首页 > 最新文献

Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika最新文献

英文 中文
INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF carbon DIAMOND-LIKE COATINGS APPLIED BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION 脉冲激光沉积类碳金刚石涂层的物理性能研究
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-53-64
D. Nikolaeva, D. Generalov, B. A. Parshin, M. Makeev
Аннотация. Цель исследования – определение толщин и оптических констант углеродных алмазоподобных покрытий, нанесённых методом импульсного лазерного осаждения, для выработки рекомендаций по технологическим режимам нанесения данных покрытий на медные и алюминиевые зеркала. Процедура и методы. Для определения толщин и оптических констант углеродных алмазоподобных покрытий применяется метод ИК-спектроскопической эллипсометрии. Результаты. Определены толщины и оптические константы углеродных алмазоподобных покрытий, нанесённых на образцы медных и алюминиевых зеркал методом импульсного лазерного осаждения. Теоретическая и практическая значимость. Определены оптимальные с точки зрения оптических характеристик технологические режимы нанесения алмазоподобных покрытий методом импульсного лазерного осаждения на медные и алюминиевые подложки. Ключевые слова: углеродное алмазоподобное покрытие, эллипсометрия, упрочнение, оптические элементы, факторы космического пространства, технологические режимы, импульсное лазерное осаждение
注释。该研究的目的是确定脉冲激光沉积过程中碳钻石表面的厚度和光学常数,以确定将涂层数据应用于铜和铝镜面的技术制度。程序和方法。碳钻石表面的厚度和光学常数被应用于红外光谱学椭圆法。结果。碳钻石涂层的厚度和光学常数是通过脉冲激光沉积法绘制的铜和铝镜片样本。理论和实践意义。通过脉冲激光沉积在铜和铝底座上的脉冲激光涂层,确定了最优的光学特征。关键字:碳钻石涂层、椭圆、硬度、光学元件、外层空间因素、工艺模式、脉冲激光沉积
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF carbon DIAMOND-LIKE COATINGS APPLIED BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION","authors":"D. Nikolaeva, D. Generalov, B. A. Parshin, M. Makeev","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-53-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-53-64","url":null,"abstract":"Аннотация. Цель исследования – определение толщин и оптических констант углеродных алмазоподобных покрытий, нанесённых методом импульсного лазерного осаждения, для выработки рекомендаций по технологическим режимам нанесения данных покрытий на медные и алюминиевые зеркала. Процедура и методы. Для определения толщин и оптических констант углеродных алмазоподобных покрытий применяется метод ИК-спектроскопической эллипсометрии. Результаты. Определены толщины и оптические константы углеродных алмазоподобных покрытий, нанесённых на образцы медных и алюминиевых зеркал методом импульсного лазерного осаждения. Теоретическая и практическая значимость. Определены оптимальные с точки зрения оптических характеристик технологические режимы нанесения алмазоподобных покрытий методом импульсного лазерного осаждения на медные и алюминиевые подложки. Ключевые слова: углеродное алмазоподобное покрытие, эллипсометрия, упрочнение, оптические элементы, факторы космического пространства, технологические режимы, импульсное лазерное осаждение","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67950069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SURFACE STRUCTURES OF TITANIUM ALLOY VT9 AFTER REPEATED LOCAL PROCESSING WITH NANOSECOND LASER PULSES 纳秒激光脉冲重复局部加工后钛合金vt9表面结构的力学性能
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2020-2-19-35
Y. Simonov, I. Ushakov
. Purpose. The regularities of a simultaneous increase in microhardness and plastic properties of the surface of titanium alloy VT9 are investigated. The hardness and Young’s modulus of thin surface layers are determined. Methodology and Approach. The methods employed are based on the use of nanosecond laser pulses initiating a complex of physical and chemical processes. The method of continuous indentation with a maximum load of 0,05 N is used. The mechanical properties of surface structures of titanium alloy VT9 after laser treatment are analyzed. Using the load-penetration diagrams, the following values were calculated: the contact depth of penetration, the stiffness of the contact ‘indenter–material’ pair, the projection area of the unreconstructed print, and the effective Young’s modulus. On the basis of the Oliver–Pharr method, the nano- and microhardness, as well as the modulus of longitudinal elasticity of the surface layers of a titanium alloy are estimated Results . It is found that as a result of processing, the microhardness of the surface increases by 2,5–4,5 times, and the Young’s modulus by 1,1–1,5 times. A distinctive feature of the proposed treatment method is good adhesion of the surface layer with the bulk material, which reduces the probability of high mechanical stresses and cracking. Theoretical and Practical implications . The proposed method of laser processing makes it possible to form hardened surface layers in a normal atmosphere, which contributes to a significant simplification of the technological process and reduces its cost.
