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Evolution of Africa’s Intellectual Property Treaty Ratification Landscape 非洲知识产权条约批准情况的演变
Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26173
J. de Beer, J. Baarbé, Caroline B. Ncube
Open African Innovation Research (Open AIR) network, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) of Canada, International Development Research Centre (IDRC), UK Department for International Development (DFID), National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa
开放非洲创新研究(Open AIR)网络、加拿大社会科学与人文研究理事会(SSHRC)、国际发展研究中心(IDRC)、英国国际发展部(DFID)、南非国家研究基金会(NRF)
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引用次数: 1
Patterns of Innovation and Knowledge in Two Ethiopian Informal- Sector Clusters: A Study of the Shiro Meda Handloom-Weavers and Merkato Shoemakers 埃塞俄比亚两个非正式产业集群的创新和知识模式:对Shiro Meda手工织布工和Merkato鞋匠的研究
Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26170
Wondwossen Belete
This article provides findings from a study of innovation and knowledge management practices in two informal-sector micro and small enterprise (MSE) clusters in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa: a handloom-weaving cluster and a shoemaking cluster. The activities in these two clusters were studied in order to explore the patterns of innovation in the MSEs, and to identify factors that influence collaboration and the spread of knowledge among the enterprises. The research also explored the enterprises’ knowledge appropriation behaviours and perspectives in relation to their informal-sector innovations, i.e., their orientations towards both informal knowledge appropriation mechanisms and formal tools of intellectual property (IP) protection.
本文提供了对埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴两个非正规部门微型和小型企业集群(手摇织机集群和制鞋集群)的创新和知识管理实践研究的结果。研究这两个集群的活动,是为了探索中小微企业的创新模式,并找出影响企业间协作和知识传播的因素。研究还探讨了企业在非正式部门创新中的知识占有行为和观点,即企业对非正式知识占有机制和知识产权保护的正式工具的倾向。
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引用次数: 3
Adoption of Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs) for Value-Added Tax (VAT) Collection in Kenya and Tanzania: A Systematic Review 肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚采用电子财政设备征收增值税:系统回顾
Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26169
Emmanuel Eilu
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引用次数: 18
Nigerian Copyright Reform and Implications for Access to Teaching and Learning Materials (TLMs) in the Digital Age 尼日利亚版权改革及其对数字时代教学材料获取的影响
Pub Date : 2018-12-07 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26172
Helen Chuma-Okoro
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引用次数: 1
Challenges, Benefits, and Adoption Dynamics of Mobile Banking at the Base of the Pyramid (BOP) in Africa: A Systematic Review 非洲金字塔底层(BOP)移动银行的挑战、收益和采用动态:系统回顾
Pub Date : 2018-11-23 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26113
Richard Pankomera, Darelle van Greunen
Increased mobile penetration in Africa offers great potential to accelerate financial inclusion through increased adoption of mobile banking by people at the base of the pyramid (BOP) on the continent. This article provides results from a systematic review of existing research findings on the challenges, benefits and adoption dynamics of mobile banking at the BOP in Africa. The systematic review, which followed PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) guidelines, identifies the following key challenges for mobile banking diffusion at the BOP on the continent: poor mobile connectivity; lack of awareness of mobile banking services; illiteracy; poverty; lack of trust due to perceived security risks; legal and regulatory frameworks; and cultural factors. Based on analysis of these challenges, and of the benefits and adoption dynamics also identified, the article provides recommendations on how mobile banking services can be more sustainably implemented for the benefit of people at the BOP in Africa.
