Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.3.1569
S. Adib
Breast cancer (BC) has recently surpassed lung canceras the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide,with an estimated 19.3 million new cases and almost 10 1 million deaths occurring in 2020. A steady ascension in BC incidence has been a remarkable feature in cancer epidemiology for almost a century, and has been reported in richer as well as poorer communities all over the world. This trend is no doubt associated with the ageing of the global population: “Each one-year increase of population ageing (is) associated with a nearly ½ year increase of age at BC diagnosis.
{"title":"Avenues for the Primary Prevention of Breast Cancer in the Second Millennium","authors":"S. Adib","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.3.1569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.3.1569","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer (BC) has recently surpassed lung canceras the most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide,with an estimated 19.3 million new cases and almost 10 1 million deaths occurring in 2020. A steady ascension in BC incidence has been a remarkable feature in cancer epidemiology for almost a century, and has been reported in richer as well as poorer communities all over the world. This trend is no doubt associated with the ageing of the global population: “Each one-year increase of population ageing (is) associated with a nearly ½ year increase of age at BC diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43929174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.3.1240
Hira Liyakat, Mashal Khan, Neelum Tahirkheli, Bader u Nisa, M. Ashfaq
{"title":"Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram of Neonatal Sepsis","authors":"Hira Liyakat, Mashal Khan, Neelum Tahirkheli, Bader u Nisa, M. Ashfaq","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.3.1240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.3.1240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45419416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-16DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.983
M. Younis
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is improving surgical practice with the technical advancement in imagery, navigation and robotic systems. Objectives: This review is aimed at assessing the role of artificial intelligence in surgical decision making during preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative periods to emphasize need of evidence-based protocols in this regard. Methods: The search strategy involving key terms pertaining to the concepts was utilized. In order to reach maximum sensitivity, a combination of the terms such as “Artificial intelligence”, “robotic surgery”, “surgical decision making”, “machine learning”, “deep learning” and “AI” were considered. Only articles that specifically discussed the role of artificial intelligence in surgical decision making were included. Results: Fifty five studies were retrieved with exclusion of forty six of them according to inclusion criteria. Thus, nine studies were included in the final review which were arranged in table to aid data review and analysis. Conclusion: The advancement of AI has turned modern medicine into a more effective and efficient practice to manage both acute and chronic illnesses. Important advances were made in pre-operative preparation, intra-operative support and post-operative care by using these approaches.
{"title":"Impact of Artificial Intelligence Integration on Surgical Outcome","authors":"M. Younis","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.983","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is improving surgical practice with the technical advancement in imagery, navigation and robotic systems. \u0000Objectives: This review is aimed at assessing the role of artificial intelligence in surgical decision making during preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative periods to emphasize need of evidence-based protocols in this regard. \u0000Methods: The search strategy involving key terms pertaining to the concepts was utilized. In order to reach maximum sensitivity, a combination of the terms such as “Artificial intelligence”, “robotic surgery”, “surgical decision making”, “machine learning”, “deep learning” and “AI” were considered. Only articles that specifically discussed the role of artificial intelligence in surgical decision making were included. \u0000Results: Fifty five studies were retrieved with exclusion of forty six of them according to inclusion criteria. Thus, nine studies were included in the final review which were arranged in table to aid data review and analysis. \u0000Conclusion: The advancement of AI has turned modern medicine into a more effective and efficient practice to manage both acute and chronic illnesses. Important advances were made in pre-operative preparation, intra-operative support and post-operative care by using these approaches.","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48537945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-15DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1212
Salar M. Khan
The COVID-19 outbreak spread globally on March 11, 2020 and WHO declared this disease as a pandemic. This outbreak was sudden and spread all over the world. At the time of writing this article still COVID -19 cases are increasing among several countries. This disease has serious public health implications not only increasing morbidity and mortality but has severe psychological trauma everyone is facing since the beginning of this outbreak. The COVID -19 vaccination started at the end of December 2019 in a few countries and now it is used in several countries and the majority of people got their one or both shots hoping to get control on this outbreak soon and life will resume as usual. In my view this outbreak created the atmosphere of uncertainty, fear, anxiety, and hopelessness throughout the whole world because millions of people around the globe were dead or still dying in various hospitals around the world. After vaccination people are getting confidence to move freely in the crowded places but still need more time to come out from COVID-19 psychological trauma....
