Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27004
J. W. Vela Alvarado, Zoyla-Mirella Clavo, Noé Ramírez-Flores, Pablo Pedro Villegas Panduro, Carlos Saito Villanueva
En el presente estudio se cuantifican las reservas de carbono existentes en siete fragmentos del paisaje agropecuario: (1) el bosque primario altamente talado, (2) bosques secundarios de 5, (3) 10 y (4) 15 años procedentes de pasturas, (5) agroforestería de cacao, (6) pastizal de Brachiaria decumbens en producción y (7) pastizal de Brachiaria decumbens degradado; estos fragmentos son característicos de los fundos agropecuarios del departamento de Ucayali, Perú. El carbono almacenado (la suma total de la parte aérea y del suelo) en el Bosque Primario fue de 267.26 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 15 años 232.30 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 10 años, 162.1 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 5 años, 124.42 t/ha; en agroforestería con cacao, 108.82 t/ha; en pastizal de B. decumbens, 72.57 t/ha; y en pastizal de B. decumbens degradada, 60.47 t/ha. Se observaron diferencias significativas (p ≤ 0.0001) entre los valores de carbono almacenado de los siete fragmentos, (R2 = 0.51, y CV = 53.66%). La prueba de contrastes ortogonales mostró que el carbono almacenado en el fragmento de bosque primario superó significativamente al promedio de carbono de los demás fragmentos; mientras que, el carbono almacenado en los bosques secundarios superó significativamente al carbono almacenado en el fragmento de agroforestería de cacao. No se encontraron diferencias del carbono almacenado en ambas pasturas, tampoco entre los bosques secundarios de 10 y 15 años. El incremento del número de familias y especies en relación directa a la edad del bosque secundario seria evidencia de la recuperación de la diversidad botánica.
{"title":"Contribution of vegetation fragments to carbon storage in agricultural landscapes of the Peruvian Amazon","authors":"J. W. Vela Alvarado, Zoyla-Mirella Clavo, Noé Ramírez-Flores, Pablo Pedro Villegas Panduro, Carlos Saito Villanueva","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27004","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente estudio se cuantifican las reservas de carbono existentes en siete fragmentos del paisaje agropecuario: (1) el bosque primario altamente talado, (2) bosques secundarios de 5, (3) 10 y (4) 15 años procedentes de pasturas, (5) agroforestería de cacao, (6) pastizal de Brachiaria decumbens en producción y (7) pastizal de Brachiaria decumbens degradado; estos fragmentos son característicos de los fundos agropecuarios del departamento de Ucayali, Perú. El carbono almacenado (la suma total de la parte aérea y del suelo) en el Bosque Primario fue de 267.26 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 15 años 232.30 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 10 años, 162.1 t/ha; en Bosque Secundario de 5 años, 124.42 t/ha; en agroforestería con cacao, 108.82 t/ha; en pastizal de B. decumbens, 72.57 t/ha; y en pastizal de B. decumbens degradada, 60.47 t/ha. Se observaron diferencias significativas (p ≤ 0.0001) entre los valores de carbono almacenado de los siete fragmentos, (R2 = 0.51, y CV = 53.66%). La prueba de contrastes ortogonales mostró que el carbono almacenado en el fragmento de bosque primario superó significativamente al promedio de carbono de los demás fragmentos; mientras que, el carbono almacenado en los bosques secundarios superó significativamente al carbono almacenado en el fragmento de agroforestería de cacao. No se encontraron diferencias del carbono almacenado en ambas pasturas, tampoco entre los bosques secundarios de 10 y 15 años. El incremento del número de familias y especies en relación directa a la edad del bosque secundario seria evidencia de la recuperación de la diversidad botánica.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27218
Pamela E. Canales, Alondra I. Badillo, Ana A. Kitazono
Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast serves as a nutritional supplement and food additive that may offer highly bioavailable iron. Several studies have demonstrated the viability of using iron-chelating oligopeptides to treat anaemia, suggesting that their production in yeast cells could advantageously provide an easy-to-use supplement. In this study, an in vivo cloning strategy was optimized to construct a semi-random plasmid library that enables the production of oligopeptides with six repetitions of Asp/Glu-Asp/Glu-Leu sequences. In these sequences, the first and second positions can include either aspartate or glutamate residues, while the third is always leucine. Additionally, several plasmids were constructed to allow the study of variants of the Arg-Glu-Glu oligopeptide, previously reported as an iron chelator. In each case, the required plasmid constructions were performed using an in vivo cloning strategy in S. cerevisiae, based on gap repair by homologous recombination. The procedure involves the co-transformation of yeast cells with the linearized plasmid and the fragment to be cloned, both with homologous flanking sequences. The resulting transformants harbor the correctly assembled plasmids and begin expressing the cloned genes, thereby enabling immediate analysis of the synthesized oligopeptides with known or semi-random sequences.
