J. Pranagal, S. Ligęza, H. Smal, Joanna Gmitrowicz-Iwan
{"title":"Effect of long-term use of apple orchard on selected chemical properties of soils developed from silts","authors":"J. Pranagal, S. Ligęza, H. Smal, Joanna Gmitrowicz-Iwan","doi":"10.31545/AAGR/100456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/AAGR/100456","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48473570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sobota, P. Zarzycki, E. Sykut-Domańska, A. Wirkijowska, Z. Rzedzicki, A. Pawlas
A b s t r a c t. A study was conducted on the possibility of application of “dry” extrusion-cooking technology for the processing of plant-meat mixtures. The effect of the concentration of the meat material (meat-bone pulp), leguminous material (faba bean), wheat grain meal and extrusion temperature on the process run, physicochemical properties and on the microstructure of the extrudates was investigated. It was demonstrated that extrusion-cooking with a twin-screw extruder permits the processing of blends with up to 30% meat-bone pulp content. Increase in the content of the meat material caused a decrease of specific density and water solubility index (WSI) of the extrudates. At the same time, a significant increase in the content of proteins, fat, and ash was observed. Extrusion temperature increase from 130 to 250°C caused an increase in the degree of expansion ratio and impact strength of the extrudates and a decrease in specific density of the products. At the same time, the microstructure of the products was changed from cohesive and compacted to more expanded and porous. K e y w o r d s: extrusion-cooking, faba been, meat-bone pulp, pet food, wheat
A b s t r A c t。研究了将“干”挤压烹饪技术应用于植物肉混合物加工的可能性。研究了肉料（肉骨浆）、豆科材料（蚕豆）、小麦粉的浓度和挤压温度对挤出物的工艺运行、理化性能和微观结构的影响。研究表明，用双螺杆挤压机进行挤压烹饪可以加工出肉骨浆含量高达30%的混合物。肉料含量的增加导致挤出物的比密度和水溶性指数（WSI）降低。同时，观察到蛋白质、脂肪和灰分的含量显著增加。挤出温度从130℃升高到250℃，导致挤出物的膨胀比和冲击强度增加，产品的比密度降低。同时，产品的微观结构从内聚和致密转变为更加膨胀和多孔。K e y w o r d s：挤压烹饪、蚕豆、肉骨浆、宠物食品、小麦
{"title":"A study on the twin screw extrusion-cooking of plant-meat pet food mixtures","authors":"A. Sobota, P. Zarzycki, E. Sykut-Domańska, A. Wirkijowska, Z. Rzedzicki, A. Pawlas","doi":"10.31545/AAGR/99634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/AAGR/99634","url":null,"abstract":"A b s t r a c t. A study was conducted on the possibility of application of “dry” extrusion-cooking technology for the processing of plant-meat mixtures. The effect of the concentration of the meat material (meat-bone pulp), leguminous material (faba bean), wheat grain meal and extrusion temperature on the process run, physicochemical properties and on the microstructure of the extrudates was investigated. It was demonstrated that extrusion-cooking with a twin-screw extruder permits the processing of blends with up to 30% meat-bone pulp content. Increase in the content of the meat material caused a decrease of specific density and water solubility index (WSI) of the extrudates. At the same time, a significant increase in the content of proteins, fat, and ash was observed. Extrusion temperature increase from 130 to 250°C caused an increase in the degree of expansion ratio and impact strength of the extrudates and a decrease in specific density of the products. At the same time, the microstructure of the products was changed from cohesive and compacted to more expanded and porous. K e y w o r d s: extrusion-cooking, faba been, meat-bone pulp, pet food, wheat","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44869983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Skonieczek, M. Nowakowski, J. Piszczek, Ł. Matyka, M. Żurek, B. Rychcik, M. Kaźmierczak
sive days. At the end of that period, the seedlings were counted, and the ratio of surviving seedlings to the number of seedlings before the first water deficit was calculated again. Under controlled conditions, high emergence capacity (14 days after sowing) was noted in cv. Janosik, Julietta, and Silvetta, whereas very high final emergence capacity (21 days after sowing) was observed in cv. Agent and Julietta. Sugar beet cv. Huzar, Lukas, and Expert were the least sensitive to soil moisture deficit and they can, therefore, be recommended for cultivation in areas prone to water deficit at the beginning of the growth season. Among the conventional cultivars of sugar beet, there are also cultivars with a low susceptibility to drought that increasingly more often causes problems in regions of intensive production of root crops. K e y w o r d s: Beta vulgaris, emergence capacity, seedling survival, simulated drought P. SKONIECZEK et al. 410
