Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052703
A. Chandra, A. Pradhan, A. Sinha
With the gradual increase in population and increased use of modern machinery, the power demand is always on the rise. Any power network has the ability to cater to a specific maximum volume of load. Increase in load demand makes the system weaker and thus, the power system tends to work under stressed conditions. Increase in system load above a certain threshold may result in cascaded voltage collapse which in turn leads to the system becoming unstable and finally blackout. It thus becomes quite essential to find out the stress conditions of the network during planning stage. Various indices are present in literature to study the health of the system to study how close the system is towards the instability region. In this article, some of the indices have been tried on two conventional electrical systems, viz., WSCC 9 bus system and IEEE 118 bus system and a study has been done to find out the maximum system load that the systems are able to withstand before collapsing. A comparison among all the indices considered is done and a conclusion is drawn as to which of the indices gives a better result.
{"title":"A comparative study of voltage stability indices used for power system operation","authors":"A. Chandra, A. Pradhan, A. Sinha","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052703","url":null,"abstract":"With the gradual increase in population and increased use of modern machinery, the power demand is always on the rise. Any power network has the ability to cater to a specific maximum volume of load. Increase in load demand makes the system weaker and thus, the power system tends to work under stressed conditions. Increase in system load above a certain threshold may result in cascaded voltage collapse which in turn leads to the system becoming unstable and finally blackout. It thus becomes quite essential to find out the stress conditions of the network during planning stage. Various indices are present in literature to study the health of the system to study how close the system is towards the instability region. In this article, some of the indices have been tried on two conventional electrical systems, viz., WSCC 9 bus system and IEEE 118 bus system and a study has been done to find out the maximum system load that the systems are able to withstand before collapsing. A comparison among all the indices considered is done and a conclusion is drawn as to which of the indices gives a better result.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117220897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052728
Harikrishna Muda, P. Jena
This paper presents a new technique for islanding detection using the phase angle between positive-sequence voltage and current signals. In order to discriminate between islanding and non-islanding situations, the phase angle derived at the rotating machine or inverter-based distributed generation terminal is used an input feature vector for the principal component technique. The change in principal components are prominent for both islanding situations and non-islanding situations like the fault type, load switching, DG tripping, capacitor switching and feeder disconnection. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated using the data simulated with a Real-Time Digital Simulator for IEEE 13-bus microgrids. Critical issues such as a perfect power match islanding situations, different scenarios of microgrids having synchronous generator, BESS, DFIG, and PV units are addressed during performance evaluation of the proposed technique. It is found that, the technique identifies the islanding situations under low active and reactive power mismatches and hence overcomes the non-detection zone problem.
{"title":"Principal component based passive islanding detection technique for distributed generations","authors":"Harikrishna Muda, P. Jena","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052728","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new technique for islanding detection using the phase angle between positive-sequence voltage and current signals. In order to discriminate between islanding and non-islanding situations, the phase angle derived at the rotating machine or inverter-based distributed generation terminal is used an input feature vector for the principal component technique. The change in principal components are prominent for both islanding situations and non-islanding situations like the fault type, load switching, DG tripping, capacitor switching and feeder disconnection. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated using the data simulated with a Real-Time Digital Simulator for IEEE 13-bus microgrids. Critical issues such as a perfect power match islanding situations, different scenarios of microgrids having synchronous generator, BESS, DFIG, and PV units are addressed during performance evaluation of the proposed technique. It is found that, the technique identifies the islanding situations under low active and reactive power mismatches and hence overcomes the non-detection zone problem.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114716415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052729
Priyanka Shinde, K. Swarup
With the expected surge of Electric Vehicles (EV) in the market in the near future, a threat to the grid is anticipated. Introducing EVs in the grid serves as an additional load thus arising the need for increased generation which increases the total fuel cost. An optimization algorithm has been proposed to minimize the total fuel cost by performing Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) of the committed generators and by optimizing the reactive power flow (Qev) from EV to grid. Implementation of this algorithm leads to an improvement in the voltage profile and decrease in the losses in the system. The proposed algorithm gives optimal values of reactive power that must flow from EV to grid and it also gives optimal real power generation of the committed generators. System studies have been performed at different penetration levels and the results have been compared. At higher penetration levels the improvement in the grid parameters has been found to be more significant.
