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Quarterly Economic Commentary, Spring 2020 季度经济评论,2020 年春季
Pub Date : 2020-03-26 DOI: 10.26504/qec2020spr
K. McQuinn, Conor O'Toole, Matthew Allen-Coghlan, C. Coffey
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引用次数: 0
Quarterly Economic Commentary, Summer 2019 《季度经济评论》,2019年夏季
Pub Date : 2019-06-20 DOI: 10.26504/QEC2019SUM
K. McQuinn, C. O’Toole, Matthew Allen Coghlan, P. Economides
While a number of international concerns continue to cast a shadow on the domestic economy, both taxation receipts and labour market indicators suggest that the Irish economy continues to perform strongly in 2019. Output is still forecast to grow by 4.0 per cent in 2019 before moderating somewhat at 3.2 per cent in 2020. Unemployment is set to fall to 4.5 per cent by the end of the present year and to 4.1 per cent at the end of the next year. All forecasts, unless otherwise stated, maintain the Commentary’s baseline assumption that the trading status of the United Kingdom remains equivalent to that of a full European Union Member State.
尽管一些国际问题继续给国内经济蒙上阴影,但税收收入和劳动力市场指标都表明,爱尔兰经济在2019年继续表现强劲。预计2019年产出仍将增长4.0%,然后在2020年略微放缓至3.2%。到今年底,失业率将降至4.5%,到明年年底将降至4.1%。除非另有说明,否则所有预测均维持《评论》的基线假设,即英国的贸易地位仍相当于一个完整的欧盟成员国。
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引用次数: 12
Quarterly Economic Commentary, Winter 2020 《季度经济评论》,2020年冬季
Pub Date : 2018-12-12 DOI: 10.26504/qec2018win
K. McQuinn, C. O’Toole, Matthew Allen-Coghlan, C. Coffey
Since the last Commentary, expectations for global economic activity have been scaled back once more. The outcome for 2012 is likely to be slightly more muted than had been expected, while any improvement in 2013 also looks set to be more subdued than previously thought. There are some signs that there could be a slight pick-up in growth in 2014. A resumption of trend growth in the eurozone would lead to an upward revision to Irish export growth forecasts, higher levels of GNP and GDP, an improvement in the public finances and a more speedy resolution of the public finances crisis.
自上次评论以来,对全球经济活动的预期再次下调。2012年的结果可能会比预期的略弱一些,而2013年的任何改善看起来也将比此前预期的更弱。有迹象表明,2014年的经济增长可能会略有回升。欧元区恢复趋势增长,将导致对爱尔兰出口增长预测的上调、国民生产总值(GNP)和GDP水平的提高、公共财政状况的改善,以及公共财政危机的更快解决。
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引用次数: 9
Quarterly Economic Commentary, Autumn 2018 《经济评论季刊》,2018年秋季
Pub Date : 2018-09-26 DOI: 10.26504/QEC2018AUT
K. McQuinn, Conor O'Toole, P. Economides
The Irish economy continues to perform significantly better than most OECD economies and is once again likely to register the fastest growth rate in the Euro Area in 2018. Indeed in the present Commentary we have revised up our forecast for GDP from 4.7 per cent to 8.9 per cent in 2018. Our forecast for 2019 has also been revised upwards to 4.5 per cent. In preparing forecasts for 2019, we assume that a European Economic Agreement (EEA) will exist between the UK and the EU after March 2019.
