Pub Date : 2022-10-05DOI: 10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg63.68
Ijioma Onwukwe, B.C Ugoala, V.N Madukpe
We prove a strong convergence result using stochastic iterative scheme with contractive operators associated with error terms. The iterative process is faster, simpler which improves other algorithms, and for the class of mapping in a more global sense.
{"title":"Approximation of Fixed Points of Contactive Operators by a Stochastic Iterative Algorithm","authors":"Ijioma Onwukwe, B.C Ugoala, V.N Madukpe","doi":"10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg63.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg63.68","url":null,"abstract":"We prove a strong convergence result using stochastic iterative scheme with contractive operators associated with error terms. The iterative process is faster, simpler which improves other algorithms, and for the class of mapping in a more global sense.","PeriodicalId":332506,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130752520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg51.62
E. W. Mangset, P. J. Bulus
Radionuclides are naturally found throughout all environments. They are present in varying amounts in air, water, plants animals, soil and water. In this study ten (10) water samples and fifteen (15) soil samples from Zinc and Lead mining areas in Kampani Zurak village, Wase LGA of Plateau state were collected using standard methods. The samples were analyzed for gross alpha and beta activities using MPC – 2000-DP. The results obtained showed that the gross alpha activities in water ranged from (0.005 ± 0.004 – 0.456 ± 0.019) Bq/l with a mean value of 0.1059 ± 0.0087 Bq/l while the gross beta activities for the water samples ranged from (0.290± 0.009- 1.450 ± 0.047) Bq/l with a mean value of 0.723 ± 0.1335Bq/l. The gross alpha activities in soil samples ranged from (0.003± 0.001- 0.737 ± 0.132) Bq/g with a mean value of 0.1876 ± 0.0301 Bq/g and the gross beta activities ranged from (0.003± 0.004- 3.615 ± 0.003) Bq/g with a mean value of 0.3961 ± 0.0099 Bq/g. The committed effected doses for adults ranged from (0.001- 0.092) mSV/yr with a mean value of 0.0216mSV/yr while for children it ranged from (0.001-0.137) mSV/yr with a mean value of 0.0316mSV/yr. The committed effective doses to children and adults were compared with the WHO’s standard limit of 0.1mSv/yr. The results indicated that location 3 had relatively high dose to children while other locations are within the standard limits. From the results obtained, 40% of the water and soil samples analyzed had their activity above the WHO’s Standard Limits. This implies that the general public in the studied areas where their values are above the accepted limit may be exposed to radiation health risks
{"title":"Gross Alpha and Beta Radioactivity in Surface Water and Soil from Lead and Zinc Mining Area and their Radiological Risks in Wase Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria","authors":"E. W. Mangset, P. J. Bulus","doi":"10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg51.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg51.62","url":null,"abstract":"Radionuclides are naturally found throughout all environments. They are present in varying amounts in air, water, plants animals, soil and water. In this study ten (10) water samples and fifteen (15) soil samples from Zinc and Lead mining areas in Kampani Zurak village, Wase LGA of Plateau state were collected using standard methods. The samples were analyzed for gross alpha and beta activities using MPC – 2000-DP. The results obtained showed that the gross alpha activities in water ranged from (0.005 ± 0.004 – 0.456 ± 0.019) Bq/l with a mean value of 0.1059 ± 0.0087 Bq/l while the gross beta activities for the water samples ranged from (0.290± 0.009- 1.450 ± 0.047) Bq/l with a mean value of 0.723 ± 0.1335Bq/l. The gross alpha activities in soil samples ranged from (0.003± 0.001- 0.737 ± 0.132) Bq/g with a mean value of 0.1876 ± 0.0301 Bq/g and the gross beta activities ranged from (0.003± 0.004- 3.615 ± 0.003) Bq/g with a mean value of 0.3961 ± 0.0099 Bq/g. The committed effected doses for adults ranged from (0.001- 0.092) mSV/yr with a mean value of 0.0216mSV/yr while for children it ranged from (0.001-0.137) mSV/yr with a mean value of 0.0316mSV/yr. The committed effective doses to children and adults were compared with the WHO’s standard limit of 0.1mSv/yr. The results indicated that location 3 had relatively high dose to children while other locations are within the standard limits. From the results obtained, 40% of the water and soil samples analyzed had their activity above the WHO’s Standard Limits. This implies that the general public in the studied areas where their values are above the accepted limit may be exposed to radiation health risks","PeriodicalId":332506,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132334939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg38.50
A. U. Uchenna, Wobo Gideon Omezurike
