Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.159
Haifa Ben Miloud, Zaher Al Abadla
Numerous studies on the surface of the planet have focused on the role that oceans play in the increase in temperatures brought on by climatic changes. This study has primarily emphasized the long-term warming of the Atlantic Ocean and how it affects the seasonal temperature changes of the Mediterranean Sea as a whole as well as its constituent western, central, and eastern areas. In the fall and summer, a substantial positive connection of roughly (Pearson correlation r= 0.69) and (r=0.65), respectively, between the entire Mediterranean Sea and the AMO is evident, but this correlation declines in the spring and winter. Positive correlation increases in the western portion of the Mediterranean and diminishes in some areas as we move closer to the eastern Mediterranean; it reaches a maximum of (r=0.61) to (r=0.57) in the fall and summer seasons, respectively, and declines in the spring and winter. According to the findings, there is a noticeable increase in water temperature in the fall and summer, particularly in the western Mediterranean, which is influenced by AMO.
{"title":"Seasonal Correlation Between the Atlantic Multiple Oscillation (AMO) and Mediterranean Temperature","authors":"Haifa Ben Miloud, Zaher Al Abadla","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.159","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies on the surface of the planet have focused on the role that oceans play in the increase in temperatures brought on by climatic changes. This study has primarily emphasized the long-term warming of the Atlantic Ocean and how it affects the seasonal temperature changes of the Mediterranean Sea as a whole as well as its constituent western, central, and eastern areas. In the fall and summer, a substantial positive connection of roughly (Pearson correlation r= 0.69) and (r=0.65), respectively, between the entire Mediterranean Sea and the AMO is evident, but this correlation declines in the spring and winter. Positive correlation increases in the western portion of the Mediterranean and diminishes in some areas as we move closer to the eastern Mediterranean; it reaches a maximum of (r=0.61) to (r=0.57) in the fall and summer seasons, respectively, and declines in the spring and winter. According to the findings, there is a noticeable increase in water temperature in the fall and summer, particularly in the western Mediterranean, which is influenced by AMO.","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"48 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.156
Abdulhakeem Miskeen, Rahma Elzer, Ibrahim Mangir, Yasser Nassar, Hala J. El-Khozondar, Mohamed M. Khaleel, Abdussalam A. Ahmed, Abdulgader Alsharif, Ibrahim I. Alzayani
Wastewater treatment plants that are located in high places can provide opportunities for generating sustainable energy, by installing hydroturbines at inlet and exit pipes of wastewater treatment plants, as well as exploiting the sludge resulting from the treatment process as a source for generating biogas, which can be used to generate electric power. Then the treated water is used to irrigate ornamental trees in the roads, gardens and forests, as well as the residues of the fermentation process are used as organic fertilizer and to improve the quality of agricultural soil. In this research, a hybrid system consisting of a hydroelectric station and an electric generator working on biogas was proposed at the wastewater treatment plant in Gharyan. This is because the city is distinguished by its high location, about 713 m above sea level. . The obtained results showed that the proposed hybrid renewable energy system will provide the wastewater treatment plant an electric power of 490 kW, which is sufficient to cover 87.5% of the plant's electrical energy consumption. The amount of treated water was about 13,000 m3/day, and the amount of organic fertilizer was about 17 tons/day. The investment value was estimated at about $1,478,000, and the leveized cost of energy LCOE was estimated at about 2.88 ¢/kWh. The annual net profit from the proposed system is estimated at $307,765/year, and the payback time money at 3.44 years. The proposed system will prevent the release of an annual amount of CO2 gas estimated at 1,886 tons.
