Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-1-113-120
T. Tolpysheva
Chaffinch used epiphytic foliose lichen Hypogymnia physodes for construction of nest. The living fragments of thallus were tenuously attached by their lower black surface to the outward side of the birds nest. Abundance of this species on the trees around the bird’s nest of chaffinch showed that lichen was used for camouflage of birds’ nest. In addition single thallus fragments of foliose lichen Parmelia sulcata were used with this purpose too.
{"title":"Lichens in birds nest construction of chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs)","authors":"T. Tolpysheva","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-1-113-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-1-113-120","url":null,"abstract":"Chaffinch used epiphytic foliose lichen Hypogymnia physodes for construction of nest. The living fragments of thallus were tenuously attached by their lower black surface to the outward side of the birds nest. Abundance of this species on the trees around the bird’s nest of chaffinch showed that lichen was used for camouflage of birds’ nest. In addition single thallus fragments of foliose lichen Parmelia sulcata were used with this purpose too.","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-201-227
Fyodor Maslov, Elena Kurchenko, I. Ermakova, Nadezhda Sugorkina, V. Petrosyan
The article presents the analysis of the influence of anthropogenic conditions on the dynamics of life forms of meadow plants using the indices of the average number and stability of life forms based on data from long-term monitoring of Zalidov meadows of Kaluga region. It is shown that regular mowing leads to an increase in rod-root plants and an abundance of economically insignificant species. With regular moderate grazing, the number of long root-growing life forms increases, and the abundance of high-value plant species increases. It has been established that for rational use of Zalidov meadows, haying and pasture regimes should be alternated. The issues of the applicability of the indices used to identify general trends in the development of the meadow community depending on anthropogenic impact are discussed.
{"title":"Features of the dynamics of the herbal plants life forms of the meadow communities of the Ugra National Park at the different conditions of anthropogenic impact on the basis of permanent monitoring","authors":"Fyodor Maslov, Elena Kurchenko, I. Ermakova, Nadezhda Sugorkina, V. Petrosyan","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-201-227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-201-227","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the analysis of the influence of anthropogenic conditions on the dynamics of life forms of meadow plants using the indices of the average number and stability of life forms based on data from long-term monitoring of Zalidov meadows of Kaluga region. It is shown that regular mowing leads to an increase in rod-root plants and an abundance of economically insignificant species. With regular moderate grazing, the number of long root-growing life forms increases, and the abundance of high-value plant species increases. It has been established that for rational use of Zalidov meadows, haying and pasture regimes should be alternated. The issues of the applicability of the indices used to identify general trends in the development of the meadow community depending on anthropogenic impact are discussed.","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-4-481-501
A. Maiurova, M. Kustikova
In this paper the dynamics of invasion extensiveness of freshwater Bithyniidae snails by trematodes Opisthorchis felineus (cat fluke) in the waters of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area was determined. The study was conducted for the Ob river (Surgut) and the Irtysh river (Khanty-Mansiysk) for 7 years. As a result of the study, it was determined that the population density of snails and the extensiveness of their invasion by O. felineus trematodes are higher in the Irtysh River, which is associated with the hydrological regime of the river. Indicators of invasion extensiveness are higher for Bithynia tentaculata snails than Bithynia troscheli.
