Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.281
Jin Cheon Park, Um-Ji Hwang, K. Kim, Tae Hwa Kim, Won-Je Park, Yeong-Hoon Lee
{"title":"Fungicide resistance and analysis of genetic variation of sclerotinia stem rot in Brassica napus L.","authors":"Jin Cheon Park, Um-Ji Hwang, K. Kim, Tae Hwa Kim, Won-Je Park, Yeong-Hoon Lee","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121843562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.240
I. Kariuki, Soon-sung Hong, Sukwon Kang, G. Ngae, Kee-Jong Kim, Salome Nyaga, Nicholas Mwangi, Alice Kanyotu, Murimi Nyaga
The low productivity of indigenous chickens in Kenya and other parts of the world is partly attributed to poor management practices, in particular the lack of proper healthcare, poor housing and nutrition. However, studies have shown that poor nutrition is a major factor that contributes to the low growth rate and egg production in chickens. The objective in this study was to demonstrate and promote Ration A and B, for laying hens, to enhance egg production and household incomes. During the period 1 July 2018 to 31 March 2021, farmer groups interested in chicken production were selected in Embu and Tharaka Nithi counties. The criteria used in the selection of the farmer groups was chicken numbers, level of investment in chicken housing and equipment, interest in feed mixing, cohesion of farmer group, level of education and age of group members. Each farmer group was assigned a facilitator/ extension officer who trained its members on various aspects of chicken production with special emphasis on Ration formulation, mixing and feeding of laying hens. After mixing the Rations, samples were collected for chemical composition analysis so as to assess whether the Rations mixed met Kenya Bureau of Standards [KEBS] (2014) quality standards. At least three farmers within a group feeding the mixed Ration A or B to laying hens were selected to assess egg production. Prior to feeding on the Ration A or B, the same batch of birds in a farm was fed on commercial layers feed and egg production assessed. The results showed that (i) 3,968 farmers in Embu and Tharaka Nithi counties mixed and used 136,683 kg of Ration A and B to feed their laying hens, (ii) there was a 44.3% and 45.5% increase in egg production in households using Ration A and B, respectively, to feed their laying hens compared to commercial feeds.
{"title":"Increase in Egg Production in Households using Low Cost Rations as Feeds for Indigenous Chickens in Kenya","authors":"I. Kariuki, Soon-sung Hong, Sukwon Kang, G. Ngae, Kee-Jong Kim, Salome Nyaga, Nicholas Mwangi, Alice Kanyotu, Murimi Nyaga","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.240","url":null,"abstract":"The low productivity of indigenous chickens in Kenya and other parts of the world is partly attributed to poor management practices, in particular the lack of proper healthcare, poor housing and nutrition. However, studies have shown that poor nutrition is a major factor that contributes to the low growth rate and egg production in chickens. The objective in this study was to demonstrate and promote Ration A and B, for laying hens, to enhance egg production and household incomes. During the period 1 July 2018 to 31 March 2021, farmer groups interested in chicken production were selected in Embu and Tharaka Nithi counties. The criteria used in the selection of the farmer groups was chicken numbers, level of investment in chicken housing and equipment, interest in feed mixing, cohesion of farmer group, level of education and age of group members. Each farmer group was assigned a facilitator/ extension officer who trained its members on various aspects of chicken production with special emphasis on Ration formulation, mixing and feeding of laying hens. After mixing the Rations, samples were collected for chemical composition analysis so as to assess whether the Rations mixed met Kenya Bureau of Standards [KEBS] (2014) quality standards. At least three farmers within a group feeding the mixed Ration A or B to laying hens were selected to assess egg production. Prior to feeding on the Ration A or B, the same batch of birds in a farm was fed on commercial layers feed and egg production assessed. The results showed that (i) 3,968 farmers in Embu and Tharaka Nithi counties mixed and used 136,683 kg of Ration A and B to feed their laying hens, (ii) there was a 44.3% and 45.5% increase in egg production in households using Ration A and B, respectively, to feed their laying hens compared to commercial feeds.","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126798331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.215
Cao Minh Tuan, S. H. Lee
The aim of this study was to analyze the financial performance of agricultural mechanization service delivery for rice farms in Vietnam. From the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey 2014 data set, data of 164 farmers who provided agricultural mechanization services for rice production were extracted to evaluate the financial performance. Results showed that the duration of farmers’ operation to provide services for rice production was about 2.8 months/year on average. The profit of mechanization service delivery for rice production was about 17 million VND/year. The average return on sales ratio was about 56.4%. Regression results indicated that Kinh households had lower financial efficiency than other ethnic groups. If the main person in charge was the household's head, it was less effective than other family members. Variables of asset depreciation, labor outsourced, agricultural credit, and rice land area reduced the financial efficiency of agricultural service providers. Meanwhile, farmers who were men with primary income from rice production had higher financial efficiency in providing agricultural services.
