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A study to explore the impact of entrepreneur’s nonequilibrium of moral behavior on entrepreneur’s image evaluation 企业家道德行为非均衡对企业家形象评价影响的研究
Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-03-2022-0004
Jingjing Huang, Ruoyu Yu, Shengxiong Wen, Zelin Tong, Nan Zhou
PurposeIt is unattainable that entrepreneurs engage equivalent resources in public and private morality because of the limitation of resources. This study aims to conduct experiments to test how entrepreneurial deviation in morality affects legitimacy perception of consumers to entrepreneurs.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted secondary data analysis and experiment to test how entrepreneurial deviation in morality affects legitimacy perception of consumers to entrepreneurs.FindingsThe experimental results show that entrepreneurial deviation in morality negatively affects legitimacy perceptions of consumers to entrepreneurs. Specifically, when public moral is higher than private moral, consumers have negative perceptions of pragmatic legitimacy to entrepreneurs, because consumers perceive deviation behaviors disobey the norm “Li”. However, entrepreneurial private morality excels public morality, consumers have negative perceptions of social legitimacy to entrepreneurs because consumers perceive deviation behaviors disobey the norm “Qing”. Moreover, the authors examined entrepreneurial values moderate the effects of moral deviation and legitimacy perceptions.Originality/valueThis study expands the ethical marketing of entrepreneurs from the perspective of the deviation between public morality and private morality.
目的由于资源的限制,企业家在公德和私德中投入同等资源是不可能实现的。本研究旨在通过实验检验企业家道德偏差如何影响消费者对企业家的合法性认知。本研究通过二次数据分析和实验来检验企业家道德偏差如何影响消费者对企业家的合法性认知。实验结果表明,企业家道德偏差对消费者对企业家的合法性认知产生负向影响。具体而言,当公共道德高于私人道德时,消费者对企业家的务实合法性有负面认知,因为消费者认为偏离行为违背了规范“理”。然而,企业家的私人道德优于公共道德,消费者对企业家的社会合法性有负面感知,因为消费者认为偏离行为违背了规范“清”。此外,作者还考察了企业家价值观对道德偏差和合法性认知的调节作用。创新/价值本研究从公德与私德偏差的角度展开企业家伦理营销。
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引用次数: 0
The construction of consumer dynamic trust in cross-border online shopping – qualitative research based on Tmall Global, JD Worldwide and NetEase Koala 跨境网购消费者动态信任构建——基于天猫全球、京东全球、网易考拉的定性研究
Pub Date : 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-08-2021-0031
Xuhui Wang, Bo Zhao, Jiaqi Chen
PurposeAs Chinese imported cross-border e-commerce has entered a stage of rapid development, the problem of consumer shopping risk is increasingly prominent and the crisis of consumer trust is intensified. The theory of establishing consumer trust in traditional online shopping can no longer meet the need of cross-border context.Design/methodology/approachThe researchers used the methods of network logs and grounded theory. The data collection and analysis are conducted on consumer comments from Tmall Global, NetEase Koala and JD Worldwide in the product comment area. This article explored and extracted the moderating variables of consumer perceived risk and cross-border characteristics in cross-border e-commerce. Based on the theory of “perceived risk – consumer trust – consumer purchase decision – making,” this article deduced mechanism of consumer dynamic trust based on the whole process of cross-border e-commerce transaction.FindingsIn the prepurchase, purchase and postpurchase stages of cross-border e-commerce transactions, consumers' perceived cognitive risk, transaction risk and utility risk are moderated by the cultural distance, geographical distance and institutional distance caused by the cross-border transaction subjects. On this basis, the preinfluence factors of trust in each transaction stage are synthesized to respectively influence the establishment of cognitive trust, emotional trust and behavioral trust, so as to affect consumers to make the order payment, confirm receipt and praise repurchase decisions. At the same time, with the advance of prepurchase, purchase and postpurchase transactions in cross-border online shopping, consumer trust presents a dynamic evolutionary path of “cognitive trust – emotional trust – behavioral trust.”Originality/valueThis article expands the application context of the theory of consumer rational behavior from traditional online shopping to the context of cross-border online shopping and expands the scope of interpretation of the theory of consumer rational behavior. This article also supplements the theoretical gaps in the dynamic evolution of consumer trust in cross-border online shopping, enriches the decision-making process model of consumers in the context of cross-border online shopping and provides new ideas for follow-up research.
