The nano materials of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) were studied to exhibit excellent properties of semi conductors and are also used as nano wires and nano rods in varied applications. In the fields of aroma sensors, Zinc Oxide acts as a very good gas sensing agent. The Zinc Oxide has properties of changing electrical conductivity and resistance values when exposed to gas sensing atmosphere. This experimental research is to identify the changes in the resistivity values when exposed to ethanol vapors at different vapor pressures. The Zinc Oxide nano films are designed by dip coating process, which results in different resistance values when exposed on the ethanol vapors. The prepared thin film of Zinc Oxide is capable of detecting the presence of ethanol vapors when doped with PVA (poly vinyl alcohol) at 3% concentration. This produces efficient results and detects the presence of ethanol even at high and low vapor pressure.
{"title":"Aroma Detection of Ethanol Content in Fruits Using ZnO Doped Nano Thin Films","authors":"K. Ganapathy, Bhuvaneswari Balachander, A. S","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3351008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3351008","url":null,"abstract":"The nano materials of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) were studied to exhibit excellent properties of semi conductors and are also used as nano wires and nano rods in varied applications. In the fields of aroma sensors, Zinc Oxide acts as a very good gas sensing agent. The Zinc Oxide has properties of changing electrical conductivity and resistance values when exposed to gas sensing atmosphere. This experimental research is to identify the changes in the resistivity values when exposed to ethanol vapors at different vapor pressures. The Zinc Oxide nano films are designed by dip coating process, which results in different resistance values when exposed on the ethanol vapors. The prepared thin film of Zinc Oxide is capable of detecting the presence of ethanol vapors when doped with PVA (poly vinyl alcohol) at 3% concentration. This produces efficient results and detects the presence of ethanol even at high and low vapor pressure.<br>","PeriodicalId":326657,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Nanomaterials (Topic)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124091162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective systemic therapy is highly desired for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, a combination of nanoparticles of poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)/combretastatin A4 sodium salt (CA4-NPs) plus sorafenib is developed for the cooperative systemic treatment of HCC. The CA4-NPs leads to the disruption of established tumor blood vessels and extensive tumor necrosis, however, inducing increased expression of VEGF-A and angiogenesis. Sorafenib reduces the VEGF-A induced angiogenesis and further inhibits tumor proliferation, cooperating with the CA4-NPs. A significant decrease in tumor volume and prolonged survival time are observed in the combination group of CA4-NPs plus sorafenib compared with CA4-NPs or sorafenib monotherapy in subcutaneous and orthotopic H22 hepatic tumor models. Seventy-one percent of the mice are alive without residual tumor at 96 days post tumor inoculation for the subcutaneous models treated with CA4-NPs 30 or 35 mg·kg-1 plus sorafenib 30 mg·kg-1. Our findings suggest that co-administration of sorafenib and CA4-NPs possesses significant antitumor efficacy for HCC treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Effective systemic therapy is highly desired for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we demonstrate that a combination of nanoparticles of poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)/combretastatin A4 sodium salt (CA4-NPs) plus sorafenib is a promising synergistic approach for systemic treatment of HCC. The CA4-NPs leads to the disruption of established tumor blood vessels and extensive tumor necrosis, however, inducing increased expression of VEGF-A and angiogenesis. Sorafenib reduces the VEGF-A induced angiogenesis and further inhibits tumor proliferation, cooperating with the CA4-NPs.