{"title":"Electricity from Wastewater Treatment Plants","authors":"Abdulhakeem Miskeen, Rahma Elzer, Ibrahim Mangir, Yasser Nassar, Hala J. El-Khozondar, Mohamed M. Khaleel, Abdussalam A. Ahmed, Abdulgader Alsharif, Ibrahim I. Alzayani","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.156","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater treatment plants that are located in high places can provide opportunities for generating sustainable energy, by installing hydroturbines at inlet and exit pipes of wastewater treatment plants, as well as exploiting the sludge resulting from the treatment process as a source for generating biogas, which can be used to generate electric power. Then the treated water is used to irrigate ornamental trees in the roads, gardens and forests, as well as the residues of the fermentation process are used as organic fertilizer and to improve the quality of agricultural soil. In this research, a hybrid system consisting of a hydroelectric station and an electric generator working on biogas was proposed at the wastewater treatment plant in Gharyan. This is because the city is distinguished by its high location, about 713 m above sea level. . The obtained results showed that the proposed hybrid renewable energy system will provide the wastewater treatment plant an electric power of 490 kW, which is sufficient to cover 87.5% of the plant's electrical energy consumption. The amount of treated water was about 13,000 m3/day, and the amount of organic fertilizer was about 17 tons/day. The investment value was estimated at about $1,478,000, and the leveized cost of energy LCOE was estimated at about 2.88 ¢/kWh. The annual net profit from the proposed system is estimated at $307,765/year, and the payback time money at 3.44 years. The proposed system will prevent the release of an annual amount of CO2 gas estimated at 1,886 tons.","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135343640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.153
Yasser Nassar, Hala ElKhozondar, Mohammed Abouqeelah, Ahmed Abubaker, Abdulhakeem Miskeen, Mohamed M. Khaleel Khaleel, Abdussalam Ahmed, Abdulgader Alsharif, Monaem Elmnifi
According to the Libyan government's newly released strategic plan, renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources would provide 30% of the country's power by 2030. The goal of this research is to shed light on solar energy technologies that may be used to generate clean and sustainable electricity. An energy-economic-environmental study of five Concentration Solar Power (CSP) technologies (parabolic trough, solar dish, linear Fresnel reflector, solar tower, and concentrated PV solar cell) was conducted for 22 selected locations in Libya. The Levelized Cost Of Energy (LCOE) was chosen as a reference for identifying which technology would be most suited for each site. The economic estimates include the cost of environmental damage caused by carbon dioxide gas (CO2) emissions from fossil-fuel-powered power plants. This technique allows clean and renewable energy to compete fairly in the global energy market, even in countries that produce oil and subsidize electricity. According to the data, the solar mirror technology in Libya has the lowest LCOE of all the technologies evaluated in this study. The LCOE estimates varied from 0.01 to 0.04 dollars per kWh. The clean energy produced by the solar tower surpassed 100 MW, or about 400.332 GWh. Furthermore, the adoption of clean concentrating solar energy technology avoided the discharge of 4,235 tCO2/year/MWp.
{"title":"Simulating the Energy, Economic and Environmental Performance of Concentrating Solar Power Technologies Using SAM","authors":"Yasser Nassar, Hala ElKhozondar, Mohammed Abouqeelah, Ahmed Abubaker, Abdulhakeem Miskeen, Mohamed M. Khaleel Khaleel, Abdussalam Ahmed, Abdulgader Alsharif, Monaem Elmnifi","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v12i2.153","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Libyan government's newly released strategic plan, renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources would provide 30% of the country's power by 2030. The goal of this research is to shed light on solar energy technologies that may be used to generate clean and sustainable electricity. An energy-economic-environmental study of five Concentration Solar Power (CSP) technologies (parabolic trough, solar dish, linear Fresnel reflector, solar tower, and concentrated PV solar cell) was conducted for 22 selected locations in Libya. The Levelized Cost Of Energy (LCOE) was chosen as a reference for identifying which technology would be most suited for each site. The economic estimates include the cost of environmental damage caused by carbon dioxide gas (CO2) emissions from fossil-fuel-powered power plants. This technique allows clean and renewable energy to compete fairly in the global energy market, even in countries that produce oil and subsidize electricity. According to the data, the solar mirror technology in Libya has the lowest LCOE of all the technologies evaluated in this study. The LCOE estimates varied from 0.01 to 0.04 dollars per kWh. The clean energy produced by the solar tower surpassed 100 MW, or about 400.332 GWh. Furthermore, the adoption of clean concentrating solar energy technology avoided the discharge of 4,235 tCO2/year/MWp.","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134990556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.151
Mohamed M G Almihat, Mohamed MTE Kahn
This study examines the variation in sensitivity of a microgrid system comprised of photovoltaics, wind turbines, diesel engines, and batteries. The primary objective is to increase our knowledge of renewable energy resources (RERs) and their technical and economic factors in the context of the conceptual design of a microgrid system. The investigation employs Typhoon HIL software for simulation and testing, concentrating on hybrid PV/Wind/Diesel/Battery systems and devising a perturb & observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategy. Additionally, the study investigates the Optimal Power Controlling MPPT technique and the development and implementation of hybrid renewable energy resources (HRES). The Typhoon HIL system is utilized in the power, automotive, and aerospace industries, among others, to simulate and test control systems in real-time. This study presents a control strategy for a microgrid system that combines renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power with reserve power options such as diesel generators and batteries. The coordinated control technique is implemented by employing a centralized control method, effectively managing the flow of electricity from diverse distributed energy resources (DER) and ensuring the microgrid's stability. The findings indicated that the coordinated control method and dynamic models could be utilized to design and optimize microgrid systems. Future research can concentrate on refining the accuracy of the models and verifying the proposed coordinated control method in microgrid systems that operate in the real world.