. 目的。研究了VT9钛合金表面显微硬度和塑性性能同时提高的规律。测定了薄表面层的硬度和杨氏模量。方法论和方法。所采用的方法是基于使用纳秒激光脉冲启动一个复杂的物理和化学过程。采用连续压痕法,最大载荷为0.05 N。分析了激光处理后钛合金VT9表面组织的力学性能。利用载荷-渗透图,计算了以下值:渗透接触深度、接触压头-材料对的刚度、未重构打印的投影面积和有效杨氏模量。基于oliver - farr法,估算了钛合金表层的纳米、显微硬度和纵向弹性模量。结果表明,加工后的表面显微硬度提高了2,5 - 4,5倍,杨氏模量提高了1,1 - 1,5倍。所提出的处理方法的一个显著特征是表面层与大块材料的良好粘附性,从而降低了高机械应力和开裂的可能性。理论和实践意义。提出的激光加工方法使在正常大气中形成硬化表面层成为可能,这有助于显著简化工艺过程并降低其成本。
{"title":"MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SURFACE STRUCTURES OF TITANIUM ALLOY VT9 AFTER REPEATED LOCAL PROCESSING WITH NANOSECOND LASER PULSES","authors":"Y. Simonov, I. Ushakov","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2020-2-19-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2020-2-19-35","url":null,"abstract":". Purpose. The regularities of a simultaneous increase in microhardness and plastic properties of the surface of titanium alloy VT9 are investigated. The hardness and Young’s modulus of thin surface layers are determined. Methodology and Approach. The methods employed are based on the use of nanosecond laser pulses initiating a complex of physical and chemical processes. The method of continuous indentation with a maximum load of 0,05 N is used. The mechanical properties of surface structures of titanium alloy VT9 after laser treatment are analyzed. Using the load-penetration diagrams, the following values were calculated: the contact depth of penetration, the stiffness of the contact ‘indenter–material’ pair, the projection area of the unreconstructed print, and the effective Young’s modulus. On the basis of the Oliver–Pharr method, the nano- and microhardness, as well as the modulus of longitudinal elasticity of the surface layers of a titanium alloy are estimated Results . It is found that as a result of processing, the microhardness of the surface increases by 2,5–4,5 times, and the Young’s modulus by 1,1–1,5 times. A distinctive feature of the proposed treatment method is good adhesion of the surface layer with the bulk material, which reduces the probability of high mechanical stresses and cracking. Theoretical and Practical implications . The proposed method of laser processing makes it possible to form hardened surface layers in a normal atmosphere, which contributes to a significant simplification of the technological process and reduces its cost.","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67950154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
GAMMA CORRECTION OF FULL COLOR OLED MICRODISPLAYS 全彩色oled微显示器的伽玛校正
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-13-22
Alexandr V. Nuriev, S. A. Stakharny, N. N. Usov
. Aim is to study the features of gamma correction of full-color active-matrix OLED microdisplays in a wide dynamic range of brightness. Methodology . The study was carried out by calculation and experimental methods by modeling color coordinates of OLED electroluminescence at different luminance and accounts RGB color filters transmission spectra. The modeling based on experimental data obtained by measuring the electrical, photometric and spectral characteristics of OLED samples and the transmission spectra of RGB color filters. Results . Introduced base construction of full color active-matrix OLED microdisplays and method of forming color image by filter matrix. Electrical, photometrical and spectral characteristics of initial white OLED structures was represented as well as modeling of RGB color separation and factors affecting color balance of full color image. The features of full color OLED microdisplay gamma correction for different luminance level and temperatures are considered. Research implications. Researches have practical relevance for OLED microdisplays design and calibration in production stage.
