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Just How Common is the Common Law? A Historical and Comparative Perspective 普通法到底有多普遍?历史与比较的视角
Pub Date : 2019-12-19 DOI: 10.53300/001c.11471
The Hon Susan Kiefel AC
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引用次数: 0
Referred, Applied and Mirror Legislation as Primary Structures of National Uniform Legislation 引用、适用和镜像立法是国家统一立法的基本结构
Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.53300/001c.10865
Guzyal Hill
National uniform legislation links the federal distribution of powers achieved more than 117 years ago to the challenges and opportunities faced by Australia in an interconnected world. Over this span of time, varying and at times contradicting classifications of structures of this complex legislation have been offered. This article, firstly, examines a variety of existing classifications and, secondly, provides an analysis of national uniform legislation from the list prepared by the Parliamentary Counsel's Committee comprising 84 sets of uniform Acts. The purpose of this examination is to provide a synthesis of an accurate classification for today. The findings indicate the predominance of three primary structures: referred, applied and mirror. The article proposes to use classification of national uniform legislation constrained to these three primary structures; this approach contributes by diminishing ambiguity and complexity surrounding the development and drafting national uniform legislation. The article offers a classification figure that accommodates variations between previous classifications and streamlines the current understanding. This figure can serve as a practical evaluation tool for policymakers, legislative drafters and legal practitioners when working through inherent ambiguity and complexity surrounding national uniform legislation.
国家统一立法将117多年前实现的联邦权力分配与澳大利亚在一个相互关联的世界中面临的挑战和机遇联系起来。在这段时间里,对这一复杂立法的结构提出了不同的、有时相互矛盾的分类。本文首先审查了各种现有的分类,其次从议会法律顾问委员会编制的由84套统一法案组成的清单中分析了国家统一立法。本次检查的目的是为今天提供一个准确分类的综合。研究结果表明,三种主要结构占主导地位:参考结构、应用结构和镜像结构。文章建议使用国家统一立法的分类法来约束这三个主要结构;这种方法有助于减少围绕制定和起草国家统一立法的模糊性和复杂性。这篇文章提供了一个分类图,它适应了以前分类之间的差异,并简化了当前的理解。这一数字可以作为决策者、立法起草者和法律从业者在处理国家统一立法固有的模糊性和复杂性时的实用评估工具。
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引用次数: 1
Clothing Optional?: Nudity and the Law of the Australian Beach 衣服可选?:裸体和澳大利亚海滩的法律
Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.53300/001c.10864
Theodore Bennett
This article comprises the first detailed legal analysis of nudity on the Australian beach. It provides an overview of the formal law around public nudity on Australian beaches and unpacks both the cultural significance and practical operation of regulation within this context. It begins by demonstrating how the Australian beach is a particularly dense nexus of cultural meaning and significance, within which general cultural anxieties about public nudity are amplified. It then sets out the formal legal apparatus that performs the regulatory work that responds to these anxieties, including State/Territory offences relating to public exposure, public behaviour and bathing dress. However, the law ‘in the books’ about beach nudity diverges in significant ways from the law ‘in action’, and this analysis unpacks the practical side of the law of the Australian beach in terms of policing discretion, the application of legal standards of decency and propriety, and social patterns of nude beach use. The formal designation of certain spaces by some States/Territories as ‘free beaches’— where it is not against the law to be nude — is argued to constitute the symbolic containment, rather than endorsement, of public nudity.
本文首次对澳大利亚海滩上的裸体行为进行了详细的法律分析。它概述了澳大利亚海滩上公共裸体的正式法律,并揭示了在此背景下监管的文化意义和实际操作。它首先展示了澳大利亚海滩是如何成为文化意义和意义的一个特别紧密的纽带,在这个纽带中,对公众裸体的普遍文化焦虑被放大了。然后,它规定了执行监管工作的正式法律机构,以应对这些焦虑,包括与公众暴露、公共行为和泳衣有关的州/地区犯罪。然而,关于海滩裸体的“书中”法律与“实际”法律在很大程度上存在分歧,这一分析揭示了澳大利亚海滩法律在警务自由裁量权、体面和礼仪法律标准的应用以及裸体海滩使用的社会模式方面的实际一面。一些州/地区将某些空间正式指定为“自由海滩”——在那里裸体并不违法——被认为是对公众裸体的象征性遏制,而不是认可。
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引用次数: 1
Survivors Speak: How the Criminal Justice System Responds to Sexual Violence 《幸存者发言:刑事司法系统如何应对性暴力》
Pub Date : 2019-09-17 DOI: 10.53300/001c.10357
Nina Funnell, Bri Lee, Saxon Mullins, J. Crowe, Nick James
Studies show that one in five Australian women has been sexually assaulted in her lifetime. How well does our criminal justice system deal with this problem? Three prominent survivors of sexual violence—Nina Funnell, Bri Lee and Saxon Mullins—shared their experiences with the legal system at a panel discussion hosted by the Faculty of Law at Bond University on 6 June 2019. The panellists discussed the three main stages in the process—police, prosecutions and the courts—and reflected upon the challenges they encountered in their cases, as well as offering suggestions for reform. The panel was chaired by Professor Jonathan Crowe of Bond University and introduced by Professor Nick James, Executive Dean of the Faculty of Law. This is an edited transcript of the discussion.