{"title":"Sensitivity of 24 sugar beet cultivars to water deficit during emergence","authors":"P. Skonieczek, M. Nowakowski, J. Piszczek, Ł. Matyka, M. Żurek, B. Rychcik, M. Kaźmierczak","doi":"10.31545/AAGR/99081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/AAGR/99081","url":null,"abstract":"sive days. At the end of that period, the seedlings were counted, and the ratio of surviving seedlings to the number of seedlings before the first water deficit was calculated again. Under controlled conditions, high emergence capacity (14 days after sowing) was noted in cv. Janosik, Julietta, and Silvetta, whereas very high final emergence capacity (21 days after sowing) was observed in cv. Agent and Julietta. Sugar beet cv. Huzar, Lukas, and Expert were the least sensitive to soil moisture deficit and they can, therefore, be recommended for cultivation in areas prone to water deficit at the beginning of the growth season. Among the conventional cultivars of sugar beet, there are also cultivars with a low susceptibility to drought that increasingly more often causes problems in regions of intensive production of root crops. K e y w o r d s: Beta vulgaris, emergence capacity, seedling survival, simulated drought P. SKONIECZEK et al. 410","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47981651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
5, in which mechanical tillage was used prior to seeding, and after the ultimate formation of furrows before seeding of potato plants, Avatar herbicide 293 was applied in a dose of 1.5 dm3 ha–1 (total yield amounted to, on average, 40.6 t ha–1). Potato cultivars cultivated in the experiment and meteorological conditions during the conducted tests also had a significant impact on the size of the total yield. Cultivar Owacja produced the highest yields (an average of 41.4 t ha–1). The largest total yield was collected in 2016 (an average of 42.8 t ha–1). A significant influence of the experimental factors on the structure of large tuber yields was also found. K e y w o r d s: potato, total yield, biostimulators, herbicide
5，其中在播种前使用机械耕作，在马铃薯植株播种前最终形成犁沟后，施用Avatar除草剂293，剂量为1.5 dm3 ha–1（总产量平均为40.6 t ha–1）。马铃薯栽培品种在试验和气象条件下进行的试验也对总产量的大小有显著影响。品种Owacja产量最高（平均41.4 t ha–1）。2016年的总产量最高（平均42.8 t ha–1）。试验因素对大块茎产量结构也有显著影响。K e y w o r d s：马铃薯，总产量，生物刺激剂，除草剂
{"title":"Impact of growth biostimulators and herbicide on edible potato yield","authors":"A. Baranowska","doi":"10.31545/AAGR/99211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/AAGR/99211","url":null,"abstract":"5, in which mechanical tillage was used prior to seeding, and after the ultimate formation of furrows before seeding of potato plants, Avatar herbicide 293 was applied in a dose of 1.5 dm3 ha–1 (total yield amounted to, on average, 40.6 t ha–1). Potato cultivars cultivated in the experiment and meteorological conditions during the conducted tests also had a significant impact on the size of the total yield. Cultivar Owacja produced the highest yields (an average of 41.4 t ha–1). The largest total yield was collected in 2016 (an average of 42.8 t ha–1). A significant influence of the experimental factors on the structure of large tuber yields was also found. K e y w o r d s: potato, total yield, biostimulators, herbicide","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41447977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Yield of dry matter and starch of edible potato tubers in conditions of application of growth biostimulators and herbicide","authors":"A. Baranowska","doi":"10.31545/AAGR/99073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/AAGR/99073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46824356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of selected non-linear functions to describe oriental goat’s rue (Galega orientalis Lam.) growth","authors":"K. Rymuza, A. Bombik, E. Radzka","doi":"10.31545/aagr/98992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/aagr/98992","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42365105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A