In this paper, different methods for estimation of parameters of Weibull distribution were examined using Mean Square Error (MSE) as a criterion for selecting the best model. The Method of Moments exceeded other methods. In the same circumstance, the estimated results were logically extended to form a matrix that would help in predicting different commodity price processes by exploring the properties of fundamental matrix solution where we obtained predicted stock prices and asset returns for 12 months. Finally, from the fundamental matrix system a theorem was developed and proved to show different levels of changes as it affects stock market in terms of short-run and long-run respectively
{"title":"A Mathematical Model Analysis for Estimating Stock Market Price Changes","authors":"A. U. Uchenna, Wobo Gideon Omezurike","doi":"10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg38.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg38.50","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, different methods for estimation of parameters of Weibull distribution were examined using Mean Square Error (MSE) as a criterion for selecting the best model. The Method of Moments exceeded other methods. In the same circumstance, the estimated results were logically extended to form a matrix that would help in predicting different commodity price processes by exploring the properties of fundamental matrix solution where we obtained predicted stock prices and asset returns for 12 months. Finally, from the fundamental matrix system a theorem was developed and proved to show different levels of changes as it affects stock market in terms of short-run and long-run respectively","PeriodicalId":332506,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124700721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-11DOI: 10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg1.13
I. Amadi, A. Charles
The success of any investment depends mainly on the value of asset which propels the entire financial strength of the organization. Therefore, the impacts on the value of asset prices of investors in capital market were analyzed; using four investment equations which were solved analytical by adopting the separable variable and Ito’s lemma respectively. The computational and graphical results of stock variables and the effect of relevant parameters are well discussed
{"title":"An Analytical Method for the Assessment of Asset Price Changes in Capital Market","authors":"I. Amadi, A. Charles","doi":"10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg1.13","url":null,"abstract":"The success of any investment depends mainly on the value of asset which propels the entire financial strength of the organization. Therefore, the impacts on the value of asset prices of investors in capital market were analyzed; using four investment equations which were solved analytical by adopting the separable variable and Ito’s lemma respectively. The computational and graphical results of stock variables and the effect of relevant parameters are well discussed","PeriodicalId":332506,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121786162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-11DOI: 10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg14.37
Bunting Boruku Paibi, D. E. Isaac, Z. D. Deebom
The study modeled the dynamic interaction between exchange rate, interest rate and agricultural export earnings using panel VAR Model. The specific objectives of the study include to; interdependencies in the dynamic interaction between exchange rate, interest rate and agricultural export earnings, parameters of panel VAR model using PVAR Stata code developed by Abrigo and love, determine the shocks associated with their dynamic interactions between these variables, investigate direction of causality between interest rate, exchange rate and agricultural export earnings from six African countries and make appropriate recommendations. The data used for the study was secondary data extracted from index mundi website and world data indicators for the period of 40 years (1980-2020). The data was on exchange rate, interest rate and agricultural export earnings. Geographically, the six African countries include; Algeria, Angola, Egypt, Libya, Gabon and Nigeria. The study uses vector Autoregressive model estimation results with PVAR Stata code developed by Abrigo and love. The post estimation test on the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model shows a contemporary Co-efficient of Correlation analysis. It was found that lending interest rate and exchange rate are negatively associated with Co-efficient of Correlation of (-0.0873). Also, it was found that there exist a positive association between exchange rate and agricultural export earnings. Also, there is a positive association between lending interest rate and agricultural export earnings. The inverse roots of a characteristic polynomial of the estimated Panel VAR model satisfied the stability condition (of the diagnostic test) since no root lied outside the unit root circle. Therefore, the estimated VAR is stable. However, it was confirmed that there is no directional relationship that exist between the variables. Also, the results show that exchange rate and lending rate have positive on agricultural export earnings, whereas exchange rate is likely to reduce the level of lending interest rate slightly. Therefore, it is recommended that in estimating the dynamic interaction between variables in a panel data system, there is need for the inclusion of the lags of the response variable among the determinants to measures the dynamic interaction as well capture heterogeneities in the series and also, policies should be formulated to stabilized exchange and lending rates in order to improve and strengthen the countries’ agricultural economy amongst others