. 目的是研究全彩色有源矩阵OLED微显示器在大动态亮度范围内的伽玛校正特性。方法。通过模拟不同亮度下OLED电致发光的颜色坐标,计算RGB滤色器透射光谱,通过计算和实验方法进行了研究。通过测量OLED样品的电学、光度和光谱特性以及RGB滤光片的透射光谱得到实验数据,并以此为基础进行建模。结果。介绍了全彩色有源矩阵OLED微显示器的基片构造和滤波矩阵形成彩色图像的方法。描述了初始白色OLED结构的电学、光度和光谱特性,建立了RGB分色模型和全彩色图像色彩平衡的影响因素。考虑了全彩色OLED微显示在不同亮度和温度下的伽马校正特性。研究的意义。研究对OLED微显示器的设计和生产阶段的标定具有实际意义。
{"title":"GAMMA CORRECTION OF FULL COLOR OLED MICRODISPLAYS","authors":"Alexandr V. Nuriev, S. A. Stakharny, N. N. Usov","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-13-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-13-22","url":null,"abstract":". Aim is to study the features of gamma correction of full-color active-matrix OLED microdisplays in a wide dynamic range of brightness. Methodology . The study was carried out by calculation and experimental methods by modeling color coordinates of OLED electroluminescence at different luminance and accounts RGB color filters transmission spectra. The modeling based on experimental data obtained by measuring the electrical, photometric and spectral characteristics of OLED samples and the transmission spectra of RGB color filters. Results . Introduced base construction of full color active-matrix OLED microdisplays and method of forming color image by filter matrix. Electrical, photometrical and spectral characteristics of initial white OLED structures was represented as well as modeling of RGB color separation and factors affecting color balance of full color image. The features of full color OLED microdisplay gamma correction for different luminance level and temperatures are considered. Research implications. Researches have practical relevance for OLED microdisplays design and calibration in production stage.","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67950399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CONDUCTIVITY OF A THIN METAL LAYER TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE DEPENDENCE OF THE SPECULARITY COEFFICIENT ON THE ANGLE OF THE ELECTRON’S INCIDENCE ON THE SURFACE 考虑到镜面系数与电子在表面上的入射角的关系的薄金属层的电导率
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-49-65
F. Karimov, A. Yushkanov
The aim of this work is to analyze the dependence of the electrical conductivity of a thin metal film on the nature of the dependence of the specularity coefficient on the angle of incidence of electrons on the metal surface. The dependence of the specularity coefficient on the angle of incidence is considered, satisfying the Andreev condition. Methodology . A model boundary condition is considered, taking into account the dependence of the specularity coefficient on the angle of incidence of electrons on the metal surface. Results. The considered model of the boundary conditions in the limiting cases transforms into the Fuchs boundary condition and into the Soffer boundary condition. In addition, the considered boundary condition, in contrast to the Fuchs and Soffer boundary conditions, satisfies the Andreev criterion for an almost tangential incidence of electrons on the metal surface. Research implications. The results obtained can find application in the study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with a thin metal film, wires, in small metal particles and in describing the skin effect in a metal.
本工作的目的是分析金属薄膜的电导率对金属表面电子入射角的反射系数的依赖性质的依赖性。考虑了镜面系数与入射角的关系,满足Andreev条件。方法。考虑了金属表面电子入射角与镜面反射系数的关系,建立了模型边界条件。结果。在极限情况下所考虑的边界条件模型转化为Fuchs边界条件和Soffer边界条件。此外,与Fuchs和Soffer边界条件相比,所考虑的边界条件满足电子在金属表面几乎切向入射的Andreev判据。研究的意义。所得结果可用于研究电磁辐射与金属薄膜、金属线、小金属颗粒的相互作用以及描述金属的趋肤效应。
{"title":"CONDUCTIVITY OF A THIN METAL LAYER TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE DEPENDENCE OF THE SPECULARITY COEFFICIENT ON THE ANGLE OF THE ELECTRON’S INCIDENCE ON THE SURFACE","authors":"F. Karimov, A. Yushkanov","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-49-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-49-65","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to analyze the dependence of the electrical conductivity of a thin metal film on the nature of the dependence of the specularity coefficient on the angle of incidence of electrons on the metal surface. The dependence of the specularity coefficient on the angle of incidence is considered, satisfying the Andreev condition. Methodology . A model boundary condition is considered, taking into account the dependence of the specularity coefficient on the angle of incidence of electrons on the metal surface. Results. The considered model of the boundary conditions in the limiting cases transforms into the Fuchs boundary condition and into the Soffer boundary condition. In addition, the considered boundary condition, in contrast to the Fuchs and Soffer boundary conditions, satisfies the Andreev criterion for an almost tangential incidence of electrons on the metal surface. Research implications. The results obtained can find application in the study of the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with a thin metal film, wires, in small metal particles and in describing the skin effect in a metal.","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79360096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
