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2019 Antenna Measurement Techniques Association Symposium (AMTA)最新文献

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Feasibility of Coaxial Resonators for Permittivity Measurements of Pressurized Gases 同轴谐振器测量加压气体介电常数的可行性
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906304
J. Alvarez
This paper investigates numerically the feasibility of using quarter wavelength coaxial resonators for permittivity measurements of pressurized gases, as found in the subsurface. The non-short-circuited end of the resonator is facing the inside of a pressure cell and is filled with pressure resistant, low-loss dielectric material. Results show that as pressure increases, the corresponding increase in dielectric constant can be detected through a shift in the resonant frequency of |S11| and confirmed by a change in the phase of S11.
本文从数值上探讨了利用四分之一波长同轴谐振器测量地下加压气体介电常数的可行性。谐振器的非短路端面向压力单元的内部,并填充有耐压、低损耗的介电材料。结果表明,随着压力的增加,介质常数的增加可以通过S11的谐振频率的变化来检测,并通过S11的相位变化来证实。
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引用次数: 1
EMC Measurement System Based on Software Defined Radio and Diagnostic Techniques 基于软件无线电和诊断技术的电磁兼容测量系统
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906444
R. T. Sánchez, M. S. Castañer, L. Foged, D. Gray
In a previous paper a new referenceless measurement set-up based on a reference antenna was used for characterizing the radiation of antennas in the planar scanner [1]. The method is based on using a low-cost receiver to retrieve the amplitude and phase of the signal. This paper explores the limitations of the method for different geometries and implements a multiprobe electromagnetic compatibility measurement system. Once the amplitude and phase are recovered, diagnostic techniques can be applied and also near-field to near or far-field transformations to calculate the field at distances defined by standards. The results demonstrate the good accuracy of the method in comparison with traditional electromagnetic compatibility laboratories.
在之前的一篇论文中,采用了一种新的基于参考天线的无参考测量装置来表征平面扫描仪中天线的辐射[1]。该方法是基于使用低成本的接收器来检索信号的幅度和相位。本文探讨了该方法在不同几何形状下的局限性,并实现了一个多探头电磁兼容性测量系统。一旦振幅和相位恢复,就可以应用诊断技术,也可以应用近场到近场或远场转换来计算标准定义距离的场。结果表明,与传统的电磁兼容实验室相比,该方法具有较好的准确性。
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引用次数: 3
Portable Laser Guided Robotic Metrology System 便携式激光制导机器人计量系统
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906337
P. Slater, J. Downey, M. Piasecki, Bryan L. Schoenholz
This paper introduces the new Portable Laser Guided Robotic Metrology (PLGRM) system at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Glenn Research Center. Previous work used industrial robots in fixed facilities to characterize antennas and required fixtures that do not lend themselves to portable applications. NASA’s PLGRM system is designed for in-situ antenna measurements at a remote site. The system consists of a collaborative robot arm mounted on a vertical lift and a laser tracker, each on a mobile base. Together, they enable scanning a surface larger than the robot’s reach. To accomplish this, the robot first collects all points within its reach, then the system is moved and the laser tracker is used to relocate the robot before additional points are captured. The PLGRM implementation will be discussed including how safety and planning are combined to effectively characterize antennas. Software defined triggering is a feature, for flexible integration of vector network analyzers and antenna controllers. Lastly, data will be shown to demonstrate system functionality and accuracy.
本文介绍了美国国家航空航天局格伦研究中心研制的新型便携式激光制导机器人计量系统(PLGRM)。以前的工作是在固定设施中使用工业机器人来表征天线和所需的固定装置,这些装置不适合便携式应用。NASA的PLGRM系统设计用于远程站点的原位天线测量。该系统由安装在垂直升降机上的协作机器人手臂和安装在移动基座上的激光跟踪器组成。它们合在一起,可以扫描比机器人触手可及的更大的表面。为了实现这一目标,机器人首先收集其范围内的所有点,然后移动系统,在捕获额外的点之前使用激光跟踪器重新定位机器人。将讨论PLGRM的实现,包括如何将安全和规划相结合以有效地表征天线。软件定义触发是矢量网络分析仪和天线控制器灵活集成的一个特点。最后,将展示数据以演示系统的功能和准确性。
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引用次数: 5
Combination of Spherical and Planar Scanning for Phaseless Near-Field Antenna Measurements 球面与平面相结合的无相近场天线测量方法
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906466
F. R. Varela, Belén Galocha Iraguen, M. S. Castañer, J. F. Álvarez, M. Mattes, O. Breinbjerg
The two scans phaseless technique is a well-known procedure for the characterization of antennas on near-field ranges without need of measuring the phase. Amplitude information over two surfaces compensates for the lack of phase reference. In this paper we propose the combination of spherical and planar surfaces for the application of the two scans technique, together with the application of Wirtinger Flow, a state-of-the art phase retrieval algorithm with high convergence guarantees. The use of different types of surface adds additional information about the field’s degrees of freedom, allowing for smaller separation between acquisition surfaces as compared with the 2-sphere techniques. In addition, an initial estimation for the phase is not required. The phase retrieval process is formulated in terms of the Spherical Wave Expansion (SWE) of the antenna under test. The SWE-to-PWE (Plane Wave Expansion) is utilized in order to process the amplitude field on the planar surface. Results for simulated and measured near-field data are shown to demonstrate the potential capabilities of the proposed technique.