中国进口跨境电商进入快速发展阶段,消费者购物风险问题日益突出,消费者信任危机加剧。传统网络购物中建立消费者信任的理论已经不能满足跨境语境的需要。研究人员使用了网络日志和扎根理论的方法。数据收集和分析来自天猫国际、网易考拉和京东全球在产品评论区的消费者评论。本文探索并提取了跨境电子商务中消费者感知风险和跨境特征的调节变量。本文以“感知风险-消费者信任-消费者购买决策”理论为基础,基于跨境电子商务交易的全过程,推导了消费者动态信任机制。在跨境电商交易的购前、购中、购后三个阶段,消费者感知的认知风险、交易风险和效用风险均受到跨境交易主体造成的文化距离、地理距离和制度距离的调节。在此基础上,综合各个交易阶段信任的前影响因素,分别影响认知信任、情感信任和行为信任的建立,从而影响消费者做出订单支付、确认收货和赞扬再购买的决策。同时,随着跨境网购购前、购中、购后交易的推进,消费者信任呈现出“认知信任-情感信任-行为信任”的动态演化路径。原创性/价值本文将消费者理性行为理论的应用语境从传统的网络购物拓展到跨境网络购物的语境,拓展了消费者理性行为理论的阐释范围。本文还补充了跨境网购消费者信任动态演变的理论空白,丰富了跨境网购背景下消费者决策过程模型,为后续研究提供了新的思路。
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引用次数: 3
Family identity construction: an interpretation of the Lunar New Year's Eve dinner consumption ritual 家庭身份建构:对年夜饭消费仪式的解读
Pub Date : 2022-01-14 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-10-2021-0037
H. Xue, Xin Zhao, Pokachev Nikolay, Jiayi Qin
PurposeFamily dinner on Lunar New Year's Eve is the most important and most ritualized feast for families in China. It is the time for the entire family to reunite. Families gather together to reflect their past and talk about the future. Through the lens of consumer culture theories, this study explores how Chinese consumers construct family identity.Design/methodology/approachBased on constant comparative analysis of primary data including in-depth interviews and participant observation, and secondary data including historical archives, cultural tracing, documentary reports and essays, the authors deconstruct the consumption rituals of family dinner on Chinese Lunar New Year's Eve. The authors focus on four aspects, including participants, place, time and related activities, and analyze Chinese consumers' ritual experiences.FindingsThe authors’ findings show how young consumers construct and strengthen individual self-identity, relational identity and family identity in various ways through consumption and ritual practices during Chinese Lunar New Year celebration.Originality/valueThe study of family dinner on Lunar New Year's Eve helps the authors understand contemporary consumer culture in three aspects. First, it helps the authors understand the relationship between consumption and culture. Second, the study shows the changes and continuities of consumption rituals. Third, the research highlights the experience of “home” among contemporary Chinese consumers.
目的年夜饭是中国家庭最重要、最仪式化的节日。这是全家团聚的时候。家人聚在一起回顾过去,谈论未来。本研究透过消费文化理论的视角,探讨中国消费者如何建构家庭认同。基于深度访谈、参与式观察等一手资料和历史档案、文化追溯、文献报道、随笔等二手资料的不断对比分析,作者解构了中国年夜饭的消费仪式。作者从参与者、地点、时间和相关活动四个方面分析了中国消费者的仪式体验。作者的研究结果显示了年轻消费者如何通过中国农历新年期间的消费和仪式实践,以各种方式构建和加强个人自我认同、关系认同和家庭认同。对年夜饭的研究有助于作者从三个方面理解当代消费文化。首先,它有助于作者理解消费与文化之间的关系。其次,研究显示了消费仪式的变化和连续性。第三,研究突出了当代中国消费者对“家”的体验。
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引用次数: 1
Evolution of omni-channel business models: a new community-based omni-channel and data-enabled ecosystem 全渠道商业模式的演变:基于社区的全渠道和数据支持的新生态系统
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-11-2020-0045
Rui Wang, Xuanli Xie, Hao Ma
PurposeThe authors seek to crack the model of new retail by outlining the unique business model known as community-based omni-channel and data-enabled ecosystem.Design/methodology/approachThe study’s analyses of Hema cases and other examples reveal a new omni-channel model, a community-based and data-enabled ecosystem model.FindingsThe ecosystem targets local customers within a limited geographical range. It is also data-enabled and effectively leverages large-scale data on consumers, store operations, supply chains and logistics to ensure the smooth functioning of the ecosystem.Originality/valueThe authors hope the typology brings new insights to the development of omni-channel retail.