{"title":"Co-Administration of Combretastatin A4 Nanoparticles and Sorafenib for Systemic Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Yalin Wang, Haiyang Yu, Dawei Zhang, Guanyi Wang, Wantong Song, Yingmin Liu, Sheng Ma, Zhaohui Tang, Ziling Liu, K. Sakurai, Xuesi Chen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3325395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3325395","url":null,"abstract":"Effective systemic therapy is highly desired for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, a combination of nanoparticles of poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)/combretastatin A4 sodium salt (CA4-NPs) plus sorafenib is developed for the cooperative systemic treatment of HCC. The CA4-NPs leads to the disruption of established tumor blood vessels and extensive tumor necrosis, however, inducing increased expression of VEGF-A and angiogenesis. Sorafenib reduces the VEGF-A induced angiogenesis and further inhibits tumor proliferation, cooperating with the CA4-NPs. A significant decrease in tumor volume and prolonged survival time are observed in the combination group of CA4-NPs plus sorafenib compared with CA4-NPs or sorafenib monotherapy in subcutaneous and orthotopic H22 hepatic tumor models. Seventy-one percent of the mice are alive without residual tumor at 96 days post tumor inoculation for the subcutaneous models treated with CA4-NPs 30 or 35 mg·kg-1 plus sorafenib 30 mg·kg-1. Our findings suggest that co-administration of sorafenib and CA4-NPs possesses significant antitumor efficacy for HCC treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Effective systemic therapy is highly desired for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we demonstrate that a combination of nanoparticles of poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)/combretastatin A4 sodium salt (CA4-NPs) plus sorafenib is a promising synergistic approach for systemic treatment of HCC. The CA4-NPs leads to the disruption of established tumor blood vessels and extensive tumor necrosis, however, inducing increased expression of VEGF-A and angiogenesis. Sorafenib reduces the VEGF-A induced angiogenesis and further inhibits tumor proliferation, cooperating with the CA4-NPs.","PeriodicalId":326657,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Nanomaterials (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131543488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We investigate the influence of microstructural properties on the plastic deformation behavior of Cu64 Zr36 nanoglasses by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Two different setups are used to prepare nanoglasses. One sample type is a nanoglass obtained by cold-compaction of chemically homogenous and inhomogenous nanoparticles. The second type is generated by assembling pre-shaped polyhedral cuts from the bulk phase. A detailed analysis of both types of microstructures shows that the volume fraction of interfaces in the particle-derived nanoglasses is significantly higher than in the bulk-derived nanoglasses with the same average grain size. The simulations also reveal a clearly distinct plastic response on uniaxial loading: The particle derived samples do not show a stress drop upon yielding, very little strain localization and no strain softening, whereas the bulk-derived samples exhibit a stress drop, strain softening and large strain localization upon loading. These findings are explained in terms of the different glass-glass interfaces present in both structure types. Our results therefore show that the macroscopic deformation behavior of metallic nanoglasses is intimately linked to the structure and topology of the glass-glass interfaces which in turn depend on the processing route.
{"title":"Influence of Microstructural Features on the Plastic Deformation Behavior of Metallic Nanoglasses","authors":"O. Adjaoud, K. Albe","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3300055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3300055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We investigate the influence of microstructural properties on the plastic deformation behavior of Cu64 Zr36 nanoglasses by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Two different setups are used to prepare nanoglasses. One sample type is a nanoglass obtained by cold-compaction of chemically homogenous and inhomogenous nanoparticles. The second type is generated by assembling pre-shaped polyhedral cuts from the bulk phase. A detailed analysis of both types of microstructures shows that the volume fraction of interfaces in the particle-derived nanoglasses is significantly higher than in the bulk-derived nanoglasses with the same average grain size. The simulations also reveal a clearly distinct plastic response on uniaxial loading: The particle derived samples do not show a stress drop upon yielding, very little strain localization and no strain softening, whereas the bulk-derived samples exhibit a stress drop, strain softening and large strain localization upon loading. These findings are explained in terms of the different glass-glass interfaces present in both structure types. Our results therefore show that the macroscopic deformation behavior of metallic nanoglasses is intimately linked to the structure and topology of the glass-glass interfaces which in turn depend on the processing route.","PeriodicalId":326657,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Nanomaterials (Topic)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124501004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This monograph provides a brief historical review of nanotechnology and its role in nanomedicine followed by a concise but thorough and subject oriented guide to key nanomedicine literature.
{"title":"Improving Human Health at the Atomic Level: A Bibliographic Survey of Nanomedicine","authors":"D. Stirling","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2835844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2835844","url":null,"abstract":"This monograph provides a brief historical review of nanotechnology and its role in nanomedicine followed by a concise but thorough and subject oriented guide to key nanomedicine literature.","PeriodicalId":326657,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Nanomaterials (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132548581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The world of sensing technology is expanding into new horizons owing to its exceptional selectivity and sensitivity-based applicability. This remarkable sensing progress has been positively influenced by the conjugation of biology, material sciences, and nanotechnology into an advanced sensing technology. The combination of biology with nanotechnology has allowed sensing technology to enable faster, cheaper, and more reliable evaluations and applications in various scientific domains. Thus, a new era in sensing has been developed into nano biosensing technology. Environmental monitoring, various processes assessment, contaminates detections, and complex environmental forensics are among the most promising applications of nanobiosensors and thus a thrust area of research. In this regard, the nanobiosensors containing non-carbon nanomaterials such as metals, metal oxides, their composites, non-metals other than carbon, and their conjugations, etc. have been flocking significant attention to remarkable potential in this thrust area of environmental science and research. Thus the present chapter highlights the role and importance of non-carbon-based nanobiosensors, their recent advancements, and the major factors that made the non-carbon-based nanobiosensors a preferential and successful choice in nano biosensing technologies. The chapter highlights the environmental applications of non-carbon-based nanobiosensors and the key future challenges associated with this technology.
