Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1171
Sri Kusumawati
Ab s t r Ac t Introduction: Elderly or menopause is one of the uterine prolapses’ predisposition; however, not every patients with the menopause suffer from uterine prolapses. It is presumed that it is caused by differences of levator ani muscle strength between patients with and without uterine prolapses. Weak levator ani contraction strength is an initial predisposition of uterine prolapses’ occurrence; thus, researchers assumed that there is an overall skeletal muscle strength weakness among patients with uterine prolapses. The overall skeletal muscle strength was represented by the gastrocnemius soleus muscle. Materials and methods: This study aimed to compare gastrocnemius soleus contraction strength between women with and without an uterine prolapse. This study is a comparative, observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. Results: The subjects of this study were 48 women divided into two groups: (i) menopause women with a pelvic organ prolapse and (ii) those without a pelvic organ prolapse. Measurements were done on pelvic floor muscle contraction strength (PeritronTM perineometer) and gastrocnemius soleus muscle contraction strength (hand-held dynamometer). Discussion: This study was conducted at Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during September–October 2016. Statistical analysis reported that the p value results on a perinometer and a hand-held dynamometer were below 0.05 (p value < 0.05) for both groups. A correlation coefficient (r) of 0.519 was classified as the moderate category, with significant correlation results due to a p value of 0.001, α < 0.05. It is concluded that there was a significant correlation between levator ani and gastrocnemius soleus muscle contraction strength among post-menopause uterine prolapse patiets. Conclusion: Gastrocnemius soleus skeletal muscle contraction strength among women with POP was lesser compared with women without POP, and there was a correlation between pelvic floor muscle contraction strength and gastrocnemius soleus skeletal muscle contraction strength.
{"title":"Correlation of Contraction Strength between Gastrocnemius Soleus Muscle and Levator Ani Muscle among Individuals with Uterine Prolapse","authors":"Sri Kusumawati","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1171","url":null,"abstract":"Ab s t r Ac t Introduction: Elderly or menopause is one of the uterine prolapses’ predisposition; however, not every patients with the menopause suffer from uterine prolapses. It is presumed that it is caused by differences of levator ani muscle strength between patients with and without uterine prolapses. Weak levator ani contraction strength is an initial predisposition of uterine prolapses’ occurrence; thus, researchers assumed that there is an overall skeletal muscle strength weakness among patients with uterine prolapses. The overall skeletal muscle strength was represented by the gastrocnemius soleus muscle. Materials and methods: This study aimed to compare gastrocnemius soleus contraction strength between women with and without an uterine prolapse. This study is a comparative, observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach. Results: The subjects of this study were 48 women divided into two groups: (i) menopause women with a pelvic organ prolapse and (ii) those without a pelvic organ prolapse. Measurements were done on pelvic floor muscle contraction strength (PeritronTM perineometer) and gastrocnemius soleus muscle contraction strength (hand-held dynamometer). Discussion: This study was conducted at Dr Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung during September–October 2016. Statistical analysis reported that the p value results on a perinometer and a hand-held dynamometer were below 0.05 (p value < 0.05) for both groups. A correlation coefficient (r) of 0.519 was classified as the moderate category, with significant correlation results due to a p value of 0.001, α < 0.05. It is concluded that there was a significant correlation between levator ani and gastrocnemius soleus muscle contraction strength among post-menopause uterine prolapse patiets. Conclusion: Gastrocnemius soleus skeletal muscle contraction strength among women with POP was lesser compared with women without POP, and there was a correlation between pelvic floor muscle contraction strength and gastrocnemius soleus skeletal muscle contraction strength.","PeriodicalId":338227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of SAFOMS","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117052571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1165
S. Bhadoria
Serous cyst adenoma is a cystic ovarian tumor containing a serous fluid and a solid-tissue component. This tumor is a benign form, presenting as a cystic unilocular or a multilocular ovarian mass with a thin wall and minimal papillary projections. Giant ovarian tumors have become rare because of the early detection of adnexal pathology with the advent of routine imaging modalities in the recent era of medical practice. In previous studies, large or giant ovarian cysts were described as cysts measuring more than 10 cm in diameter in a radiological scan or those cysts reaching above the umbilicus. In this study, we report a case of 58-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a right ovarian benign serous cystadenoma measuring 30 × 26 × 24 cm in size with a weight of 5.5 kg.