作者试图通过概述以社区为基础的全渠道和数据驱动生态系统的独特商业模式来破解新零售模式。本研究通过对盒马鲜生和其他案例的分析,揭示了一种全新的全渠道模式,一种基于社区和数据的生态系统模式。该生态系统针对的是有限地理范围内的本地客户。它还支持数据,并有效利用有关消费者、商店运营、供应链和物流的大规模数据,以确保生态系统的顺利运行。原创性/价值作者希望类型学能给全渠道零售的发展带来新的启示。
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引用次数: 3
Expressing gratitude versus empathetic apology: which one is better to use as an initial recovery strategy after a service failure? 表达感激与移情道歉:在服务故障后,哪一个更适合作为最初的恢复策略?
Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-01-2021-0001
Arash Ahmadi, Sohrab Fakhimi
PurposeThe main purpose of this work is to evaluate the different psychological impacts of two initial verbal recovery strategies (gratitude vs empathetic apology) on the consumers' loyalty after a service failure. The proposed theoretical model also appraises the mediating role of two emotional responses (consumer forgiveness, consumer anger) and consumer self-esteem and the moderating role of self-oriented perfectionism.Design/methodology/approachTwo studies (i.e. an experimental design and a field study) are considered for this investigation to assess the effectiveness of gratitude expression versus empathetic apology on post-recovery loyalty and test the effects of mediators and the moderator applied between the verbal recovery strategies and post-recovery loyalty.FindingsThe results of Study 1 revealed the supremacy of gratitude to empathetic apology in maintaining consumers' loyalty after service failure recovery. The better impact of gratitude expressed in increasing post-recovery loyalty is mediated through the elevation of consumers' forgiveness, the reduction of consumers' anger and consumers' self-esteem. The findings of Study 2 indicated that gratitude increases more post-recovery loyalty through individuals with a high level of self-oriented perfectionism.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research could examine other service failure situations, different types of service recovery, mediators or moderators, which contribute to the service marketing literature.Practical implicationsAfter a service failure, using gratitude expressions to consumers often makes them feel better and more valuable.Originality/valueThis work increases service providers' knowledge in using proper expressions after a service failure to help elevate consumers' positive reactions resulting in maintaining their loyalty.
目的本研究的主要目的是评估两种初始言语恢复策略(感激与共情道歉)对服务失败后消费者忠诚度的不同心理影响。该理论模型还评价了两种情绪反应(消费者原谅、消费者愤怒)和消费者自尊的中介作用以及自我导向型完美主义的调节作用。设计/方法/方法本研究采用两项研究(实验设计和实地研究)来评估感恩表达与共情道歉对恢复后忠诚的影响,并测试言语恢复策略对恢复后忠诚的中介和调节作用。研究1的结果显示,在服务故障恢复后,感恩对维持消费者忠诚度的作用优于移情道歉。感恩对提高恢复后忠诚的较好影响是通过提高消费者的宽恕、降低消费者的愤怒和自尊来中介的。研究2的研究结果表明,高水平自我导向型完美主义个体的感恩能提高康复后的忠诚度。研究局限/启示未来的研究可以考察其他服务失败情况、不同类型的服务恢复、中介或调节因子,这些都有助于服务营销文献的研究。实际意义在服务失败后,对消费者使用感激的表达通常会让他们感觉更好,更有价值。创意/价值本工作增加了服务提供者在服务失败后使用正确表达的知识,帮助提升消费者的积极反应,从而保持他们的忠诚度。
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引用次数: 1
The importance of incorporating relevant-added value into esports sponsorships 将相关附加价值纳入电子竞技赞助的重要性
Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-03-2021-0009
Bruno Duarte Abreu Freitas, R. S. Contreras-Espinosa, P. Correia