{"title":"Design and implementation of Hybrid Renewable energy (PV/Wind/Diesel/Battery) Microgrids for rural areas.","authors":"Mohamed M G Almihat, Mohamed MTE Kahn","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.151","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the variation in sensitivity of a microgrid system comprised of photovoltaics, wind turbines, diesel engines, and batteries. The primary objective is to increase our knowledge of renewable energy resources (RERs) and their technical and economic factors in the context of the conceptual design of a microgrid system. The investigation employs Typhoon HIL software for simulation and testing, concentrating on hybrid PV/Wind/Diesel/Battery systems and devising a perturb & observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategy. Additionally, the study investigates the Optimal Power Controlling MPPT technique and the development and implementation of hybrid renewable energy resources (HRES). The Typhoon HIL system is utilized in the power, automotive, and aerospace industries, among others, to simulate and test control systems in real-time. This study presents a control strategy for a microgrid system that combines renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power with reserve power options such as diesel generators and batteries. The coordinated control technique is implemented by employing a centralized control method, effectively managing the flow of electricity from diverse distributed energy resources (DER) and ensuring the microgrid's stability. The findings indicated that the coordinated control method and dynamic models could be utilized to design and optimize microgrid systems. Future research can concentrate on refining the accuracy of the models and verifying the proposed coordinated control method in microgrid systems that operate in the real world.","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135520998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-17DOI: 10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.150
Suhaylah Mohammed Mohammed, Yasser Nassar, Wedad El-Osta, Hala J. El-Khozondar, Abdulhakeem Miskeen, Ali Basha
By analyzing a wide range of energy, economic, and environmental variables for a variety of attractive locations in Libya, the study established the fundamentals of localizing the wind energy business in Libya. The estimate of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factor resulting from the conversion of wind energy into electric energy also includes the quantity of GHG emissions from cement manufacturing and transportation, as well as manufacturing (for various wind turbine manufacturers), sea transportation of wind energy equipment from the site of manufacture to the port of Tripoli, land transportation to the location of the wind energy farm, and calculating the energy and emissions used for recycling recyclable materials and for transportation. Hourly climate data over a 25-year period (1995-2020) were gathered from the SolarGis climate information portal. For many viable wind energy production locations in Libya, the System Advisor Model (SAM) software was used to calculate the productivity of wind farms with a 100 MW capacity. The study's findings showed that the Gamesa turbine, whose capital cost was around (146,916,400 dollars), had the best economic and environmental indices. The GHG emission rates for all the cities that were targeted ranged from 24-63g GHG/kWh. The time needed for carbon to recover ranged from 5.5 to 14.5 months. The expected energy payback time was 14 to 22 months. An LCOE's production costs ranged from 4.8 to 11.1 cents per kWh.
{"title":"Carbon and Energy Life Cycle Analysis of Wind Energy Industry in Libya","authors":"Suhaylah Mohammed Mohammed, Yasser Nassar, Wedad El-Osta, Hala J. El-Khozondar, Abdulhakeem Miskeen, Ali Basha","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.150","url":null,"abstract":"By analyzing a wide range of energy, economic, and environmental variables for a variety of attractive locations in Libya, the study established the fundamentals of localizing the wind energy business in Libya. The estimate of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factor resulting from the conversion of wind energy into electric energy also includes the quantity of GHG emissions from cement manufacturing and transportation, as well as manufacturing (for various wind turbine manufacturers), sea transportation of wind energy equipment from the site of manufacture to the port of Tripoli, land transportation to the location of the wind energy farm, and calculating the energy and emissions used for recycling recyclable materials and for transportation. Hourly climate data over a 25-year period (1995-2020) were gathered from the SolarGis climate information portal. For many viable wind energy production locations in Libya, the System Advisor Model (SAM) software was used to calculate the productivity of wind farms with a 100 MW capacity. The study's findings showed that the Gamesa turbine, whose capital cost was around (146,916,400 dollars), had the best economic and environmental indices. The GHG emission rates for all the cities that were targeted ranged from 24-63g GHG/kWh. The time needed for carbon to recover ranged from 5.5 to 14.5 months. The expected energy payback time was 14 to 22 months. An LCOE's production costs ranged from 4.8 to 11.1 cents per kWh.","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136337982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.149
Khalil Bakouri, Tareq Foqha, Omar Ahwidi, Ahmed Abubaker, Yasser Nassar, Hala El-Khozondar
In this study, an examination was conducted on weather data gathered from the Murzuq weather station over a period of nine months, specifically focusing on 15-minute time series solar radiation data. The data was sourced from the Center for Solar Energy Research and Studies in Tajoura-Tripoli, through a collaborative agreement between the Faculty of Engineering at Wadi Alshatti University and the research center. The information collected encompassed various solar radiation components, such as global horizontal solar radiation, direct normal radiation, sky-diffuse solar radiation, and ground reflected solar radiation. The aim of this study is to verify calculated values of these components using mathematical models by comparing them with their measured values. The investigation revealed that the Earth's reflectance value for the region was estimated and determined to be around 0.4. It is important to note that this figure was different from the typically advised value of 0.2 that was given in previous literature.