{"title":"The Provision of Agricultural Mechanization Service and the Financial Performance of Rice Farms in Vietnam","authors":"Cao Minh Tuan, S. H. Lee","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.3.215","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyze the financial performance of agricultural mechanization service delivery for rice farms in Vietnam. From the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey 2014 data set, data of 164 farmers who provided agricultural mechanization services for rice production were extracted to evaluate the financial performance. Results showed that the duration of farmers’ operation to provide services for rice production was about 2.8 months/year on average. The profit of mechanization service delivery for rice production was about 17 million VND/year. The average return on sales ratio was about 56.4%. Regression results indicated that Kinh households had lower financial efficiency than other ethnic groups. If the main person in charge was the household's head, it was less effective than other family members. Variables of asset depreciation, labor outsourced, agricultural credit, and rice land area reduced the financial efficiency of agricultural service providers. Meanwhile, farmers who were men with primary income from rice production had higher financial efficiency in providing agricultural services.","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115749096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.180
Seok-Beom Kang, E. Yang, M. Cho, T. Tajima, Tsung-han Lin, Shih-Wen Lin, Yen-wei Wang, Cynthia Kung Man Yee, D. Barchenger, R. Schafleitner
{"title":"The Evaluation of Growth Characteristics in Chili Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Germplasm for Selection of Waterlogging Tolerant Lines","authors":"Seok-Beom Kang, E. Yang, M. Cho, T. Tajima, Tsung-han Lin, Shih-Wen Lin, Yen-wei Wang, Cynthia Kung Man Yee, D. Barchenger, R. Schafleitner","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124369419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.153
So-ra Kong, J. Soh
This study was conducted to select cultivar for dried red fruits in hot pepper suitable for environment-friendly cultivation. For the selection of empirical experimental fields, cultivars were publicly announced targeting 5 places that considered regional characteristics. The number of total fruits in 10 plants has found that #114, #103, and #118 showed the high quantity as 99.5, 87.5, and 85 fruits. For the fresh weight of the total fruits harvested from10 plants, the result has found that #114, #118, and #115 were high as 2491.6g, 2,184.5g, and 1,733.0g. The fruit length has found that #115, #117, and #116 were 175.5mm, 162.5mm, and 160.4mm. The fruit width has found that #120, #123, and #117 were 28.3mm, 25.8mm, and 25.5mm. The fresh weight per fruit has found that #116, #115, and #117 were 33.3g, 32.7g, and 30.3g. The dry weight of the total fruits from 10 plants has found that #114, #118, and #122 were 379.3g, 354g, and 322.8g. The Hunter’s color values on fresh fruits have found that L values of #105, #104, and #106 were 33.4, 32.7, and 30.7, #110, #5, and a values of #106 were 17.9, 17.3, and 16.0, and b values of #103, #120, and #119 were 21.5, 19.5, and 19.2. The Hunter’s color values on dried fruits have found that L values of #110, #108, and #123 were 33.6, 32.5, and 31.7, a values of #110, #103, and #106 were 19.0, 18.6, and 17.4, and b values of #106, #103, and #108 were 7.8, 7.0, and 6.8. The total capsaicin content has found that #101, #102, and #104 were 81.3mg/100g, 76.2 mg/100g, and 70.1 mg/100g. The total free sugar content has found that #116, #101, and #113 were 17.39g∙100g-1, 17.32g∙100g-1, and 16.93g∙100g-1. The total organic acid content has found that #102, #111, and #114 were 1272.1mg∙100g-1, 1266.0mg∙100g-1, and 1253.1mg∙100g-1. The soluble solid-acid ratio has found that #120, #119, and #118 were 5.1, 7.3, and 8.5. The preference for dried red fruits in hot pepper powder has found that #106, #107, #115, #116, and #120 were high. The disease survey of CMV and TSWV, anthracnose showed #106, #115, #116, #120 were the best. In the results of the study, #106, #115, #116, and #120 were selected as the cultivars suitable for environment-friendly cultivation by comparing cultivars on red fruits in hot pepper with check varieties and ones before and after drying.