{"title":"Burnout among Medical Professions during Outbreaks","authors":"Salar M. Khan","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1212","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 outbreak spread globally on March 11, 2020 and WHO declared this disease as a pandemic. This outbreak was sudden and spread all over the world. At the time of writing this article still COVID -19 cases are increasing among several countries. This disease has serious public health implications not only increasing morbidity and mortality but has severe psychological trauma everyone is facing since the beginning of this outbreak. The COVID -19 vaccination started at the end of December 2019 in a few countries and now it is used in several countries and the majority of people got their one or both shots hoping to get control on this outbreak soon and life will resume as usual. In my view this outbreak created the atmosphere of uncertainty, fear, anxiety, and hopelessness throughout the whole world because millions of people around the globe were dead or still dying in various hospitals around the world. After vaccination people are getting confidence to move freely in the crowded places but still need more time to come out from COVID-19 psychological trauma....","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41744667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1191
Nand Lal Seeran, Nasrullah Aamer, Muhammad Tariq Karim, S. Arain, Furqan Khan, A. Dahani
BACKGROUND: Thyroid dysfunctions frequently co-exist in patients with Autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Vasculitis. Presence of thyroid dysfunctions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis increase the co-morbidities and mortality some time because of cardiovascular complications. Objective This study was conducted to determine the burden of thyroid dysfunctions in rheumatoid arthritis patients attending tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at rheumatology clinic of a Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre in Karachi, Pakistan from April 2019 to January 2021. All diagnosed cases of rheumatoid arthritis having seronegative or seropositive rheumatoid arthritis were consecutively enrolled. Clinical records and laboratory data of these patients were collected along with outcome variables. RESULTS: Of 136 patients, thyroid abnormality was observed in 56 (41.2%) patients. In particular, 80 (58.8%) had normal, 8 (5.9%) had hypothyroidism, 14 (10.3%) had hyperthyroidism, 32 (10.5%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, and 2 (1.5%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism. A significantly lower hemoglobin levels (p-value <0.001), mean corpuscular volume (p-value 0.011), total leucocyte count (p-value 0.004), and platelet counts (p-value 0.040) were observed in patients with thyroid abnormality than those without thyroid abnormality. Furthermore, a significantly lower urea (p-value <0.001) and creatinine levels (p-value <0.001) were also observed among patients with thyroid abnormality than those without thyroid abnormality. CONCLUSION: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid dysfunction has been shown to be highly prevalent. Subclinical hypothyroidism, the most common thyroid disorder and obvious hyperthyroidism were observed.
{"title":"Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunctions in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis at Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Nand Lal Seeran, Nasrullah Aamer, Muhammad Tariq Karim, S. Arain, Furqan Khan, A. Dahani","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1191","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Thyroid dysfunctions frequently co-exist in patients with Autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and Vasculitis. Presence of thyroid dysfunctions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis increase the co-morbidities and mortality some time because of cardiovascular complications. \u0000Objective \u0000This study was conducted to determine the burden of thyroid dysfunctions in rheumatoid arthritis patients attending tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan. \u0000METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at rheumatology clinic of a Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre in Karachi, Pakistan from April 2019 to January 2021. All diagnosed cases of rheumatoid arthritis having seronegative or seropositive rheumatoid arthritis were consecutively enrolled. Clinical records and laboratory data of these patients were collected along with outcome variables. \u0000RESULTS: Of 136 patients, thyroid abnormality was observed in 56 (41.2%) patients. In particular, 80 (58.8%) had normal, 8 (5.9%) had hypothyroidism, 14 (10.3%) had hyperthyroidism, 32 (10.5%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, and 2 (1.5%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism. A significantly lower hemoglobin levels (p-value <0.001), mean corpuscular volume (p-value 0.011), total leucocyte count (p-value 0.004), and platelet counts (p-value 0.040) were observed in patients with thyroid abnormality than those without thyroid abnormality. Furthermore, a significantly lower urea (p-value <0.001) and creatinine levels (p-value <0.001) were also observed among patients with thyroid abnormality than those without thyroid abnormality. \u0000CONCLUSION: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, thyroid dysfunction has been shown to be highly prevalent. Subclinical hypothyroidism, the most common thyroid disorder and obvious hyperthyroidism were observed.","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44797408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1142
H. Usman
{"title":"Assessment of Dengue Fever Knowledge and Preventive Practices among the General Population of Jeddah","authors":"H. Usman","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49232840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1138
Maryam Sheikh, L. Baig, Zaeema Ahmer
Background Excessive mobile phone use is a health hazard among school going children. This study aimed to assess the change in knowledge and practices after providing awareness session on mobile phone usage to school-going adolescents. Methods Using a quasi-experimental design, we included 385 students, 13 to 16 years old using smartphones from three schools of Karachi, Pakistan. Convenience sampling was used to collect data through a structured questionnaire. Predictive factors of smartphone addiction were assessed, along with frequency of mobile phone use and its adverse effects on health. Analysis was done on SPSS 23. Results Before the session, 86% (n=331) students used their mobile phone to call their friends which reduced to 71.7% (n=276) (p<0.001). Average length of each call per day before was 5.68 minutes which declined to 4.92 minutes (p<0.001). Before the session, 28.1% (n=108) students thought that mobile phones have a negative health impact which increased to 84.9% (n=327) (p= 0.02). Furthermore, 50.1% (n=193) students believed that they are dependent on their mobile phone which decreased to 31.2% (n=120) (p<0.001). Conclusion We conclude that there are positive effects of awareness session on mobile phone use among adolescents. Conducting such sessions periodically among schools can lessen the usage and addiction of smartphones.