PurposeThis research aims to identify how important it is that brands incorporate relevant-added value into their esports sponsorships.Design/methodology/approachThis exploratory research applied a convergent-parallel mixed method with equal status. Data were collected by interviewing 22 experts in esports sponsorships and having 5,638 esports fans fill out an online survey. SPSS 25 was used to analyze quantitative data and NVIVO 10 to process qualitative data. Each dataset was analyzed separately and then compared with both having the same level of importance.FindingsThe results revealed that all experts considered the creation of relevant-added value as an essential strategy for successful esports sponsorships and the large majority of fans want sponsors to apply this tactic. Interestingly, while the experts mostly emphasized ways to directly benefit the fan-base, the fans prefer that sponsors focus on directly supporting the esports industry.Practical implicationsBrands should incorporate relevant-added value into their esports sponsorships as it greatly decreases fan resistance to the promotional message, catches the fans' attention and engagement much more easily, has a much higher probability of leading to high positive return on investments (ROIs) and makes for a much more cost-effective investment.Originality/valueThe field of esports sponsorships has received little academic attention and the results are highly significant and relevant for all current and potential esports sponsors looking to increase the effectiveness of their esports sponsorships.
本研究旨在确定品牌将相关附加价值纳入其电子竞技赞助的重要性。设计/方法/方法本探索性研究采用同等地位的收敛-并行混合方法。数据是通过采访22位电子竞技赞助专家,并让5638名电子竞技粉丝填写在线调查来收集的。定量数据采用SPSS 25分析,定性数据采用NVIVO 10处理。每个数据集分别进行分析,然后与具有相同重要性水平的两个数据集进行比较。调查结果显示,所有专家都认为创造相关附加值是成功电竞赞助的基本策略,绝大多数粉丝希望赞助商采用这一策略。有趣的是,虽然专家们大多强调的是直接让粉丝受益的方法,但粉丝们更希望赞助商专注于直接支持电子竞技产业。品牌应该将相关的附加价值融入到他们的电子竞技赞助中,因为这大大降低了粉丝对促销信息的抵抗力,更容易吸引粉丝的注意力和参与度,更有可能带来高的正投资回报率(roi),并使投资更具成本效益。原创/价值电子竞技赞助领域很少受到学术界的关注,其结果对于所有希望提高其电子竞技赞助效率的当前和潜在电子竞技赞助商来说都是非常重要和相关的。
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引用次数: 0
Is the sense of awe an effective emotion to promote product sharing: based on the type of awe and tie strength 敬畏感是一种促进产品分享的有效情感吗:基于敬畏的类型和联系强度
Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-10-2021-0036
Huawei Zhu, X. Duan, Yu Su
PurposeAs a complex social emotion, awe includes both positive emotion and negative emotion. But few studies have explored the downstream effects and psychological mechanisms of two different types of awe. As a self-transcendence emotion, awe will arouse the small self, that is, reduce self-awareness. In the era of the sharing economy, the obstacle to sharing is the strong self-awareness that consumers have built about their belongings. Therefore, this paper aims to explore how two different types of awe can affect consumers' sharing, especially with different relationships.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted two experiments to test the effect of awe on consumer sharing of their own products. Study 1 aimed to examine the main effect of different awe on consumer sharing of their product as well as the underlying mechanism. Study 2 aimed to examine the interacting role of tie strength in the effect of awe on consumer product sharing.FindingsThrough two empirical tests, the authors have found that, relative to the control group, the sense of awe arouses the feeling of small self and significantly increases the consumers' willingness of sharing. Also, the authors have found that threat-based awe which leads to self-diminishment is more conducive to promoting the sharing of weak ties; on the contrary, the nonthreat-based awe which leads to a feeling of vastness is more conducive to promoting the sharing of strong ties.Originality/valueThis research expands the literature in the field of sharing. While the mainstream sharing a focus on information sharing, this research extends it to product sharing. What is more important is, this research explores how to encourage sharing to weak ties, which contributes to sharing economy.