{"title":"Optimal generation and reactive power scheduling of plug-in electric vehicles in V2G environment","authors":"Priyanka Shinde, K. Swarup","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052729","url":null,"abstract":"With the expected surge of Electric Vehicles (EV) in the market in the near future, a threat to the grid is anticipated. Introducing EVs in the grid serves as an additional load thus arising the need for increased generation which increases the total fuel cost. An optimization algorithm has been proposed to minimize the total fuel cost by performing Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) of the committed generators and by optimizing the reactive power flow (Qev) from EV to grid. Implementation of this algorithm leads to an improvement in the voltage profile and decrease in the losses in the system. The proposed algorithm gives optimal values of reactive power that must flow from EV to grid and it also gives optimal real power generation of the committed generators. System studies have been performed at different penetration levels and the results have been compared. At higher penetration levels the improvement in the grid parameters has been found to be more significant.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126284628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052753
K. P. Kumar, B. Saravanan, K. Swarup
Non-consistency of energy availability from Renewable Energy Sources needs estimation and scheduling in advance so that the other certain sources of energy like fuel cells, diesel generators, storage devices etc., can be scheduled appropriately to maintain load-generation balance in real time. Evolutionary program techniques are proving handy and reliable in the process. This article uses an Artificial Fish Swarm algorithm to solve the problem of day-ahead scheduling of generation in a mix of Renewable Energy Sources, despatchable sources and storage. The utility function of hourly generation cost is considered for optimization along with various microgrid operational constraints. The performance of the algorithm is validated by applying to schedule generation in a microgrid in grid connected mode consisting of one wind turbine and one PV source as Renewable energy sources, one diesel generator and fuel cell as despatchable generators and a battery for storage. The scheduled generation of each generator, power exchange of storage source along with its state of charge are evaluated for optimum cost of generation.
{"title":"Day ahead scheduling of generation and storage sources in a microgrid using artificial fish swarm algorithm","authors":"K. P. Kumar, B. Saravanan, K. Swarup","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052753","url":null,"abstract":"Non-consistency of energy availability from Renewable Energy Sources needs estimation and scheduling in advance so that the other certain sources of energy like fuel cells, diesel generators, storage devices etc., can be scheduled appropriately to maintain load-generation balance in real time. Evolutionary program techniques are proving handy and reliable in the process. This article uses an Artificial Fish Swarm algorithm to solve the problem of day-ahead scheduling of generation in a mix of Renewable Energy Sources, despatchable sources and storage. The utility function of hourly generation cost is considered for optimization along with various microgrid operational constraints. The performance of the algorithm is validated by applying to schedule generation in a microgrid in grid connected mode consisting of one wind turbine and one PV source as Renewable energy sources, one diesel generator and fuel cell as despatchable generators and a battery for storage. The scheduled generation of each generator, power exchange of storage source along with its state of charge are evaluated for optimum cost of generation.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131753806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052749
L. Kapoor, A. Mekala, D. Bose
Pyrolysis represents a process of renewable energy recovery, using thermochemical methods of combustion it is possible to heat biomass i.e. residues such as sawdust, bagasse and pine wood to obtain a liquid fuel known as bio-oil. This bio-oil finds application in Chemical industry and suitable upgradation can make it a petroleum substitute. The byproduct of this process is a solid residue known as bio-char, which has the potential to be used as an excellent climate change mitigation tool if mixed with soil, acts as an excellent amendment. This paper highlights the work done with a Twin screw reactor or auger reactor, temperature profiles of near 500°C has been studied, biomass used has been sawdust and bagasse. Analysis for the solid bio-fuel i.e. biochar has been given along with proximate and ultimate analysis of biomass feedstocks. System limitation has been profiled and issues related to bio-oil production have been addressed. Design changes have been suggested in the existing system using Solidworks software to optimize the existing design where this experimentation has been done. It is believed the design changes would make the facility more efficient. Nitrogen gas has been used to maintain velocity profile of the biomass particles inside the reactor. This work does not have the food vs fodder conflict as it shows biomass feeds used are primarily wood wastes and sugar industry by-products.