FAST LC MODULATOR BASED ON THE WAVEGUIDE EFFECT IN A SUPER-SWING NEMATIC STRUCTURE 基于超摆向列结构波导效应的快速lc调制器
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-38-52
G. Simonenko
Aim. The aim of this article is to search for the design of an LC light modulator based on a nematic with minimal response time. © CC BY Симоненко Г. В., 2020. ISSN 2072-8387 Вестник Московского государственного областного университета. Серия: Физика-Математика 2020 / No 3 39 Methodology. The research method is computer simulation of the integral characteristics of various designs of the LC modulator. The research procedure included a comparison of the integral characteristics of various modulator designs. Results. As a result of the studies, a linear regression was found depending on the total response time of the LC modulator on the twist angle of the nematic structure. It has also been shown that an LC modulator made on the basis of an LC structure with a swivel angle of 270° under antisymmetric boundary conditions with small pre-tilt angles on orienting substrates, operating in the waveguide mode and using a phase film compensator, has optimal integral
的目标。本文的目的是寻找一种基于向列的响应时间最短的LC光调制器的设计。©cc by Симоненко Г。В。, 2020年。ISSN 2072 - 8387ВестникМосковскогогосударственногообластногоуниверситета。Серия:Физика-Математика2020 / 3号39方法论。研究方法是对各种设计的LC调制器的整体特性进行计算机仿真。研究过程包括比较各种调制器设计的整体特性。结果。研究结果表明,LC调制器的总响应时间与向列结构的扭转角之间存在线性回归关系。研究还表明,在反对称边界条件下,在定向基板上具有较小的预倾斜角,在波导模式下工作并使用相膜补偿器,在旋转角度为270°的LC结构基础上制成的LC调制器具有最优积分
{"title":"FAST LC MODULATOR BASED ON THE WAVEGUIDE EFFECT IN A SUPER-SWING NEMATIC STRUCTURE","authors":"G. Simonenko","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-38-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2020-3-38-52","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of this article is to search for the design of an LC light modulator based on a nematic with minimal response time. © CC BY Симоненко Г. В., 2020. ISSN 2072-8387 Вестник Московского государственного областного университета. Серия: Физика-Математика 2020 / No 3 39 Methodology. The research method is computer simulation of the integral characteristics of various designs of the LC modulator. The research procedure included a comparison of the integral characteristics of various modulator designs. Results. As a result of the studies, a linear regression was found depending on the total response time of the LC modulator on the twist angle of the nematic structure. It has also been shown that an LC modulator made on the basis of an LC structure with a swivel angle of 270° under antisymmetric boundary conditions with small pre-tilt angles on orienting substrates, operating in the waveguide mode and using a phase film compensator, has optimal integral","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67949965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE ISOHERMAL PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL WORK FOR AN ELASTIC SOLID 弹性固体虚功的等温原理
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-6-11
V. Sokolov
The aim of the research is the derivation of the isothermal principle of virtual work for an elastic solid. Methodology. By an elastic solid we mean a mathematical model of a continuous medium, in which the specific density of free energy is a function of only temperature and derivatives of displacement vectors. In the framework of equilibrium thermodynamics, the isothermal principle of virtual work for an elastic solid is obtained. Results. The isothermal principle of virtual work for an elastic solid is derived. The conditions for mechanical equilibrium inside and on the surface of an elastic solid are obtained. Research implications. For a given function of the specific density of free energy and the known value of the temperature, it is possible to determine the dependence of the displacement functions on the coordinates that characterize the deformed state of the considered elastic solid.