{"title":"Features of the first intermediary host distribution of Opisthorchis felineus near the major cities of KhMAO–Ugra (Western Siberia)","authors":"A. Maiurova, M. Kustikova","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-4-481-501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-4-481-501","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the dynamics of invasion extensiveness of freshwater Bithyniidae snails by trematodes Opisthorchis felineus (cat fluke) in the waters of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area was determined. The study was conducted for the Ob river (Surgut) and the Irtysh river (Khanty-Mansiysk) for 7 years. As a result of the study, it was determined that the population density of snails and the extensiveness of their invasion by O. felineus trematodes are higher in the Irtysh River, which is associated with the hydrological regime of the river. Indicators of invasion extensiveness are higher for Bithynia tentaculata snails than Bithynia troscheli.","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-145-161
T. D. Nozdrina, E. Solomonova, N. Trusov
In connection with the state policy of import substitution and fortification of food products, in the Russian Federation, the search, study and introduction of new types of domestic non-traditional plant materials into the food industry are relevant. The purpose of the study is comparative analysis of the size and weight characteristics of cynarodies (fruits) of rosehips undergoing introduction tests in the arboretum of the N.V. Tsytsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, to find out the possibilities and advantages of their industrial and domestic use. The objects of the study are mature infructescences of hips growing abundantly in the conditions of Moscow region: Rosa amblyotis C.A. Mey, Rosa maximowicziana Regel and Rosa oxyodon Boiss. The determination of the length, diameter, weight of cynarrodies, the content of absolutely dry substances in them, as well as the statistical processing of the research results were carried out according to standard methods. The reliability of interspecies differences of analyzed traits were established according to criteria of Student and Fisher. The superiority of the most variable fresh and air-dried cynarrodies of R. oxyodon in length, diameter and weight (2.02×1.18 cm and 1.08 g, respectively) was revealed, compared to the smallest and least changeable infructescences of R. maximowicziana (0,86×0.90 cm and 0.34g), as well as of R. amblyotis fruits which are intermediate in terms of these characteristics (1.06 x1.22 cm and 0.74 g). However, infructescences of R. amblyotis, containing an increased percentage of absolutely dry substance (94%), turned out to be no less promising than larger ones due to the significant water content of R. oxyodon cynarrodies (90%). For final determination of industrial significance of investigated rosehips infructescences, the size and weight study we have undertaken is not enough; further biochemical analysis is required.
{"title":"Non-traditional for Moscow region rosehips species: morphometric and gravimetric characteristics of cinarrodies","authors":"T. D. Nozdrina, E. Solomonova, N. Trusov","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-145-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-145-161","url":null,"abstract":"In connection with the state policy of import substitution and fortification of food products, in the Russian Federation, the search, study and introduction of new types of domestic non-traditional plant materials into the food industry are relevant. The purpose of the study is comparative analysis of the size and weight characteristics of cynarodies (fruits) of rosehips undergoing introduction tests in the arboretum of the N.V. Tsytsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, to find out the possibilities and advantages of their industrial and domestic use. The objects of the study are mature infructescences of hips growing abundantly in the conditions of Moscow region: Rosa amblyotis C.A. Mey, Rosa maximowicziana Regel and Rosa oxyodon Boiss. The determination of the length, diameter, weight of cynarrodies, the content of absolutely dry substances in them, as well as the statistical processing of the research results were carried out according to standard methods. The reliability of interspecies differences of analyzed traits were established according to criteria of Student and Fisher. The superiority of the most variable fresh and air-dried cynarrodies of R. oxyodon in length, diameter and weight (2.02×1.18 cm and 1.08 g, respectively) was revealed, compared to the smallest and least changeable infructescences of R. maximowicziana (0,86×0.90 cm and 0.34g), as well as of R. amblyotis fruits which are intermediate in terms of these characteristics (1.06 x1.22 cm and 0.74 g). However, infructescences of R. amblyotis, containing an increased percentage of absolutely dry substance (94%), turned out to be no less promising than larger ones due to the significant water content of R. oxyodon cynarrodies (90%). For final determination of industrial significance of investigated rosehips infructescences, the size and weight study we have undertaken is not enough; further biochemical analysis is required.","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-3-273-284
T. Dobrovolskaya, T. Khusnetdinova, Polina Savitskaya, O. Shelepova
The abundance and taxonomic structure of the epiphytic bacterial communities of three species of the genus Solidago (Solidago virgaurea L., Solidago canadensis L., Solidago gigantea Aiton) from natural habitats was determined. It was established that in goldenrod during vegetation period, the number of bacteria of the epiphytic complex on leaves and roots increases by 1–2 orders of magnitude, in the soil under the studied plants, the density and taxonomic structure of the bacterial complex did not change much. In all the periods of sampling on the leaves of 3 species of goldenrod, among the epiphytic bacteria of the phyllosphere, pigmented forms of proteobacteria dominated, no replacement of eccisotrophic proteobacteria with bacteria of the hydrolytic complex was recorded. In inflorescences and seeds in Solidago canadensis and Solidago gigantea, the pigmented forms of proteobacteria were also dominant, their share was 60–100%, while in inflorescences of S. virgaurea they were in minor quantities, and apigmented forms of proteobacteria dominated.