酵母是一种营养补充剂和食品添加剂，可提供高生物利用率的铁。多项研究表明，使用铁螯合寡肽治疗贫血症是可行的，这表明在酵母细胞中生产铁螯合寡肽可提供一种易于使用的补充剂。本研究对体内克隆策略进行了优化，构建了一个半随机质粒文库，该文库能够生产出具有六个Asp/Glu-Asp/Glu-Leu重复序列的寡肽。在这些序列中，第一位和第二位可包括天冬氨酸或谷氨酸残基，而第三位始终是亮氨酸。此外，我们还构建了几种质粒，以便研究 Arg-Glu-Glu 寡肽的变体。在每种情况下，所需的质粒构建都是在 S. cerevisiae 中使用体内克隆策略进行的，该策略基于同源重组的间隙修复。这一过程包括用线性化质粒和待克隆片段（两者都有同源侧翼序列）共同转化酵母细胞。产生的转化子携带正确组装的质粒，并开始表达克隆的基因，从而可以立即分析合成的具有已知或半随机序列的寡肽。
{"title":"Construcción de plásmidos mediante clonación in vivo para la búsqueda y caracterización de oligopéptidos quelantes de hierro en Saccharomyces cerevisiae","authors":"Pamela E. Canales, Alondra I. Badillo, Ana A. Kitazono","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27218","url":null,"abstract":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast serves as a nutritional supplement and food additive that may offer highly bioavailable iron. Several studies have demonstrated the viability of using iron-chelating oligopeptides to treat anaemia, suggesting that their production in yeast cells could advantageously provide an easy-to-use supplement. In this study, an in vivo cloning strategy was optimized to construct a semi-random plasmid library that enables the production of oligopeptides with six repetitions of Asp/Glu-Asp/Glu-Leu sequences. In these sequences, the first and second positions can include either aspartate or glutamate residues, while the third is always leucine. Additionally, several plasmids were constructed to allow the study of variants of the Arg-Glu-Glu oligopeptide, previously reported as an iron chelator. In each case, the required plasmid constructions were performed using an in vivo cloning strategy in S. cerevisiae, based on gap repair by homologous recombination. The procedure involves the co-transformation of yeast cells with the linearized plasmid and the fragment to be cloned, both with homologous flanking sequences. The resulting transformants harbor the correctly assembled plasmids and begin expressing the cloned genes, thereby enabling immediate analysis of the synthesized oligopeptides with known or semi-random sequences.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"18 S21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26571
A. M. Humaña, Carlos E. Valdivia
Neltuma alba is a tree whose seeds were probably dispersed by now-extinct animals. Currently, its fruits are consumed by foxes, guanacos, donkeys, and goats, which may scarify the seeds during ingestion, thereby enhancing germination. However, these animals might damage the cotyledons when chewing the fruits, potentially reducing the survival and growth of the plants, although this occurs infrequently. We hypothesize that mechanical scarification of seeds increases their germination but does not affect the survival and growth of the plants. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of mechanical scarification on seed germination and subsequent plant survival. We scarified the seeds by sanding them before sowing them in a nursery with daily watering for six months. Subsequently, the plants were transplanted to the field, where they received daily watering for six months, biweekly watering for the next twelve months, and no watering for the following two years. Seed scarification significantly increased germination by 1.5 times: 58 and 39% germination in scarified and non-scarified seeds, respectively. Scarification did not significantly affect plant survival. Survival rates were 93, 67, 67, and 26% at the end of the first, second, third, and fourth years, respectively. Similarly, scarification did not significantly affect plant height, with plants reaching heights of 28, 59, 74, and 118 cm in the first, second, third, and fourth years, respectively. Understanding the limiting factors for the reproduction of endangered plants in the Atacama Desert is crucial for proposing effective conservation actions.