{"title":"The Dilemma of Mobile Phone Overuse: Findings from a Quasi-Experimental Study on a Cohort of Pakistani Adolescents","authors":"Maryam Sheikh, L. Baig, Zaeema Ahmer","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1138","url":null,"abstract":"Background Excessive mobile phone use is a health hazard among school going children. This study aimed to assess the change in knowledge and practices after providing awareness session on mobile phone usage to school-going adolescents. \u0000Methods Using a quasi-experimental design, we included 385 students, 13 to 16 years old using smartphones from three schools of Karachi, Pakistan. Convenience sampling was used to collect data through a structured questionnaire. Predictive factors of smartphone addiction were assessed, along with frequency of mobile phone use and its adverse effects on health. Analysis was done on SPSS 23. \u0000Results Before the session, 86% (n=331) students used their mobile phone to call their friends which reduced to 71.7% (n=276) (p<0.001). Average length of each call per day before was 5.68 minutes which declined to 4.92 minutes (p<0.001). Before the session, 28.1% (n=108) students thought that mobile phones have a negative health impact which increased to 84.9% (n=327) (p= 0.02). Furthermore, 50.1% (n=193) students believed that they are dependent on their mobile phone which decreased to 31.2% (n=120) (p<0.001). \u0000Conclusion We conclude that there are positive effects of awareness session on mobile phone use among adolescents. Conducting such sessions periodically among schools can lessen the usage and addiction of smartphones.","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47043748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1091
Y. Mallick, Ahsun Jiwani
Objectives: Authors aimed to investigate clinical patterns, characteristics and risk factors associated with pigmented purpuric dermatoses (PPD) in Pakistani population and to correlate the relationship of various suggested aetiologic agents with PPD in our population. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 65 patients was done who visited The Indus Hospital, Karachi between October 2017 to March 2020. Demographics, comorbids, body mass index (BMI), PPD type, clinical findings, laboratory parameters and ultrasonographic findings (USF) of both lower limbs for venous insufficiency were reviewed. Results: Mean age of patients was 42.6±13.9 years with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. Majority were housewives (40.3%). Schamberg’s disease was present in 64.6%. Obesity was present in 78.1%. Reflux in superficial venous system in 52.3% on ultrasonography, detectable dilated veins in 58.5% and presence of venous stasis in 30.8% PPD cases were found. Males were twice more commonly affected with varicosities. Hypertension (46.2%), diabetes (27.8%) and hyperlipidemia (18.5%) were most common comorbids. Statistically significant differences were detected between USF (p=0.01) and clinical varicosities (p=0.04) when Schamberg’s disease and other PPD were compared; while no association was found with respect to age, gender, occupation, BMI and type of comorbids in these two groups. Conclusion: Venous insufficiency, obesity, and comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were main cofactors linked with PPD in our population.
{"title":"Clinical Patterns and Risk Factors Associated With Pigmented Purpuric Dermatoses","authors":"Y. Mallick, Ahsun Jiwani","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1091","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Authors aimed to investigate clinical patterns, characteristics and risk factors associated with pigmented purpuric dermatoses (PPD) in Pakistani population and to correlate the relationship of various suggested aetiologic agents with PPD in our population. \u0000Methods: Retrospective analysis of 65 patients was done who visited The Indus Hospital, Karachi between October 2017 to March 2020. Demographics, comorbids, body mass index (BMI), PPD type, clinical findings, laboratory parameters and ultrasonographic findings (USF) of both lower limbs for venous insufficiency were reviewed. \u0000Results: Mean age of patients was 42.6±13.9 years with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. Majority were housewives (40.3%). Schamberg’s disease was present in 64.6%. Obesity was present in 78.1%. Reflux in superficial venous system in 52.3% on ultrasonography, detectable dilated veins in 58.5% and presence of venous stasis in 30.8% PPD cases were found. Males were twice more commonly affected with varicosities. Hypertension (46.2%), diabetes (27.8%) and hyperlipidemia (18.5%) were most common comorbids. Statistically significant differences were detected between USF (p=0.01) and clinical varicosities (p=0.04) when Schamberg’s disease and other PPD were compared; while no association was found with respect to age, gender, occupation, BMI and type of comorbids in these two groups. \u0000Conclusion: Venous insufficiency, obesity, and comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were main cofactors linked with PPD in our population.","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46654809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1173
N. Akhtar, S. Rath
The COVID-19 cases and the death toll are increasing with time so is the demand for healthcare. This critical situation demands a sufficient number of resources in all forms. This need in different parts of the world has led to an increase in demand for healthcare and medical equipment in different parts of the world which lead shortage of resources in some major parts of the world and scarcity. This paper talks about the current situation being faced by the healthcare system in India. The motive of this paper is to show a descriptive analysis of the current situation which would act as a situational guide for the policymakers. This paper has reviewed recent literature on the current Healthcare crises happening in India and tried to show the existing need for the healthcare system in the current scenario. The increasing COVID-19 cases are demanding more essential medical resource which is leading to scarcity. This paper is a detailed analysis of the current situation it also talks about various key components of the healthcare system, the current situation and focuses on managing or gaining control over the current scenario of COVID-19.