{"title":"Exchange Rate, Interest Rate and Agricultural Export Earnings: An analysis Using Panel Data Vector Autoregressive Model","authors":"Bunting Boruku Paibi, D. E. Isaac, Z. D. Deebom","doi":"10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg14.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no2.2022.pg14.37","url":null,"abstract":"The study modeled the dynamic interaction between exchange rate, interest rate and agricultural export earnings using panel VAR Model. The specific objectives of the study include to; interdependencies in the dynamic interaction between exchange rate, interest rate and agricultural export earnings, parameters of panel VAR model using PVAR Stata code developed by Abrigo and love, determine the shocks associated with their dynamic interactions between these variables, investigate direction of causality between interest rate, exchange rate and agricultural export earnings from six African countries and make appropriate recommendations. The data used for the study was secondary data extracted from index mundi website and world data indicators for the period of 40 years (1980-2020). The data was on exchange rate, interest rate and agricultural export earnings. Geographically, the six African countries include; Algeria, Angola, Egypt, Libya, Gabon and Nigeria. The study uses vector Autoregressive model estimation results with PVAR Stata code developed by Abrigo and love. The post estimation test on the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model shows a contemporary Co-efficient of Correlation analysis. It was found that lending interest rate and exchange rate are negatively associated with Co-efficient of Correlation of (-0.0873). Also, it was found that there exist a positive association between exchange rate and agricultural export earnings. Also, there is a positive association between lending interest rate and agricultural export earnings. The inverse roots of a characteristic polynomial of the estimated Panel VAR model satisfied the stability condition (of the diagnostic test) since no root lied outside the unit root circle. Therefore, the estimated VAR is stable. However, it was confirmed that there is no directional relationship that exist between the variables. Also, the results show that exchange rate and lending rate have positive on agricultural export earnings, whereas exchange rate is likely to reduce the level of lending interest rate slightly. Therefore, it is recommended that in estimating the dynamic interaction between variables in a panel data system, there is need for the inclusion of the lags of the response variable among the determinants to measures the dynamic interaction as well capture heterogeneities in the series and also, policies should be formulated to stabilized exchange and lending rates in order to improve and strengthen the countries’ agricultural economy amongst others","PeriodicalId":332506,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127808683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-18DOI: 10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no1.2022.pg38.52
Orudukobipi Asime
Nigeria energy system is strongly centralised and unsustainable, associated with waste of huge amount of primary energy input, full of insecurity and climatic change threat and crises. To averts these energy crises, the entire energy requires an urgent energy revolution and this could be achieved by decentralising the country strongly centralised energy using an appropriate model whose energy mix is more of renewable energy. This paper presents how the Community Choice Aggregation Model (CCAM) can decentralise the entire energy system of Nigeria and ensure sustainability. The sustainability criteria of Gibson and Jaccard were used to evaluate the sustainability capacity of CCAM in line with existing Nigeria energy policies. The criteria include potential risks to the environment and humanity, the scale, adaptive capacity and resilience of an energy system, avoided path dependency, intra and intergenerational equity, participatory and inclusive governance, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. The results from the evaluations have proven CCAM with partnership/joint ownership structure a veritable energy decentralization tool for ensuring greener energy mix and sustainability in Nigeria and the globe. The essentials of this paper can be employed for future energy planning and policy implementation