{"title":"Nano Biosensors Containing Non-Carbon-Based Nanomaterials to Access Environmental Pollution Level","authors":"Dr. Vishnu Kiran Manam","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3869459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3869459","url":null,"abstract":"The world of sensing technology is expanding into new horizons owing to its exceptional selectivity and sensitivity-based applicability. This remarkable sensing progress has been positively influenced by the conjugation of biology, material sciences, and nanotechnology into an advanced sensing technology. The combination of biology with nanotechnology has allowed sensing technology to enable faster, cheaper, and more reliable evaluations and applications in various scientific domains. Thus, a new era in sensing has been developed into nano biosensing technology. Environmental monitoring, various processes assessment, contaminates detections, and complex environmental forensics are among the most promising applications of nanobiosensors and thus a thrust area of research. In this regard, the nanobiosensors containing non-carbon nanomaterials such as metals, metal oxides, their composites, non-metals other than carbon, and their conjugations, etc. have been flocking significant attention to remarkable potential in this thrust area of environmental science and research. Thus the present chapter highlights the role and importance of non-carbon-based nanobiosensors, their recent advancements, and the major factors that made the non-carbon-based nanobiosensors a preferential and successful choice in nano biosensing technologies. The chapter highlights the environmental applications of non-carbon-based nanobiosensors and the key future challenges associated with this technology.","PeriodicalId":326657,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Nanomaterials (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130834918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydroxyapatite, Ca10(PO4) 6(OH)2, is considered as an important apatite-type material for the incorporation and disposal of actinides and fission products. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with different size ranging from 20 nm to 280 nm were synthesized via calcining the bovine bones under different temperatures and durations. The samples are irradiated with 1 MeV Kr2+ ions and 200 keV electrons to study the displacive and ionizing effects on the irradiation behaviors. In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation shows hydroxyapatite nanoparticles can be amorphized by 1 MeV Kr2+ ions and the previously amorphized samples experience a rapid ionizing-radiation-induced recrystallization upon 200 keV electrons irradiation. A strong size dependence on the displacive irradiation-induced amorphization and ionizing irradiation-induced recrystallization are observed. Under ion irradiation, a lower critical temperature T c is observed for a larger sized sample, indicating enhanced amorphization tolerance. This result indicates excess surface energy as a result of larger surface area resulting from the reduced size, may lower the energy barrier between the crystalline phase and amorphous state, degrading the radiation tolerance. Whereas under electron irradiation, the recrystallization fluences decrease with the reduction of particle size since a higher density of dangling bonds exist in a smaller sized hydroxyapatite. These unstable bonds are relatively easy to break and reforming under ionizing electron irradiation, which drives the recrystallization process.
{"title":"In situ TEM Study of Size Dependence on Radiation-Induced Amorphization and Recrystallization of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles","authors":"Jianren Zhou, M. Kirk, P. Baldo, Fengyuan Lu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3818059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3818059","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxyapatite, Ca<sub>10</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>) <sub>6</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>, is considered as an important apatite-type material for the incorporation and disposal of actinides and fission products. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with different size ranging from 20 nm to 280 nm were synthesized via calcining the bovine bones under different temperatures and durations. The samples are irradiated with 1 MeV Kr<sup>2+</sup> ions and 200 keV electrons to study the displacive and ionizing effects on the irradiation behaviors. <i>In situ</i> transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation shows hydroxyapatite nanoparticles can be amorphized by 1 MeV Kr<sup>2+</sup> ions and the previously amorphized samples experience a rapid ionizing-radiation-induced recrystallization upon 200 keV electrons irradiation. A strong size dependence on the displacive irradiation-induced amorphization and ionizing irradiation-induced recrystallization are observed. Under ion irradiation, a lower critical temperature <i>T <sub>c</sub> </i> is observed for a larger sized sample, indicating enhanced amorphization tolerance. This result indicates excess surface energy as a result of larger surface area resulting from the reduced size, may lower the energy barrier between the crystalline phase and amorphous state, degrading the radiation tolerance. Whereas under electron irradiation, the recrystallization fluences decrease with the reduction of particle size since a higher density of dangling bonds exist in a smaller sized hydroxyapatite. These unstable bonds are relatively easy to break and reforming under ionizing electron irradiation, which drives the recrystallization process.","PeriodicalId":326657,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Nanomaterials (Topic)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116200896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuiyuan Yang, Lipeng Guo, X. Qing, S. Hong, Ji-xun Zhang, Yuhua Wen, Cuiping Wang, Xingjun Liu
Shape memory alloys can recover the deformed shape due to their superelasticity or shape memory effect. Generally, in one shape memory alloy either the superelasticity or shape memory effect can be displayed under a certain temperature, depending on the relationship between the martensitic transformation and deformation temperature. Here we report novel Cu-Al-Mn-Fe shape memory material simultaneously showing excellent superelasticity and shape memory effect at room temperature, as well as tunably wide response temperature range with near-zero interval of reverse phase transformation by deformation. When deforming one single crystal at room temperature, it not only possesses full superelasticity of 7%, but also tunable shape memory effects up to 8.8%. The full shape recovery during heating exhibits near-zero response interval and tunably wide response temperature range of 166 K depending on the deformation. The functional characteristics of the alloys result from the controllable reverse phase transformation hinging on the stabilization of stress-induced martensite induced by completely coherent nanoparticles during deformation. This class of Cu-Al-Mn-Fe alloys may be used as both superelastic materials, and shape memory materials with wide working temperature range as high-sensitive detector, driver or sensor.