本研究的目的是推导弹性固体的虚功等温原理。方法。我们所说的弹性固体是指连续介质的数学模型,其中自由能的比密度仅是温度和位移矢量导数的函数。在平衡热力学的框架下,得到了弹性固体虚功的等温原理。结果。导出了弹性固体虚功的等温原理。得到了弹性固体内部和表面的力学平衡条件。研究的意义。对于给定的自由能比密度函数和已知的温度值,可以确定位移函数对表征所考虑的弹性固体变形状态的坐标的依赖。
{"title":"THE ISOHERMAL PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL WORK FOR AN ELASTIC SOLID","authors":"V. Sokolov","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-6-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-6-11","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is the derivation of the isothermal principle of virtual work for an elastic solid. Methodology. By an elastic solid we mean a mathematical model of a continuous medium, in which the specific density of free energy is a function of only temperature and derivatives of displacement vectors. In the framework of equilibrium thermodynamics, the isothermal principle of virtual work for an elastic solid is obtained. Results. The isothermal principle of virtual work for an elastic solid is derived. The conditions for mechanical equilibrium inside and on the surface of an elastic solid are obtained. Research implications. For a given function of the specific density of free energy and the known value of the temperature, it is possible to determine the dependence of the displacement functions on the coordinates that characterize the deformed state of the considered elastic solid.","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80758944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PRIMORDIAL BLACK HOLES, DIFFUSE GAMMA RADIATION OF THE UNIVERSE AND POSSIBLE NATURE OF DARK MATTER 原始黑洞,宇宙的漫射伽马辐射和暗物质的可能性质
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-66-72
Victor M. Charugin
The theory of evolution of the early universe predicts the formation of black holes of different mass. Depending on the physical processes, black holes can be formed with masses up to 10 27 g. Because of the Hawking effect of quantum evaporation of black holes, black holes with masses over 10 15 g have survived to our time. The aim of this work is to calculate the intensity of gamma radiation from the primordial black holes, to explain the diffuse gamma spectrum of the Universe’s radiation from them in the range of 10–100 MeV, and to estimate their contribution to dark matter of the Universe. Methodology. The intensity of radiation from an ensemble of black holes is calculated by using an approximation in the form of the δ -function for the radiation of the absolutely black body. Results . It is shown that if the function of the masses of primordial black holes is N(M) = K · M – γ , the intensity of Hawking’s radiation is I( ν ) ~ ν γ . Since the background radiation of the Universe in the range of quantum energies 10–100 MeV has the form of I( ν ) ~ ν –1,3 MeV/cm 2 MeV ⋅ ster, then N(M) = K ⋅ M 1,3 . In this range there emit primary black holes with masses of 10 15 g and sizes of an electron. Research implications. It is shown that the extrapolation of the resulting distribution of masses to the values of 5·10 21 g allows one to explain the observed mass of dark matter in the Universe. At the same time, the concentration of these black holes with masses comparable to the masses of asteroids is such that there may be hundreds of them in the solar system.
早期宇宙的进化论预言了不同质量黑洞的形成。根据物理过程的不同,黑洞的质量可以达到1027g。由于黑洞量子蒸发的霍金效应,质量超过10 - 15g的黑洞一直存在到我们这个时代。本工作的目的是计算原始黑洞的伽马辐射强度,解释它们在10-100 MeV范围内的宇宙辐射的漫射伽马谱,并估计它们对宇宙暗物质的贡献。方法。黑洞系综的辐射强度是用绝对黑体辐射的δ函数形式的近似来计算的。结果。结果表明,如果原初黑洞的质量函数为N(M) = K·M - γ,则霍金辐射强度为I(ν) ~ ν γ。由于宇宙在量子能10-100 MeV范围内的背景辐射具有I(ν) ~ ν - 1,3 MeV/ cm2 MeV·ster的形式,则N(M) = K·M 1,3。在这个范围内,会产生质量为10 - 15g、电子大小的初级黑洞。研究的意义。结果表明,将所得的质量分布外推到5·10·21 g的值,可以解释宇宙中观测到的暗物质质量。与此同时,这些质量与小行星相当的黑洞的浓度如此之高,以至于太阳系中可能有数百个黑洞。
{"title":"PRIMORDIAL BLACK HOLES, DIFFUSE GAMMA RADIATION OF THE UNIVERSE AND POSSIBLE NATURE OF DARK MATTER","authors":"Victor M. Charugin","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-66-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2020-4-66-72","url":null,"abstract":"The theory of evolution of the early universe predicts the formation of black holes of different mass. Depending on the physical processes, black holes can be formed with masses up to 10 27 g. Because of the Hawking effect of quantum evaporation of black holes, black holes with masses over 10 15 g have survived to our time. The aim of this work is to calculate the intensity of gamma radiation from the primordial black holes, to explain the diffuse gamma spectrum of the Universe’s