研究表明,五分之一的澳大利亚女性在一生中遭受过性侵犯。我们的刑事司法系统在多大程度上处理了这个问题?2019年6月6日,在邦德大学法学院主办的小组讨论会上,三位著名的性暴力幸存者——妮娜·丰内尔、布里·李和萨克森·穆林斯——分享了他们在法律体系中的经历。小组成员讨论了这一过程的三个主要阶段——警察、起诉和法院——并反思了他们在案件中遇到的挑战,并提出了改革建议。该小组由邦德大学的乔纳森·克罗教授主持,法学院执行院长尼克·詹姆斯教授介绍。这是经过编辑的讨论记录。
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引用次数: 0
The Problem of Applying Foreign Law under Section 44(i) of the Constitution 《宪法》第44(i)条规定的适用外国法问题
Pub Date : 2019-03-21 DOI: 10.53300/001c.7722
Kyriaco Nikias
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引用次数: 0
Uluru Statement from the Heart: Australian Public Law Pluralism 发自内心的乌鲁鲁宣言:澳大利亚公法的多元主义
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.53300/001c.6796
Dani Larkin, K. Galloway
It is now over a year since the declaration of the Uluru Statement From the Heart (the ‘Uluru Statement’). Following an exhaustive series of dialogues with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community throughout Australia, the Uluru Statement offers an Indigenous-led legal, political, and cultural solution for bringing together Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians within our system of governance. Its three pillars are Voice, treaty, and truth-telling.In this comment we provide an overview of the Uluru Statement and its importance in Australia’s legal landscape. We do so as a background to our key contention that the Uluru Statement is a central pillar in a truly pluralistic Australian public law. Regardless of its political reception — at the time of writing the Australian government has rejected it out of hand — the Uluru Statement represents a milestone of Australian law offering a vital opportunity to integrate Indigenous law into an otherwise settler legal system.
《乌鲁鲁发自内心的声明》(“乌鲁鲁声明”)发表至今已有一年多。在与澳大利亚各地的原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民社区进行了一系列详尽的对话后,《乌鲁鲁声明》为将澳大利亚原住民和非原住民纳入我们的治理体系提供了一个由原住民主导的法律、政治和文化解决方案。它的三大支柱是声音、条约和讲真话。在这篇评论中,我们概述了乌鲁鲁声明及其在澳大利亚法律格局中的重要性。我们这样做是为了支持我们的主要论点,即《乌鲁鲁声明》是真正多元化的澳大利亚公法的核心支柱。无论其政治反响如何——在撰写本文时,澳大利亚政府已经立即拒绝了它——《乌鲁鲁声明》代表着澳大利亚法律的一个里程碑,为将土著法律融入定居者的法律体系提供了重要机会。
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引用次数: 9
Teaching Contract Vitiation in Australia: New Challenges in Subject Design 澳大利亚教学合同失效:学科设计的新挑战
Pub Date : 2018-12-21 DOI: 10.53300/001c.6797
R. Bigwood, R. Mullins
This article considers new challenges that potentially confront designers of contract-law syllabi in Australia, particularly in relation to assisting formative learners of the law to organize their conceptual knowledge of various factors or events that might work to ‘vitiate’ a contractual relationship apparently formed at law. Having recently prepared a new contract-law subject incorporating ‘vitiating factors’ within its purview, the authors describe the approach that they took to the design and presentation of that particular component of the course. Many, if not most, of the factors were presented as responding to particular (and quite familiar) forms of pre-contractual bargaining behaviour that subject an otherwise rational jural agent to an improper reason for intentional entry into a lawful contract. None of the vitiating factors, the authors decided, could be adequately explained in terms of single-party ‘defective consent’ alone. But no sooner had the new course been delivered than the High Court released its decision in Thorne v Kennedy. The majority of the judgments in that case immediately rendered descriptively inadequate at least part of the conceptual account that the authors had built for their learners in the subject. This article describes how that occurred and what ramifications might follow for the design and delivery of contract-law courses in Australia in the future, at least in relation to so-called ‘vitiating factors’.
本文考虑了澳大利亚合同法教学大纲设计者可能面临的新挑战,特别是在帮助形成性法律学习者组织他们对各种因素或事件的概念性知识方面,这些因素或事件可能会“损害”法律上明显形成的合同关系。最近准备了一个新的合同法科目,将“有害因素”纳入其范围,作者描述了他们设计和展示课程特定组成部分的方法。许多(如果不是大多数的话)因素被认为是对特定的(并且非常熟悉的)合同前议价行为形式的回应,这些行为使原本理性的法律代理人有不正当的理由故意进入合法合同。作者认为,没有任何一个不利因素可以仅仅用一方“有缺陷的同意”来充分解释。但新课程刚一下达,高等法院就公布了索恩诉肯尼迪案的判决。在这种情况下,大多数判断立即在描述上不充分,至少部分的概念性说明,作者已经建立了他们的学习者在这个主题。本文描述了这种情况是如何发生的,以及未来澳大利亚合同法课程的设计和交付可能产生的后果,至少在所谓的“损害因素”方面。
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引用次数: 0
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Bond Law Review
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