两次扫描无相位技术是一种众所周知的方法,用于表征天线在近场范围内不需要测量相位。两个表面上的振幅信息补偿了相位参考的缺乏。在本文中,我们提出了球面和平面结合的两种扫描技术的应用,并结合了Wirtinger Flow,这是一种具有高收敛保证的最新相位检索算法。不同类型表面的使用增加了关于油田自由度的额外信息,与双球技术相比,可以减少采集表面之间的分离。此外,不需要对阶段进行初始估计。相位恢复过程是根据被测天线的球面波展开(SWE)来制定的。利用平面波展开法对平面上的振幅场进行处理。模拟和测量的近场数据的结果显示了所提出的技术的潜在能力。
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引用次数: 9
Non-contact Characterization of Antenna Impedance, Gain and Pattern through Open-Fixture Network Calibration 通过开放夹具网络校准天线阻抗、增益和方向图的非接触特性
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906312
Seckin Sahin, N. Nahar, K. Sertel
We present a novel, non-contact characterization technique for simultaneous characterization of conventional antenna parameters, including the antenna port input impedance, antenna gain and its radiation pattern, without requiring a network analyzer connection to the antenna port. The test antenna and the network analyzer are considered as a 2-port open-air fixture whose network representation corresponds to the desired antenna parameters. The unknown network parameters of the 2-port open-air fixture are determined via a novel calibration process using 4 offset-short termination standards. The error parameters determined by the calibration are then related to the test antenna port impedance and its gain as a function of frequency. Furthermore, the radiation pattern of the test antenna can also be characterized using measured reflection coefficient at the network analyzer port for two offset-short terminations of the test antenna port, while rotating the test antenna over the desired angular range. This novel technique is particularly attractive for installed-antenna applications where an active connection to the test antenna port is either difficult or undesirable, such as on-chip antennas and implanted antennas, to name a few. To demonstrate the efficacy our new method, we present the measured impedance, gain and radiation pattern of a diagonal-horn antenna operating over 360–450 GHz, and a lens-integrated planar butterfly antenna for the 220–325GHz band.
我们提出了一种新的非接触式表征技术,用于同时表征传统天线参数,包括天线端口输入阻抗,天线增益及其辐射方向图,而无需连接到天线端口的网络分析仪。测试天线和网络分析仪被认为是一个2端口的露天夹具,其网络表示对应于所需的天线参数。2端口露天夹具的未知网络参数是通过使用4个偏移短终止标准的新颖校准过程确定的。由校准确定的误差参数然后与测试天线端口阻抗及其增益作为频率的函数相关。此外,测试天线的辐射方向图还可以在测试天线端口的两个偏置短终端的网络分析仪端口上使用测量的反射系数来表征,同时将测试天线旋转到所需的角度范围内。这种新技术对安装天线的应用特别有吸引力,在这些应用中,与测试天线端口的主动连接是困难的或不希望的,例如片上天线和植入天线,仅举几例。为了验证新方法的有效性,我们给出了工作在360-450 GHz的对角喇叭天线和220-325GHz频段的透镜集成平面蝴蝶天线的阻抗、增益和辐射方向图。
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引用次数: 1
Influence of the Phase Uncertainty in Spherical Wave Expansion in the Millimeter-Wave Range 毫米波范围内球面波膨胀中相位不确定度的影响
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906297
A. Polaczek, T. M. Gemmer, D. Heberling
Phase uncertainty in antenna measurements introduces significant errors to the amplitude of the transformed pattern in Spherical Wave Expansion (SWE). To get a better understanding of the impact of phase errors, the measured phase error of a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) is synthesized as a random phase error and subsequently added to the measured antenna patterns of three different antennas during the SWE. The resulting erroneous patterns are compared with the measured reference patterns and the error magnitude and probability distribution are studied. It is proven that the introduced errors to the transformed far-field patterns can be substantial. Furthermore, the relation between the antenna type and the error level and distribution is elaborated. The error level is different for the three antennas and the error level distribution is dependent on the mode spectra of the antennas.
在球面波展开(SWE)中,天线测量中的相位不确定性给变换方向图的幅度带来了很大的误差。为了更好地理解相位误差的影响,将低噪声放大器(LNA)的测量相位误差合成为随机相位误差,然后将其添加到SWE期间三个不同天线的测量天线方向图中。将得到的误差模式与实测的参考模式进行了比较,研究了误差的大小和概率分布。实验证明,对变换后的远场方向图引入的误差是相当大的。进一步阐述了天线类型与误差水平和分布的关系。三种天线的误差水平是不同的,误差水平的分布依赖于天线的模式谱。
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引用次数: 0
Standard Definitions of Terms for Antennas and Radio Wave Propagation 天线和无线电波传播术语的标准定义
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906435
V. Monebhurrun
The standard definitions of terms for antennas and radio wave propagation are provided in IEEE Std. 145-2013 and IEEE Std. 211-2018, respectively. These documents define the accepted and harmonized terminology used in the fields of antennas and propagation. Arbitrary use and misuse of fundamental terms are still observed in technical papers and presentations at conferences.