radiation from them in the range of 10–100 MeV, and to estimate their contribution to dark matter of the Universe. Methodology. The intensity of radiation from an ensemble of black holes is calculated by using an approximation in the form of the δ -function for the radiation of the absolutely black body. Results . It is shown that if the function of the masses of primordial black holes is N(M) = K · M – γ , the intensity of Hawking’s radiation is I( ν ) ~ ν γ . Since the background radiation of the Universe in the range of quantum energies 10–100 MeV has the form of I( ν ) ~ ν –1,3 MeV/cm 2 MeV ⋅ ster, then N(M) = K ⋅ M 1,3 . In this range there emit primary black holes with masses of 10 15 g and sizes of an electron. Research implications. It is shown that the extrapolation of the resulting distribution of masses to the values of 5·10 21 g allows one to explain the observed mass of dark matter in the Universe. At the same time, the concentration of these black holes with masses comparable to the masses of asteroids is such that there may be hundreds of them in the solar system.","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81799711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Demography, Pattern of Care, and Survival in Patients with Xanthoastrocytoma: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Analysis of 325 Cases. 黄细胞瘤患者的人口统计学、护理模式和存活率:对 325 例患者的系统回顾和个体数据分析。
IF 0.8 Pub Date : 2019-07-01 Epub Date: 2019-10-07 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697873
Supriya Mallick, Prashanth Giridhar, Rony Benson, Wineeta Melgandi, Goura Kishor Rath

Objectives Xanthoastrocytoma (XA) is a low-grade glial tumor seen in young adults and there is lack of robust data on treatment of this rare tumor. In this systematic review and individual patient's data analysis, we aimed to look into the demography, pattern of care, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors in patients with both Grade II and III XA. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted with the Medical Subject Heading terms: "Xanthoastrocytoma; Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma; Anaplastic Xanthoastrocytoma; Xanthoastrocytoma AND treatment; and Anaplastic Xanthoastrocytoma AND survival" to find all possible publications. Results A total of 325 individual patients from a total of 138 publications pertaining to XA were retrieved. Median age of the entire cohort was 19 years. About 56.1% of the patients underwent a gross total resection (GTR) and 31.4% underwent a subtotal resection. Nearly, 76.6% of the patients had a Grade II tumor and adjuvant radiation was delivered in 27.4% of the patients. Estimated 2- and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) were 68.5 and 51.2%, respectively. Age, grade, and extent of surgery were significant factors affecting PFS. Estimated 2- and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 88.8 and 78%, respectively. The median OS for Grade II and Grade III tumors were 209 and 49 months, respectively. Age and extent of surgery were significant factors affecting OS. Conclusion XA is a disease of young adults with favorable prognosis. Younger patients (<20 years), patients who undergo a GTR, and patients with a lower grade tumor have a better treatment outcome.

目的 黄细胞瘤(XA)是一种多见于青壮年的低级别胶质瘤,目前缺乏治疗这种罕见肿瘤的可靠数据。在这篇系统性综述和单个患者数据分析中,我们旨在研究 II 级和 III 级 XA 患者的人口统计学、治疗模式、生存结果和预后因素。方法 以医学主题词进行综合检索:"Xanthoastrocytoma;Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma;Anaplastic Xanthoastrocytoma;Xanthoastrocytoma AND Treatment;and Anaplastic Xanthoastrocytoma AND survival "来查找所有可能的文献。结果 共检索到 138 篇与黄细胞瘤相关的文献中的 325 名患者。整个群体的中位年龄为 19 岁。约56.1%的患者接受了全切除术(GTR),31.4%的患者接受了次全切除术。近76.6%的患者为II级肿瘤,27.4%的患者接受了辅助放射治疗。估计的2年和5年无进展生存期(PFS)分别为68.5%和51.2%。年龄、等级和手术范围是影响无进展生存期的重要因素。估计的2年和5年总生存率(OS)分别为88.8%和78%。II级和III级肿瘤的中位生存期分别为209个月和49个月。年龄和手术范围是影响 OS 的重要因素。结论 XA 是一种预后良好的青壮年疾病。年轻患者