{"title":"Selection of Dried Red Fruits in Hot Pepper Cultivars for Environment-friendly Cultivation","authors":"So-ra Kong, J. Soh","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.153","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to select cultivar for dried red fruits in hot pepper suitable for environment-friendly cultivation. For the selection of empirical experimental fields, cultivars were publicly announced targeting 5 places that considered regional characteristics. The number of total fruits in 10 plants has found that #114, #103, and #118 showed the high quantity as 99.5, 87.5, and 85 fruits. For the fresh weight of the total fruits harvested from10 plants, the result has found that #114, #118, and #115 were high as 2491.6g, 2,184.5g, and 1,733.0g. The fruit length has found that #115, #117, and #116 were 175.5mm, 162.5mm, and 160.4mm. The fruit width has found that #120, #123, and #117 were 28.3mm, 25.8mm, and 25.5mm. The fresh weight per fruit has found that #116, #115, and #117 were 33.3g, 32.7g, and 30.3g. The dry weight of the total fruits from 10 plants has found that #114, #118, and #122 were 379.3g, 354g, and 322.8g. The Hunter’s color values on fresh fruits have found that L values of #105, #104, and #106 were 33.4, 32.7, and 30.7, #110, #5, and a values of #106 were 17.9, 17.3, and 16.0, and b values of #103, #120, and #119 were 21.5, 19.5, and 19.2. The Hunter’s color values on dried fruits have found that L values of #110, #108, and #123 were 33.6, 32.5, and 31.7, a values of #110, #103, and #106 were 19.0, 18.6, and 17.4, and b values of #106, #103, and #108 were 7.8, 7.0, and 6.8. The total capsaicin content has found that #101, #102, and #104 were 81.3mg/100g, 76.2 mg/100g, and 70.1 mg/100g. The total free sugar content has found that #116, #101, and #113 were 17.39g∙100g-1, 17.32g∙100g-1, and 16.93g∙100g-1. The total organic acid content has found that #102, #111, and #114 were 1272.1mg∙100g-1, 1266.0mg∙100g-1, and 1253.1mg∙100g-1. The soluble solid-acid ratio has found that #120, #119, and #118 were 5.1, 7.3, and 8.5. The preference for dried red fruits in hot pepper powder has found that #106, #107, #115, #116, and #120 were high. The disease survey of CMV and TSWV, anthracnose showed #106, #115, #116, #120 were the best. In the results of the study, #106, #115, #116, and #120 were selected as the cultivars suitable for environment-friendly cultivation by comparing cultivars on red fruits in hot pepper with check varieties and ones before and after drying.","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128660246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.170
Scolastica Wambua, K. Agricultural, A. Murage, L. Wamae, E. Thuranira, Soon-sung Hong, Sukwon Kang
Over the years, the importance of indigenous chicken has increased, with most organizations recognizing it as a vital industry for resource-poor farmers. However, the industry has experienced several problems due to poor and uneconomical returns. The Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), former Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), has been on the forefront of research in order to improve productivity of indigenous chicken. The KARI improved chicken technology has been promoted in wide agro-ecologies to curb the problem of poor productivity. KALRO, through the Korean Program for International Cooperation in Agricultural Technology (KOPIA) project, has been using this technology in two model villages namely Machakos and Kiambu for the past five years. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of KARI improved chicken technology on food and household income. It is reported that 59% Machakos and 39% Kiambu farmers adopted this technology which as a result increased the adoption rate from 2% in 2008 to 59% in 2016. However, the adoption rate dropped in 2017 and started to rise again in 2018. In 2018, the number of eggs sold in both counties increased drastically, with Machakos experiencing the highest rise of 963% while Kiambu recording a 230% rise each month. This rise was mainly to the introduction of the improved KALRO chicken technique which laid between 180 and 250 eggs per year. This resulted in higher food and household revenue from egg sales. These findings demonstrated that the KARI improved chicken technology has enhanced household food and economic security.