敬畏是一种复杂的社会情感,它包括积极情感和消极情感。但很少有研究探索两种不同敬畏的下游效应和心理机制。敬畏作为一种超越自我的情绪,会唤醒小自我,即降低自我意识。在共享经济时代,阻碍共享的障碍是消费者对自己财产的强烈自我意识。因此,本文旨在探讨两种不同类型的敬畏如何影响消费者的分享,特别是在不同的关系下。设计/方法/方法本研究通过两个实验来测试敬畏对消费者分享自己产品的影响。研究1旨在探讨不同敬畏感对消费者产品分享的主要影响及其作用机制。研究二旨在检验纽带强度在敬畏对消费者产品分享的影响中的交互作用。通过两次实证检验,笔者发现,相对于对照组,敬畏感唤起了消费者的小自我感,显著增加了消费者的分享意愿。此外,作者还发现,导致自我贬低的基于威胁的敬畏更有利于促进弱关系的共享;相反,不以威胁为基础的敬畏会导致一种浩瀚的感觉,更有利于促进强关系的共享。原创性/价值本研究拓展了分享领域的文献。主流的共享关注于信息共享,而本研究将其扩展到产品共享。更重要的是,本研究探讨了如何鼓励弱关系的共享,从而促进共享经济的发展。
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引用次数: 1
How consumers' personalities, lifestyles and demographics predict SVOD genre and SVOD platform consumption 消费者的个性、生活方式和人口特征如何预测SVOD类型和SVOD平台的消费
Pub Date : 2021-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-06-2021-0020
Anthony Palomba
PurposeStreaming video on demand (SVOD) services are comprised of digital media content creation and content distribution that provide a vast array of genre content playable on an assortment of different technology platforms. Additionally, these digital services are equipped to collect data and information on consumers. However, these services do not capture extensive consumer demographics, lifestyles or personalities information.Design/methodology/approachTo resolve this discrepancy, collecting external information such as complete demographics, personalities and lifestyles of consumers can be useful in advancing SVOD consumer behavior knowledge. This study examined how consumer demographics, lifestyles and personalities may predict SVOD genre consumption and SVOD platform consumption. A survey was executed and disseminated to collect consumer information across these dimensions. Multiple linear regressions and a structural equation model were formed to explicate variance.FindingsConsumer demographics, lifestyles and personalities’ information do predict SVOD genre consumption and SVOD platform consumption.Originality/valueMedia selection and trait theory have not been applied to understanding unexplained variance behind consumer media consumption, and are often used to predict media consumption variance among consumers. These findings illustrate that, while digital consumer touchpoints are necessary to collect and analyze, marketers should not lose sight of easily-obtainable consumer data, much of which dictates consumption choices.
流媒体视频点播(SVOD)服务由数字媒体内容创作和内容分发组成,提供了大量可在各种不同技术平台上播放的类型内容。此外,这些数字服务还配备了收集消费者数据和信息的设备。然而,这些服务并没有捕捉到广泛的消费者人口统计、生活方式或个性信息。为了解决这一差异,收集消费者的完整人口统计、个性和生活方式等外部信息有助于提高SVOD消费者行为知识。本研究考察了消费者的人口统计、生活方式和个性如何预测SVOD类型消费和SVOD平台消费。执行并传播了一项调查,以收集这些维度上的消费者信息。建立了多元线性回归和结构方程模型来解释方差。消费者的人口统计、生活方式和个性信息可以预测SVOD类型消费和SVOD平台消费。原创性/价值媒介选择和特质理论尚未被用于理解消费者媒介消费背后无法解释的差异,而通常被用于预测消费者之间的媒介消费差异。这些发现表明,虽然收集和分析数字消费者接触点是必要的,但营销人员不应忽视容易获得的消费者数据,其中大部分数据决定了消费选择。
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引用次数: 1
Research on the impact of online picture contents of agricultural products on consumers' willingness to click 农产品网络图片内容对消费者点击意愿的影响研究
Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-06-2021-0021
Wenhui Tian, Yanjun Li, Linzhu Li
PurposeThe paper aims to clarify the influence of different picture contents on consumer's willingness to click pictures when shopping for agricultural products online and examine the intermediary mechanism and boundary conditions of the impact.Design/methodology/approachThe paper opted for an empirical study based on the cue utilization theory and information processing theory, including 3 experiments to test the existence, intermediary mechanism and boundary conditions of the impact of online picture contents of agricultural products on consumers' clicking intention.FindingsThe paper provides empirical insights about the influence of picture contents on consumer's willingness to click when shopping for agricultural products online. The picture of product's production environment or grower on the search result page can effectively improve consumer's willingness to click the product under dual-systemic information processing modes. Compared with product pictures, pictures displaying products and production environment can stimulate more cognitive system processing, and pictures displaying products and its growers can stimulate more emotional system processing, both resulting in higher click intention. However, the above effects only exist in the context of non-branded agricultural products.Originality/valueThe research results can not only provide practical guidance for merchants, but also fill the gap in the research on the impact of picture contents on consumers in the field of agricultural products in online marketing.