{"title":"Demography, Pattern of Care, and Survival in Patients with Xanthoastrocytoma: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Analysis of 325 Cases.","authors":"Supriya Mallick, Prashanth Giridhar, Rony Benson, Wineeta Melgandi, Goura Kishor Rath","doi":"10.1055/s-0039-1697873","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0039-1697873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b> Xanthoastrocytoma (XA) is a low-grade glial tumor seen in young adults and there is lack of robust data on treatment of this rare tumor. In this systematic review and individual patient's data analysis, we aimed to look into the demography, pattern of care, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors in patients with both Grade II and III XA. <b>Methods</b> A comprehensive search was conducted with the Medical Subject Heading terms: \"Xanthoastrocytoma; Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma; Anaplastic Xanthoastrocytoma; Xanthoastrocytoma AND treatment; and Anaplastic Xanthoastrocytoma AND survival\" to find all possible publications. <b>Results</b> A total of 325 individual patients from a total of 138 publications pertaining to XA were retrieved. Median age of the entire cohort was 19 years. About 56.1% of the patients underwent a gross total resection (GTR) and 31.4% underwent a subtotal resection. Nearly, 76.6% of the patients had a Grade II tumor and adjuvant radiation was delivered in 27.4% of the patients. Estimated 2- and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) were 68.5 and 51.2%, respectively. Age, grade, and extent of surgery were significant factors affecting PFS. Estimated 2- and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 88.8 and 78%, respectively. The median OS for Grade II and Grade III tumors were 209 and 49 months, respectively. Age and extent of surgery were significant factors affecting OS. <b>Conclusion</b> XA is a disease of young adults with favorable prognosis. Younger patients (<20 years), patients who undergo a GTR, and patients with a lower grade tumor have a better treatment outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"1 1","pages":"430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6779544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89966936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SIMULATION OF MOTION OF AN OBJECT WITH IMMUTABLE COMPLEX CONFIGURATION IN A CONFINED SPACE 具有不可变复杂构形的物体在有限空间中的运动模拟
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2019-1-107-118
Eldar A. Akbarov, E. Kalashnikov
{"title":"SIMULATION OF MOTION OF AN OBJECT WITH IMMUTABLE COMPLEX CONFIGURATION IN A CONFINED SPACE","authors":"Eldar A. Akbarov, E. Kalashnikov","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2019-1-107-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2019-1-107-118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67945880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IMPROVING CHARACTERISTICS OF ZINC OXIDE TRANSPARENT ELECTRODES 改善氧化锌透明电极的性能
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18384/2310-7251-2019-1-74-82
A. Abduev, Abil S. Asvarov, A. K. Ahmedov, V. Belyaev, A. Y. Skvortsov, Darya S. Plentsova
. The influence of the composition of the reagent flow on the formation conditions and the structure of ZnO-based layers is studied. It is shown that a key reserve in increasing the electrical conductivity and mobility of charge carriers of Ga-doped ZnO transparent electrodes is to increase the structural perfection of the layers. Analysis of the obtained results shows that an increase in the partial pressure of metal vapors in the gas phase entails a corresponding increase in the mobility of the components and an increase in the crystalline perfection of the synthesized polycrystalline layers.
. 研究了试剂流组成对zno基层形成条件和结构的影响。结果表明,提高ga掺杂ZnO透明电极的导电性和载流子迁移率的关键储备是提高层的结构完善性。对所得结果的分析表明,随着气相中金属蒸气分压的增加,组分的迁移率相应增加,合成的多晶层的结晶度也相应提高。
{"title":"IMPROVING CHARACTERISTICS OF ZINC OXIDE TRANSPARENT ELECTRODES","authors":"A. Abduev, Abil S. Asvarov, A. K. Ahmedov, V. Belyaev, A. Y. Skvortsov, Darya S. Plentsova","doi":"10.18384/2310-7251-2019-1-74-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18384/2310-7251-2019-1-74-82","url":null,"abstract":". The influence of the composition of the reagent flow on the formation conditions and the structure of ZnO-based layers is studied. It is shown that a key reserve in increasing the electrical conductivity and mobility of charge carriers of Ga-doped ZnO transparent electrodes is to increase the structural perfection of the layers. Analysis of the obtained results shows that an increase in the partial pressure of metal vapors in the gas phase entails a corresponding increase in the mobility of the components and an increase in the crystalline perfection of the synthesized polycrystalline layers.","PeriodicalId":33476,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67947380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta Seriia Fizikamatematika
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1