天线和无线电波传播术语的标准定义分别在IEEE Std. 145-2013和IEEE Std. 211-2018中提供。这些文件定义了天线和传播领域中使用的公认和协调的术语。在技术论文和会议报告中,仍然可以看到任意使用和误用基本术语。
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引用次数: 5
Method-of-Moments Modeling of Conducting Objects within the Fast Irregular Antenna Field Transformation Algorithm 快速不规则天线场变换算法中导电物体的矩量建模方法
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906355
J. Kornprobst, A. Paulus, T. Eibert, R. A. Mauermayer
Reducing near-field measurement times is an important challenge for future antenna measurement systems. We propose to incorporate knowledge about material parameters of the antenna measurement environment within the simulation model. To do so, a method-of-moments code with surface discretization is implemented as a side constraint to the near-field far-field transformation problem performed with the fast irregular antenna field transformation algorithm. Transformation and source reconstruction results of synthetic measurement data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
减少近场测量次数是未来天线测量系统面临的重要挑战。我们建议在仿真模型中加入有关天线测量环境的材料参数的知识。为此,对快速不规则天线场变换算法的近场远场变换问题,采用一种具有曲面离散化的矩量法编码作为侧约束。综合测量数据的变换和源重构结果验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 4
Ka-Band Microstrip Patch array Antenna for Satellite Communication 卫星通信ka波段微带贴片阵列天线
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906422
Shahin Salarian, D. Mirshekar-Syahkal
Microstrip patch antennas have been modeled and investigated at Ka-Band frequencies, to achieve high gain for satellite communications application. Structures of one, two, three and four elements arrays have been designed, modelled and simulated numerically using MATLAB and CST software at 29 GHz. Different configuration have been tested to find the optimum structure in terms of Gain, input impedance matching, phase matching and spacing between arrays. Various feeding techniques have been tested to find the optimum feed network, which is a combination of series and corporate feed. A gain of 12dB was achieved using the structure of four element arrays with beamwidth of 38 degrees.
为了实现卫星通信的高增益,在ka波段对微带贴片天线进行了建模和研究。利用MATLAB和CST软件对29 GHz的1元、2元、3元和4元阵列结构进行了设计、建模和数值模拟。测试了不同的配置,从增益、输入阻抗匹配、相位匹配和阵列间距等方面找到了最佳结构。我们测试了各种喂养技术,以找到最佳的饲料网络,即系列饲料和公司饲料的结合。采用波束宽度为38度的四元阵列结构,实现了12dB的增益。
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引用次数: 3
Extraction of Magneto-Dielectric Properties from Metal-Backed Free-Space Reflectivity 从金属背衬自由空间反射率提取磁介电性质
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23919/AMTAP.2019.8906370
R. Geryak, J. Schultz
Intrinsic magnetic and dielectric properties of magneto-dielectric composites are typically determined at microwave frequencies with both transmission and reflection data. An iterative method, such as root-finding, is often used to extract the properties in a frequency-by-frequency basis. In some situations, materials may be manufactured on a metal substrate that prevents transmission data from being obtained. This happens when the materials are too fragile or too strongly bonded to the substrate for removal and must be characterized with the metal substrate in place. This paper compares two different free-space extraction algorithms, developed for the simultaneous extraction of complex permittivity and permeability from metal-backed reflection. One of the algorithms relies on reflection measurements of the same material with two known thicknesses. The second method takes advantage of wide bandwidth measurements to fit the reflection to analytical models (e.g. Debye). The accuracy of these methods are evaluated and the stability criteria for the techniques will be discussed, as well as the tolerance of the techniques to various measurement errors.
磁-介电复合材料的固有磁性和介电性能通常是在微波频率下用透射和反射数据确定的。一种迭代的方法,比如寻根,经常被用来逐频率地提取属性。在某些情况下,可以在金属基板上制造材料,以防止获得传输数据。这种情况发生在材料太脆弱或与基板结合太强烈而无法去除时,并且必须在金属基板到位的情况下进行表征。本文比较了两种不同的自由空间提取算法,这些算法是为同时从金属背反射中提取复介电常数和渗透率而开发的。其中一种算法依赖于同一材料的两种已知厚度的反射测量。第二种方法利用宽带宽测量来拟合反射到分析模型(例如Debye)。评估了这些方法的准确性,并讨论了这些技术的稳定性标准,以及这些技术对各种测量误差的容忍度。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2019 Antenna Measurement Techniques Association Symposium (AMTA)
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