{"title":"Large Serous Cystadenoma in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Case Report","authors":"S. Bhadoria","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1165","url":null,"abstract":"Serous cyst adenoma is a cystic ovarian tumor containing a serous fluid and a solid-tissue component. This tumor is a benign form, presenting as a cystic unilocular or a multilocular ovarian mass with a thin wall and minimal papillary projections. Giant ovarian tumors have become rare because of the early detection of adnexal pathology with the advent of routine imaging modalities in the recent era of medical practice. In previous studies, large or giant ovarian cysts were described as cysts measuring more than 10 cm in diameter in a radiological scan or those cysts reaching above the umbilicus. In this study, we report a case of 58-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a right ovarian benign serous cystadenoma measuring 30 × 26 × 24 cm in size with a weight of 5.5 kg.","PeriodicalId":338227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of SAFOMS","volume":"33 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125737546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1170
D. S. Bebincy, Shanmugam PAP Meena
Ab s t r Ac t Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the various causes of postmenopausal bleeding and incidence of various genital tract malignancies contributing to postmenopausal bleeding. Study design: Prospective interventional study. Place and duration of study: Kanyakumari Government Medical College Hospital, Asaripallam, from January 2017 to December 2017. Materials and methods: All women attending the gynecology outpatient department with complaints of postmenopausal bleeding during the study period were included in the study. History, clinical examination, and USG pelvis were done in all cases. CT, MRI abdomen, and pelvis were done for indicated cases. Hysteroscopically directed endometrial evaluation and sampling were done for all, except carcinoma cervix, carcinoma vulva, and carcinoma vagina. Results: Of the 62 cases, 30 cases were benign, 32 cases were malignant. The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding was a carcinoma cervix followed by an atropic endometrium. Conclusion: Postmenopausal bleeding should be thoroughly evaluated and treated since there is a higher incidence of malignant etiology.
{"title":"Clinicopathologic Evaluation of Postmenopausal Bleeding at a Tertiary Care Center","authors":"D. S. Bebincy, Shanmugam PAP Meena","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1170","url":null,"abstract":"Ab s t r Ac t Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the various causes of postmenopausal bleeding and incidence of various genital tract malignancies contributing to postmenopausal bleeding. Study design: Prospective interventional study. Place and duration of study: Kanyakumari Government Medical College Hospital, Asaripallam, from January 2017 to December 2017. Materials and methods: All women attending the gynecology outpatient department with complaints of postmenopausal bleeding during the study period were included in the study. History, clinical examination, and USG pelvis were done in all cases. CT, MRI abdomen, and pelvis were done for indicated cases. Hysteroscopically directed endometrial evaluation and sampling were done for all, except carcinoma cervix, carcinoma vulva, and carcinoma vagina. Results: Of the 62 cases, 30 cases were benign, 32 cases were malignant. The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding was a carcinoma cervix followed by an atropic endometrium. Conclusion: Postmenopausal bleeding should be thoroughly evaluated and treated since there is a higher incidence of malignant etiology.","PeriodicalId":338227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of SAFOMS","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127727013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ab s t r Ac t Background: Hysteroscopy has been proved to have diagnostic accuracy in abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and helps in localizing the lesions with minimal errors. However, histopathology has been considered as the gold standard in evaluating the pathological causes of AUB. The reliability of hysteroscopy as a single procedure to manage AUB has not been explored so far. This study was carried out to evaluate the validity of hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of AUB. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 50 patients diagnosed with AUB. Hysteroscopy was performed along with curettage and the tissue obtained was sent for histopathological examination. All the participants underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy and hysteroscopic-guided curettage. The hyseroscopic findings were correlated with histopathological findings. Results: We observed that hysteroscopy was an effective diagnostic tool for detecting endometrial hyperplasia, with a specificity of 93% and negative predictive value of 90.1%. As far as polyps were concerned, we observed that hysteroscopy was an effective screening and diagnostic tool of detecting polyps, with a sensitivity of 93.3% and specificity of 82.8%. Conclusion: Because the histopathological findings significantly correlated with the hysteroscopy findings, we are of the opinion that hysteroscopy may as well replace the traditional dilatation and curettage and at the same time replace invasive procedures for endometrial sampling.