{"title":"Decentralizing the Centralized Energy System Using CCAM Model: Key to Greener Energy Mix and Sustainability in Nigeria","authors":"Orudukobipi Asime","doi":"10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no1.2022.pg38.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no1.2022.pg38.52","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria energy system is strongly centralised and unsustainable, associated with waste of huge amount of primary energy input, full of insecurity and climatic change threat and crises. To averts these energy crises, the entire energy requires an urgent energy revolution and this could be achieved by decentralising the country strongly centralised energy using an appropriate model whose energy mix is more of renewable energy. This paper presents how the Community Choice Aggregation Model (CCAM) can decentralise the entire energy system of Nigeria and ensure sustainability. The sustainability criteria of Gibson and Jaccard were used to evaluate the sustainability capacity of CCAM in line with existing Nigeria energy policies. The criteria include potential risks to the environment and humanity, the scale, adaptive capacity and resilience of an energy system, avoided path dependency, intra and intergenerational equity, participatory and inclusive governance, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. The results from the evaluations have proven CCAM with partnership/joint ownership structure a veritable energy decentralization tool for ensuring greener energy mix and sustainability in Nigeria and the globe. The essentials of this paper can be employed for future energy planning and policy implementation","PeriodicalId":332506,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128046166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-02DOI: 10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no1.2022.pg27.37
Adesina O.A., Akinlade Y.O, Oguntola T.O, O. S.A
Maternal and infant deaths are devastating medical complication in many countries, in which Nigeria is not exempted. It has been realized that complication of child birth and pregnancy are leading causes of death among women of reproductive ages. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the factors responsible for maternal and infant mortality in Nigeria between 2000 and 2019. The descriptive statistics of the skewness shows that the distribution of the data is fairly symmetrical and the time plot displays a downward and gradual decreasing trend for both maternal and infant mortality over the considerable years. The trend analysis of the model produces forecast performance with percentage accuracy measures of MAPE with 3% and 2% for both maternal and infant mortality. The exploratory data analysis (EDA) of maternal and infant mortality under the study shows that the prevalence of undernourishment rate is not significant to the model at 5% level of significant. Therefore, prevalence of undernourishment rate is the major factor affecting the death of the child and mother at the child birt h. Hence, the government are hereby implored to improve on training levels of pregnant women at the antenatal stages and empowering families and communities to reduce maternal and infant deaths.
{"title":"Statistical Analysis on the Factors and Causes Affecting Maternal and Infant Mortality in Nigeria","authors":"Adesina O.A., Akinlade Y.O, Oguntola T.O, O. S.A","doi":"10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no1.2022.pg27.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56201/ijasmt.v8.no1.2022.pg27.37","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal and infant deaths are devastating medical complication in many countries, in which Nigeria is not exempted. It has been realized that complication of child birth and pregnancy are leading causes of death among women of reproductive ages. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the factors responsible for maternal and infant mortality in Nigeria between 2000 and 2019. The descriptive statistics of the skewness shows that the distribution of the data is fairly symmetrical and the time plot displays a downward and gradual decreasing trend for both maternal and infant mortality over the considerable years. The trend analysis of the model produces forecast performance with percentage accuracy measures of MAPE with 3% and 2% for both maternal and infant mortality. The exploratory data analysis (EDA) of maternal and infant mortality under the study shows that the prevalence of undernourishment rate is not significant to the model at 5% level of significant. Therefore, prevalence of undernourishment rate is the major factor affecting the death of the child and mother at the child birt h. Hence, the government are hereby implored to improve on training levels of pregnant women at the antenatal stages and empowering families and communities to reduce maternal and infant deaths.","PeriodicalId":332506,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICAL THEORY","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128330719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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