{"title":"The structure of bacterial communities of some species of the genus Solidago L.","authors":"T. Dobrovolskaya, T. Khusnetdinova, Polina Savitskaya, O. Shelepova","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-3-273-284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-3-273-284","url":null,"abstract":"The abundance and taxonomic structure of the epiphytic bacterial communities of three species of the genus Solidago (Solidago virgaurea L., Solidago canadensis L., Solidago gigantea Aiton) from natural habitats was determined. It was established that in goldenrod during vegetation period, the number of bacteria of the epiphytic complex on leaves and roots increases by 1–2 orders of magnitude, in the soil under the studied plants, the density and taxonomic structure of the bacterial complex did not change much. In all the periods of sampling on the leaves of 3 species of goldenrod, among the epiphytic bacteria of the phyllosphere, pigmented forms of proteobacteria dominated, no replacement of eccisotrophic proteobacteria with bacteria of the hydrolytic complex was recorded. In inflorescences and seeds in Solidago canadensis and Solidago gigantea, the pigmented forms of proteobacteria were also dominant, their share was 60–100%, while in inflorescences of S. virgaurea they were in minor quantities, and apigmented forms of proteobacteria dominated.","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-3-285-301
Yu.A. Nasimovich, N. Vasilieva
Statistical analysis of 10 quantitative and 9 qualitative diagnostic characters of leaves and shoots of three Russian (Populus laurifolia Ledeb., P. nigra L., P. suaveolens Fisch.) and two Central Asian (P. usbekistanica Komarov, P. macrocarpa (Schrenk.) N. Pavl. et Lipsch.) poplar species of the Tacamahaca (Spach) Penjkovsky subgenus was performed. It was shown that according to studied quantitative characters P. nigra (Aegirus section) and P. suaveolens (Tacamahaca section) belong to opposite “poles”. This could be possibly due to the fact that the first species is the most common for lowlands poplar in said group, and the second species is the most mountainous and confined to the most severe climatic conditions. The natural areas of these two species are also geographically extremely far from one another. The other three species occupy an intermediate position both in their characters, in terms of growth, and geographically. In addition, they all hybridize in nature with Populus nigra, and Populus laurifolia also with P. suaveolens, which can also explain the intermediate nature of their characters. It was shown that the leaf characters, such as leaf length and width, leaf length and width ratio etc., reflect the specificity of the studied species somewhat worse than a number of specific characters (leaf maximum width position, leaf teeth height and lateral edge radius of curvature, leaf top length and width).