{"title":"Mechanical scarification increases seed germination of Neltuma alba (Fabaceae), a threatened tree from the Atacama Desert","authors":"A. M. Humaña, Carlos E. Valdivia","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26571","url":null,"abstract":"Neltuma alba is a tree whose seeds were probably dispersed by now-extinct animals. Currently, its fruits are consumed by foxes, guanacos, donkeys, and goats, which may scarify the seeds during ingestion, thereby enhancing germination. However, these animals might damage the cotyledons when chewing the fruits, potentially reducing the survival and growth of the plants, although this occurs infrequently. We hypothesize that mechanical scarification of seeds increases their germination but does not affect the survival and growth of the plants. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of mechanical scarification on seed germination and subsequent plant survival. We scarified the seeds by sanding them before sowing them in a nursery with daily watering for six months. Subsequently, the plants were transplanted to the field, where they received daily watering for six months, biweekly watering for the next twelve months, and no watering for the following two years. Seed scarification significantly increased germination by 1.5 times: 58 and 39% germination in scarified and non-scarified seeds, respectively. Scarification did not significantly affect plant survival. Survival rates were 93, 67, 67, and 26% at the end of the first, second, third, and fourth years, respectively. Similarly, scarification did not significantly affect plant height, with plants reaching heights of 28, 59, 74, and 118 cm in the first, second, third, and fourth years, respectively. Understanding the limiting factors for the reproduction of endangered plants in the Atacama Desert is crucial for proposing effective conservation actions.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"26 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141693452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27481
Héctor Cadena-Ortiz, Jorge Humbser, Paul Molina Abril
We report six new cases of wild birds with chromatic aberration from four provinces of Ecuador. The photographic records come from opportunistic observations. This is the first record of aberrant plumage for Anas bahamensis, Florisuga mellivora, Opisthocomus hoazín, Dendrocincla fuliginosa y Asemospiza obscura; while cases of aberrant individuals are added in Turdus fuscater. The case of F. mellivora is the most relevant due to its rarity and evidence of coloration patterns in the species. We highlight the importance of documenting and publishing the encounter of these events.
{"title":"New records of birds with color alterations from Ecuador","authors":"Héctor Cadena-Ortiz, Jorge Humbser, Paul Molina Abril","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.27481","url":null,"abstract":"We report six new cases of wild birds with chromatic aberration from four provinces of Ecuador. The photographic records come from opportunistic observations. This is the first record of aberrant plumage for Anas bahamensis, Florisuga mellivora, Opisthocomus hoazín, Dendrocincla fuliginosa y Asemospiza obscura; while cases of aberrant individuals are added in Turdus fuscater. The case of F. mellivora is the most relevant due to its rarity and evidence of coloration patterns in the species. We highlight the importance of documenting and publishing the encounter of these events.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"29 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, a population viability analysis (PVA) is conducted on the population of Rhea pennata, a bird categorized as Critically Endangered (CR), with an estimated population size of 350 individuals in Peru. The data were analyzed using VORTEX 9.6 software, and eight scenarios and combinations were modeled to determine the annual population growth rate under the influence of anthropogenic, demographic, environmental, and genetic factors. The results indicate that the Rhea pennata population is not viable, with a negative population growth rate (r= −0.11), meaning the population decreases by 11% per year. A combined effect of anthropogenic factors, such as egg collection, genetic factors like inbreeding, and environmental factors such as intense snowfalls, further reduces the growth rate (r= −0.18). In this scenario, the probability of extinction occurs in approximately 50 years. The effect of inbreeding in an adult population of 50 individuals in a fragmented habitat would lead to extinction in approximately 25 to 30 years. The only scenario where the population is viable in the long term involves repopulation, requiring the release of 38 population groups over a period of 15 years in an area of approximately 27000 km2, which must be under some conservation measure, such as protected natural areas or other area-based conservation measures.