{"title":"Enhancing Household Food and Income Security Through Improved Indigenous Poultry Production: An Evidence From Kenya","authors":"Scolastica Wambua, K. Agricultural, A. Murage, L. Wamae, E. Thuranira, Soon-sung Hong, Sukwon Kang","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.170","url":null,"abstract":"Over the years, the importance of indigenous chicken has increased, with most organizations recognizing it as a vital industry for resource-poor farmers. However, the industry has experienced several problems due to poor and uneconomical returns. The Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), former Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), has been on the forefront of research in order to improve productivity of indigenous chicken. The KARI improved chicken technology has been promoted in wide agro-ecologies to curb the problem of poor productivity. KALRO, through the Korean Program for International Cooperation in Agricultural Technology (KOPIA) project, has been using this technology in two model villages namely Machakos and Kiambu for the past five years. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of KARI improved chicken technology on food and household income. It is reported that 59% Machakos and 39% Kiambu farmers adopted this technology which as a result increased the adoption rate from 2% in 2008 to 59% in 2016. However, the adoption rate dropped in 2017 and started to rise again in 2018. In 2018, the number of eggs sold in both counties increased drastically, with Machakos experiencing the highest rise of 963% while Kiambu recording a 230% rise each month. This rise was mainly to the introduction of the improved KALRO chicken technique which laid between 180 and 250 eggs per year. This resulted in higher food and household revenue from egg sales. These findings demonstrated that the KARI improved chicken technology has enhanced household food and economic security.","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122623036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.119
O. Jeong, Jeom-Sig Lee, Maurene Bombay, Gideon Torollo, T. Padolina, R. Braceros, L. Pautin, Man-Kee Baek, E. Ahn, Woong-Jo Hyun, Hyun-Su Park, Jong‐Min Jeong, Chang-Min Lee, Jun-Hyeon Cho, Jeong-Heui Lee, Su-min Jo, U. Yeo, E. Jeong, Choon‐Song Kim, J. Suh, Dong-Soo Park, J. Lee
{"title":"A Cold-tolerant Japonica Rice Cultivar ‘Cordillera 4’ Adaptable to the Tropical Mountainous Region","authors":"O. Jeong, Jeom-Sig Lee, Maurene Bombay, Gideon Torollo, T. Padolina, R. Braceros, L. Pautin, Man-Kee Baek, E. Ahn, Woong-Jo Hyun, Hyun-Su Park, Jong‐Min Jeong, Chang-Min Lee, Jun-Hyeon Cho, Jeong-Heui Lee, Su-min Jo, U. Yeo, E. Jeong, Choon‐Song Kim, J. Suh, Dong-Soo Park, J. Lee","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121693155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.139
Jang Heo, Sunmee Cho
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Korean Agriculture and Forestry ODA Projects and Policy Directions","authors":"Jang Heo, Sunmee Cho","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115083111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.113
G. Tabor, Seong-sook Han, D. Pae, Soon-sung Hong, Fekadu Gebretinsay, Demis Fikru
Garlic is one of the most important crops used as condiments in Ethiopian. However, its productivity of garlic is less than half the world average. Lack of productive varieties and improved agronomic practices, as well as diseases and insect pests are the major causes of low productivity. The objective of the present study was to investigate an adaptive performance of some introduced garlic genotypes of Korean varieties in Ethiopia. The thirteen garlic genotypes were imported from the National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Sciences (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The genotypes were tested for adaptation at Debre Zeit and Kulumsa agricultural research centers. Among the thirteen genotypes tested, only three genotypes Namdo, Daeseo, and Wangyo 57022 formed bulbs, while the remaining ten genotypes did not form bulbs despite the long growth period (179 days) taken to mature. The three genotypes had bigger bulbs and fewer but bigger cloves compared to the local varieties such as G-94-1/94, G-104-1/94, and Holeta local. A follow up replicated trial comparing Namdo with three local varieties was undertaken at Kulumsa. The replicated trial also showed that Namdo had better yield than the three local varieties. Moreover, it produced bigger bulbs and cloves than all the local varieties, which eases household and industrial processing of cloves. Therefore, verification of Namdo for production in Ethiopia could provide a better option for processing garlic.