3种月桂树叶和芽10个定量和9个定性诊断性状的统计分析。P. nigra L.， P. suaveolens Fisch.)和两个中亚(P. usbekstanica Komarov, P. macrocarpa (Schrenk.))n Pavl。et Lipsch.)对Penjkovsky亚属Tacamahaca (Spach)杨树种进行了研究。研究结果表明，从数量性状上看，黑桫椤(Aegirus剖面)和suaveolens (Tacamahaca剖面)属于相对的“极点”。这可能是由于第一种是该类群中最常见的低地杨树，而第二种是最多山的，受最恶劣气候条件的限制。这两个物种的自然区域在地理上也相距极远。其他三种在其性状、生长和地理位置上都处于中间位置。此外，它们在自然界中都与黑杨杂交，与苏威杨杂交，这也可以解释它们性状的中间性。结果表明，叶长宽、叶长宽比等叶片性状对研究种特异性的反映程度略低于叶片最大宽度位置、叶齿高度和侧边曲率半径、叶顶长度和宽度等性状。
{"title":"Comparison of morphological characters of different poplar species (Populus, Salicaceae) using the example of Russian and Central Asian Tacamahaca (Spach) Penjkovsky subgenus representatives","authors":"Yu.A. Nasimovich, N. Vasilieva","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-3-285-301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-3-285-301","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical analysis of 10 quantitative and 9 qualitative diagnostic characters of leaves and shoots of three Russian (Populus laurifolia Ledeb., P. nigra L., P. suaveolens Fisch.) and two Central Asian (P. usbekistanica Komarov, P. macrocarpa (Schrenk.) N. Pavl. et Lipsch.) poplar species of the Tacamahaca (Spach) Penjkovsky subgenus was performed. It was shown that according to studied quantitative characters P. nigra (Aegirus section) and P. suaveolens (Tacamahaca section) belong to opposite “poles”. This could be possibly due to the fact that the first species is the most common for lowlands poplar in said group, and the second species is the most mountainous and confined to the most severe climatic conditions. The natural areas of these two species are also geographically extremely far from one another. The other three species occupy an intermediate position both in their characters, in terms of growth, and geographically. In addition, they all hybridize in nature with Populus nigra, and Populus laurifolia also with P. suaveolens, which can also explain the intermediate nature of their characters. It was shown that the leaf characters, such as leaf length and width, leaf length and width ratio etc., reflect the specificity of the studied species somewhat worse than a number of specific characters (leaf maximum width position, leaf teeth height and lateral edge radius of curvature, leaf top length and width).","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-1-58-78
A. Kozlov, A. Kulikova, O. Selitskaya, I. Uromova
In aspect of modern direction of potential impact assessment of alternative fertilizer materials on properties of soils variability of activity of the main gydrolase and oxide reductase enzymes in sod-podsolic sandy loamy soil (by WRB Retisols) and indicators of its effective fertility under influence of meliorative doses of bentonite clay is determined. Microfield research was conducted during 2015–2017 in conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Breed was brought once (2014) in an arable layer of earth in doses at rate of 3, 6 and 12 t/hectare. In years of carrying out research grew up winter wheat (Moskovskaya 39), barley (Veles) and peas of sowing campaign (Chishminsky 95). When determining enzymatic activity of soil and maintenance of batteries of plants in it used classical biochemical and agrochemical methods used in soil science. Under influence of bentonite clay high doses in soil observed considerable activization of enzymatic activity (protease (to 90%), cellulase (almost twice), phosphatase (up to 140%), phenol oxidase (up to 30%) and catalase (up to 70%)). As result, improvement of its agrochemical indicators is revealed, including increase in content of mobile compounds of phosphorus (on 21–31 mg/kg), exchange forms of potassium (on 32–41 mg/kg), available silicates (by 2–8 times in α-form and at 1,5–3,0 time in β-form), strengthening of nitrifying ability (on 2,6–4,1 mg/kg) and also relative persistence of maintenance of humic substances at level of control is established. Received results can be basis for introduction of bentonite in production field experiments and in subsequent for development of technology of bentonite clays use in agriculture of the Non-chernozem zone as meliorative substance, optimizing enzymatic activity of soils.