爱尔兰经济表现继续明显好于大多数经合组织经济体,2018年有可能再次成为欧元区增长最快的国家。事实上,在本期评论中,我们已将2018年中国GDP增长预测从4.7%上调至8.9%。我们对2019年的预测也被上调至4.5%。在准备2019年的预测时,我们假设2019年3月之后英国和欧盟之间将存在欧洲经济协定(EEA)。
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引用次数: 5
Quarterly Economic Commentary, Summer 2018 《经济评论季刊》,2018年夏季
Pub Date : 2018-06-19 DOI: 10.26504/qec2018sum
K. McQuinn, Conor O'Toole, P. Economides, Teresa Monteiro
Tax treatments of pensions vary widely across countries. This paper examines the current tax treatment of pension contributions in Ireland and some widely discussed alternatives, including equalising the tax relief available to low and high earners. The analysis takes into account both explicit contributions in the private sector, and the implicit value of publicly funded pensions. INTRODUCTION Most OECD countries are facing the ‘twin challenge of ensuring both the adequacy and financial sustainability’ of their pension systems (OECD, 2014). Ageing populations, falling fertility rates and stagnating employment levels mean that funding the income of the elderly by using taxes paid by the working age population is becoming more and more difficult. Similar pressures affect Ireland although its relatively high fertility rate does afford some advantage compared to many European countries. Calls for reform of both public and private pension systems in Ireland have been frequent over the last decades and have come from many sources. The OECD, while acknowledging that Ireland is better positioned than many countries, recommends that Ireland ‘continue to adapt and fine-tune its pension system so that it can provide affordable and adequate benefits to Irish retirees in the long term’. Collins and Hughes (2017) also call for reform of the pension system, questioning the effectiveness of the current set of policy instruments focused on getting people to save for their retirement. Reform of State pension entitlement is already under way. The retirement age has increased from 65 to 66, and further increases – to 67 in 2021 and 68 in 2028 – have been announced and passed in legislation. 1 This paper represents a development of work initially conducted for the Pensions Council. We thank the Council for initiating this project, and Council members Helen McDonald and Shane Whelan for helpful comments. We thank Gerry Reilly and the SILC team at the CSO for access to SILC data on which the SWITCH tax-benefit model is based. * Karina Doorley is Research Officer at the Economic and Social Research Institute, Research Fellow at the Institute of Labor Economics and Adjunct Lecturer at Trinity College Dublin. Tim Callan is Research Professor at the Economic and Social Research Institute, Research Fellow at the Institute of Labor Economics and Adjunct Professor at Trinity College Dublin. Mark Regan is Research Assistant and John Walsh is Senior Research Analyst at the Economic and Social Research Institute. https://doi.org/10.26504/qec2018sum_sa_doorley 70 | Q uar t er ly Eco nomi c C omme nt ary – S um me r 2 01 8 State pensions in Ireland are not earnings related. As a result, the attainment of adequate replacement of employment income depends, for those on middle and higher incomes, on being supplemented by private pensions. Policy instruments which can encourage such private sector provision include both tax incentives and, potentially, legislative provisions regardin