b s t r a c t. A pot experiment was conducted in the years 2009-2010. Its aim was to determine the limit of toxicity of nickel to orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and methods of its reduction by liming and by the addition of straw or brown coal to soil. The addition of nickel to soil, regardless of its dose, increased its content in the test plant and in soil, especially in fraction F1. The content of nickel in biomass of orchard grass exceeded the limit values in pots where it was added to soil. Soil liming reduced the content of nickel in orchard grass and in fractions isolated from soil – soluble fraction F1, reducible fraction F2 and oxidisable fraction F3. The addition of rye straw and brown coal to the soil reduced the content of nickel in the test grass and the content in bioavailable fraction F1. Liming and the addition of rye straw and brown coal to soil reduced the phytoavailability of nickel. K e y w o r d s: nickel, liming, straw, brown coal, fractions of Ni in soil
{"title":"Possibilities of reducing the phytotoxic effect of nickel","authors":"Beata Kuziemska, D. Kalembasa, S. Kalembasa","doi":"10.31545/AAGR/96246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/AAGR/96246","url":null,"abstract":"A b s t r a c t. A pot experiment was conducted in the years 2009-2010. Its aim was to determine the limit of toxicity of nickel to orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and methods of its reduction by liming and by the addition of straw or brown coal to soil. The addition of nickel to soil, regardless of its dose, increased its content in the test plant and in soil, especially in fraction F1. The content of nickel in biomass of orchard grass exceeded the limit values in pots where it was added to soil. Soil liming reduced the content of nickel in orchard grass and in fractions isolated from soil – soluble fraction F1, reducible fraction F2 and oxidisable fraction F3. The addition of rye straw and brown coal to the soil reduced the content of nickel in the test grass and the content in bioavailable fraction F1. Liming and the addition of rye straw and brown coal to soil reduced the phytoavailability of nickel. K e y w o r d s: nickel, liming, straw, brown coal, fractions of Ni in soil","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45377863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Watros, H. Lipińska, W. Lipiński, P. Tkaczyk, J. Krzyszczak, P. Baranowski
layer. The lowest nitrogen content was shown in grassland mineral soils, whereas the cultivation of both maize and mixed cereals promoted greater accumulation of this nutrient in the soil profile at the depth of 60-90 cm. Mineral nitrogen content also depended on the use of grassland ecosystems. In mineral soils, the highest amounts of Nmin were found in hay grasslands, whereas in organic soils in hay and pasture grasslands. The lowest amounts of nitrogen in the investigated soil layer were observed in alternate grasslands. It was also revealed that strong significant correlations exist between livestock density and the content of mineral nitrogen in the 60-90 cm soil layer. Calculated regression equation describing those relationships can help the farmer to plan sustainable fertilisation depending on livestock density of his farm. K e y w o r d s: nitrogen losses, land use, mixed cereals, maize, grasslands, farming intensity * This study has been partly financed from the funds of the Polish National Centre for Research and Development in the framework of the project: BIO-FERTIL, contract number: BIOSTRATEG3/347464/5/ NCBR/2017. A. WATROS et al. 344
层草地矿质土壤中氮含量最低，而玉米和混合谷物的种植促进了这种营养物质在60-90厘米深度土壤剖面中的更多积累。矿质氮含量也取决于草地生态系统的利用。在矿物土壤中，干草草原的Nmin含量最高，而在干草和牧场的有机土壤中。在被调查的土壤层中，氮含量最低的是在交替的草地上。研究还表明，牲畜密度与60-90cm土层中的矿质氮含量之间存在很强的显著相关性。描述这些关系的计算回归方程可以帮助农民根据农场的牲畜密度规划可持续施肥。K e y w o r d s：氮损失、土地利用、混合谷物、玉米、草原、农业强度*本研究的部分资金来自波兰国家研究与发展中心在项目框架内的资金：BIO-FERTIL，合同编号：BIOSTATOR3/347464/5/NCBR/2017。A.WATROS等人344
