Avryana Baso, I Gusti Ngurah Krisna Dana, Ulfa Aulia Syamsuri
Nutmeg cultivation in Banda Neira integrally involves middlemen, brokers who connect nutmeg farmers with the global market. Studies of such middlemen tend to emphasise the negative effects of their relationship with farmers. However, some research on their positive impact has also been conducted. This study seeks to explain the positive effects of middlemen by describing the flexibility of the brokered system. This descriptive-qualitative research, using data sourced from a study of the literature as well as interviews with resource persons, finds that flexibility has been created with the support of a communal social system that has carefully been maintained by middlemen in the nutmeg distribution scheme and supply chain. In the nutmeg distribution scheme, farmers have the option to sell nutmeg to a private actor—PT Kamboti —, but this option is not accessible to all smallholders because of the company’s profit-oriented (market) logic. This study concludes that middlemen play a flexible role, one which is positively and highly related to the social context that they have helped create and maintain. These middlemen tend to present themselves as the brothers, or at least relatives, of the farmers. As these middlemen prioritise social approaches to increase social bonding, there is no resistance to their involvement in the nutmeg distribution scheme in Maluku.
{"title":"The Flexible Role of Middlemen in the Nutmeg Distribution Scheme in Maluku","authors":"Avryana Baso, I Gusti Ngurah Krisna Dana, Ulfa Aulia Syamsuri","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i2.7565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i2.7565","url":null,"abstract":"Nutmeg cultivation in Banda Neira integrally involves middlemen, brokers who connect nutmeg farmers with the global market. Studies of such middlemen tend to emphasise the negative effects of their relationship with farmers. However, some research on their positive impact has also been conducted. This study seeks to explain the positive effects of middlemen by describing the flexibility of the brokered system. This descriptive-qualitative research, using data sourced from a study of the literature as well as interviews with resource persons, finds that flexibility has been created with the support of a communal social system that has carefully been maintained by middlemen in the nutmeg distribution scheme and supply chain. In the nutmeg distribution scheme, farmers have the option to sell nutmeg to a private actor—PT Kamboti —, but this option is not accessible to all smallholders because of the company’s profit-oriented (market) logic. This study concludes that middlemen play a flexible role, one which is positively and highly related to the social context that they have helped create and maintain. These middlemen tend to present themselves as the brothers, or at least relatives, of the farmers. As these middlemen prioritise social approaches to increase social bonding, there is no resistance to their involvement in the nutmeg distribution scheme in Maluku.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135876383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the political performance of pro-democracy activists in Indonesia after the end of the New Order. Using a democratic transformative politics approach, this study confronts aspects of the political capacity of pro-democracy activists with the need for popular control to work effectively. It finds that activists have been disoriented towards the development of political capacity and popular control. This study contributes to the study of Indonesian democracy by placing the issue of political capacity for building popular control as an integral part of the problem of democracy. The problems of democratisation are not only caused by the domination of political elites who have established oligarchies, but also by pro-democracy activists themselves ignoring the importance of developing collective political capacity as a means of advancing popular control. This study urges pro-democracy activists to re-orient their political capacity building and work with an agenda of consolidating the demos for civic democracy. Pro-democracy activists need to develop a systematic strategy of politicisation to strengthen citizens’ collective power through civic associations as a substitute forconstituents and voters.