{"title":"Analysis of the population viability of Rhea pennata in Peru","authors":"Willy Maldonado Chambi, Diana Felicitas Beltrán Farfán","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.25767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.25767","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a population viability analysis (PVA) is conducted on the population of Rhea pennata, a bird categorized as Critically Endangered (CR), with an estimated population size of 350 individuals in Peru. The data were analyzed using VORTEX 9.6 software, and eight scenarios and combinations were modeled to determine the annual population growth rate under the influence of anthropogenic, demographic, environmental, and genetic factors. The results indicate that the Rhea pennata population is not viable, with a negative population growth rate (r= −0.11), meaning the population decreases by 11% per year. A combined effect of anthropogenic factors, such as egg collection, genetic factors like inbreeding, and environmental factors such as intense snowfalls, further reduces the growth rate (r= −0.18). In this scenario, the probability of extinction occurs in approximately 50 years. The effect of inbreeding in an adult population of 50 individuals in a fragmented habitat would lead to extinction in approximately 25 to 30 years. The only scenario where the population is viable in the long term involves repopulation, requiring the release of 38 population groups over a period of 15 years in an area of approximately 27000 km2, which must be under some conservation measure, such as protected natural areas or other area-based conservation measures.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27299
Maria Perez Chapoñan, Jose Ayasta Varona, Ana Juarez Chunga
A total of four species of Cyperaceae in the genus Rhynchospora (Rhynchosporeae) and five of Carex (Cariceae) are reported for the first time as members of the flora of the department of Lambayeque, in the northeast of the Peruvian territory, occupying the Andean ecoregions of Northwest Montane Rainforests (BPMN), Jalca, and Desert Shrub-Dry Forest transition (MD-BS). The distribution of the species and presence in herbaria are also discussed.
{"title":"Rhynchospora y Carex (Cyperaceae) en los Andes de Lambayeque, Perú","authors":"Maria Perez Chapoñan, Jose Ayasta Varona, Ana Juarez Chunga","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27299","url":null,"abstract":"A total of four species of Cyperaceae in the genus Rhynchospora (Rhynchosporeae) and five of Carex (Cariceae) are reported for the first time as members of the flora of the department of Lambayeque, in the northeast of the Peruvian territory, occupying the Andean ecoregions of Northwest Montane Rainforests (BPMN), Jalca, and Desert Shrub-Dry Forest transition (MD-BS). The distribution of the species and presence in herbaria are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26220
R. Cambra, Kevin A. Williams, Ramon L. Ramos, Pedro R. Bartholomay, Matheus E. Trindade-Santos, F. Oliveira
Se revisan las especies anteriormente incluidas en el grupo de especies de Pertyella camposseabrai. Las siguientes dos especies se transfieren del género Mutilla a Pertyella: P. angulosa (Burmeister, 1854) combinación nueva y P. carinigena (Cresson, 1902) combinación nueva. Se proponen las siguientes sinonimias nuevas: P. mayri (Kohl, 1882); P. paulista Casal, 1964; P. viuva Casal, 1964; P. itinga Casal, 1964; P. camposseabrai Casal, 1964; P. uzai Fritz, 1990 y P. diasi Fritz, 1990 son jr. sinónimos de P. angulosa; P. lenti Casal, 1964 es un jr. sinónimo de P. carinigena; P. aguaz Fritz, 1990 es un jr. sinónimo de P. cordoi Fritz, 1990. Se describe una especie nueva en este grupo, Pertyella quirosae sp. nov.. La mayoría de los caracteres que se usaban anteriormente para definir este grupo de especies no son consistentes o exclusivos del grupo. En virtud de que se cambiaron las características de diagnóstico y las especies componentes de este grupo de especies, y debido a que en este momento se dispone de un nombre más antiguo, ahora se denomina especies del grupo P. angulosa. Las hembras de este grupo pueden ser reconocidas por tener el mesosoma con franjas laterales de densas setas plateadas o blanquecinas. Se proporciona una clave para las especies del grupo P. angulosa y nuevos registros de distribución. Publicación registrada en Zoobank/ZooBank article registered:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AAB6E4E0-812C-4AC6-B738-88F38514DB24Acto nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Pertyella quirosae Cambra & Williams, 2024LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C9050F6F-FABB-4FF3-AE58-D1DA5EA63310