{"title":"Mineral nitrogen content in the 60-90 cm layer of grassland soils relative to other fodder crops, way of managing agricultural lands and farming intensity","authors":"A. Watros, H. Lipińska, W. Lipiński, P. Tkaczyk, J. Krzyszczak, P. Baranowski","doi":"10.31545/AAGR/97185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/AAGR/97185","url":null,"abstract":"layer. The lowest nitrogen content was shown in grassland mineral soils, whereas the cultivation of both maize and mixed cereals promoted greater accumulation of this nutrient in the soil profile at the depth of 60-90 cm. Mineral nitrogen content also depended on the use of grassland ecosystems. In mineral soils, the highest amounts of Nmin were found in hay grasslands, whereas in organic soils in hay and pasture grasslands. The lowest amounts of nitrogen in the investigated soil layer were observed in alternate grasslands. It was also revealed that strong significant correlations exist between livestock density and the content of mineral nitrogen in the 60-90 cm soil layer. Calculated regression equation describing those relationships can help the farmer to plan sustainable fertilisation depending on livestock density of his farm. K e y w o r d s: nitrogen losses, land use, mixed cereals, maize, grasslands, farming intensity * This study has been partly financed from the funds of the Polish National Centre for Research and Development in the framework of the project: BIO-FERTIL, contract number: BIOSTRATEG3/347464/5/ NCBR/2017. A. WATROS et al. 344","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46113885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Becher, B. Symanowicz, D. Jaremko, Ewa Trzcińska
used arable soils. Spectrophotometric parameters indicated a low degree of their humification. K e y w o r d s: compost, humic substances, humic acids
使用过的耕地。分光光度参数显示其腐殖化程度较低。主要有:堆肥，腐植酸，腐植酸
{"title":"Chemical composition of compost from municipal waste in the context of use as fertiliser","authors":"M. Becher, B. Symanowicz, D. Jaremko, Ewa Trzcińska","doi":"10.31545/AAGR/93734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31545/AAGR/93734","url":null,"abstract":"used arable soils. Spectrophotometric parameters indicated a low degree of their humification. K e y w o r d s: compost, humic substances, humic acids","PeriodicalId":33791,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agrophysica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48144396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aneta Zamłyńska-Kowal, E. Kusińska, Ewa Sosińska-Leszczyńska, M. Panasiewicz
S t r e s z c z e n i e. Celem pracy było określenie wpływu dodatku mąki dyniowej oraz czasu przechowywania na właściwości tekstury ciasta drożdżowego. Do badań przygotowano próbę kontrolną oraz 3 ciasta z mąką dyniową w ilości 5, 10 i 15% w mieszance. Ciasta po upieczeniu i ostudzeniu przechowywano przez 4 kolejne dni. Określono wilgotność i kwasowość oraz właściwości teksturalne ciast według metody TPA (Texture Profile Analysis). Ciasto drożdżowe wzbogacone mąką dyniową zostało poddane ocenie sensorycznej. Na podstawie uzyskanych badań stwierdzono, że zarówno dodatek mąki dyniowej, jak i czas przechowywania wpływają istotnie na właściwości mechaniczne tekstury. Wykazano, że zwiększenie czasu przechowywania i dodatku mąki dyniowej powoduje zwiększenie twardości i żujności ciasta. Największą twardość (66 N) i żujność (11,30 N) zanotowano dla ciasta drożdżowego z 15% dodatkiem mąki dyniowej podczas czwartego dnia przechowywania. Sprężystość i spójność wraz ze zwiększeniem dodatku mąki dyniowej i czasu przechowywania zmniejszają się. Najmniejsze wartości sprężystości (0,61) i spójności (0,24) zaobserwowano w cieście drożdżowym z 15% dodatku mąki dyniowej podczas czwartego dnia przechowywania. Ocena sensoryczna wykazała, że ciasto drożdżowe z 15% zawartością mąki dyniowej ma najbardziej pożądane właściwości sensoryczne i zakwalifikowane zostało do I poziomu jakości. S ł o w a k l u c z o w e: właściwości teksturalne, tekstura, ciasto drożdżowe, mąka dyniowa
本研究的目的是确定南瓜粉添加剂和储存时间对酵母面团质地特性的影响。制备对照样品和3个面团，其中南瓜粉在混合物中的含量分别为5%、10%和15%。烘焙和冷却后的蛋糕被连续储存四天。根据TPA（纹理剖面分析）方法测定了蛋糕的水分、酸度和质地特性。对富含南瓜粉的酵母面团进行了感官评价。基于所获得的研究，得出结论，南瓜粉的添加和储存时间都会显著影响质地的力学性能。研究表明，储存时间的增加和南瓜粉的添加会增加面团的硬度和咀嚼性。在第四个储存日，添加15%南瓜粉的酵母面团的硬度（66N）和咀嚼性（11,30N）最高。南瓜粉的弹性和稠度随着南瓜粉添加量的增加和贮藏时间的延长而降低。在添加15%南瓜粉的酵母面团中，在第四个储存日观察到弹性（0.61）和稠度（0.24）的最低值。感官评价表明，南瓜粉含量为15%的酵母面团具有最理想的感官特性，并达到第一质量水平。S l o w a k l u c o w e：质地特性、质地、酵母面团、南瓜粉
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