{"title":"Auger reactor for biomass fast pyrolysis: Design and operation","authors":"L. Kapoor, A. Mekala, D. Bose","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052749","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrolysis represents a process of renewable energy recovery, using thermochemical methods of combustion it is possible to heat biomass i.e. residues such as sawdust, bagasse and pine wood to obtain a liquid fuel known as bio-oil. This bio-oil finds application in Chemical industry and suitable upgradation can make it a petroleum substitute. The byproduct of this process is a solid residue known as bio-char, which has the potential to be used as an excellent climate change mitigation tool if mixed with soil, acts as an excellent amendment. This paper highlights the work done with a Twin screw reactor or auger reactor, temperature profiles of near 500°C has been studied, biomass used has been sawdust and bagasse. Analysis for the solid bio-fuel i.e. biochar has been given along with proximate and ultimate analysis of biomass feedstocks. System limitation has been profiled and issues related to bio-oil production have been addressed. Design changes have been suggested in the existing system using Solidworks software to optimize the existing design where this experimentation has been done. It is believed the design changes would make the facility more efficient. Nitrogen gas has been used to maintain velocity profile of the biomass particles inside the reactor. This work does not have the food vs fodder conflict as it shows biomass feeds used are primarily wood wastes and sugar industry by-products.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"32 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120858118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052752
S. Cherukuri, B. Saravanan, K. Swarup
The work presented in this paper addresses the problem of main grid dependability in micro grids using Electric springs. The micro grids which have more penetration of renewable sources are bound to depend on main grids during generation intermittence of the micro sources. In order to reduce the dependability of micro grids on main grid an efficient energy management algorithm has been presented. The proposed algorithm schedules the non-critical loads present in the micro grid using A.C Electric springs and the simulation studies are performed in MATLAB. The reduction in energy consumption from the main grid is achieved by making the non-critical loads consume lesser power during generation intermittence in the micro grid.
{"title":"A new control algorithm for energy conservation from main grid during generation intermittence in the micro grids using A.C electric springs","authors":"S. Cherukuri, B. Saravanan, K. Swarup","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052752","url":null,"abstract":"The work presented in this paper addresses the problem of main grid dependability in micro grids using Electric springs. The micro grids which have more penetration of renewable sources are bound to depend on main grids during generation intermittence of the micro sources. In order to reduce the dependability of micro grids on main grid an efficient energy management algorithm has been presented. The proposed algorithm schedules the non-critical loads present in the micro grid using A.C Electric springs and the simulation studies are performed in MATLAB. The reduction in energy consumption from the main grid is achieved by making the non-critical loads consume lesser power during generation intermittence in the micro grid.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"424 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116402846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052751
Supratim Ghosh, A. Srivastava, D. Das
A customized 20 L airlift photobioreactor was utilized for the growth of Chlorella sp. MJ 11/11. The biomass obtained was further used for production of biodiesel. A one step transesterification process was utilized for the production of biodiesel from algal lipids. The lipid content of Chlorella sp. MJ 11/11 was determined to be 58% w/w. The biomass obtained was flocculated using chitosan (stock of 10 mg L−1) and the flocculation efficiency was found to be 97%. HCl was found to be the most suitable catalyst for the transesterification reaction. The most suitable conditions required for transesterification were determined. Utilizing these conditions, the conversion of algal lipids to biodiesel was observed to be 84.2%. The fatty acids content of biodiesel from the lipids of the microalgae suggested its potentiality as a promising fuel for the future.
{"title":"Optimization of the one step transesterification process for the biodiesel production from Chlorella sp. MJ 11/11","authors":"Supratim Ghosh, A. Srivastava, D. Das","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052751","url":null,"abstract":"A customized 20 L airlift photobioreactor was utilized for the growth of Chlorella sp. MJ 11/11. The biomass obtained was further used for production of biodiesel. A one step transesterification process was utilized for the production of biodiesel from algal lipids. The lipid content of Chlorella sp. MJ 11/11 was determined to be 58% w/w. The biomass obtained was flocculated using chitosan (stock of 10 mg L−1) and the flocculation efficiency was found to be 97%. HCl was found to be the most suitable catalyst for the transesterification reaction. The most suitable conditions required for transesterification were determined. Utilizing these conditions, the conversion of algal lipids to biodiesel was observed to be 84.2%. The fatty acids content of biodiesel from the lipids of the microalgae suggested its potentiality as a promising fuel for the future.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128259119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052748
Gaurab Bhowmick, Subhasis Neogi
Linear Fresnel Collector (LFC) consists of parallel reflector rows on a horizontal plane that reflects the incident solar radiation on to a common focal plane. Receiver positioned at the common focal plane absorbs the reflected solar radiation. As the Sun's position in sky changes throughout the day and year, portion of reflected rays that reach the absorber varies. Fraction of absorber area remains unused due to no radiation falling on it. This phenomenon is of utmost importance in small scale LFCs, where this forms a major proportion of optical losses. Thus, the variation of end-effect loss for different tilt angles and its dependency on time of day and month of year has been studied, plotted and compared.