修订了以前包括在 Pertyella camposseabrai 物种组中的物种。angulosa (Burmeister, 1854) 新组合和 P. carinigena (Cresson, 1902) 新组合。P. mayri (Kohl, 1882); P. paulista Casal, 1964; P. viuva Casal, 1964; P. itinga Casal, 1964; P. camposseabrai Casal, 1964; P. uzai Fritz, 1990 and P. diasi Fritz, 1990 are new synonymies.diasi Fritz, 1990 是 P. angulosa 的异名；P. lenti Casal, 1964 是 P. carinigena 的异名；P. aguaz Fritz, 1990 是 P. cordoi Fritz, 1990 的异名。描述了该类中的一个新种 Pertyella quirosae sp.以前用于定义该物种组的大多数特征并不一致，也不是该物种组独有的特征。由于该物种组的诊断特征和组成物种发生了变化，而且现在有了一个更早的名称，因此现在将其称为 P. angulosa 组中的物种。这一组的雌性可以通过中体长有密集的银色或白色刚毛的侧条来识别。提供了 P. angulosa 组物种的检索表和新的分布记录。在 Zoobank/ZooBank 中登记的文章登记：LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AAB6E4E0-812C-4AC6-B738-88F38514DB24 命名法/命名法行为：Pertyella quirosae Cambra & Williams, 2024LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C9050F6F-FABB-4FF3-AE58-D1DA5EA63310
{"title":"Notas taxonómicas sobre Pertyella Mickel, 1952 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae):","authors":"R. Cambra, Kevin A. Williams, Ramon L. Ramos, Pedro R. Bartholomay, Matheus E. Trindade-Santos, F. Oliveira","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26220","url":null,"abstract":"Se revisan las especies anteriormente incluidas en el grupo de especies de Pertyella camposseabrai. Las siguientes dos especies se transfieren del género Mutilla a Pertyella: P. angulosa (Burmeister, 1854) combinación nueva y P. carinigena (Cresson, 1902) combinación nueva. Se proponen las siguientes sinonimias nuevas: P. mayri (Kohl, 1882); P. paulista Casal, 1964; P. viuva Casal, 1964; P. itinga Casal, 1964; P. camposseabrai Casal, 1964; P. uzai Fritz, 1990 y P. diasi Fritz, 1990 son jr. sinónimos de P. angulosa; P. lenti Casal, 1964 es un jr. sinónimo de P. carinigena; P. aguaz Fritz, 1990 es un jr. sinónimo de P. cordoi Fritz, 1990. Se describe una especie nueva en este grupo, Pertyella quirosae sp. nov.. La mayoría de los caracteres que se usaban anteriormente para definir este grupo de especies no son consistentes o exclusivos del grupo. En virtud de que se cambiaron las características de diagnóstico y las especies componentes de este grupo de especies, y debido a que en este momento se dispone de un nombre más antiguo, ahora se denomina especies del grupo P. angulosa. Las hembras de este grupo pueden ser reconocidas por tener el mesosoma con franjas laterales de densas setas plateadas o blanquecinas. Se proporciona una clave para las especies del grupo P. angulosa y nuevos registros de distribución.\u0000Publicación registrada en Zoobank/ZooBank article registered:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AAB6E4E0-812C-4AC6-B738-88F38514DB24Acto nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Pertyella quirosae Cambra & Williams, 2024LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C9050F6F-FABB-4FF3-AE58-D1DA5EA63310","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"622 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26750
Stefania León-Parrales, Taryn Ghia, Jaime Salas, Andrea Narvaez
Las alteraciones del paisaje pueden afectar los ensambles de escarabajos donde las especies sensibles pueden desaparecer y las poblaciones de especies altamente adaptadas pueden aumentar. Se evaluó la diversidad de escarabajos en un bosque restaurado y tierras de cultivo del bosque seco tropical de Ecuador. Se realizó trampas de caída y recolección manual en tres sitios; dos sitios con tierras de cultivo y un sitio con remanente de bosque secundario. Se usaron cuatro tipos de cebo para atraer escarabajos que se alimentaban de diferentes recursos para lograr una evaluación preliminar adecuada del ensamble de escarabajos. Este estudio es la primera aproximación a la caracterización de la comunidad de coleópteros en el bosque seco tropical de Manabí. Reportamos 64 morfoespecies asociadas con tierras productivas y bosques fragmentados y destacamos la presencia de algunos géneros resilientes como Canthon, Canthidium, Deltochilum y Euspilotus que se han adaptado con éxito a ecosistemas perturbados; por otro lado, Phyllophaga y Diabrotica también fueron detectados principalmente en el paisaje de cultivos. En general, presentamos una línea de base de la composición de escarabajos en un bosque secundario y tierras de cultivo, y brindamos información relevante para una evaluación adicional del cambio de uso del suelo en la región.
