Pub Date : 2021-11-02DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-929565/v1
D. Andrade-Molina, J. Fernández-Cadena, M. Fernandez, Lauren A. Rhodes, Gonzalo E. Sánchez
behavior with health campaigns. We examine Guayaquil, Ecuador which was hit particularly hard in the first few months of the pandemic. As lockdowns and social distancing led families to rely on others to secure food or medical assistance, perceptions on trust and the dynamics of social capital during the initial (and worst) months of the pandemic were particularly important. Methods: This paper uses a unique dataset of people receiving a COVID test after suspicion of infection. People in our dataset were active during the height of the pandemic and faced the possibility of needing to rely on others in the case of testing positive. We use regression analysis to study the relation between compliance with mobility restrictions and institutional and relational trust.Results: We find that trusting that close relations (such as family) will be there for you in the case of falling ill is associated with a significant increase in the probability of complying with health campaigns. Additionally, we find that trust in the government has a weak relationship to compliance. However, compliance decreases when examining increased trust in the police but increases with trust in the military.Conclusions: The findings show that enhancing trust may improve compliance with social distancing measures. However, increasing trust in specific groups could have negative consequences. Importantly, compliance could be increased by emphasizing in campaigns that your behavior could influence the health of those who you care about.
{"title":"I’ll be Good for Grandma: Institutional and Relational Trust and COVID-19 Restriction Compliance","authors":"D. Andrade-Molina, J. Fernández-Cadena, M. Fernandez, Lauren A. Rhodes, Gonzalo E. Sánchez","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-929565/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-929565/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 behavior with health campaigns. We examine Guayaquil, Ecuador which was hit particularly hard in the first few months of the pandemic. As lockdowns and social distancing led families to rely on others to secure food or medical assistance, perceptions on trust and the dynamics of social capital during the initial (and worst) months of the pandemic were particularly important. Methods: This paper uses a unique dataset of people receiving a COVID test after suspicion of infection. People in our dataset were active during the height of the pandemic and faced the possibility of needing to rely on others in the case of testing positive. We use regression analysis to study the relation between compliance with mobility restrictions and institutional and relational trust.Results: We find that trusting that close relations (such as family) will be there for you in the case of falling ill is associated with a significant increase in the probability of complying with health campaigns. Additionally, we find that trust in the government has a weak relationship to compliance. However, compliance decreases when examining increased trust in the police but increases with trust in the military.Conclusions: The findings show that enhancing trust may improve compliance with social distancing measures. However, increasing trust in specific groups could have negative consequences. Importantly, compliance could be increased by emphasizing in campaigns that your behavior could influence the health of those who you care about.","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128803205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Nexus Between Energy and Trade in South Asia: A Panel Analysis","authors":"A. Ahmed, S. Amin, C. Harvie, Rabindra Nepal","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123160447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current literature on public hospital efficiency in Australia only reveals information on how efficient public hospitals are in the short run. The presence of persistent technical inefficiency arising from long-term systemic problems and government-related regulatory constraints does not appear to have been addressed. Using yearly panel data for the period 2002-2018 on eight Australian states and territories, this study incorporates the measure of both transient and persistent technical inefficiency while controlling for unobserved heterogeneity to obtain a more precise measure of technical efficiency. The results of this study indicate that the technical inefficiency among public hospitals in Australia is persistent rather than transient based on state and territory level data. This implies that policymakers need to formulate comprehensive policies involving a longer time horizon that focuses on reducing the persistence in inefficiency among public hospitals in Australia. The study also calls on policymakers and regulators to disclose hospital-level data to researchers in order to gain further insight into the causes of persistence in inefficiency to formulate effective policies.
{"title":"Persistent and Transient Inefficiency of Australian States and Territories in Providing Public Hospital Services: An Application of Bayesian Stochastic Finite Mixture Frontier Analysis","authors":"Antony Andrews, O. Temoso, Sean Kimpton","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12310","url":null,"abstract":"Current literature on public hospital efficiency in Australia only reveals information on how efficient public hospitals are in the short run. The presence of persistent technical inefficiency arising from long-term systemic problems and government-related regulatory constraints does not appear to have been addressed. Using yearly panel data for the period 2002-2018 on eight Australian states and territories, this study incorporates the measure of both transient and persistent technical inefficiency while controlling for unobserved heterogeneity to obtain a more precise measure of technical efficiency. The results of this study indicate that the technical inefficiency among public hospitals in Australia is persistent rather than transient based on state and territory level data. This implies that policymakers need to formulate comprehensive policies involving a longer time horizon that focuses on reducing the persistence in inefficiency among public hospitals in Australia. The study also calls on policymakers and regulators to disclose hospital-level data to researchers in order to gain further insight into the causes of persistence in inefficiency to formulate effective policies.","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128213690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelling Asymmetry and Leverage in Cryptocurrencies and Emerging Financial Markets","authors":"Maurice Omane-Adjepong, I. Alagidede","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134357930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Solution to the Systemic Issues with the Australian Retirement System","authors":"John R. Evans, A. Razeed","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12306","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124907007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effective Marginal Tax or Benefit? The Medicare Levy and Australian Defence Personnel","authors":"Elizabeth Manning","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122936176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adoption of Blockchain Technology in the Australian Grains Trade: An Assessment of Potential Economic Effects","authors":"D. Gunasekera, E. Valenzuela","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12274","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131240141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fungibility of money is a characteristic which contributes to the quality of money. Fungibleness is itself related to the technical ability to associate a unit of currency with its past instances of exchange. This history is analogous to the identity of money. The identity of an individual unit of exchange is increasingly important as cash becomes less common, and banks require more information about the provenance of money. Private currencies, including Bitcoin and Libra, are themselves subject to tracking. The prior financial—and potentially political—activities of a user determine the fungibility of the currency they hold. Different money technologies provide varied levels of privacy, while cryptocurrencies offer users the potential to choose the level of information they share.
{"title":"The Identity, Fungibility and Anonymity of Money","authors":"Alastair Berg","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12273","url":null,"abstract":"The fungibility of money is a characteristic which contributes to the quality of money. Fungibleness is itself related to the technical ability to associate a unit of currency with its past instances of exchange. This history is analogous to the identity of money. The identity of an individual unit of exchange is increasingly important as cash becomes less common, and banks require more information about the provenance of money. Private currencies, including Bitcoin and Libra, are themselves subject to tracking. The prior financial—and potentially political—activities of a user determine the fungibility of the currency they hold. Different money technologies provide varied levels of privacy, while cryptocurrencies offer users the potential to choose the level of information they share.","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"321 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133925711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Section","authors":"A. Silva, Mikayla Novak","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"3 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128803731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modelling the Australian J‐Curve: An ARDL Cointegration Approach","authors":"Kris Ivanovski, Sefa Awaworyi Churchill, A. Nuhu","doi":"10.1111/1759-3441.12277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-3441.12277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340385,"journal":{"name":"Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy","volume":"62 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120996175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：