{"title":"Study on the end effect loss of a Linear Fresnel Collector system","authors":"Gaurab Bhowmick, Subhasis Neogi","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052748","url":null,"abstract":"Linear Fresnel Collector (LFC) consists of parallel reflector rows on a horizontal plane that reflects the incident solar radiation on to a common focal plane. Receiver positioned at the common focal plane absorbs the reflected solar radiation. As the Sun's position in sky changes throughout the day and year, portion of reflected rays that reach the absorber varies. Fraction of absorber area remains unused due to no radiation falling on it. This phenomenon is of utmost importance in small scale LFCs, where this forms a major proportion of optical losses. Thus, the variation of end-effect loss for different tilt angles and its dependency on time of day and month of year has been studied, plotted and compared.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125224647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052717
Ajit Paul Abraham, P. Ghosh, R. Banerjee
Reliance to electrical energy in all sectors of life have raised concerns about supply demand mismatch leading to frequent grid outages for centralized systems. Microgrids are localized power generation units which can be a combination of mostly renewable sources, loads and storage devices. Variable nature of renewable sources, demand for long term and short term storage, depending on the user scenario. This paper presents a novel approach for microgrid component design using automated software program. The work aims at presenting a Graphical User Interface based on Visual Basic .Net and XML database, which helps to identify optimum selection of variable sources and storage devices for a microgrid, based on daily demand. Parameters are designed to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness, both in terms of energy, cost and life cycle, focused on sustainability. Lead Acid storage is used commonly as medium term storage option in microgrids but other electrochemical storages are also examined.
{"title":"A framework for incorporating load profiles for sizing and designing of microgrid","authors":"Ajit Paul Abraham, P. Ghosh, R. Banerjee","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052717","url":null,"abstract":"Reliance to electrical energy in all sectors of life have raised concerns about supply demand mismatch leading to frequent grid outages for centralized systems. Microgrids are localized power generation units which can be a combination of mostly renewable sources, loads and storage devices. Variable nature of renewable sources, demand for long term and short term storage, depending on the user scenario. This paper presents a novel approach for microgrid component design using automated software program. The work aims at presenting a Graphical User Interface based on Visual Basic .Net and XML database, which helps to identify optimum selection of variable sources and storage devices for a microgrid, based on daily demand. Parameters are designed to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness, both in terms of energy, cost and life cycle, focused on sustainability. Lead Acid storage is used commonly as medium term storage option in microgrids but other electrochemical storages are also examined.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127576887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052745
S. Verma, Pritam Banerjee, Mohan Kumar, A. Roy, N. C. Mondal, A. Kundu, Sonali Das
Enhancing the light absorption in ultra-thin crystalline silicon wafer based solar cell is a challenge to be met. Among several approaches and techniques to do so, the very simple yet effective technique of lensing the light into the substrate is investigated in this work. Spherical silica micro-lenses have been designed and studied. The effect of the micro-lenses has been observed for varying substrate thickness and an absorption enhancement of 65% is noted for a substrate thickness of 3μm. Also, an improvement in wide angle light trapping is observed, which can act as an efficiency enhancer for solar photovoltaic application.
{"title":"Spherical silica micro-lenses for enhanced light absorption in thin crystalline silicon solar cell","authors":"S. Verma, Pritam Banerjee, Mohan Kumar, A. Roy, N. C. Mondal, A. Kundu, Sonali Das","doi":"10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTFCEN.2016.8052745","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancing the light absorption in ultra-thin crystalline silicon wafer based solar cell is a challenge to be met. Among several approaches and techniques to do so, the very simple yet effective technique of lensing the light into the substrate is investigated in this work. Spherical silica micro-lenses have been designed and studied. The effect of the micro-lenses has been observed for varying substrate thickness and an absorption enhancement of 65% is noted for a substrate thickness of 3μm. Also, an improvement in wide angle light trapping is observed, which can act as an efficiency enhancer for solar photovoltaic application.","PeriodicalId":339848,"journal":{"name":"2016 21st Century Energy Needs - Materials, Systems and Applications (ICTFCEN)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133022540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：