{"title":"Evaluación preliminar de la diversidad de escarabajos en un paisaje fragmentado del bosque seco tropical ecuatoriano","authors":"Stefania León-Parrales, Taryn Ghia, Jaime Salas, Andrea Narvaez","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i2.26750","url":null,"abstract":"Las alteraciones del paisaje pueden afectar los ensambles de escarabajos donde las especies sensibles pueden desaparecer y las poblaciones de especies altamente adaptadas pueden aumentar. Se evaluó la diversidad de escarabajos en un bosque restaurado y tierras de cultivo del bosque seco tropical de Ecuador. Se realizó trampas de caída y recolección manual en tres sitios; dos sitios con tierras de cultivo y un sitio con remanente de bosque secundario. Se usaron cuatro tipos de cebo para atraer escarabajos que se alimentaban de diferentes recursos para lograr una evaluación preliminar adecuada del ensamble de escarabajos. Este estudio es la primera aproximación a la caracterización de la comunidad de coleópteros en el bosque seco tropical de Manabí. Reportamos 64 morfoespecies asociadas con tierras productivas y bosques fragmentados y destacamos la presencia de algunos géneros resilientes como Canthon, Canthidium, Deltochilum y Euspilotus que se han adaptado con éxito a ecosistemas perturbados; por otro lado, Phyllophaga y Diabrotica también fueron detectados principalmente en el paisaje de cultivos. En general, presentamos una línea de base de la composición de escarabajos en un bosque secundario y tierras de cultivo, y brindamos información relevante para una evaluación adicional del cambio de uso del suelo en la región.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"24 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141717126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27491
Haydee Temoche, Betty Shiga, R. Ramírez
En el presente estudio se describe la histología del talón y del saco glandular anexo (SGA) del sistema reproductor de cinco especies de Megalobulimus (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Strophocheilidae). Para ello, se utilizó la técnica de coloración de Hematoxilina-Eosina. Se encontró que el talón es una estructura muscular compacta que alberga la bolsa de fertilización, una estructura tubular revestida por un epitelio cilíndrico ciliado replegado, en cuyo extremo proximal se conecta el conducto hermafrodita. Este conducto termina en la cámara de fertilización, desde donde parten los túbulos de la espermateca, los cuales se ramifican hasta su extremo ciego y almacenan espermatozoides exógenos. En los túbulos se observaron espermatozoides, en su mayoría con las cabezas fijadas en las células epiteliales ciliadas y las colas libres en el lumen. La pared del SGA presenta una capa externa de músculo liso y, recubriendo el lumen, un epitelio cilíndrico glandular no ciliado con distintos grados de plegamiento y células mucosas subepiteliales. Las secreciones de estas células desembocan en el conducto colector cerca de la base del talón. Lejos de la glándula de la albúmina se observó una sustancia similar junto con espermatozoides exógenos en los túbulos de la espermateca. Se identificaron diferencias entre las especies, destacándose como característica filogenéticamente relevante la diferenciación del talón, la cual fue más pronunciada en M. capillaceus en comparación con las otras cuatro especies estudiadas (M. popelairianus, M. carrikeri, M. leucostoma y M. maximus).