非洲移动银行渗透率的提高,为非洲大陆金字塔底部的人们更多地采用移动银行提供了加速金融包容性的巨大潜力。本文提供了对非洲BOP移动银行的挑战、好处和采用动态的现有研究结果的系统回顾结果。该系统审查遵循了PRISMA(系统审查和荟萃分析的首选报告项目)指南,确定了移动银行在非洲大陆BOP推广的以下关键挑战:移动连接不良;对移动银行服务缺乏认识;文盲贫穷由于感知到安全风险而缺乏信任;法律和监管框架;以及文化因素。基于对这些挑战的分析,以及所确定的好处和采用动态,本文就如何更可持续地实施移动银行服务,以造福非洲BOP的人们提出了建议。
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引用次数: 9
The Uncertain Path to Enterprise Architecture (EA) Maturity in the South African Financial Services Sector 南非金融服务部门通往企业架构(EA)成熟度的不确定路径
Pub Date : 2018-11-23 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26110
Avsharn Bachoo
The research described in this article used the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm as an underlying theoretical framework to explore the relationship between enterprise architecture (EA) maturity and associated business value in the South African financial services environment. EA maturity was examined as an intangible resource and as a source of heterogeneity. The study identified the capabilities of business units at different levels of EA maturity, and found that EA is implemented at a coarse-grain level at lower organisational levels, and at finer-grain levels as one moves up the maturity curve. The study also found that EA is a source of both tangible and intangible forms of business value.
本文中描述的研究使用公司的资源基础观点(RBV)作为基础理论框架,探索南非金融服务环境中企业架构(EA)成熟度与相关业务价值之间的关系。EA成熟度被视为一种无形资源和异质性的来源。该研究确定了处于不同EA成熟度级别的业务单元的能力,并发现在较低的组织级别上,EA是在粗粒度级别上实现的,而随着成熟度曲线的上升,EA是在细粒度级别上实现的。该研究还发现,EA是有形和无形商业价值的来源。
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引用次数: 0
Research Data Collection in Challenging Environments: Barriers to Studying the Performance of Zimbabwe’s Parliamentary Constituency Information Centres (PCICs) 挑战性环境下的研究数据收集:研究津巴布韦议会选区信息中心(PCICs)绩效的障碍
Pub Date : 2018-11-23 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26111
Isaiah Munyoro
This article describes and analyses data collection challenges encountered in the course of research into the performance of Zimbabwe’s Parliamentary Constituency Information Centres (PCICs). During collection of data on the work of PCICs in various constituencies across the country, many of them rural, the following challenges were encountered: low response rates; unreliable road access; unsuitable physical locations of PCICs, including politicised locations; political and legal restrictions; time management and financial challenges; and religious and cultural barriers. The article concludes that researchers planning data collection in developing-world environments must be cognizant of the particular challenges these environments may pose, while at the same time contending with challenges that all researchers, in both developed and developing worlds, face, such as the need ensure strong connections with people based in the local environments in which data collection is to take place.
本文描述并分析了在津巴布韦议会选区信息中心(PCICs)绩效研究过程中遇到的数据收集挑战。在收集全国各选区(其中许多是农村选区)的PCICs工作数据期间,遇到了以下挑战:回复率低;道路通道不可靠;在不适宜的实际地点,包括政治化地点;政治和法律限制;时间管理和财务挑战;还有宗教和文化障碍。这篇文章的结论是,计划在发展中国家环境中收集数据的科学家必须认识到这些环境可能带来的特殊挑战,同时应对发达国家和发展中国家的所有科学家都面临的挑战,例如需要确保与将要进行数据收集的当地环境中的人们建立牢固的联系。
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引用次数: 5
Perceptions of Scratch Programming among Secondary School Students in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔中学生对Scratch编程的认知
Pub Date : 2018-11-23 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26112
M. Marimuthu, P. Govender
Scratch programming was designed with the aim of helping students to develop their logical thinking skills as well as enhancing their problem-solving capabilities, without having the technical distractions associated with more advanced programming languages such as Java. This study, guided by the technology acceptance model (TAM), focused on exploring the associations between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude towards use, and behavioural intention to use the Scratch programming language, with the aim of identifying how Scratch programming was perceived by a group of South African students in Grades 10 and 11 at two high schools. Results indicated, among other things, that Grade 10 students perceived Scratch to be easy to use and useful, and Grade 11 students found it to be easy to use but useful only in learning introductory programming concepts. These and other findings suggest that while Scratch helps students understand logic and problem-solving, it does not assist sufficiently in preparing them for using a higher-level programming language such as Java. The article concludes with recommendations for South African education policymakers, including proposals that a bridging programming language be introduced between Scratch and Java, and that Scratch be introduced much earlier