{"title":"The Disorientation of the Political Capacity of Indonesian Pro-Democracy Activists","authors":"Willy Purna Samadhi","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i2.6249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i2.6249","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the political performance of pro-democracy activists in Indonesia after the end of the New Order. Using a democratic transformative politics approach, this study confronts aspects of the political capacity of pro-democracy activists with the need for popular control to work effectively. It finds that activists have been disoriented towards the development of political capacity and popular control. This study contributes to the study of Indonesian democracy by placing the issue of political capacity for building popular control as an integral part of the problem of democracy. The problems of democratisation are not only caused by the domination of political elites who have established oligarchies, but also by pro-democracy activists themselves ignoring the importance of developing collective political capacity as a means of advancing popular control. This study urges pro-democracy activists to re-orient their political capacity building and work with an agenda of consolidating the demos for civic democracy. Pro-democracy activists need to develop a systematic strategy of politicisation to strengthen citizens’ collective power through civic associations as a substitute forconstituents and voters.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135239035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to analyse the conflicts that stemmed from the relocation of street vendors in Simpang Lima, Pati Regency. This conflict is distinct because it is not only related to the refusal to relocate and improve facility quality, but also local government policies that failed to comprehensively address the problem, thereby wasting time and funds. This qualitative research adapts the Policy Conflict Framework (PCF) to analyse data collected through interviews and literature studies. It thus applies the latest and most appropriate framework for comprehensively analysing policy conflicts, particularly those related to the power relations between stakeholders. In so doing, it finds that relocation resulted from a regulatory mandate that was based on considerations made by the government when carrying out public governance. However, this policy created conflicts due to problems with its content and processes. The conflict in this study is evidence that involved actors’ willingness to compromise is one important factor in reducing conflict intensity.
{"title":"Policy Conflict: A Conflict Analysis of the Relocation Policy of Street Vendors in Simpang Lima, Pati Regency","authors":"Bhakti Gusti Walinegoro, Junaidul Fitriyono","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i2.6312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i2.6312","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyse the conflicts that stemmed from the relocation of street vendors in Simpang Lima, Pati Regency. This conflict is distinct because it is not only related to the refusal to relocate and improve facility quality, but also local government policies that failed to comprehensively address the problem, thereby wasting time and funds. This qualitative research adapts the Policy Conflict Framework (PCF) to analyse data collected through interviews and literature studies. It thus applies the latest and most appropriate framework for comprehensively analysing policy conflicts, particularly those related to the power relations between stakeholders. In so doing, it finds that relocation resulted from a regulatory mandate that was based on considerations made by the government when carrying out public governance. However, this policy created conflicts due to problems with its content and processes. The conflict in this study is evidence that involved actors’ willingness to compromise is one important factor in reducing conflict intensity.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135239034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study observes social movement in digitalized world along with its role in public policy process. It is especially on how the social movement has access as well as spread and was formed the knowledge in the digitalized world. This study is essential to be further explored in order to enrich the theories of governance and public policies in the digital era. The case to be studied here is anti-vaccine movement in Facebook which has developed in the digitalized world in the context of socio-politics of the Indonesian people in 2018-2019 and using a Content Analysis as method. This study result is that the Anti-vaccine Movement in Indonesia rejected the vaccine program by attacking knowledge hegemony created by medical institutions and government. It has formed a new knowledge by issuing a counter discourse toward the medical discourse. The argument centered on moral anger and structural repression by government agencies, worldwide institutions, pharmacy industries and media and shows the strong logic based on the religious believe idea. This fact shows that the social media plays a role in spreading the ideas of anti-vaccine and gives a way for the movement to develop and to have a strong network which is dynamic and can survive for a long period of time. By mobilizing knowledge through a social movement in the digitalized world, the anti-vaccine movement in Indonesia has a wider network and has a potential to influence the successful of the government program.