目的研究不同图片内容对消费者网购农产品时点击图片意愿的影响,并考察影响的中介机制和边界条件。设计/方法/途径本文选择基于线索利用理论和信息加工理论的实证研究,包括3个实验来检验在线农产品图片内容对消费者点击意愿影响的存在性、中介机制和边界条件。研究结果通过实证分析,探讨了图片内容对消费者网购农产品点击意愿的影响。在双系统信息处理模式下,在搜索结果页面上显示产品的生产环境或种植者的图片,可以有效提高消费者对该产品的点击意愿。与产品图片相比,展示产品和生产环境的图片能激发更多的认知系统处理,展示产品及其种植者的图片能激发更多的情感系统处理,两者都能产生更高的点击意愿。然而,上述影响仅存在于非品牌农产品的背景下。研究成果不仅可以为商家提供实践指导,也填补了农产品网络营销中图片内容对消费者影响研究的空白。
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引用次数: 2
Does a transparent umbrella make you longing for a humorous movie? The influence of transparency on decision-making 一把透明的雨伞会让你渴望看一场幽默的电影吗?透明度对决策的影响
Pub Date : 2021-09-08 DOI: 10.1108/jcmars-06-2021-0024
Jiangang Du, Danhui Li, Yuxuan Zhao, Mengya Yang
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of transparency on consumers' judgment and decision-making.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses an experimental research design in which participants' negative emotions dynamically change driven by group emotional interactions when they are experiencing a group complaint.FindingsThe experimental results show that compared with opaque products, transparent products make consumers rely more on emotions to make judgments and decisions (Experiment 1). It is precise because transparency increases the influence of emotion on consumers' judgment and decision-making that positive emotion makes consumers' evaluation and willingness to pay higher, while negative emotion makes consumers' evaluation and willingness to pay lower (Experiments 2 and 3). Transparency will also affect consumers' subsequent judgment and decision-making methods, so they are more inclined to choose the option with the dominant emotional dimension (Experiment 4).Originality/valuePrevious studies mainly focus on the impact of transparent packaging on consumers and discuss the impact of transparent packaging on consumer product evaluation and consumption quantity. This study proves that product-related transparent elements can also affect consumers' decision-making methods, making them more dependent on emotions to make decisions, enriching the research on the influencing factors of consumer decision-making methods.
本文的目的是研究透明度对消费者的判断和决策的影响。设计/方法/方法本研究采用实验研究设计,当被试经历群体抱怨时,被试的消极情绪在群体情绪互动的驱动下发生动态变化。实验结果表明,与不透明的产品相比,透明的产品使消费者更依赖情绪来做出判断和决策(实验1)。正是因为透明度增加了情绪对消费者判断和决策的影响,所以积极情绪使消费者的评价和支付意愿更高。而负面情绪会降低消费者的评价和支付意愿(实验2和3)。透明度也会影响消费者的后续判断和决策方式,因此他们更倾向于选择情感维度占主导地位的选项(实验4)。原创性/价值以往的研究主要关注透明包装对消费者的影响,讨论透明包装对消费者产品评价和消费数量的影响。本研究证明了与产品相关的透明元素也会影响消费者的决策方式,使消费者更依赖于情绪来进行决策,丰富了对消费者决策方式影响因素的研究。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Contemporary Marketing Science
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