{"title":"COVID-19: A Burden on the Indian Healthcare System","authors":"N. Akhtar, S. Rath","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1173","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 cases and the death toll are increasing with time so is the demand for healthcare. This critical situation demands a sufficient number of resources in all forms. This need in different parts of the world has led to an increase in demand for healthcare and medical equipment in different parts of the world which lead shortage of resources in some major parts of the world and scarcity. This paper talks about the current situation being faced by the healthcare system in India. The motive of this paper is to show a descriptive analysis of the current situation which would act as a situational guide for the policymakers. This paper has reviewed recent literature on the current Healthcare crises happening in India and tried to show the existing need for the healthcare system in the current scenario. The increasing COVID-19 cases are demanding more essential medical resource which is leading to scarcity. This paper is a detailed analysis of the current situation it also talks about various key components of the healthcare system, the current situation and focuses on managing or gaining control over the current scenario of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46767867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1180
Shabeeta Bai, Rajesh Kumar, E. Rehman, Shahina Hanif, M. Ashfaq, Bader u Nisa
Objective To determine the complete coverage of childhood immunization in children under five years of age and to determine the reason of non-immunization in these children. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Creek General Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from 1st January 2019 to 30th July 2019. All children 1-5 years of age irrespective of age of either gender attending the out-patient department were consecutively enrolled. Immunization status was noted by taking history from parents/guardians and immunization card as well, if available. Reason of non-vaccination was also noted. Results Of 287 children, vaccination at birth was reported by 276 (96.2%), at 6 weeks by 264 (92%), at 10 weeks by 256 (89.2%), at 14 weeks by 241 (84%), at 9 months by 230 (80.1%), and at 15 months by 220 (76.7%). Significant association was observed in between concern about vaccine safety and religion (p-value 0.013), vaccine safety and household head (p-value 0.017), long distance and birthplace (p-value 0.001), lack of money and access to media (p-value 0.044), absence of personnel and household head (p-value 0.007), child sickness and child age (p-value 0.048), child sickness and mother’s age (p-value <0.001), forgetting the day of vaccination and mother’s age (p-value 0.001), forgetting the day of vaccination and mother’s education (p-value 0.021), and complications from previous injection and mother’s age (p-value 0.040). Conclusion The findings of the current study have revealed that complete vaccination in children under five years is still very low even in urban city of Pakistan.
{"title":"Complete Immunization and Reason for Non-Compliance among Childern Under Five Years of Age","authors":"Shabeeta Bai, Rajesh Kumar, E. Rehman, Shahina Hanif, M. Ashfaq, Bader u Nisa","doi":"10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36570/jduhs.2021.2.1180","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To determine the complete coverage of childhood immunization in children under five years of age and to determine the reason of non-immunization in these children. \u0000Methods \u0000This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Creek General Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from 1st January 2019 to 30th July 2019. All children 1-5 years of age irrespective of age of either gender attending the out-patient department were consecutively enrolled. Immunization status was noted by taking history from parents/guardians and immunization card as well, if available. Reason of non-vaccination was also noted. \u0000Results \u0000Of 287 children, vaccination at birth was reported by 276 (96.2%), at 6 weeks by 264 (92%), at 10 weeks by 256 (89.2%), at 14 weeks by 241 (84%), at 9 months by 230 (80.1%), and at 15 months by 220 (76.7%). Significant association was observed in between concern about vaccine safety and religion (p-value 0.013), vaccine safety and household head (p-value 0.017), long distance and birthplace (p-value 0.001), lack of money and access to media (p-value 0.044), absence of personnel and household head (p-value 0.007), child sickness and child age (p-value 0.048), child sickness and mother’s age (p-value <0.001), forgetting the day of vaccination and mother’s age (p-value 0.001), forgetting the day of vaccination and mother’s education (p-value 0.021), and complications from previous injection and mother’s age (p-value 0.040). \u0000Conclusion \u0000The findings of the current study have revealed that complete vaccination in children under five years is still very low even in urban city of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":34119,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49397178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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