{"title":"Learning lessons from Murzuq-Libya meteorological station","authors":"Khalil Bakouri, Tareq Foqha, Omar Ahwidi, Ahmed Abubaker, Yasser Nassar, Hala El-Khozondar","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.149","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, an examination was conducted on weather data gathered from the Murzuq weather station over a period of nine months, specifically focusing on 15-minute time series solar radiation data. The data was sourced from the Center for Solar Energy Research and Studies in Tajoura-Tripoli, through a collaborative agreement between the Faculty of Engineering at Wadi Alshatti University and the research center. The information collected encompassed various solar radiation components, such as global horizontal solar radiation, direct normal radiation, sky-diffuse solar radiation, and ground reflected solar radiation. The aim of this study is to verify calculated values of these components using mathematical models by comparing them with their measured values. The investigation revealed that the Earth's reflectance value for the region was estimated and determined to be around 0.4. It is important to note that this figure was different from the typically advised value of 0.2 that was given in previous literature.","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135492330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.144
Haifa M. Ben Miloud Ben Miloud, Amel Saad Ashargawi Ashargawi
Carbon dioxide CO2 has been increased in the atmosphere and therefore had a significant impact on global warming on the world. Libya had the share of high temperatures in recent years reached 22.6 0C compared to about 20.9 0C in 1980. It was noted the increase of carbon dioxide over Libya in the time series (1980-2019) has stepped from 338.8 PPM in 1980, to reach 409.6 PPM in 2019. In this study, a statistical analysis of the data to determine the type and strength of the relationship between the two variables, carbon dioxide (CO2 PPM) and temperature (0C), was performed. It showed that there is a percentage of the effect gas carbon dioxide on the temperature up to 32.6%, and the relationship between the variables is positive, and the correlation coefficient is 0.571. Through analysis of variance to test the significance of the quality of the model, there is a linear relationship between the two variables, and the value of t indicates that there is an effect of carbon dioxide on temperatures.
{"title":"An Analysis Study on the Effect of Increasing Carbon Dioxide Gas and Climate Change on Temperatures in Libya","authors":"Haifa M. Ben Miloud Ben Miloud, Amel Saad Ashargawi Ashargawi","doi":"10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51646/jsesd.v12i1.144","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide CO2 has been increased in the atmosphere and therefore had a significant impact on global warming on the world. Libya had the share of high temperatures in recent years reached 22.6 0C compared to about 20.9 0C in 1980. It was noted the increase of carbon dioxide over Libya in the time series (1980-2019) has stepped from 338.8 PPM in 1980, to reach 409.6 PPM in 2019. In this study, a statistical analysis of the data to determine the type and strength of the relationship between the two variables, carbon dioxide (CO2 PPM) and temperature (0C), was performed. It showed that there is a percentage of the effect gas carbon dioxide on the temperature up to 32.6%, and the relationship between the variables is positive, and the correlation coefficient is 0.571. Through analysis of variance to test the significance of the quality of the model, there is a linear relationship between the two variables, and the value of t indicates that there is an effect of carbon dioxide on temperatures.","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135194311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1515/9781501519772-003
{"title":"Chapter 3 Energy Sources","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501519772-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501519772-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73545428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1515/9781501519772-001
{"title":"Chapter 1 Introduction to Energy and Development","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501519772-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501519772-001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75388553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.1515/9781501519772-006
{"title":"Chapter 6 Energy Policy","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501519772-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501519772-006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32951,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy and Sustainable Development","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75976539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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