{"title":"Tunable Large Recovery Strain and Wide Response Temperature with Near-Zero Response Interval in Cu-Al-Mn-Fe Single Crystals","authors":"Shuiyuan Yang, Lipeng Guo, X. Qing, S. Hong, Ji-xun Zhang, Yuhua Wen, Cuiping Wang, Xingjun Liu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3494608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3494608","url":null,"abstract":"Shape memory alloys can recover the deformed shape due to their superelasticity or shape memory effect. Generally, in one shape memory alloy either the superelasticity or shape memory effect can be displayed under a certain temperature, depending on the relationship between the martensitic transformation and deformation temperature. Here we report novel Cu-Al-Mn-Fe shape memory material simultaneously showing excellent superelasticity and shape memory effect at room temperature, as well as tunably wide response temperature range with near-zero interval of reverse phase transformation by deformation. When deforming one single crystal at room temperature, it not only possesses full superelasticity of 7%, but also tunable shape memory effects up to 8.8%. The full shape recovery during heating exhibits near-zero response interval and tunably wide response temperature range of 166 K depending on the deformation. The functional characteristics of the alloys result from the controllable reverse phase transformation hinging on the stabilization of stress-induced martensite induced by completely coherent nanoparticles during deformation. This class of Cu-Al-Mn-Fe alloys may be used as both superelastic materials, and shape memory materials with wide working temperature range as high-sensitive detector, driver or sensor.","PeriodicalId":326657,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Nanomaterials (Topic)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124922440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Yang, Suzhi Li, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, J. Weiss, E. Salje
Alpha-Fe nanowires are seeded with twin walls (TBs) with orientations perpendicular to the wire direction. Twisting the wire generates topological defects in the twin walls, namely new twin boundaries (kinks) inside the twin walls for small twist angles, and junctions between kinks for large twist angles. During twisting the kink motion is jerky and uncorrelated at small twisting angles. The probability density function (PDF) of jerk energies follows approximately a Gaussian distribution, indicating a mild deformation mode. The kink dynamics transforms from mild to wild at larger twist angles when complex twin patterns with a high density of junctions are generated. The collective motion of kinks now shows avalanche behavior with the energy being power-law distributed. The wildness, which measures the proportion of strain energy relaxed through such avalanches, is correlated with the junction density, and controlled by the external length scale (wire diameter) as well as an internal length scale (twin boundary spacing). Good strain-stress recoverability is achieved when unloading the wire before the formation of complex twin patterns. We correlate the evolution of twin patterns with a statistical analysis of jerk dynamics, which identifies the unique mechanical properties governed by twin boundary motion in nanowires.
{"title":"Twisting of Pre-Twinned Alpha-Fe Nanowires: From Mild to Wild Avalanche Dynamics","authors":"Yang Yang, Suzhi Li, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, J. Weiss, E. Salje","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3542918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3542918","url":null,"abstract":"Alpha-Fe nanowires are seeded with twin walls (TBs) with orientations perpendicular to the wire direction. Twisting the wire generates topological defects in the twin walls, namely new twin boundaries (kinks) inside the twin walls for small twist angles, and junctions between kinks for large twist angles. During twisting the kink motion is jerky and uncorrelated at small twisting angles. The probability density function (PDF) of jerk energies follows approximately a Gaussian distribution, indicating a mild deformation mode. The kink dynamics transforms from mild to wild at larger twist angles when complex twin patterns with a high density of junctions are generated. The collective motion of kinks now shows avalanche behavior with the energy being power-law distributed. The wildness, which measures the proportion of strain energy relaxed through such avalanches, is correlated with the junction density, and controlled by the external length scale (wire diameter) as well as an internal length scale (twin boundary spacing). Good strain-stress recoverability is achieved when unloading the wire before the formation of complex twin patterns. We correlate the evolution of twin patterns with a statistical analysis of jerk dynamics, which identifies the unique mechanical properties governed by twin boundary motion in nanowires.","PeriodicalId":326657,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Other Nanomaterials (Topic)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129003165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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