{"title":"Knowledge Mobilization of Anti-vaccine Movement in Social Media","authors":"N. Widyaningrum, L. Trisnantoro","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5898","url":null,"abstract":"This study observes social movement in digitalized world along with its role in public policy process. It is especially on how the social movement has access as well as spread and was formed the knowledge in the digitalized world. This study is essential to be further explored in order to enrich the theories of governance and public policies in the digital era. The case to be studied here is anti-vaccine movement in Facebook which has developed in the digitalized world in the context of socio-politics of the Indonesian people in 2018-2019 and using a Content Analysis as method. This study result is that the Anti-vaccine Movement in Indonesia rejected the vaccine program by attacking knowledge hegemony created by medical institutions and government. It has formed a new knowledge by issuing a counter discourse toward the medical discourse. The argument centered on moral anger and structural repression by government agencies, worldwide institutions, pharmacy industries and media and shows the strong logic based on the religious believe idea. This fact shows that the social media plays a role in spreading the ideas of anti-vaccine and gives a way for the movement to develop and to have a strong network which is dynamic and can survive for a long period of time. By mobilizing knowledge through a social movement in the digitalized world, the anti-vaccine movement in Indonesia has a wider network and has a potential to influence the successful of the government program.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86553789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article discusses land contestation as a factor in the creation of agrarian conflict and the marginalisation of local people. Through field research in Register 45 Mesuji, Lampung, the author explores the geographical displacement of the indigenous people and forest squatters who occupied the land since the fall of The New Order. This paper attempts to explain the strategies used by corporations to displace local people and accelerate capital accumulation. In such situations, the state functions to legitimise the process of land displacement. However, where violence is used for displacement, this indicates a failure to uphold the global norm of human rights. This article shows that the process of displacement has continued through contract farming, i.e., partnership programmes used to control the land in Register 45 and limit squatters' access. In this situation, forest squatters are used as labourers who benefit the company by easing its capital accumulation. However, squatters have rejected this mechanism, preferring to remain independent.
{"title":"Violent to Non-Violent Displacement","authors":"Devy Dhian Cahyati","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5263","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses land contestation as a factor in the creation of agrarian conflict and the marginalisation of local people. Through field research in Register 45 Mesuji, Lampung, the author explores the geographical displacement of the indigenous people and forest squatters who occupied the land since the fall of The New Order. This paper attempts to explain the strategies used by corporations to displace local people and accelerate capital accumulation. In such situations, the state functions to legitimise the process of land displacement. However, where violence is used for displacement, this indicates a failure to uphold the global norm of human rights. This article shows that the process of displacement has continued through contract farming, i.e., partnership programmes used to control the land in Register 45 and limit squatters' access. In this situation, forest squatters are used as labourers who benefit the company by easing its capital accumulation. However, squatters have rejected this mechanism, preferring to remain independent.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74476116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the relationship between political clientelism and the establishment of family power in local elections. It argues that the use of clientelism networks impacts the creation of family power, the application of which results in the perpetuation of social conflict. Clientelism networks serve as ready-to-use networks which can be mobilised to support relatives during political events. This article uses the case of local elections in Central Maluku (2007–2017) to show the clientelist processes used by the relatives of Tuasikal. The use of alternate clientelism networks enabled the Tuasikal family in Central Maluku to successfully establish power and perpetuate conflicts between supporters and opponents. This study used field observations to collect data in fifteen villages, focusing on the elites and community members involved in the 2007, 2012, and 2017 elections, as well as a review of relevant literature. This study concludes that clientelist practices are used to create political networks to maintain family power and perpetuate conflict between opposing community groups during elections.