各国对养老金的税收待遇差别很大。本文研究了爱尔兰目前对养老金缴款的税收处理以及一些广泛讨论的替代方案,包括使低收入者和高收入者的税收减免平等。该分析既考虑了私营部门的显性贡献,也考虑了公共资助养老金的隐性价值。大多数经合组织国家都面临着“确保养老金制度充足性和财务可持续性的双重挑战”(OECD, 2014)。人口老龄化、生育率下降和就业水平停滞不前意味着,利用劳动年龄人口缴纳的税款来为老年人的收入提供资金正变得越来越困难。类似的压力也影响着爱尔兰,尽管其相对较高的生育率与许多欧洲国家相比确实有一些优势。在过去的几十年里,要求改革爱尔兰公共和私人养老金制度的呼声一直很频繁,而且来自许多方面。经合组织虽然承认爱尔兰比许多国家处于更好的位置,但建议爱尔兰“继续调整和微调其养老金制度,以便能够长期为爱尔兰退休人员提供负担得起的充足福利”。Collins和Hughes(2017)还呼吁改革养老金制度,质疑当前一套专注于让人们为退休储蓄的政策工具的有效性。国家养老金权利的改革已经在进行中。退休年龄已从65岁提高到66岁,并进一步提高——2021年提高到67岁,2028年提高到68岁——已宣布并通过立法。本文代表了最初为养恤金理事会进行的工作的发展。我们感谢理事会发起这个项目,并感谢理事会成员Helen McDonald和Shane Whelan提供的有益意见。我们感谢Gerry Reilly和CSO的SILC团队访问了SWITCH税收-利益模型所基于的SILC数据。* Karina Doorley是经济和社会研究所的研究员,劳动经济研究所的研究员,都柏林三一学院的兼职讲师。蒂姆·卡兰是经济与社会研究所的研究教授,劳动经济研究所的研究员,都柏林三一学院的兼职教授。马克·里根是经济与社会研究所的研究助理,约翰·沃尔什是高级研究分析师。https://doi.org/10.26504/qec2018sum_sa_doorley 70 | Q:在爱尔兰,国家养老金与收入无关。因此,对于中等收入和较高收入的人来说,实现充分替代就业收入取决于私人养恤金的补充。能够鼓励私营部门提供这种服务的政策手段包括税收优惠,可能还包括关于雇员是否有养恤金计划及其运作方式的立法规定。这些措施的范围可以从强制加入养老金计划,到除非个人选择退出该计划,否则自动加入的安排。在本文中,我们重点研究养老金缴款的税收处理,它通过养老金缴款、养老金投资收入和养老金支付构成了养老金整体税收处理的重要组成部分。这是对整个地区的部分看法,但提供了一些新的见解。它不会直接导致政策建议;为了得出这样的结论,还需要考虑到其他几个因素。各国对养老金缴款的税收待遇差别很大。怀特豪斯(1999年和2000年)提出了四种不同的选择,其特点是捐款、养老基金收入和养老金支付是否应纳税(T)或免税(E)。爱尔兰目前对养老金的税收待遇可以概括为大致遵循捐款免征所得税的原则。养老基金收入,即从养老基金中获得的投资收入,也可以免税,而从养老基金中获得的收入则按正常方式纳税。这种做法在国际上并不罕见,被称为EET,因为捐款是免税的,投资收入是免税的,支付中的养老金是征税的。在爱尔兰的制度中,有一个偏离严格的EET框架,因为退休时的一次性付款也免税。怀特豪斯将EET描述为一种支出税,这也可以在TEE制度下实现,即在进入时征税,但养老基金收入和养老金支付免税。在Whitehouse(2000)调查的国家中,大约有一半的国家的税收制度近似于支出税,或者对养老金更有利。
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引用次数: 7
Quarterly Economic Commentary, Autumn 2017 《经济评论季刊》,2017年秋季
Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.26504/qec2017aut
K. McQuinn, Conor O'Toole, P. Economides, Teresa Monteiro
While data for the first quarter of the year suggested a certain slowing in the rate of economic activity, more recent indicators suggests that 2017 looks set to register strong growth for the Irish economy. In particular taxation receipts have increased somewhat in Quarter 2 compared with Quarter 1. Based on this and the continued strong performance of the Irish labour market and related growth in personal consumption we are now increasing our forecast for 2017 to 5.0 per cent for GDP. This is up by over 1 per cent from the last Commentary; our GDP forecast for 2018 is marginally increased to 4.0 per cent.
虽然今年第一季度的数据表明经济活动的速度有所放缓,但最近的指标表明,2017年爱尔兰经济似乎将出现强劲增长。特别是第二季度的税收收入比第一季度有所增加。基于这一点,以及爱尔兰劳动力市场的持续强劲表现和个人消费的相关增长,我们现在将2017年GDP增长预测上调至5.0%。这比上一期《评论》增长了1%以上;我们将2018年GDP增长预期略微上调至4.0%。
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引用次数: 2
Quarterly Economic Commentary, Spring 2002 《季刊经济评论》,2002年春季
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26504/qec2018spr
D. McCoy, D. Duffy, J. Hore, C. MacCoille
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引用次数: 9
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