{"title":"Role of Hysteroscopy in Clinicopathologic Evaluation of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding","authors":"Selvapriya Saravanan, Lakshmi Subburaj, Rajkumar Krishnasamy","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1172","url":null,"abstract":"Ab s t r Ac t Background: Hysteroscopy has been proved to have diagnostic accuracy in abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and helps in localizing the lesions with minimal errors. However, histopathology has been considered as the gold standard in evaluating the pathological causes of AUB. The reliability of hysteroscopy as a single procedure to manage AUB has not been explored so far. This study was carried out to evaluate the validity of hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of AUB. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 50 patients diagnosed with AUB. Hysteroscopy was performed along with curettage and the tissue obtained was sent for histopathological examination. All the participants underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy and hysteroscopic-guided curettage. The hyseroscopic findings were correlated with histopathological findings. Results: We observed that hysteroscopy was an effective diagnostic tool for detecting endometrial hyperplasia, with a specificity of 93% and negative predictive value of 90.1%. As far as polyps were concerned, we observed that hysteroscopy was an effective screening and diagnostic tool of detecting polyps, with a sensitivity of 93.3% and specificity of 82.8%. Conclusion: Because the histopathological findings significantly correlated with the hysteroscopy findings, we are of the opinion that hysteroscopy may as well replace the traditional dilatation and curettage and at the same time replace invasive procedures for endometrial sampling.","PeriodicalId":338227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of SAFOMS","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123744523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1168
Kamala Verma, Santosh Kumari
Ab s t r Ac t Background: The broad ligament is the commonest extrauterine site for occurrence of leiomyoma. Because of its rarity, it poses both clinical and radiological difficulties in differentiating against an ovarian tumor. Case description: We are presenting a rare case of leiomyoma of broad ligament in a 45-year-old female with complaints of lower abdominal lump, pain, and menstrual abnormality. On clinical examination, there was a 18-week-old firm, nontender, and mobile mass extending to the umbilicus. Ultrasound pelvis showed a large hypoechoic lesion of 17 cm × 11 cm × 10.3 cm with internal vascularity in pelvis predominantly on the left side. MRI pelvis showed similar findings. IVP was normal. Result: Laparotomy showed a huge false left-sided broad ligament leiomyoma measuring 17 × 15 cm. Histopathology confirmed it to be a soft tissue tumor-leiomyoma. Conclusion: Broad ligament leiomyomas mimic ovarian tumors on clinical and radiological examination and may pose difficulties in differentiating both. Its diagnosis is difficult on clinical and radiological features owing to its unusual presentation. Thus histopathology plays an important role in confirming its diagnosis. Clinical significance: We present this case because of its rarity and the diagnostic difficulties it posed.
背景:阔韧带是子宫外平滑肌瘤最常见的发生部位。由于其罕见性，它在临床和放射学上都很难与卵巢肿瘤鉴别。病例描述:我们报告一例罕见的阔韧带平滑肌瘤病例，患者为45岁女性，主诉下腹肿块、疼痛和月经异常。在临床检查中，有一个18周大的坚固、无痛、可移动的肿块延伸到脐。骨盆超声示17 cm × 11 cm × 10.3 cm的大低回声病变，骨盆内血管主要位于左侧。骨盆MRI显示类似结果。IVP正常。结果:剖腹探查发现左侧宽韧带巨大假平滑肌瘤，大小为17 × 15 cm。组织病理学证实为软组织肿瘤-平滑肌瘤。结论:宽韧带平滑肌瘤在临床和影像学检查上与卵巢肿瘤相似，两者难以鉴别。由于其不寻常的表现，其临床和放射学特征诊断困难。因此，组织病理学对其诊断起着重要的作用。临床意义:我们提出这个病例，因为它的罕见和诊断困难。
{"title":"A Rare Case of Broad Ligament Fibroid: A Case Report","authors":"Kamala Verma, Santosh Kumari","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10032-1168","url":null,"abstract":"Ab s t r Ac t Background: The broad ligament is the commonest extrauterine site for occurrence of leiomyoma. Because of its rarity, it poses both clinical and radiological difficulties in differentiating against an ovarian tumor. Case description: We are presenting a rare case of leiomyoma of broad ligament in a 45-year-old female with complaints of lower abdominal lump, pain, and menstrual abnormality. On clinical examination, there was a 18-week-old firm, nontender, and mobile mass extending to the umbilicus. Ultrasound pelvis showed a large hypoechoic lesion of 17 cm × 11 cm × 10.3 cm with internal vascularity in pelvis predominantly on the left side. MRI pelvis showed similar findings. IVP was normal. Result: Laparotomy showed a huge false left-sided broad ligament leiomyoma measuring 17 × 15 cm. Histopathology confirmed it to be a soft tissue tumor-leiomyoma. Conclusion: Broad ligament leiomyomas mimic ovarian tumors on clinical and radiological examination and may pose difficulties in differentiating both. Its diagnosis is difficult on clinical and radiological features owing to its unusual presentation. Thus histopathology plays an important role in confirming its diagnosis. Clinical significance: We present this case because of its rarity and the diagnostic difficulties it posed.","PeriodicalId":338227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of SAFOMS","volume":"629 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133846861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10032-1167
Santosh B Jaybhaye
{"title":"Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich Syndrome: A Rare Müllerian Anomaly","authors":"Santosh B Jaybhaye","doi":"10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10032-1167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/JP-JOURNALS-10032-1167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":338227,"journal":{"name":"Journal of SAFOMS","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124501608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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