{"title":"Political Clientelism, Family Power and Conflict Permanence in Pilkada","authors":"Ardiman Kelihu","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5417","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the relationship between political clientelism and the establishment of family power in local elections. It argues that the use of clientelism networks impacts the creation of family power, the application of which results in the perpetuation of social conflict. Clientelism networks serve as ready-to-use networks which can be mobilised to support relatives during political events. This article uses the case of local elections in Central Maluku (2007–2017) to show the clientelist processes used by the relatives of Tuasikal. The use of alternate clientelism networks enabled the Tuasikal family in Central Maluku to successfully establish power and perpetuate conflicts between supporters and opponents. This study used field observations to collect data in fifteen villages, focusing on the elites and community members involved in the 2007, 2012, and 2017 elections, as well as a review of relevant literature. This study concludes that clientelist practices are used to create political networks to maintain family power and perpetuate conflict between opposing community groups during elections.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86204890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research discusses contract farming—an agreement between farmers and processing and/or marketing firms, usually agribusiness transnational companies (TNCs), under a specific arrangement that commonly includes predetermined prices for the production and supply of agricultural products—in a transnational policy context. The study is dominated by institutionalism and materialism approaches which hold that structural changes coincide with economic development. However, this approaches raises a question about the role of actors in instituting, transferring, and challenging the norms of contract farming. This research seeks to challenge the literature by focusing on how contract farming, as a dual process, constitutes a territory for its actors to claim and reclaim their authority. Drawing on the implementation of agreements between TNCs and small farmers in Davao, Mindanao, we discuss the legitimation process within a context of strong state political control and complicated global market flows. Specifically, this research aims to understand how contract farming institutes a particular type of legitimation through the influence of transnational policy. Using the organisational and institutional legitimation approaches, we understand contract farming as a fluid and openly contested distributing authority. This research uses four data collection methods: desk studies, interviews, focus group discussions, and observation.
{"title":"Politics of Legitimation","authors":"Mahesti Hasanah","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i1.4824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i1.4824","url":null,"abstract":"This research discusses contract farming—an agreement between farmers and processing and/or marketing firms, usually agribusiness transnational companies (TNCs), under a specific arrangement that commonly includes predetermined prices for the production and supply of agricultural products—in a transnational policy context. The study is dominated by institutionalism and materialism approaches which hold that structural changes coincide with economic development. However, this approaches raises a question about the role of actors in instituting, transferring, and challenging the norms of contract farming. This research seeks to challenge the literature by focusing on how contract farming, as a dual process, constitutes a territory for its actors to claim and reclaim their authority. Drawing on the implementation of agreements between TNCs and small farmers in Davao, Mindanao, we discuss the legitimation process within a context of strong state political control and complicated global market flows. Specifically, this research aims to understand how contract farming institutes a particular type of legitimation through the influence of transnational policy. Using the organisational and institutional legitimation approaches, we understand contract farming as a fluid and openly contested distributing authority. This research uses four data collection methods: desk studies, interviews, focus group discussions, and observation.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86474792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
People's participation in various avenues of local administration is crucial for strengthening decentralisation in Bangladesh, despite the fact that such participation faces significant. The main purpose of this research is to explore the most current trends in people's participation in different avenues of local government. This research also examines the realities and challenges involved in strengthening decentralisation in Bangladesh. Using a quantitative methodology, this research found that different avenues of people's participation in Union Parishads has fostered successful decentralisation since these avenues certify independent participation and enable them to share their opinions and influence decision-making processes. Since decentralisation facilitates the transfer of power from the central to the local level, people's participation is functional within Union Parishads. Moreover, this research demonstrates that most rural people are severely challenged in participating in the different avenues of Union Parishads due to political complexity, institutional corruption, poor education, and general unawareness. The authors therefore suggest that, by implementing public awareness programmes, ensuring the maximum autonomy of local government units, and confirming the accountability and transparency of service providers, people's participation can strengthen the decentralisation of rural local government in Bangladesh.