本研究描述了五种巨蜥（腹足纲，石龙子目，石龙子科）生殖系统的跟部和附件腺囊（AGS）的组织学特征。为此，研究人员采用了血红素-伊红染色技术。研究发现，跟部是一个紧凑的肌肉结构，内有受精袋，受精袋是一个管状结构，内衬纤毛纤毛上皮，在其近端连接雌雄同体导管。该管道的末端是受精室，精巢的小管从受精室的盲端分支出来，储存外源精子。在小管内观察到的精子，大多头部附着在纤毛上皮细胞上，尾部游离在管腔内。GAS 管壁的外层是平滑肌，管腔内是无纤毛的腺纤毛柱状上皮，上皮下有不同程度的褶皱和粘液细胞。这些细胞的分泌物排入脚跟基部附近的集合管。在远离白蛋白腺的精巢小管内，观察到类似物质和外源精子。发现了不同物种之间的差异，其中与系统发育最相关的特征是跟部的分化，与研究的其他四个物种（M. popelairianus、M. carrikeri、M. leucostoma 和 M. maximus）相比，M. capillaceus 的跟部分化更为明显。
{"title":"Estudio histológico del talón y saco glandular anexo de Megalobulimus (Gastropoda, Strophocheilidae)","authors":"Haydee Temoche, Betty Shiga, R. Ramírez","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v17i3.27491","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente estudio se describe la histología del talón y del saco glandular anexo (SGA) del sistema reproductor de cinco especies de Megalobulimus (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Strophocheilidae). Para ello, se utilizó la técnica de coloración de Hematoxilina-Eosina. Se encontró que el talón es una estructura muscular compacta que alberga la bolsa de fertilización, una estructura tubular revestida por un epitelio cilíndrico ciliado replegado, en cuyo extremo proximal se conecta el conducto hermafrodita. Este conducto termina en la cámara de fertilización, desde donde parten los túbulos de la espermateca, los cuales se ramifican hasta su extremo ciego y almacenan espermatozoides exógenos. En los túbulos se observaron espermatozoides, en su mayoría con las cabezas fijadas en las células epiteliales ciliadas y las colas libres en el lumen. La pared del SGA presenta una capa externa de músculo liso y, recubriendo el lumen, un epitelio cilíndrico glandular no ciliado con distintos grados de plegamiento y células mucosas subepiteliales. Las secreciones de estas células desembocan en el conducto colector cerca de la base del talón. Lejos de la glándula de la albúmina se observó una sustancia similar junto con espermatozoides exógenos en los túbulos de la espermateca. Se identificaron diferencias entre las especies, destacándose como característica filogenéticamente relevante la diferenciación del talón, la cual fue más pronunciada en M. capillaceus en comparación con las otras cuatro especies estudiadas (M. popelairianus, M. carrikeri, M. leucostoma y M. maximus).","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.15381/rpb.v31i1.26205
Soledad Rivera, Blanca León, Mónica Arakaki
In its most recent concept, the genus Cheilanthes encompasses three clades distributed across South America, Africa, and Australasia. Previous studies in Peru recorded 23 species; however, advancements in molecular systematic have led to the segregation of eight of them into at least three genera. In this study, 15 species are recognized in the Peruvian flora based on the examination of 459 herbarium and field specimens, and the evaluation of morphological characters using 131 specimens. The affinities among the lineages proposed in this study are consistent with recent phylogenetic hypotheses, wherein Cheilanthes species in Peru are members of two clades, the South American and the Australasian-South American, with taxonomically important characters being the shape of rhizomatous scales and types of frond indumentum (scales, microscales, scuamules, and hairs). We found that the genus Cheilanthes is present in 20 departments of Peru, with most species having wide distribution in the central-southern Andean regions, four species having endemic status. Meanwhile, C. cantangensis, C. lonchophylla, and C. obducta are poorly represented in the northern region. The first two species are considered endemic and categorized as Endangered (EN), while the other two are classified as Least Concern (LC). Additionally, a taxonomic key is provided.
{"title":"Taxonomic updates of Cheilanthes Sw. (Pteridaceae) in Peru, with a conservation assessment for four endemics","authors":"Soledad Rivera, Blanca León, Mónica Arakaki","doi":"10.15381/rpb.v31i1.26205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v31i1.26205","url":null,"abstract":"In its most recent concept, the genus Cheilanthes encompasses three clades distributed across South America, Africa, and Australasia. Previous studies in Peru recorded 23 species; however, advancements in molecular systematic have led to the segregation of eight of them into at least three genera. In this study, 15 species are recognized in the Peruvian flora based on the examination of 459 herbarium and field specimens, and the evaluation of morphological characters using 131 specimens. The affinities among the lineages proposed in this study are consistent with recent phylogenetic hypotheses, wherein Cheilanthes species in Peru are members of two clades, the South American and the Australasian-South American, with taxonomically important characters being the shape of rhizomatous scales and types of frond indumentum (scales, microscales, scuamules, and hairs). We found that the genus Cheilanthes is present in 20 departments of Peru, with most species having wide distribution in the central-southern Andean regions, four species having endemic status. Meanwhile, C. cantangensis, C. lonchophylla, and C. obducta are poorly represented in the northern region. The first two species are considered endemic and categorized as Endangered (EN), while the other two are classified as Least Concern (LC). Additionally, a taxonomic key is provided.","PeriodicalId":342845,"journal":{"name":"Revista Peruana de Biología","volume":"118 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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