the heterogeneous structure of the crust and upper mantle is discussed, together with a review of geoscientific achievements in terms of the tectonic history of the Earth.","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114707796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78558
M. Kanao
Among the environmental variations in the surface layers of the Earth, global warming and those involving multisphere interactions in the polar region are reviewed with scientific research funding. By focusing on the wavelet phenomena with various generating sources within the Earth’s system, interdisciplinary research studies are conducted on the influences and responses to climate change in the polar region.
{"title":"Interactions among Multispheres of the Earth’s System and Polar Regions","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78558","url":null,"abstract":"Among the environmental variations in the surface layers of the Earth, global warming and those involving multisphere interactions in the polar region are reviewed with scientific research funding. By focusing on the wavelet phenomena with various generating sources within the Earth’s system, interdisciplinary research studies are conducted on the influences and responses to climate change in the polar region.","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127338206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78557
M. Kanao
“Cryoseismology” is a new branch of interdisciplinary science, which treats glacierrelated seismic events and their dynamics associated with the variable phenomenon of the Earth’s surface. Cryoseismology is considered to be one of the proxies for detecting environmental variations, particularly in the polar region, which contains the majority volume of the cryosphere of the planet. Various kinds of cryoseismic signals recently reported are reviewed by classifying them into several categories on the basis of their occurrence locations and focal dynamics. Temporal-spatial variations in cryoseismic activities and their wave propagation characteristics could demonstrate a new image of cryodynamics, which have not yet been known well before but have a significant impact on the global environment and human activities.
{"title":"A New Trend in Cryoseismology: A Proxy for Detecting the Polar Surface Environment","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78557","url":null,"abstract":"“Cryoseismology” is a new branch of interdisciplinary science, which treats glacierrelated seismic events and their dynamics associated with the variable phenomenon of the Earth’s surface. Cryoseismology is considered to be one of the proxies for detecting environmental variations, particularly in the polar region, which contains the majority volume of the cryosphere of the planet. Various kinds of cryoseismic signals recently reported are reviewed by classifying them into several categories on the basis of their occurrence locations and focal dynamics. Temporal-spatial variations in cryoseismic activities and their wave propagation characteristics could demonstrate a new image of cryodynamics, which have not yet been known well before but have a significant impact on the global environment and human activities.","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126297660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78553
M. Kanao
During the International Polar Year (IPY 2007–2008), a number of seismological studies regarding the structure and dynamics of the Earth’s surface layers, the static inner structure of the crystalline crust and lithosphere involving Earth’s history, earthquake occurrence mechanism, inner deformation of the plates, crustal movement relating to deglaciation, seismic isotropy, and the other topics of the ice sheet overlying the solid earth were conducted. In this chapter, recent seismological results as for the structural study of the crust, plates, and ice sheet in bipolar regions are overviewed.
{"title":"Structural Studies on the Earth’s Crust, Plates, and the Ice Sheet in the Polar Region","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78553","url":null,"abstract":"During the International Polar Year (IPY 2007–2008), a number of seismological studies regarding the structure and dynamics of the Earth’s surface layers, the static inner structure of the crystalline crust and lithosphere involving Earth’s history, earthquake occurrence mechanism, inner deformation of the plates, crustal movement relating to deglaciation, seismic isotropy, and the other topics of the ice sheet overlying the solid earth were conducted. In this chapter, recent seismological results as for the structural study of the crust, plates, and ice sheet in bipolar regions are overviewed.","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122995225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78550
M. Kanao
Several kinds of seismological investigations have been conducted in the polar region, which include the areas of both the Arctic and the Antarctic regions, in various depth ranges from the surface layers to the deep interiors of the Earth. The polar region has an advantage in order to seek inside the physical condition of the Earth as a “window” viewed from high latitudes. In this chapter, historical issues and progress of seismic research and its observations in the polar region are demonstrated during the last halfcentury from the era of the International Geophysical Year (IGY 1957–1958).
{"title":"Introduction: Progress of Seismology in Polar Region","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78550","url":null,"abstract":"Several kinds of seismological investigations have been conducted in the polar region, which include the areas of both the Arctic and the Antarctic regions, in various depth ranges from the surface layers to the deep interiors of the Earth. The polar region has an advantage in order to seek inside the physical condition of the Earth as a “window” viewed from high latitudes. In this chapter, historical issues and progress of seismic research and its observations in the polar region are demonstrated during the last halfcentury from the era of the International Geophysical Year (IGY 1957–1958).","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130556280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78555
M. Kanao
Among the various kinds of seismological features observed in the polar region, the characteristics of the wavelets and involved seismicity related to cryosphere dynamics are introduced to mark a decade of advances in “cryoseismology.” Classifying the seis- mic waves originating from the cryosphere dynamics and understanding the generating mechanism as well as the temporal-spatial distributions in seismicity should be important in order to realize surface environmental variations associated with global warming in the polar region.
{"title":"A Decade of Advances in Cryoseismology","authors":"M. Kanao","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.78555","url":null,"abstract":"Among the various kinds of seismological features observed in the polar region, the characteristics of the wavelets and involved seismicity related to cryosphere dynamics are introduced to mark a decade of advances in “cryoseismology.” Classifying the seis- mic waves originating from the cryosphere dynamics and understanding the generating mechanism as well as the temporal-spatial distributions in seismicity should be important in order to realize surface environmental variations associated with global warming in the polar region.","PeriodicalId":326415,"journal":{"name":"Polar Seismology - Advances and Impact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123184020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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