{"title":"Recent Practices of People's Participation in Different Avenues of Rural Local Government","authors":"Tanjil Ahmed, Azizur Rahman, Tamanna Akter","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i1.5096","url":null,"abstract":"People's participation in various avenues of local administration is crucial for strengthening decentralisation in Bangladesh, despite the fact that such participation faces significant. The main purpose of this research is to explore the most current trends in people's participation in different avenues of local government. This research also examines the realities and challenges involved in strengthening decentralisation in Bangladesh. Using a quantitative methodology, this research found that different avenues of people's participation in Union Parishads has fostered successful decentralisation since these avenues certify independent participation and enable them to share their opinions and influence decision-making processes. Since decentralisation facilitates the transfer of power from the central to the local level, people's participation is functional within Union Parishads. Moreover, this research demonstrates that most rural people are severely challenged in participating in the different avenues of Union Parishads due to political complexity, institutional corruption, poor education, and general unawareness. The authors therefore suggest that, by implementing public awareness programmes, ensuring the maximum autonomy of local government units, and confirming the accountability and transparency of service providers, people's participation can strengthen the decentralisation of rural local government in Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74888752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is commonly assumed that multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research collaborations involve various values, knowledge, and practices, thereby existing between science and policy. This study argues, oppositely, that multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research collaborations are socially constructed and not to be taken for granted. To support its argument, this article uses the concept of boundary work to see how the interaction between science and policy is constructed. Taking as its case study the Ground Up consortium, a collaborative water management research programme involving the Netherlands and Indonesia, this study finds that boundary work generated and formed boundaries between science and policy through a joint call for proposal documents, research proposals, and three people operating at boundaries. Furthermore, this article shows that the collaborative research in the Ground Up consortium was a social process evidenced through three mediums: text, object, and person. This qualitative research thus uses a single-case study to explore boundary work in a consortium setting. Data were collected through a review of documents (meeting notes, research proposals, and calls for proposals) as well as in-depth interviews with three members of the Ground Up consortium.
{"title":"Working through Boundaries","authors":"Arga Pribadi Imawan","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v10i1.3665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v10i1.3665","url":null,"abstract":"It is commonly assumed that multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research collaborations involve various values, knowledge, and practices, thereby existing between science and policy. This study argues, oppositely, that multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research collaborations are socially constructed and not to be taken for granted. To support its argument, this article uses the concept of boundary work to see how the interaction between science and policy is constructed. Taking as its case study the Ground Up consortium, a collaborative water management research programme involving the Netherlands and Indonesia, this study finds that boundary work generated and formed boundaries between science and policy through a joint call for proposal documents, research proposals, and three people operating at boundaries. Furthermore, this article shows that the collaborative research in the Ground Up consortium was a social process evidenced through three mediums: text, object, and person. This qualitative research thus uses a single-case study to explore boundary work in a consortium setting. Data were collected through a review of documents (meeting notes, research proposals, and calls for proposals) as well as in-depth interviews with three members of the Ground Up consortium.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"22 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72490737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article questions the ability of the resistance framework to explain local communities' political reactions to oil palm expansion. Guided by a translation and ethnographic framework, this study investigates the Modang Dayak community's political reaction from below to large-scale land acquisitions in upland East Kalimantan. It shows that, based on their knowledge and everyday life practice, the Modang Dayaks have the agency to negotiate the land scarcity that has accompanied oil palm expansion. This study contributes to reaction theory by arguing that livelihood diversification is a form of political translation used to negotiate the difficulties created by palm oil; as land has become increasingly scarce, the Modang Dayaks have redefined their relationship with it. This reality tends to be ignored in political science debates because researchers generally view political reactions through a resistance paradigm. Ultimately, however, the politics of translation go beyond the politics of resistance.
{"title":"Livelihood Diversification as Political Translation","authors":"Sudirman","doi":"10.22146/pcd.v9i2.4788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.v9i2.4788","url":null,"abstract":"This article questions the ability of the resistance framework to explain local communities' political reactions to oil palm expansion. Guided by a translation and ethnographic framework, this study investigates the Modang Dayak community's political reaction from below to large-scale land acquisitions in upland East Kalimantan. It shows that, based on their knowledge and everyday life practice, the Modang Dayaks have the agency to negotiate the land scarcity that has accompanied oil palm expansion. This study contributes to reaction theory by arguing that livelihood diversification is a form of political translation used to negotiate the difficulties created by palm oil; as land has become increasingly scarce, the Modang Dayaks have redefined their relationship with it. This reality tends to be ignored in political science debates because researchers generally view political reactions through a resistance paradigm. Ultimately, however, the politics of translation go beyond the politics of resistance.","PeriodicalId":32712,"journal":{"name":"PCD Online Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88850117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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