{"title":"Performance of Some Introduced Korean Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Cultivars in Ethiopia","authors":"G. Tabor, Seong-sook Han, D. Pae, Soon-sung Hong, Fekadu Gebretinsay, Demis Fikru","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.113","url":null,"abstract":"Garlic is one of the most important crops used as condiments in Ethiopian. However, its productivity of garlic is less than half the world average. Lack of productive varieties and improved agronomic practices, as well as diseases and insect pests are the major causes of low productivity. The objective of the present study was to investigate an adaptive performance of some introduced garlic genotypes of Korean varieties in Ethiopia. The thirteen garlic genotypes were imported from the National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Sciences (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The genotypes were tested for adaptation at Debre Zeit and Kulumsa agricultural research centers. Among the thirteen genotypes tested, only three genotypes Namdo, Daeseo, and Wangyo 57022 formed bulbs, while the remaining ten genotypes did not form bulbs despite the long growth period (179 days) taken to mature. The three genotypes had bigger bulbs and fewer but bigger cloves compared to the local varieties such as G-94-1/94, G-104-1/94, and Holeta local. A follow up replicated trial comparing Namdo with three local varieties was undertaken at Kulumsa. The replicated trial also showed that Namdo had better yield than the three local varieties. Moreover, it produced bigger bulbs and cloves than all the local varieties, which eases household and industrial processing of cloves. Therefore, verification of Namdo for production in Ethiopia could provide a better option for processing garlic.","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115539049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.161
Maurene Bombay, Sais-Beul Lee, Myrish A. Pacleb, Su-min Jo, Ji-Youn Lee, Jun-Hyeon Cho, Jong-Hee Lee, Ju-Won Kang, Sung-Ryul Kim, Jae-Sung Lee, Il-Ryong Choi, J. Lee, J. Ko, Dong-Soo Park
In the tropics (Southeast Asian countries), indica rice is more common than japonica. Japonica rice is mainly cultivated in temperate regions, including Korea, Japan, and China (northeast regions) due to its poor adaptation to tropical areas. To develop tropically-adapted high-yielding japonica rice, breeders should overcome the challenges, including extremely early flowering, low biomass accumulation, and inferior panicle traits. This study investigated 180 F9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between Ilpum (temperate japonica) and Zenith (indica) as a case population to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that influence the said traits. Here we identified two major QTLs, qHD6-SD and qHD6- LD, conferring days to heading under short day (SD) and long day (LD) conditions, respectively. Finer mapping revealed that both qHD6-SD and qHD6-LD located in the similar 98 kb region harbored the Hd1 gene. Days to heading in the RILs harboring the Zenith allele type of qHD6-SD under SD conditions were significantly longer than those in the RILs harboring the Ilpum allele type. On the contrary, days to heading in the RILs harboring the Zenith allele type of qHD6-SD under LD conditions were significantly shorter than those in the RILs harboring the Ilpum allele type. This bi-functionality of qHD6-SD upon heading strongly support the claim that both qHD6-SD and qHD6-LD might be the Hd1 gene. Our findings further support the claim that the functional allele type of Hd1 gene delays long-day heading and promotes extremely early short-day heading. Therefore, a non-functional Hd1 type is critical to tropical adaptation of japonica rice since it delays the heading date, which is essential to attain prolonged vegetative state in order to achieve optimum biomass, increased spikelet number, and grain filling capacity.
{"title":"Mapping of a Major QTL, qHD6-SD Responsible for Days to heading Under Natural Short Day Conditions to Develop Rice Varieties adaptable to Tropical Regions","authors":"Maurene Bombay, Sais-Beul Lee, Myrish A. Pacleb, Su-min Jo, Ji-Youn Lee, Jun-Hyeon Cho, Jong-Hee Lee, Ju-Won Kang, Sung-Ryul Kim, Jae-Sung Lee, Il-Ryong Choi, J. Lee, J. Ko, Dong-Soo Park","doi":"10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2021.33.2.161","url":null,"abstract":"In the tropics (Southeast Asian countries), indica rice is more common than japonica. Japonica rice is mainly cultivated in temperate regions, including Korea, Japan, and China (northeast regions) due to its poor adaptation to tropical areas. To develop tropically-adapted high-yielding japonica rice, breeders should overcome the challenges, including extremely early flowering, low biomass accumulation, and inferior panicle traits. This study investigated 180 F9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between Ilpum (temperate japonica) and Zenith (indica) as a case population to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that influence the said traits. Here we identified two major QTLs, qHD6-SD and qHD6- LD, conferring days to heading under short day (SD) and long day (LD) conditions, respectively. Finer mapping revealed that both qHD6-SD and qHD6-LD located in the similar 98 kb region harbored the Hd1 gene. Days to heading in the RILs harboring the Zenith allele type of qHD6-SD under SD conditions were significantly longer than those in the RILs harboring the Ilpum allele type. On the contrary, days to heading in the RILs harboring the Zenith allele type of qHD6-SD under LD conditions were significantly shorter than those in the RILs harboring the Ilpum allele type. This bi-functionality of qHD6-SD upon heading strongly support the claim that both qHD6-SD and qHD6-LD might be the Hd1 gene. Our findings further support the claim that the functional allele type of Hd1 gene delays long-day heading and promotes extremely early short-day heading. Therefore, a non-functional Hd1 type is critical to tropical adaptation of japonica rice since it delays the heading date, which is essential to attain prolonged vegetative state in order to achieve optimum biomass, increased spikelet number, and grain filling capacity.","PeriodicalId":332561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129770715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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