{"title":"Change of gydrolase and oxide reductase fermental complex activity and indicators of fertility to sod-podsolic soil under action of bentonite clay","authors":"A. Kozlov, A. Kulikova, O. Selitskaya, I. Uromova","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-1-58-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-1-58-78","url":null,"abstract":"In aspect of modern direction of potential impact assessment of alternative fertilizer materials on properties of soils variability of activity of the main gydrolase and oxide reductase enzymes in sod-podsolic sandy loamy soil (by WRB Retisols) and indicators of its effective fertility under influence of meliorative doses of bentonite clay is determined. Microfield research was conducted during 2015–2017 in conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Breed was brought once (2014) in an arable layer of earth in doses at rate of 3, 6 and 12 t/hectare. In years of carrying out research grew up winter wheat (Moskovskaya 39), barley (Veles) and peas of sowing campaign (Chishminsky 95). When determining enzymatic activity of soil and maintenance of batteries of plants in it used classical biochemical and agrochemical methods used in soil science. Under influence of bentonite clay high doses in soil observed considerable activization of enzymatic activity (protease (to 90%), cellulase (almost twice), phosphatase (up to 140%), phenol oxidase (up to 30%) and catalase (up to 70%)). As result, improvement of its agrochemical indicators is revealed, including increase in content of mobile compounds of phosphorus (on 21–31 mg/kg), exchange forms of potassium (on 32–41 mg/kg), available silicates (by 2–8 times in α-form and at 1,5–3,0 time in β-form), strengthening of nitrifying ability (on 2,6–4,1 mg/kg) and also relative persistence of maintenance of humic substances at level of control is established. Received results can be basis for introduction of bentonite in production field experiments and in subsequent for development of technology of bentonite clays use in agriculture of the Non-chernozem zone as meliorative substance, optimizing enzymatic activity of soils.","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-4-502-515
T. Atanasyan, S. Muraveva, Anastasia Stryuchkova, E. Eliseeva
The content of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, zinc, copper) in the soil and in the body of insects was studied using an inversion volt-amperometric method of analysis (SWV) and spectrometric analysis using ICP 730-ES. Samples for analysis were selected at the Malinki biological station (on the border of the Podolsky and Narofominsky districts of the Moscow region) and at the Pavlovskaya Sloboda agrobiological station (located in the Istrinsky district of the Moscow region). Studies have allowed us to provide an environmental assessment of the composition of the soil and the content of heavy metals in the body of insects. According to the degree of contamination of the organism of insects of the Chrysomelidae family (leaf beetle) and the Carabidae family (ground beetles), the studied metals can be arranged in a series of zinc > lead > copper > cadmium, which practically coincides with a number of pollution of the studied soils by these metals.
{"title":"Determination of the content of heavy metals in soil and insects’ organism of the Moscow region","authors":"T. Atanasyan, S. Muraveva, Anastasia Stryuchkova, E. Eliseeva","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-4-502-515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-4-502-515","url":null,"abstract":"The content of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, zinc, copper) in the soil and in the body of insects was studied using an inversion volt-amperometric method of analysis (SWV) and spectrometric analysis using ICP 730-ES. Samples for analysis were selected at the Malinki biological station (on the border of the Podolsky and Narofominsky districts of the Moscow region) and at the Pavlovskaya Sloboda agrobiological station (located in the Istrinsky district of the Moscow region). Studies have allowed us to provide an environmental assessment of the composition of the soil and the content of heavy metals in the body of insects. According to the degree of contamination of the organism of insects of the Chrysomelidae family (leaf beetle) and the Carabidae family (ground beetles), the studied metals can be arranged in a series of zinc > lead > copper > cadmium, which practically coincides with a number of pollution of the studied soils by these metals.","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-131-144
A. Ganina, Y. Vinogradova
To control the dispersal of invasive species and reduce the damage from the introduction of undesirable plants into the natural plant communities, it is necessary, first of all, to conduct an inventory of the alien flora fraction and investigate the biomorphological features of alien plants. The purpose of the study is to determine the number of spontaneous populations and to identify the biological characteristics of Adenocaulon adhaerescens (Asteraceae) that are actively settling in the Moscow. The goals of the work are mapping A. adhaerescens in the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GBS RAS) and Shchukinsky Forest Park (Moscow), identifying the amplitude of variability of the generative organs of the plants and determining their seed productivity in order to predict further expansion into the secondary distribution range. Using the route method we revealed the number of A.adhaerescens generative individuals in both localities. Morphological features were investigated using a KEYENCE VHX-1000 digital electronic microscope. The total number of generative plants was 5891 in the territory of the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and up to 1500 plants in the Schukinsky forest park. Annually, 1.5 million seeds are formed in the GBS RAS, and 127 thousand seeds – in the Shchukinsky Forest Park. Considering the morphological features of the seeds, which possess glandular trichomes, capable of clinging to animals and humans, the possibility of the rapid dispersal of this alien species by the seeds is not excluded. This gives grounds to attribute this species as a potentially invasive plant and take measures to control its numbers.