Scratch编程的设计目的是帮助学生发展逻辑思维技能,提高解决问题的能力,而不会受到Java等更高级编程语言的技术干扰。这项研究以技术接受模型(TAM)为指导,重点探讨了感知有用性、感知易用性、使用态度和使用Scratch编程语言的行为意图之间的联系,目的是确定两所高中10年级和11年级的南非学生对Scratch程序设计的看法。结果表明,除其他外,10年级的学生认为Scratch易于使用和有用,11年级的学生发现它易于使用,但仅在学习入门编程概念时有用。这些和其他发现表明,虽然Scratch有助于学生理解逻辑和解决问题,但它并不能充分帮助他们为使用Java等高级编程语言做好准备。文章最后向南非教育政策制定者提出了建议,包括在Scratch和Java之间引入桥接编程语言,以及更早引入Scratch
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引用次数: 5
Treatment of Kenya’s Internet Intermediaries under the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act, 2018 根据2018年《计算机滥用和网络犯罪法》处理肯尼亚互联网中介机构
Pub Date : 2018-11-23 DOI: 10.23962/10539/26114
J. Walubengo, Mercy Mutemi
Kenya has this year enacted the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act, 2018. This article reviews the Act from the perspective of internet intermediaries, with a view to establishing the impact the Act is expected to have on intermediaries’ operations. The article outlines key concerns regarding the Act’s provisions in respect of obligations and liabilities of intermediaries, particularly with regard to obligations to support state agencies. Recommendations are made for how the Act could be amended to cater more optimally to both state and intermediary concerns.
肯尼亚今年颁布了《2018年计算机滥用和网络犯罪法》。本文从互联网中介机构的角度审查了该法案,以确定该法案预计将对中介机构的运营产生的影响。该条概述了该法关于中介机构义务和责任的规定,特别是关于支持国家机构的义务的主要关切。就如何修改该法案以更优化地满足国家和中介机构的关切提出了建议。
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引用次数: 2
Attributes Contributing to Students’ Use of Quality Software Development Practices 有助于学生使用高质量软件开发实践的属性
Pub Date : 2015-12-15 DOI: 10.23962/10539/20329
G. Nel, Liezel Nel, Johannes Christoffel Cronje
In 2001 the “McCracken group”, through a multi-institutional study, concluded that many students finishing their introductory programming courses could not program due to a lack of problem solving skills. In 2004 Lister established that students have a fragile grasp of skills to read and interpret code. Humphrey suggests that educators must shift their focus from the programs that the students create to the data of the processes the students use. This paper addresses the problem of poor performing students through an investigation of their quality appraisal techniques (QATs) and development processes. Firstly, a survey was conducted to determine the current software development practices used by a group of undergraduate Computer Science students. Numeric data collected revealed that the current practices used by the majority of students would not be sufficient to produce quality programs. Secondly, a case study was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the various factors that are likely to influence students’ intention to use QATs. Analysis of numeric data collected through a survey revealed that students’ intentions to use QATs are driven by ease of use, compatibility, usefulness, result demonstrability, subjective norm and career consequences. Thirdly, an experiment was conducted to determine students’ perceptions on the use of process measurement data to improve their current software development practices. Analysis of numeric and narrative data revealed that performance measurement data could provide students with useful information to adopt proper development practices.
2001年,“麦克拉肯小组”通过一项多机构研究得出结论,许多完成编程入门课程的学生由于缺乏解决问题的技能而无法编程。2004年,李斯特指出,学生对阅读和解释代码的技能掌握得很薄弱。汉弗莱建议,教育工作者必须将注意力从学生创建的程序转移到学生使用过程的数据上。本文通过对学生质量评估技术(qat)和发展过程的调查来解决表现不佳学生的问题。首先,进行了一项调查,以确定一组计算机科学本科生使用的当前软件开发实践。收集的数字数据显示,大多数学生目前使用的做法不足以产生高质量的课程。其次,通过案例研究,更深入地了解可能影响学生使用qat意愿的各种因素。通过一项调查收集的数字数据分析显示,学生使用qat的意图是由易用性、兼容性、实用性、结果可论证性、主观规范和职业后果驱动的。第三,进行了一项实验,以确定学生对使用过程测量数据来改进其当前软件开发实践的看法。对数字和叙述数据的分析表明,绩效测量数据可以为学生提供有用的信息,以采取适当的发展实践。
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引用次数: 2
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The African Journal of Information and Communication
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