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Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-228-239
I. Spiridonova, S. Lomov
Maklasheevsky II settlement is a complex archaeological site, which includes settlements of the early Iron Age and the early Middle Ages, separated by more than six hundred years of natural development and transformation of anthropogenic structures. Maklasheevsky II ancient settlement is a remnant of a terrace 10 m high above the reservoir level and the defensive structures (3.0 m high) of the Early Iron Age and the early Middle Ages preserved on it. By origin, this object is a natural and anthropogenic geosystem. During the period of natural development of the middle part of the Maklasheevsky II settlement, soil formation prevailed on relatively flat surfaces and the formation of underdeveloped soils – sod-carbonate, subsequently buried by deluvium. In buried soils, an improvement in structure and water resistance is noticeable, up to a good estimate, in comparison with overlapping deluvium. In addition, there was an increase in the carbon content of humus by almost 1.5 times, the actual acidity decreased to neutral, the hydrolytic acidity increased, compared with overlapping deluvium.
Maklasheevsky II定居点是一个复杂的考古遗址，其中包括铁器时代早期和中世纪早期的定居点，相隔六百多年的自然发展和人为结构的转变。马克拉舍夫斯基II古定居点是一个比水库高10米的梯田的遗迹，上面保存着铁器时代早期和中世纪早期的防御结构(3.0米高)。从起源上看，这个物体是一个自然和人为的地质系统。在Maklasheevsky II II聚落中部的自然发育时期，土壤形成以相对平坦的表面为主，并形成欠发达的土壤-碳酸盐岩，随后被洪积物掩埋。在埋藏的土壤中，与重叠的雨淋层相比，结构和抗水性的改善是明显的，可以很好地估计。此外，腐殖质的含碳量增加了近1.5倍，实际酸度降至中性，水解酸度增加。
{"title":"Buried soils of the middle part Miklashevsky II settlement (Middle Volga region)","authors":"I. Spiridonova, S. Lomov","doi":"10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-228-239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31862/2500-2961-2019-9-2-228-239","url":null,"abstract":"Maklasheevsky II settlement is a complex archaeological site, which includes settlements of the early Iron Age and the early Middle Ages, separated by more than six hundred years of natural development and transformation of anthropogenic structures. Maklasheevsky II ancient settlement is a remnant of a terrace 10 m high above the reservoir level and the defensive structures (3.0 m high) of the Early Iron Age and the early Middle Ages preserved on it. By origin, this object is a natural and anthropogenic geosystem. During the period of natural development of the middle part of the Maklasheevsky II settlement, soil formation prevailed on relatively flat surfaces and the formation of underdeveloped soils – sod-carbonate, subsequently buried by deluvium. In buried soils, an improvement in structure and water resistance is noticeable, up to a good estimate, in comparison with overlapping deluvium. In addition, there was an increase in the carbon content of humus by almost 1.5 times, the actual acidity decreased to neutral, the hydrolytic acidity increased, compared with overlapping deluvium.","PeriodicalId":33303,"journal":{"name":"Sotsial''noekologicheskie tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69787396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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